JP7110400B2 - リチウム-硫黄電池用電解液及びそれを含むリチウム-硫黄電池 - Google Patents
リチウム-硫黄電池用電解液及びそれを含むリチウム-硫黄電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7110400B2 JP7110400B2 JP2020566249A JP2020566249A JP7110400B2 JP 7110400 B2 JP7110400 B2 JP 7110400B2 JP 2020566249 A JP2020566249 A JP 2020566249A JP 2020566249 A JP2020566249 A JP 2020566249A JP 7110400 B2 JP7110400 B2 JP 7110400B2
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- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- electrolyte
- sulfur battery
- sulfur
- negative electrode
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- JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[S] Chemical compound [Li].[S] JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 68
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 53
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 84
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 71
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- -1 CH 3SO3Li Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- VQKFNUFAXTZWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylfuran Chemical compound CC1=CC=CO1 VQKFNUFAXTZWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- CPULIKNSOUFMPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethylthiophene Chemical compound CC1=CSC(C)=C1 CPULIKNSOUFMPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GWQOOADXMVQEFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-Dimethylthiophene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)S1 GWQOOADXMVQEFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NWZIYQNUCXUJJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylfuran Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CO1 NWZIYQNUCXUJJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HLPIHRDZBHXTFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylfuran Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CO1 HLPIHRDZBHXTFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KJRRQXYWFQKJIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylfuran Chemical compound CC=1C=COC=1 KJRRQXYWFQKJIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N DMF Natural products CC1=CC=C(C)O1 GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- XQQBUAPQHNYYRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylthiophene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CS1 XQQBUAPQHNYYRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QENGPZGAWFQWCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylthiophene Natural products CC=1C=CSC=1 QENGPZGAWFQWCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910006095 SO2F Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FJSKXQVRKZTKSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylfuran Chemical compound CC=1C=COC=1C FJSKXQVRKZTKSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BZYUMXXOAYSFOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylthiophene Chemical compound CC=1C=CSC=1C BZYUMXXOAYSFOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AABTWRKUKUPMJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethylfuran Chemical compound CC1=COC(C)=C1 AABTWRKUKUPMJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YVBAUDVGOFCUSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Pentylfuran Natural products CCCCCC1=CC=CO1 YVBAUDVGOFCUSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MNDZHERKKXUTOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylthiophene Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CS1 MNDZHERKKXUTOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JCCCMAAJYSNBPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylthiophene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CS1 JCCCMAAJYSNBPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XWNTYHBAQIEAGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-2h-pyran Chemical compound CC1OC=CC=C1 XWNTYHBAQIEAGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BTXIJTYYMLCUHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propylthiophene Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=CS1 BTXIJTYYMLCUHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MGADZUXDNSDTHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2H-pyran Chemical compound C1OC=CC=C1 MGADZUXDNSDTHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SCRLLDUEKYMHDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpyran Chemical compound CC1=CO[CH][CH][CH]1 SCRLLDUEKYMHDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OOARNVHTYGBULA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2h-pyran Chemical compound CC1=CCOC=C1 