JP7122141B2 - 栄養断片、タンパク質、および方法 - Google Patents
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Description
本出願は、2012年3月26日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/615,819号に対する優先権を主張するものであり、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
本出願は、EFS-Webを介してASCII形式で提出された配列表を含み、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。2013年3月12日に作成された上記ASCIIコピーは、1005.005-PCT_SL.txtという名称であり、3,234,600バイトである。
食事性タンパク質は、ヒトの健康および成長のための必須栄養素である。世界保健機関は、エネルギーバランスがとれている場合および体重が安定している場合、食事性タンパク質は、エネルギー摂取量の約10~15%に寄与するべきであると推奨している。様々な国々におけるタンパク質の1日平均摂取量は、これらの推奨が、世界中で摂取されているタンパク質の量と一致することを示唆している。エネルギーバランスがとれた状態で摂取される場合、タンパク質からのエネルギーの平均20~30%を含む食事が、高タンパク食の代表的なものである。
第1の態様において、本開示は、天然に存在するタンパク質の断片と相同である第1のポリペプチド配列を含み、その第1のポリペプチド配列が、a.少なくとも24%の全アミノ酸残基に対する分枝鎖アミノ酸残基の割合、b.少なくとも11%の全アミノ酸残基に対するLeu残基の割合、およびc.少なくとも49%の全アミノ酸残基に対する必須アミノ酸残基の割合のうちの少なくとも1つを含む、単離された栄養タンパク質を提供する。いくつかの実施形態において、第1のポリペプチド配列は、各必須アミノ酸のうちの少なくとも1つをさらに含む。いくつかの実施形態において、第1のポリペプチド配列は、天然に存在するタンパク質の断片に対して少なくとも70%の相同性を有する。いくつかの実施形態において、第1のポリペプチド配列は、天然に存在するタンパク質の断片に対して少なくとも95%の相同性を有する。いくつかの実施形態において、天然に存在するタンパク質の断片は、少なくとも25個のアミノ酸残基を含む。いくつかの実施形態において、天然に存在するタンパク質の断片は、少なくとも50個のアミノ酸残基を含む。いくつかの実施形態において、第1のポリペプチド配列は、a.少なくとも24%の全アミノ酸残基に対する分枝鎖アミノ酸残基の割合、b.少なくとも11%の全アミノ酸残基に対するLeu残基の割合、およびc.少なくとも49%の全アミノ酸残基に対する必須アミノ酸残基の割合を含む。いくつかの実施形態において、第1のポリペプチド配列は、天然に存在する栄養タンパク質の断片を含む。いくつかの実施形態において、第1のポリペプチド配列は、天然に存在する栄養タンパク質の断片からなる。
本開示の目的のために、「栄養タンパク質」は、望ましい量の必須アミノ酸を含有するタンパク質である。いくつかの実施形態において、栄養タンパク質は、少なくとも30重量%の必須アミノ酸を含む。いくつかの実施形態において、栄養タンパク質は、少なくとも40重量%の必須アミノ酸を含む。いくつかの実施形態において、栄養タンパク質は、少なくとも50重量%の必須アミノ酸を含む。いくつかの実施形態において、栄養タンパク質は、食用種において天然に生じるタンパク質もしくはタンパク質の断片を含むか、またはそれからなる。その最も広範において、「食用種」は、有害な影響なく少なくとも1種類の哺乳動物によって食されることで知られる任意の種を包含する。有害な影響には、毒性作用および有毒作用が含まれる。いくつかの実施形態において、食用種は、有害な影響なくヒトによって食されることで知られる種である。限定された地理的地域においてある種類の哺乳動物の小群のみの希少ではあるが既知の食事の構成成分である食用種もあれば、世界中ほとんどの地域で主食となっている食用種もある。他の実施形態において、食用種は、任意の哺乳動物によって以前に食されたことで既知であるが、試験時に食用であることが実証される種である。食用種には、ワタ(Gossypium turneri)、シロノタモギタケモドキ、グリシンマックス、アジアイネ、メバチ、ブリストルコーンモミ、トゲネズミ、タクヨウレンリソウ、インドヤギュウ、ケープグリスボック、タテゴトアザラシ、カラチョウザメ、ジャワジャコウネコ、ヒマラヤヒラタケ、ダッタンソバ、ストローブマツ、アサガオ、キャラボク、フウリンアサガオ、オオノガイ、キウイフルーツ、グラントガゼル、ヨーロッパヤマナラシ、セイヨウスモモ、セグロカモメ、ビロードクサフジ、ホシエビス、ヒロハノマンテマ、サラワクイルカ、アメリカウバガイ、クシマンセ、アズキ、ツルナシレリンソウ、カラフトマス、ミシシッピワニ、アレッポマツ、カモメ、セイヨウアブラナ、シラタマソウ、クラカケアザラシ、インディアンガゼル、テーダマツ、カナダイチイ、ヒロハザミア、ウンナンマツ、ヒマラヤゴヨウマツ、アスパラガス、アヒ・アマリージョ、イガゴヨウマツ、ヨーロッパイチイ、シベリアマツ、オレンジ、ハワイアンスコーレルフィッシュ、アメリカバイソン、トムソンガゼル、ヤハズエンドウ、カナダガン、セロリ、コブカエデ、コリアンダー、ヒメシラタマソウ、レタス、カプシカム・シネンゼ、シラビソ、カプラ・ヒルクス、スペックガゼル、サケ、ヒメノアサガオ、シロウリ、ワモンアザラシ、アカギツネ、ルコウソウ、ソラナム(habrochaites)、ポプラ種、リギダマツ、オーバーカップオーク、ベニバナインゲン、ユリカモメ、トガリエビス、タイセイヨウクロマグロ、ホッキョクギツネ、インディアンバイソン、イタリアン・メープル、イロハモミジ、セイヨウヒイラギガシ、モンタナマツ、オオヅル、カギミヤママツ、ウメ、マスノスケ、コウジョウセンガゼル、フェネック、シシマツ、ワタ(barbadense)、シカモアカエデ、ベニザケ、ヒゲイノシシ、ソバ亜種アンセストラル、カルドン、ヤエナリ、セイコウハコヤナギ、ワタ(schwendimanii)、ソラナム(chacoense)、アカガシワ、キュウリ、サバンナシマウマ、ギンザケ、ラジアータパイン、ゼニガタアザラシ、オグロヅル、アメリカオオモミ、サクラマス、ホウレンソウ、ソラナム(chilense)、アダックス、サツマイモ、グレビーシマウマ、トドマツ、イタリアカサマツ、オオカグラコウモリ、オータム・クロッカス、ブンタン、シロチョウザメ、ワタ(gossypioides)、インドジャコウネコ、ターキー・オーク、インドガン、フォックステールパイン、スパニッシュムシトリナデシコ、オンコリンクス属種、ビルマジャコウネコ、ヤク、スラッシュマツ、インドノロバ、アイベックス、ニンニク、ラディッシュ、エキナタマツ、ブラックチェリー、ニジエビス、シロバナマンテマ、ヤセイカンラン、ノラニンジン、ニジマス、カイラン、ワタ(hirsutum)、ヨーロッパモミ、シトラス・レティキュラータ、チコリー、コープレイ、ラマ、トウモロコシ、セキショウ、キットギツネ、アルタイアルガリ、シャープグリスボック、コントルタマツ、コブウシ、シベリアアイベックス、ポンデローサマツ、アーモンド、ソラナム(sogarandinum)、ヨウサイ、ハナジロカマイルカ、ビッグホーン、セイヨウミザクラ、ダマガゼル、ビンナガ、マンテマ、スイスマツ、サフラン、スイカ、アカガゼル、ハリゲナタネ、マーコール、ミンドロスイギュウ.、ダイオウマツ、セイヨウバクチノキ、マナヅル、マルバアサガオ、チワワマツ、ハラジロカマイルカ、スタインボック、ブラッシカ・ラパ亜種ペキネンシス、アメリカセンニチコウ、ホシアサガオ、パツラマツ、マスクメロン、バージニアマツ、ソラナム(lycopersicum)、アカマツ、アパッチパイン、ヨーロッパナラ、イポメア・セトーサ、トキイロヒラタケ、ハチマキカグラコウモリ、ヒツジ、ヒメエビス、ブロッコリー、カフカスツール、キタカミハクヨウ、プレーリーオニオン、ソラマメ、フツウソバ、ステップバイソン、コルクガシ、ラゴフィラ・ラモシッシマ、マダガスカルボア、シベリアチョウザメ、カプシクム・アンヌウム、パンコムギ、アフリカツメガエル、バイカルアザラシ、アドリアチョウザメ、オニマタタビ、ドールシープ、ソラナム(tuberosum)、カラバオ、ザボン、ヨーロッパバイソン、ヌビアノロバ、アノア、エリンギ、ソラナム(demissum)、ウリアル、トウモロコシ亜種パルビグルミス、ハットクマメ、ウェルウィッチア、オーストラリアヅル、マルバルコウ、タマネギ、ゼメリングガゼル、ブラッシカ・ラパ、ビクーニャ、ソラナム(peruvianum)、アフリカツメガエル、カフカスアイベックス、キハダマグロ、ヤマシマウマ、セキショクヤケイ、ソラナム(bulbocastanum)、テラソカグラコウモリ、タイセイヨウカマイルカ、カバチョウセンゴヨウ、フランスモミジ、アメリカクロポプラ、ブラック・コットンウッド、ロシアチョウザメ、クロマツ、キャベツ、カジカ(korotneffi)、エドミガゼル、ウラジロモミ、マンシュウモミ、マウンテンガゼル、ゴヨウマツ、ハボタン、ペポカボチャ、カザンマツ、オオシラビソ、タイセイヨウクロマグロ、ウンシュウミカン、ソラナム(cheesmanii)、カマイルカ、ノルウェーカエデ、レモン、デュメリルボア、ソラナム(commersonii)、ワタ(arboreum)、モモ、ヒラタケ、モミ、リムガゼル、タイセイヨウサケ、アメリカウミザリガニ、カリフォルニアアカモミ、バンテン、ゴマフアザラシ、フィリピンヒゲイノシシ、ナス、ゼニガタアザラシ、ヨーロッパアカマツ、ザミア、コサックギツネ、リーキ、カスピカイアザラシ、ケープギツネ、チュウゴクイチイ、カリフラワー、キバシハイイロガン、ライマメ、ブラッシカ・カンペストリス、サトウカエデ、ハイマツ、ソラナム(pennellii)、ピニョンマツ、イモネノホシアサガオ、ウラジロハコヤナギ、ノドキリマス、フユナラ、スンダイボイノシシ、プルツワルスキーモウコノウマ、コトカケヤナギ、アフリカツメガエル、タイヘイヨウイチイ、グアナコ、バンクスマツ、イヌホオズキ、セレベスイノブタ、カラシナ、ダンダラカマイルカ、アメリカヤマナラシ、コロラドトウヒ、ヤマアノア、カシ(gamelliflora)、アジアムフロン、アジアスイギュウ、リュウキュウマツ、フィリピンヒゲイノシシ、インゲンマメ、ブラウントラウト、ペルシャチョウザメ、ソラナム(brevidens)、レジノーサマツ、セーブルアンテロープ、ヌビアアイベックス、シーアスパラガス、イポメア・プラテンシス、ブタ、パサン、ガラスマメ、アオスジエビス、タイセイヨウオヒョウ、アメリカショウブ、ウマ、コブウシ、ツケバナ、アルパカ、フランスカイガンショウ、マダコ、ソラナム(crispum)、ローンアンテロープ、チャップマンシマウマ、アレキサンダークシマンセ、ヨルガオ、ヒトツブコムギ、アラビアバルサムノキ、ミナミカマイルカ、ドルカスガゼル、ケルメスオーク、ハクガン、トウ、ヒマラヤマツ、マンシュウクロマツ、フィッシェリ、ホオカザリヅル、カイロトゲマウス、ネットメロン、セイロンヤケイ、ピスム・サティヴム、ノブコーンパイン、サンドパイン、サウジガゼル、キャプラアイベックス、イポメア・トリフィーダ、テオシント、ベトナムマツ、ウイルソントゲマウス、パセリ、ピンオーク、コムギ(timopheevi)、シチメンチョウ、ヤセイカンラン、ヤセイカンラン、ビーツ、ソラナム(lycopersicum)、インゲンマメ、メカジキ、ストライプドバス、オオクチバス、マゼランツキヒガイ、ヨーロピアン・スプラト、タイセイヨウニシン、モトカタクチイワシ、セイヨウカボチャ、アガリクス・ビスポルス、キングバナナ、マルス・ドメスティカ、ヒヨコマメ、マガモ、ヒメツルコケモモ、ラズベリー、ローブッシュ・ブルーベリー、イチゴ、セイヨウヤブイチゴ、マスクメロン、パイナップル、ペポカボチャ、二ホンカボチャ、ブタ、バジル、ローズマリー、ウイキョウ、ダイオウ、パパイヤ、マンゴー、キウイフルーツ、アンズ、セイヨウミザクラ、ココヤシ、オリーブ、セイヨウナシ、イチジク、クダモノトケイソウ、アジアイネ亜種ジャポニカ、アジアイネ亜種インディカ、ヨーロッパウズラ、出芽酵母が含まれるが、これらに限定されない。
栄養ポリペプチドまたはタンパク質をコードする核酸も本明細書において提供される。いくつかの実施形態において、核酸は、単離される。いくつかの実施形態において、核酸は、精製される。
本明細書でさらに記載されるように、本明細書に開示の核酸分子のうちの少なくとも1つを含む発現ベクターを含むベクターも提供される。いくつかの実施形態において、ベクターは、本明細書に開示の栄養タンパク質をコードする少なくとも1つの単離された核酸分子を含む。代替の実施形態において、ベクターは、1つ以上の発現制御配列に作動的に連結された核酸分子を含む。したがって、ベクターは、組換え微生物宿主細胞において少なくとも1つの組換えタンパク質を発現させるために用いられ得る。
本明細書に記載の組換え遺伝子の発現に有用なプロモーターは、構成的プロモーターと誘導性/抑制性プロモーターの両方を含む。誘導性/抑制性プロモーターの例として、ニッケル誘導性プロモーター(例えば、PnrsA、PnrsB:例えば、Lopez-Mauy et al.,Cell(2002)v.43:247-256を参照のこと)およびPnirA等の尿素抑制性プロモーター(例えば、Qi et al.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology(2005)v.71:5678-5684に記載のもの)が挙げられる。誘導性/抑制性プロモーターのさらなる例として、PnirA(硝酸によって誘導され、尿素によって抑制される、nirA遺伝子の発現を駆動するプロモーター)およびPsuf(鉄ストレスによって誘導される、sufB遺伝子の発現を駆動するプロモーター)が挙げられる。構成的プロモーターの例として、Pcpc(cpcオペロンの発現を駆動するプロモーター)、Prbc(ルビスコの発現を駆動するプロモーター)、PpsbAII(PpsbAIIの発現を駆動するプロモーター)、Pcro(croの発現を駆動するλファージプロモーター)が挙げられる。他の実施形態において、PaphIlおよび/またはlaclq-Ptrcプロモーターを用いて、発現を制御することができる。複数の組換え遺伝子が操作された微生物において発現される場合、異なる遺伝子が、異なるプロモーターによって、または別個のオペロンの同一のプロモーターによって制御され得るか、あるいは2つ以上の遺伝子の発現が、オペロンの一部として単一のプロモーターによって制御され得る。
本明細書に開示の核酸分子またはベクターベクターで形質転換される宿主細胞、およびその子孫も提供される。いくつかの実施形態において、宿主細胞は、微生物細胞である。いくつかの実施形態において、宿主細胞は、自由に複製するベクターであり得るが、そうである必要はないベクター上に核酸配列を担持する。他の実施形態において、核酸は、宿主細胞のゲノムおよび/または宿主細胞の内在性プラスミドに組み込まれている。形質転換された宿主細胞は、例えば、本明細書に開示の組換え栄養タンパク質の生成における用途を見出す。
当業者であれば、本明細書に開示の組換え栄養タンパク質を生成する(かつ任意に分泌する)ように組換え細胞を培養し、かつ発現した組換えタンパク質を精製および/または単離するための利用可能な多くの好適な方法を認識している。タンパク質精製のために選択される方法は、目的とするタンパク質の特性、細胞内におけるその位置および形態、ベクター、宿主株のバックグラウンド、ならびに発現したタンパク質の意図された用途を含む多くの可変物に依存する。培養条件も所与の標的タンパク質の溶解性および局在性に影響を及ぼし得る。イオン交換およびゲル濾過を含むが、これらに限定されない多くの手法を用いて、本明細書に開示の組換え微生物細胞において発現された標的タンパク質を精製することができる。
