JP7104407B2 - 電圧制御発振器、pll回路およびcdr装置 - Google Patents
電圧制御発振器、pll回路およびcdr装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 105
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 58
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 52
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/08—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance
- H03B5/12—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
- H03B5/1206—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device using multiple transistors for amplification
- H03B5/1212—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device using multiple transistors for amplification the amplifier comprising a pair of transistors, wherein an output terminal of each being connected to an input terminal of the other, e.g. a cross coupled pair
- H03B5/1215—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device using multiple transistors for amplification the amplifier comprising a pair of transistors, wherein an output terminal of each being connected to an input terminal of the other, e.g. a cross coupled pair the current source or degeneration circuit being in common to both transistors of the pair, e.g. a cross-coupled long-tailed pair
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- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
- H03L7/085—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
- H03L7/087—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal using at least two phase detectors or a frequency and phase detector in the loop
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- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/08—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance
- H03B5/12—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
- H03B5/1237—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device comprising means for varying the frequency of the generator
- H03B5/1262—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device comprising means for varying the frequency of the generator the means comprising switched elements
- H03B5/1265—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device comprising means for varying the frequency of the generator the means comprising switched elements switched capacitors
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- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/08—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance
- H03B5/12—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
- H03B5/1206—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device using multiple transistors for amplification
- H03B5/1212—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device using multiple transistors for amplification the amplifier comprising a pair of transistors, wherein an output terminal of each being connected to an input terminal of the other, e.g. a cross coupled pair
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
- H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
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- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/02—Details
- H03B5/04—Modifications of generator to compensate for variations in physical values, e.g. power supply, load, temperature
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- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/08—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance
- H03B5/12—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
- H03B5/1228—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device the amplifier comprising one or more field effect transistors
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- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/08—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance
- H03B5/12—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
- H03B5/1237—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device comprising means for varying the frequency of the generator