OOARNVHTYGBULA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001558 CF3SO3Li Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003253 LiB10Cl10 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000552 LiCF3SO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BEKPOUATRPPTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].BCl Chemical compound [Li].BCl BEKPOUATRPPTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzarone Chemical compound CCC=1OC2=CC=CC=C2C=1C(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001547 lithium hexafluoroantimonate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001540 lithium hexafluoroarsenate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001537 lithium tetrachloroaluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HSFDLPWPRRSVSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F HSFDLPWPRRSVSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
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- WVUICGOYGDHVBH-ONEGZZNKSA-N 2-[(e)-2-nitroethenyl]furan Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CO1 WVUICGOYGDHVBH-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
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- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 6
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- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229940019778 diethylene glycol diethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCC CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VNKYTQGIUYNRMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxypropane Chemical compound CCCOC VNKYTQGIUYNRMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、リチウム塩、有機溶媒及び添加剤を含むリチウム-硫黄電池用電解液であって、
前記添加剤は、一つ以上の二重結合を含むヘテロ環化合物を含み、
前記ヘテロ環は、酸素原子または硫黄原子を含むリチウム-硫黄電池用電解液を提供する。
前記負極は、リチウム系金属であり、
前記電解液は、前記本発明の電解液であるリチウム-硫黄電池を提供する。
本発明は、リチウム塩、有機溶媒及び添加剤を含むリチウム-硫黄電池用電解液であって、
前記添加剤は、一つ以上の二重結合を含むヘテロ環化合物を含み、
前記ヘテロ環は、酸素原子または硫黄原子を含むリチウム-硫黄電池用電解液に関する。
本発明は、正極;負極;前記正極と負極との間に介在される分離膜;及び電解液を含むリチウム-硫黄電池であって、
前記負極は、リチウム系金属であり、
前記電解液は、上述した本発明の電解液であるリチウム-硫黄電池に関する。
実施例1~9及び比較例1~2
硫黄をアセトニトリル中で導電材とバインダーとボールミルを使用してミキシングして正極活物質スラリーを製造した。このとき、導電材としてはカーボンブラックを、バインダーとしてはポリエチレンオキシド(分子量5,000,000g/mol)をそれぞれ用い、混合比率は重量比で硫黄:導電材:バインダーが90:5:5となるようにした。前記正極活物質スラリーをアルミニウム集電体に塗布した後、乾燥して正極を製造した。
前記実施例1~9及び比較例1~2で製造したリチウム-硫黄電池を下記の条件で充電及び放電を繰り返しながら寿命特性を測定し、その結果を表2、図1及び図2に示した。
放電:レート0.5C、電圧1.8V、CC
Claims (6)
- リチウム塩、有機溶媒及び添加剤を含むリチウム-硫黄電池用電解液であって、
前記添加剤は、一つ以上の二重結合を含むヘテロ環化合物を含み、
前記ヘテロ環化合物のヘテロ環は、酸素原子または硫黄原子を含み、
前記ヘテロ環化合物は、フラン、2-メチルフラン、3-メチルフラン、2-エチルフラン、2-プロピルフラン、2-ブチルフラン、2,3-ジメチルフラン、2,4-ジメチルフラン、2,5-ジメチルフラン、ピラン、2-メチルピラン、3-メチルピラン、4-メチルピラン、ベンゾフラン、2-(2-ニトロビニル)フラン、チオフェン、2-メチルチオフェン、2-エチルチオフェン、2-プロピルチオフェン、2-ブチルチオフェン、2,3-ジメチルチオフェン、2,4-ジメチルチオフェン及び2,5-ジメチルチオフェンからなる群より選択される1種以上を含み、
前記有機溶媒100体積比に対してヘテロ環化合物は、25以上100未満の体積比で含まれる、リチウム-硫黄電池用電解液。 - 前記添加剤は、開環重合反応により負極表面に高分子保護膜を形成させることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のリチウム-硫黄電池用電解液。
- 前記リチウム塩は、LiCl、LiBr、LiI、LiClO4、LiBF4、LiB10Cl10、LiPF6、LiCF3SO3、LiCF3CO2、LiC4BO8、LiAsF6、LiSbF6、LiAlCl4、CH3SO3Li、CF3SO3Li、(CF3SO2)2NLi、(C2F5SO2)2NLi、(SO2F)2NLi、(CF3SO2)3CLi、クロロボランリチウム、低級脂肪族カルボン酸リチウム、4-フェニルホウ酸リチウム及びリチウムイミドからなる群より選択される1種以上を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のリチウム-硫黄電池用電解液。
- 前記リチウム塩は、0.1~4Mの濃度で含まれることを特徴とする、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム-硫黄電池用電解液。
- 正極;負極;前記正極と負極との間に介在される分離膜;及び電解液を含むリチウム-硫黄電池であって、
前記負極は、リチウム系金属であり、
前記電解液は、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の電解液である、リチウム-硫黄電池。 - 前記リチウム-硫黄電池の初期放電段階で電解液に含まれたヘテロ環化合物の開環重合反応によりリチウム系金属表面に高分子保護膜が形成されることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載のリチウム-硫黄電池。
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR10-2018-0145896 | 2018-11-23 | ||
KR20180145896 | 2018-11-23 | ||
KR10-2019-0039756 | 2019-04-04 | ||
KR20190039756 | 2019-04-04 | ||
KR1020190144814A KR102126252B1 (ko) | 2018-11-23 | 2019-11-13 | 리튬-황 전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬-황 전지 |
KR10-2019-0144814 | 2019-11-13 | ||
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US7241535B2 (en) | 2001-10-15 | 2007-07-10 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Electrolyte for lithium-sulfur batteries and lithium-sulfur batteries comprising the same |
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US7316868B2 (en) | 2004-02-11 | 2008-01-08 | Sion Power Corporation | Electrolytes for lithium-sulfur electrochemical cells |
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WO2006094069A2 (en) | 2005-03-02 | 2006-09-08 | Uchicago Argonne, Llc | Novel redox shuttles for overcharge protection of lithium batteries |
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