本開示の栄養タンパク質をコードする核酸配列を含む核酸分子は、核酸配列を含むトランスジェニック植物の生成を可能にする。したがって、本開示は、本開示の栄養タンパク質をコードする核酸配列を含む組換え核酸分子を含む植物も提供する。植物は、形質転換および再生を受けるいずれの植物であってもよく、限定されないが、アカシア、アルファルファ、アネット、リンゴ、アンズ、アーティチョーク、ルッコラ、アスパラガス、アボカド、バナナ、オオムギ、マメ、ビート、ブラックベリー、ブルーベリー、ブロッコリー、芽キャベツ、キャベツ、キャノーラ、カンタロープメロン、ニンジン、キャッサバ、カリフラワー、セロリ、白菜、サクランボ、コリアンダー、柑橘類、クレメンタイン、コーヒー、トウモロコシ、ワタ、キュウリ、ダグラスファー、ナス、エンダイブ、キクヂシャ、ユーカリ、ウイキョウ、イチジク、森林樹、ウリ、ブドウ、グレープフルーツ、ハニーデューメロン、ヒカマ、キウイフルーツ、レタス、リーク、レモン、ライム、テーダマツ、マンゴー、メロン、キノコ、木の実、オーツ麦、オクラ、タマネギ、オレンジ、観賞植物、パパイヤ、パセリ、エンドウ、モモ、ピーナッツ、ナシ、コショウ、カキ、マツ、パイナップル、オオバコ、プラム、ザクロ、ポプラ、ジャガイモ、カボチャ、マルメロ、ラジエータパイン、赤チコリー、ラディッシュ、ナタネ、ラズベリー、米、ライ麦、モロコシ、サザンパイン、大豆、ホウレンソウ、スカッシュ、イチゴ、テンサイ、サトウキビ、ヒマワリ、スイートコーン、サツマイモ、モミジバフウ、タンジェリン、紅茶、タバコ、トマト、芝生、つる植物、スイカ、コムギ、ヤムイモ、およびズッキーニを含む。好ましい実施形態において、植物は、マメ、ブロッコリー、キャベツ、キャノーラ、ニンジン、カリフラワー、セロリ、白菜、トウモロコシ、ワタ、キュウリ、ナス、リーク、レタス、メロン、エンドウ、コショウ、カボチャ、ラディッシュ、ホウレンソウ、大豆、スカッシュ、サトウキビ、スイートコーン、トマト、スイカ、およびコムギ植物である。いくつかの実施形態において、植物は、トウモロコシ植物である。いくつかの実施形態において、植物は、大豆植物である。いくつかの実施形態において、植物は、ワタ植物である。いくつかの実施形態において、植物は、キャノーラ植物である。いくつかの実施形態において、植物は、アラビドプシス、ベータ、グリシン、ヤトロファ、ミスカンサス、パニクム、ファラリス、ポプルス、サッカルム、サリクス、シモンドシア、およびゼアから選択される属のメンバーである。
本明細書に開示の少なくとも1つの栄養タンパク質は、栄養組成物を形成するために少なくとも1つの第2の構成成分と組み合わせられ得る。いくつかの実施形態において、組成物中のアミノ酸の唯一の源は、本明細書に開示される少なくとも1つの栄養タンパク質である。そのような実施形態において、上記組成のアミノ酸組成物は、本明細書に開示の少なくとも1つの栄養タンパク質のアミノ酸組成物と同一である。いくつかの実施形態において、組成物は、本明細書に開示の少なくとも1つの栄養タンパク質と、少なくとも1つの第2のタンパク質とを含む。いくつかの実施形態において、少なくとも1つの第2のタンパク質は、本明細書に開示の第2の栄養タンパク質であり、他の実施形態において、少なくとも1つの第2のタンパク質は、本明細書に開示の栄養タンパク質ではない。いくつかの実施形態において、組成物は、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20個以上の本明細書に開示の栄養タンパク質を含む。いくつかの実施形態において、組成物は、0、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20個以上の本明細書に開示の栄養タンパク質ではないタンパク質を含む。いくつかの実施形態において、組成物は、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20個以上の栄養タンパク質を含み、組成物は、0、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20個以上の本明細書に開示の栄養タンパク質ではないタンパク質を含む。
いくつかの実施形態において、本明細書に開示の栄養タンパク質および栄養組成物は、患者または使用者(集合的に「対象」と称されることもある)に投与される。本明細書において使用される場合、「投与する」および「投与」は、ある特定の様式で、かつ/または特定の目的のために、ある人物が別の人物に栄養タンパク質または栄養組成物を摂取するように指示する実施形態を包含し、使用者が、第2の人物から受けたいずれの指示とは無関係に、またはそれに矛盾して、ある特定の様式で、かつ/または特定の目的のために、栄養タンパク質または栄養組成物を使用する状況も包含する。特定の様式で、かつ/または特定の目的のために、ある人物が別の人物に栄養タンパク質または栄養組成物を摂取するように指示する実施形態の非限定的な例として、医師が一連の処置法および/または治療を患者に処方する場合、訓練者が使用者(運動選手等)に、特定の一連の処置法および/または治療に従うように助言する場合、ならびに製造業者、流通業者、マーケティング業者が、例えば、製品の販売またはマーケティングに関連して提供されるパッケージまたは他の材料上の広告またはラベルを介して、最終使用者に使用条件を推奨する場合が挙げられる。
以下の実施例は、本発明を用いる方法をより完全に説明する役割を果たす。これらの実施例は、例示目的で提示されており、本発明の真の範囲を限定する役割を果たすべきではない。