- H03B5/124—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device comprising means for varying the frequency of the generator the means comprising a voltage dependent capacitance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/08—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance
- H03B5/12—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
- H03B5/1237—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device comprising means for varying the frequency of the generator
- H03B5/124—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device comprising means for varying the frequency of the generator the means comprising a voltage dependent capacitance
- H03B5/1243—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device comprising means for varying the frequency of the generator the means comprising a voltage dependent capacitance the means comprising voltage variable capacitance diodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/08—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance
- H03B5/12—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
- H03B5/1237—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device comprising means for varying the frequency of the generator
- H03B5/124—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device comprising means for varying the frequency of the generator the means comprising a voltage dependent capacitance
- H03B5/1246—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device comprising means for varying the frequency of the generator the means comprising a voltage dependent capacitance the means comprising transistors used to provide a variable capacitance
- H03B5/1253—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device comprising means for varying the frequency of the generator the means comprising a voltage dependent capacitance the means comprising transistors used to provide a variable capacitance the transistors being field-effect transistors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/20—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising resistance and either capacitance or inductance, e.g. phase-shift oscillator
- H03B5/24—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising resistance and either capacitance or inductance, e.g. phase-shift oscillator active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
- H03L7/0807—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly a recovery circuit for the reference signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
- H03L7/085—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
- H03L7/093—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal using special filtering or amplification characteristics in the loop
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
- H03L7/099—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the controlled oscillator of the loop
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
- H04L7/02—Speed or phase control by the received code signals, the signals containing no special synchronisation information
- H04L7/033—Speed or phase control by the received code signals, the signals containing no special synchronisation information using the transitions of the received signal to control the phase of the synchronising-signal-generating means, e.g. using a phase-locked loop
- H04L7/0331—Speed or phase control by the received code signals, the signals containing no special synchronisation information using the transitions of the received signal to control the phase of the synchronising-signal-generating means, e.g. using a phase-locked loop with a digital phase-locked loop [PLL] processing binary samples, e.g. add/subtract logic for correction of receiver clock
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B2201/00—Aspects of oscillators relating to varying the frequency of the oscillations
- H03B2201/02—Varying the frequency of the oscillations by electronic means
- H03B2201/0208—Varying the frequency of the oscillations by electronic means the means being an element with a variable capacitance, e.g. capacitance diode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
- H04L7/02—Speed or phase control by the received code signals, the signals containing no special synchronisation information
- H04L7/033—Speed or phase control by the received code signals, the signals containing no special synchronisation information using the transitions of the received signal to control the phase of the synchronising-signal-generating means, e.g. using a phase-locked loop
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- Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)
Description
図5は、電圧制御発振器40Aの構成を示す図である。この図に示される電圧制御発振器40Aは、第1容量回路41A、第2容量回路42A、第3容量回路43、インダクタ44、インダクタ45、NMOSトランジスタ46およびNMOSトランジスタ47を備える。図2に示された電圧制御発振器40の構成と比較すると、図5に示される電圧制御発振器40Aは、第1容量回路41に替えて第1容量回路41Aを備える点で相違し、第2容量回路42に替えて第2容量回路42Aを備える点で相違する。
Claims (15)
- インダクタ、第1容量回路および第2容量回路を備え、これらインダクタ、第1容量回路および第2容量回路による共振現象により、入力される制御電圧値に応じた周波数を有する発振信号を出力する電圧制御発振器であって、
前記第1容量回路および前記第2容量回路それぞれは、ノードN1とノードN2との間に設けられ両ノード間の電圧値に応じた容量値を有する可変容量素子と、前記ノードN2とノードN3との間に設けられた容量素子と、前記ノードN2にバイアス電圧値を与えるとともに前記可変容量素子に流れるリーク電流の量を検出する検出回路と、前記検出回路による検出結果に基づいて前記リーク電流を補償する電流を前記ノードN1に流す補償回路と、を備え、
前記第1容量回路および前記第2容量回路それぞれのノードN3の間に前記インダクタが設けられており、
前記第1容量回路および前記第2容量回路それぞれのノードN1は互いに電気的に接続されて前記制御電圧値が入力される、
電圧制御発振器。 - 前記第1容量回路および前記第2容量回路それぞれのノードN3に接続され、制御信号により設定される容量値を有する第3容量回路を更に備える、
請求項1に記載の電圧制御発振器。 - 前記第1容量回路および前記第2容量回路それぞれの検出回路が共通であり、
前記第1容量回路および前記第2容量回路それぞれの補償回路が共通である、
請求項1または2に記載の電圧制御発振器。 - 前記検出回路は、
第1電位供給端にソースが接続されたMOSトランジスタM1と、
前記MOSトランジスタM1のドレインと前記ノードN2との間に設けられた抵抗部と、
前記MOSトランジスタM1のドレインに接続された第1入力端子と、バイアス電圧値が入力される第2入力端子と、前記MOSトランジスタM1のゲートに接続された出力端子とを有する差動アンプと、
を含み、
前記補償回路は、
前記第1電位供給端にソースが接続され、前記差動アンプの前記出力端子にゲートが接続されたMOSトランジスタM2と、
第2電位供給端と前記MOSトランジスタM2のドレインとの間に設けられたMOSトランジスタM3と、
前記第2電位供給端と前記ノードN1との間に設けられ、前記MOSトランジスタM3とともにカレントミラー回路を構成し、前記MOSトランジスタM3に流れる電流と同じ量の電流を流すMOSトランジスタM4と、
を含む、
請求項1~3の何れか1項に記載の電圧制御発振器。 - 前記検出回路は、前記第2電位供給端と前記MOSトランジスタM1のドレインとの間に設けられた第1電流源を更に含む、
請求項4に記載の電圧制御発振器。 - 前記検出回路は、前記第2電位供給端と前記ノードN2との間に設けられた第2電流源を更に含む、
請求項4に記載の電圧制御発振器。 - 前記補償回路は、前記第1電位供給端と前記ノードN1との間に設けられた第3電流源を更に含む、
請求項5または6に記載の電圧制御発振器。 - 前記補償回路は、前記第2電位供給端と前記MOSトランジスタM3および前記MOSトランジスタM4それぞれのゲートとの間に設けられた第4電流源を更に含む、
請求項5または6に記載の電圧制御発振器。 - 前記検出回路は、
第1電位供給端にソースが接続されたMOSトランジスタM11と、
第2電位供給端にソースが接続されたMOSトランジスタM21と、
前記MOSトランジスタM11および前記MOSトランジスタM21それぞれのドレインと前記ノードN2との間に設けられた抵抗部と、
前記MOSトランジスタM11および前記MOSトランジスタM21それぞれのドレインに接続された第1入力端子と、バイアス電圧値が入力される第2入力端子と、前記MOSトランジスタM11および前記MOSトランジスタM21それぞれのゲートに接続された出力端子とを有する差動アンプと、
を含み、
前記補償回路は、
前記第1電位供給端にソースが接続され、前記差動アンプの前記出力端子にゲートが接続されたMOSトランジスタM12と、
前記第2電位供給端と前記MOSトランジスタM12のドレインとの間に設けられたMOSトランジスタM13と、
前記第2電位供給端と前記ノードN1との間に設けられ、前記MOSトランジスタM13とともにカレントミラー回路を構成し、前記MOSトランジスタM13に流れる電流と同じ量の電流を流すMOSトランジスタM14と、
前記第2電位供給端にソースが接続され、前記差動アンプの前記出力端子にゲートが接続されたMOSトランジスタM22と、
前記第1電位供給端と前記MOSトランジスタM22のドレインとの間に設けられたMOSトランジスタM23と、
前記第1電位供給端と前記ノードN1との間に設けられ、前記MOSトランジスタM23とともにカレントミラー回路を構成し、前記MOSトランジスタM23に流れる電流と同じ量の電流を流すMOSトランジスタM24と、
を含む、
請求項1~3の何れか1項に記載の電圧制御発振器。 - 前記検出回路は、前記抵抗部として、ゲート電圧に応じた抵抗値を有するMOSトランジスタM5を含む、
請求項4~9の何れか1項に記載の電圧制御発振器。 - 入力される制御電圧値に応じた周波数を有する発振信号を出力する請求項1~10の何れか1項に記載の電圧制御発振器と、
前記電圧制御発振器から出力される発振信号または該発振信号を分周した信号を帰還発振信号として入力するとともに、入力信号をも入力し、これら帰還発振信号と入力信号との間の位相差を検出して、この位相差を表す位相差信号を出力する位相比較器と、
前記位相比較器から出力される位相差信号を入力して、この位相差信号が表す位相差に応じた充放電電流を出力するチャージポンプと、
前記チャージポンプから出力される充放電電流を入力し、この充放電量に応じて増減される前記制御電圧値を前記電圧制御発振器へ出力するループフィルタと、
を備えるPLL回路。 - 前記電圧制御発振器として複数の電圧制御発振器を備え、
前記複数の電圧制御発振器のうち何れか1つの電圧制御発振器から出力される発振信号を選択して出力する選択部を更に備える、
請求項11に記載のPLL回路。 - 前記複数の電圧制御発振器のうち前記選択部により選択された電圧制御発振器を除く他の電圧制御発振器は、前記バイアス電圧値に替えて前記制御電圧値を入力する、
請求項12に記載のPLL回路。 - クロックが埋め込まれたデジタル信号を入力し、このデジタル信号に基づいてデータおよびクロックを復元して、その復元データおよび復元クロックを出力するCDR装置であって、
前記復元クロックが指示するタイミングで前記デジタル信号のデータをサンプリングして、そのサンプリングしたデータを前記復元データとして前記復元クロックに同期して出力するサンプラと、
前記入力信号として前記復元データを前記位相比較器に入力し、前記電圧制御発振器から前記発振信号として前記復元クロックを出力するともに、前記復元クロックを前記サンプラに与える請求項11~13の何れか1項に記載のPLL回路と、
を備えるCDR装置。 - ノードN1とノードN2との間に設けられ両ノード間の電圧値に応じた容量値を有する可変容量素子と、
前記ノードN2とノードN3との間に設けられた容量素子と、
前記ノードN2にバイアス電圧値を与えるとともに前記可変容量素子に流れるリーク電流の量を検出する検出回路と、
前記検出回路による検出結果に基づいて前記リーク電流を補償する電流を前記ノードN1に流す補償回路と、
を備える容量回路。
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