JP7018011B2 - 水素ステーションの運用方法および水素ステーション - Google Patents
水素ステーションの運用方法および水素ステーション Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7018011B2 JP7018011B2 JP2018229865A JP2018229865A JP7018011B2 JP 7018011 B2 JP7018011 B2 JP 7018011B2 JP 2018229865 A JP2018229865 A JP 2018229865A JP 2018229865 A JP2018229865 A JP 2018229865A JP 7018011 B2 JP7018011 B2 JP 7018011B2
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- storage tank
- liquid
- liquid hydrogen
- amount
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 436
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 352
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 352
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 288
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 90
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
- F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
- F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/04—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring fuels, lubricants or mixed fuels and lubricants
- B67D7/0476—Vapour recovery systems
- B67D7/0478—Vapour recovery systems constructional features or components
- B67D7/048—Vapour flow control means, e.g. valves, pumps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/04—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring fuels, lubricants or mixed fuels and lubricants
- B67D7/0476—Vapour recovery systems
- B67D7/0478—Vapour recovery systems constructional features or components
- B67D7/0492—Vapour storing means, e.g. dedicated ullage spaces, separate tanks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/06—Details or accessories
- B67D7/78—Arrangements of storage tanks, reservoirs or pipe-lines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/06—Details or accessories
- B67D7/80—Arrangements of heating or cooling devices for liquids to be transferred
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
- F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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- F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P90/45—Hydrogen technologies in production processes
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Description
さらに、貯槽への液体水素の補充が必要となる前(貯槽内の液体水素の残量が第2閾値に到達する前)に、貯槽内の圧力を徐々に下げることができる。これにより、貯槽内の液体水素の残量が第2閾値に到達した時点で、貯槽内の圧力が液体水素の補充を行うために十分に下がった状態とすることができるため、速やかに液体水素の補充を行うことができる。
まず、本発明の実施形態1に係る水素ステーション1の構成について、図1を参照して説明する。図1は、水素ステーション1における主要な構成要素を模式的に示している。
最後に、本発明のその他実施形態について説明する。
10 貯槽
11 液体送出弁
12 気化器
14 圧縮機
14A 第1圧縮機
14B 第2圧縮機
15 蓄圧器
15A 第1蓄圧器
15B 第2蓄圧器
15C 第3蓄圧器
16 ディスペンサ
16A 第1ディスペンサ
16B 第2ディスペンサ
16C 第3ディスペンサ
20 ガス化経路
21 ガス化用弁
22 熱交換器
23 熱交換用ライン
24 ガス送出経路
25 ガス送出弁
30 液量検知部
40 第1経路
41 第2経路
50 制御部
L1 液体水素
Claims (8)
- 液体水素を貯留する貯槽と、前記貯槽から供給される前記液体水素をガス化する気化器と、前記気化器でガス化した水素を所定の圧力まで昇圧する圧縮機と、前記貯槽から流出した前記液体水素の少なくとも一部を熱交換器でガス化して前記貯槽に戻すガス化経路と、前記貯槽内のガス化した水素を前記気化器と前記圧縮機との間の経路または前記気化器内に送出するためのガス送出経路と、前記圧縮機で昇圧した水素ガスを貯える蓄圧器と、を備え、前記蓄圧器で貯えた水素ガスをディスペンサを介してタンク搭載装置に充填する水素ステーションにおいて、前記貯槽に前記液体水素を補充する方法であって、
前記貯槽に前記液体水素を補充する前であって前記貯槽内の前記液体水素の残量が第1閾値以下になったときに、前記ガス化経路に配置された弁によって前記ガス化経路を流れる前記液体水素の量を減少させ、前記貯槽内における前記液体水素のガス化量を減少させさらに、前記ガス送出経路に配置された弁によって前記貯槽から前記ガス送出経路を通じて送出される水素ガスの量を増加させることによって前記貯槽内の圧力を下げることにより、前記圧縮機の吸込圧力を下げた運転を行って、前記貯槽内の前記液体水素の残量が前記第1閾値から前記第1閾値よりも小さい第2閾値に到達するまでの間において前記貯槽内の圧力を徐々に下げ、
前記貯槽内の前記液体水素の残量が前記第2閾値に到達したことに基づいて、前記貯槽への前記液体水素の補充を開始することを特徴とする、水素ステーションの運用方法。 - 液体水素を貯留する貯槽と、前記貯槽から供給される前記液体水素をガス化する気化器と、前記気化器でガス化した水素を所定の圧力まで昇圧する圧縮機と、前記貯槽内のガス化した水素を前記気化器と前記圧縮機との間の経路または前記気化器内に送出するためのガス送出経路と、前記圧縮機で昇圧した水素ガスを貯える蓄圧器と、を備え、前記蓄圧器で貯えた水素ガスをディスペンサを介してタンク搭載装置に充填する水素ステーションにおいて、前記貯槽に前記液体水素を補充する方法であって、
前記貯槽に前記液体水素を補充する前であって前記貯槽内の前記液体水素の残量が第1閾値以下になったときに、前記ガス送出経路に配置された弁によって前記貯槽から前記ガス送出経路を通じて送出される水素ガスの量を増加させることによって前記貯槽内の圧力を下げることにより、前記圧縮機の吸込圧力を下げた運転を行って、前記貯槽内の前記液体水素の残量が前記第1閾値から前記第1閾値よりも小さい第2閾値に到達するまでの間において前記貯槽内の圧力を徐々に下げ、
前記貯槽内の前記液体水素の残量が前記第2閾値に到達したことに基づいて、前記貯槽への前記液体水素の補充を開始することを特徴とする、水素ステーションの運用方法。 - 前記タンク搭載装置が燃料電池フォークリフト又は燃料電池自動車であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の水素ステーションの運用方法。
- 前記水素ステーションには、前記燃料電池フォークリフト及び前記燃料電池自動車のそれぞれに水素ガスを充填可能なように複数の前記ディスペンサが設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の水素ステーションの運用方法。
- 液体水素を貯留する貯槽と、
前記貯槽から供給される前記液体水素をガス化する気化器と、
前記気化器でガス化した水素を所定の圧力まで昇圧する圧縮機と、
前記貯槽から流出した前記液体水素の少なくとも一部を熱交換器でガス化して前記貯槽に戻すガス化経路と、
前記ガス化経路に配置され、前記ガス化経路を流れる前記液体水素の量を調整するガス化用弁と、
前記貯槽内のガス化した水素を前記気化器と前記圧縮機との間の経路、または、前記気化器内に送出するためのガス送出経路と
前記圧縮機で昇圧した水素ガスを貯える蓄圧器と、
前記貯槽内の前記液体水素の残量を検知する液量検知部と、
前記液量検知部により検知された前記貯槽内の前記液体水素の残量が第1閾値以下になったときに、前記ガス化経路を流れる前記液体水素の量を減少させて前記貯槽内における前記液体水素のガス化量を減少させるように前記ガス化用弁を制御し、さらに、前記貯槽から前記ガス送出経路を通じて送出される水素ガスの量を増加させるように前記ガス送出経路に配置された弁を制御する制御部と、を備えることを特徴とする、水素ステーション。 - 液体水素を貯留する貯槽と、
前記貯槽から供給される前記液体水素をガス化する気化器と、
前記気化器でガス化した水素を所定の圧力まで昇圧する圧縮機と、
ガス化用弁が配置され、前記貯槽から流出した前記液体水素の少なくとも一部を熱交換器でガス化して前記貯槽に戻すガス化経路と、
前記貯槽内のガス化した水素を、前記気化器と前記圧縮機との間の経路、または、前記気化器内に送出するためのガス送出経路と、
前記ガス送出経路に配置され、前記ガス送出経路を流れる水素ガスの量を調整するガス送出弁と、
前記圧縮機で昇圧した水素ガスを貯える蓄圧器と、
前記貯槽内の前記液体水素の残量を検知する液量検知部と、
前記液量検知部により検知された前記貯槽内の前記液体水素の残量が第1閾値以下になったときに、前記ガス送出経路を流れる水素ガスの量が増加するように、前記ガス送出弁を制御する制御部と、を備え、
前記制御部は、前記液量検知部により検知された前記貯槽内の前記液体水素の残量が、前記第1閾値から前記第1閾値よりも小さい値であって前記液体水素の補充が必要となる第2閾値に到達するまでの間において、前記貯槽内の圧力が徐々に下がるように前記ガス化用弁を制御することを特徴とする、水素ステーション。 - 前記制御部は、前記液量検知部により検知された前記貯槽内の前記液体水素の残量が、前記第1閾値から前記第1閾値よりも小さい値であって前記液体水素の補充が必要となる第2閾値に到達するまでの間において、前記貯槽内の圧力が徐々に下がるように前記ガス化用弁を制御することを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の水素ステーション。
- 前記蓄圧器で貯えた水素ガスをタンク搭載装置に充填するディスペンサであって、前記タンク搭載装置である燃料電池フォークリフト及び燃料電池自動車のそれぞれに水素ガスを充填可能なように複数設けられた前記ディスペンサをさらに備えることを特徴とする、請求項5~7の何れか1項に記載の水素ステーション。
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