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot(European Bioinformatics InstituteとSwiss Institute of Bioinformaticsとのコラボレーション)は、手作業で処理および検討されたタンパク質のデータベースであり、タンパク質同定の出発点として使用した。50個以上のアミノ酸を有する食用種であるソラナム・リコペルシク、トウモロコシ、オリザ・サティバ亜種ジャポニカ、グリシンマックス、オービス・アリエス、ピスム・サティヴム、ホウレンソウ、オリザ・サティバ亜種インディカ、トリティクム・アエスティウム、スース・スクロファ、モモ、カプシクム・アンヌウム、マルス・ドメスティカ、キハダマグロ、カプラ・ヒルクス、シセル・アリエチヌム、タイセイヨウサケ、メレアグリス・ガロパボ、ソラナム・ツベロスム、およびアガリクス・ビスポルスを生存可能な標的と見なした。およそ8,415個のそのようなタンパク質を評価するために選択し、次いでそのタンパク質を、両末端上に消化酵素切断部位を含むように設計された元のタンパク質のおよそ50個、およそ100個、またはおよそ150個のアミノ酸部分に断片化した。加えて、そのタンパク質を既知のアレルゲンのデータベースに対してスクリーニングし、既知のアレルゲンに対して50%を超える全体的相同性を有するものがあるかどうかを決定した。全部で1,000個の断片が、51%以上のEAA、25%以上のBCAA、および13%以上のLeuを含有し、かつ全必須アミノ酸を含有し、既知のアレルゲン(配列番号1~1000)に対する50%未満の全体的相同性を有すると同定された。(実施例1~5に関して、51%のEAA/25%のBCAA/13%のLeuは、乳清のもの(本明細書において49%のEAA/24%のBCAA/11%のLeuであると定義される)を各々1~2%超える値を表すことに留意する。同定されたタンパク質が乳清よりも高い含有量のEAA、BCAA、およびLeuを有することを確実にするために、これらの値を使用して、この実施例でのみ目的とする栄養タンパク質断片を同定した)。タンパク質のセットについて、pH7での溶媒和スコア(「SolvScore」)、pH7での凝集スコア(「AggScore」)、アレルゲン性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知のアレルゲンに対する局所的相同性パーセント)、毒性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知の毒素に対する相同性パーセント)、抗栄養性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知のプロテアーゼ阻害剤に対する相同性パーセント)、およびヒト相同性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知のヒトタンパク質に対する相同性パーセント)を計算し、Cys残基(「C」)の合計数を決定した。このようにして同定した75個の代表的な断片の特性を表3Aおよび3Bに提示する。
実施例1に記載されるように、8,415個のタンパク質のセットからの断片を、アミノ酸含有量、必須アミノ酸(「EAA」)の割合、分枝鎖アミノ酸(「BCAA」)の割合、ロイシン(「L」)の割合に関して評価し、各タンパク質に対してタンパク質がすべての必須アミノ酸を含有するかどうかを計算した。加えて、そのタンパク質断片を既知のアレルゲンのデータベースに対してスクリーニングし、既知のアレルゲンに対して50%を超える全体的相同性を有するものがあるかどうかを決定した。全部で414個のタンパク質断片が、51%以上のEAA、25%以上のBCAA、および13%以上のLeuを含有し、既知のアレルゲン(配列番号1001~1414)に対する50%未満の全体的相同性を有すると同定された。タンパク質のセットについて、pH7での溶媒和スコア(「SolvScore」)、pH7での凝集スコア(「AggScore」)、アレルゲン性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知のアレルゲンに対する局所的相同性パーセント)、毒性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知の毒素に対する相同性パーセント)、抗栄養性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知のプロテアーゼ阻害剤に対する相同性パーセント)、およびヒト相同性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知のヒトタンパク質に対する相同性パーセント)を計算し、Cys残基(「C」)の合計数を決定した。このようにして同定した75個の代表的なタンパク質の特性を表4Aおよび4Bに提示する。
実施例1に記載されるように、8,415個のタンパク質のセットからの断片を、アミノ酸含有量、必須アミノ酸(「EAA」)の割合、分枝鎖アミノ酸(「BCAA」)の割合、ロイシン(「L」)の割合に関して評価し、各タンパク質に対してタンパク質がすべての必須アミノ酸を含有するかどうかを計算した。加えて、そのタンパク質断片を既知のアレルゲンのデータベースに対してスクリーニングし、既知のアレルゲンに対して50%を超える全体的相同性を有するものがあるかどうかを決定した。全部で485個のタンパク質が、51%以上のEAAおよび25%以上のBCAAを含有し、すべての必須アミノ酸を含有し、ならびに既知のアレルゲン(配列番号1415~1899)に対する50%未満の全体的相同性を有すると同定された。タンパク質断片のセットについて、pH7での溶媒和スコア(「SolvScore」)、pH7での凝集スコア(「AggScore」)、アレルゲン性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知のアレルゲンに対する局所的相同性パーセント)、毒性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知の毒素に対する相同性パーセント)、抗栄養性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知のプロテアーゼ阻害剤に対する相同性パーセント)、およびヒト相同性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知のヒトタンパク質に対する相同性パーセント)を計算し、Cys残基(「C」)の合計数を決定した。このようにして同定した75個の代表的なタンパク質の特性を表5Aおよび5Bに提示する。
実施例1に記載されるように、8,415個のタンパク質のセットからの断片を、アミノ酸含有量、必須アミノ酸(「EAA」)の割合、分枝鎖アミノ酸(「BCAA」)の割合、ロイシン(「L」)の割合に関して評価し、各タンパク質に対してタンパク質がすべての必須アミノ酸を含有するかどうかを計算した。加えて、そのタンパク質断片を既知のアレルゲンのデータベースに対してスクリーニングし、既知のアレルゲンに対して50%を超える全体的相同性を有するものがあるかどうかを決定した。全部で203個のタンパク質断片が、51%以上のEAAおよび13%以上のLeuを含有し、全必須アミノ酸を含有し、既知のアレルゲン(配列番号1900~2102)に対する50%未満の全体的相同性を有すると同定された。タンパク質断片のセットについて、pH7での溶媒和スコア(「SolvScore」)、pH7での凝集スコア(「AggScore」)、アレルゲン性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知のアレルゲンに対する局所的相同性パーセント)、毒性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知の毒素に対する相同性パーセント)、抗栄養性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知のプロテアーゼ阻害剤に対する相同性パーセント)、およびヒト相同性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知のヒトタンパク質に対する相同性パーセント)を計算し、Cys残基(「C」)の合計数を決定した。このようにして同定した75個の代表的なタンパク質断片の特性を表6Aおよび6Bに提示する。
実施例1に記載されるように、8,415個のタンパク質のセットからの断片を、アミノ酸含有量、必須アミノ酸(「EAA」)の割合、分枝鎖アミノ酸(「BCAA」)の割合、ロイシン(「L」)の割合に関して評価し、各タンパク質に対してタンパク質がすべての必須アミノ酸を含有するかどうかを計算した。加えて、そのタンパク質を既知のアレルゲンのデータベースに対してスクリーニングし、既知のアレルゲンに対して50%を超える全体的相同性を有するものがあるかどうかを決定した。全部で415個のタンパク質断片が、25%以上のBCAAおよび13%以上のLeuを含有し、かつ全必須アミノ酸を含有し、既知のアレルゲン(配列番号2103~2518)に対する50%未満の全体的相同性を有すると同定された。タンパク質断片のセットについて、pH7での溶媒和スコア(「SolvScore」)、pH7での凝集スコア(「AggScore」)、アレルゲン性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知のアレルゲンに対する局所的相同性パーセント)、毒性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知の毒素に対する相同性パーセント)、抗栄養性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知のプロテアーゼ阻害剤に対する相同性パーセント)、およびヒト相同性(すなわち、本明細書に記載されるような既知のヒトタンパク質に対する相同性パーセント)を計算し、Cys残基(「C」)の合計数を決定した。このようにして同定した75個の代表的なタンパク質断片の特性を表7Aおよび7Bに提示する。
本明細書で開示される栄養タンパク質をコードする遺伝子を、大腸菌中での発現用にコドン最適化し、LifeTechnologies/GeneArtまたはDNA 2.0のいずれかによって合成した。遺伝子は、精製を促進するために2つのアミノ末端タグのうちの1つを含有するように設計された:
本開示に記載されるような栄養タンパク質を大量に生成するための代表的なプロトコルは次の通りである。
一連の292個の栄養タンパク質をコードするオープンリーディングフレームをクローニングし、大腸菌に導入し、実施例6の方法を用いて組換えタンパク質の発現を評価した。用いた系において、163個のタンパク質が発現されたと同定され、129個は発現されなかった。発現された163個のタンパク質のうち、125個を可溶性発現について調べた。75個が可溶性発現された一方で、50個は発現されなかったことが分かった。
実施例6および7に記載されるように生成した9個の栄養タンパク質の溶解性を遠心濃縮によって検査し、その後タンパク質濃縮アッセイが続いた。Coomassie Plus(Bradford)タンパク質アッセイ(Thermo Scientific)のプロトコルに従って20mMのHEPES(pH 7.5)中の試料のタンパク質濃度、および(該当する場合)280nmの吸光度を検査した。これらの測定値に基づいて、10mgのタンパク質をAmicon Ultra 3kDa遠心濾過器(Millipore)に添加した。10,000Xgで30分間の遠心分離により試料を濃縮した。最終濃縮試料の沈殿タンパク質および色を検査し、次いで、上記のようにタンパク質濃度を検査した。この結果を表9に示す。
栄養タンパク質の熱安定性は、タンパク質が有用な有効期間を有する可能性があるかどうかに関する見通しを提供する。実施例6および7に記載されるように生成したタンパク質の試料を、迅速な熱安定性スクリーニング法を用いて並行してスクリーニングした。この方法では、温度の上昇に伴ってタンパク質が変性するにつれて形成される凝集タンパク質に結合する疎水性色素(Enzo Life Sciences、ProteoStat(登録商標)熱シフト安定性アッセイキット)の存在下で、2つの代表的な配合物中においてタンパク質を25℃~95℃にゆっくりと加熱した(Niesen,F.H.,Berglund,H.&Vadadi,M.,2007.The use of differential scanning fluorimetry to detect ligand interactions that promote protein stability.Nature Protocols,Volume 2,pp.2212-2221.)。結合すると、色素の蛍光が著しく増加するので、次いで、それをrtPCR機器により記録し、タンパク質の溶融曲線によって表す(Lavinder,J.J.,Hari,S.B.,Suillivan,B.J. &Magilery,T.J.,2009.High-Throughput Thermal Scanning:A General,Rapid Dye-Binding Thermal Shift Screen for Protein Engineering.Journal of the American Chemical Society,pp.3794-3795.)。熱シフトが完了した後、試料の不溶性沈殿物を検査し、分析用のサイズ排除クロマトグラフィー(SEC)によってさらに分析した。
タンパク質の消化率をスクリーニングする目的は、潜在的に安全ではないアレルゲン性タンパク質を除外すること、およびペプチドの生物学的利用能の予測因子として消化の相対的完全性を決定することである。このスクリーニング方法は、模擬胃内消化および模擬腸内消化といったタンパク質消化の両方の段階を含む、生理的に適切なインビトロ消化反応を利用する(Moreno,J.F.et al.,2005.Stability of the major allergen Brazil nut 2S albumin(Ber e 1)to physiologically relevant in vitro gastrointestinal digestion.FEBS Journal,pp.341-352.)。試料は、反応を通して採取することができ、チップ電気泳動およびLC-QTOF-MSを用いてインタクトなタンパク質およびペプチド断片について分析することができる。アレルゲン性を有するタンパク質は、消化プロテアーゼに耐性を示すためにアレルギー反応を引き起こすより高いリスクを有するタンパク質またはタンパク質の大きな断片を同定することにより評価することができる(Goodman,R.E. et al.,2008.Allergenicity assessment of genetically modified crops-what makes sense?.Nature Biotechnology,pp.73-81.)。消化率は、いかに効率的にタンパク質がペプチドに分解されるかを判定することによって測定される(Daniel,H.,2003.Molecular and Integrative Physiology of Intestinal Peptide Transport.Annual Review of Physiology,Volume 66,pp.361-384.)。
実施例6および7に記載されるように生成した2つの栄養タンパク質(配列番号2612および2613)を、実施例11に記載されるようにSGFおよびSIF消化に供した。両方のタンパク質はSGF中で完全に消化され、SGF半減期を表12に示す。
Claims (13)
- 単離された栄養タンパク質を含む栄養組成物であって、
単離された栄養タンパク質が、配列番号2547、2575、2578、2580、2582、2587、2595、2596、2598、2599、2602、2603、2612、及び2613からなる群から選択されるポリペプチド配列に少なくとも90%相同なポリペプチド配列を含み、
ここで、前記単離された栄養タンパク質は生理学的pHで少なくとも20g/Lの水溶解性およびpH7で-20以下の溶媒和スコアを有し、
前記栄養組成物が、少なくとも1つの第2の構成成分を含み、かつ
前記単離された栄養タンパク質が、10分未満の模擬胃内消化半減期を有する、
栄養組成物。 - 前記単離された栄養タンパク質が、生理学的pHで、少なくとも30g/L、少なくとも40g/L、少なくとも50g/L、または少なくとも100g/Lの水溶解性を有する、請求項1に記載の栄養組成物。
- 前記単離された栄養タンパク質が、pH7で-30以下の溶媒和スコアを有する、請求項1又は2に記載の栄養組成物。
- 前記単離された栄養タンパク質が、0.5以下、または0.3以下の計算上の凝集スコアを有する、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の栄養組成物。
- 前記単離された栄養タンパク質が、95℃で検出可能な凝集を示さない、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の栄養組成物。
- 前記単離された栄養タンパク質が、既知のアレルゲンに対して50%未満の全体的配列相同性を有し、かつ/または前記単離された栄養タンパク質が、既知の毒素に対して50%未満の全体的配列相同性を有する、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の栄養組成物。
- 前記単離された栄養タンパク質が、3個以下のシステイン残基を含む、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の栄養組成物。
- 前記単離された栄養タンパク質が、各必須アミノ酸のうちの少なくとも1つをさらに含む、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の栄養組成物。
- 前記単離された栄養タンパク質が、20~150アミノ酸長を含む、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の栄養組成物。
- 栄養タンパク質の量が、0.1g~1g、1g~5g、2g~10g、5g~15g、10g~20g、15g~25g、20g~40g、25~50g、および30~60gから選択される、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の栄養組成物。
- 組換え微生物による前記栄養タンパク質の生成に十分な条件下で、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の栄養組成物に含まれている栄養タンパク質をコードする核酸配列を含む、核酸、及び請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の栄養組成物に含まれている栄養タンパク質をコードする核酸配列を含む、ベクター、のうちの少なくとも1つを含む組換え微生物を培養することを含み、任意に培養物から前記栄養タンパク質を単離することをさらに含む、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の栄養組成物を作製する方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つの第2の構成成分が、タンパク質、ポリペプチド、ペプチド、遊離アミノ酸、炭水化物、脂肪、ミネラルまたはミネラル源、ビタミン、栄養補助食品、生物、医薬品、および賦形剤から選択される、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の栄養組成物。
- 前記栄養組成物が、液体溶液、スラリー、懸濁液、ゲル、ペースト、粉末、または固体として製剤化されている、請求項1~10及び12のいずれか1項に記載の栄養組成物。
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DATABASE UniProtKB[online]22 Feb 2012,"Full=Myosin-8:AltName:Full=Myosin heavy chain 8;AltName:Full=Myosin heavy chain,skeletal muscle,perinatal:Short=MyHC-perinatal",[retrieved on 2016.12.22],Accession No.P13542 |
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SG11201405841RA (en) | 2014-10-30 |
CA2868473A1 (en) | 2013-10-03 |
US20170253639A1 (en) | 2017-09-07 |
JP2015513904A (ja) | 2015-05-18 |
AU2013240184A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
US20150011482A1 (en) | 2015-01-08 |
US9944681B2 (en) | 2018-04-17 |
RU2014143031A (ru) | 2016-05-20 |
JP2018138029A (ja) | 2018-09-06 |
JP2021151239A (ja) | 2021-09-30 |
HK1206765A1 (en) | 2016-01-15 |
BR112014023792A2 (pt) | 2017-07-18 |
SG10201604458VA (en) | 2016-07-28 |
IL234617A (en) | 2017-04-30 |
EP2831099A4 (en) | 2016-01-13 |
EP2831099A1 (en) | 2015-02-04 |
AU2017213509A1 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
WO2013148330A1 (en) | 2013-10-03 |
US9598474B2 (en) | 2017-03-21 |
MX2014011600A (es) | 2015-02-04 |
CN104364259A (zh) | 2015-02-18 |
EP3715365A1 (en) | 2020-09-30 |
RU2634407C2 (ru) | 2017-10-26 |
IL247763A0 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
EP2831099B1 (en) | 2020-04-22 |
AU2013240184B2 (en) | 2017-05-25 |
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