JP7016611B2 - 導電性粒子、導電材料、および接続構造体 - Google Patents
導電性粒子、導電材料、および接続構造体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7016611B2 JP7016611B2 JP2016561027A JP2016561027A JP7016611B2 JP 7016611 B2 JP7016611 B2 JP 7016611B2 JP 2016561027 A JP2016561027 A JP 2016561027A JP 2016561027 A JP2016561027 A JP 2016561027A JP 7016611 B2 JP7016611 B2 JP 7016611B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- resin
- conductive
- conductive particles
- inorganic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims description 437
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 40
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 200
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 200
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 93
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 93
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 44
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 33
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 33
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 31
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 25
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 20
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 13
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 11
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 10
- 125000003647 acryloyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 7
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000992 sputter etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000468 styrene butadiene styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002518 Polyallylamine hydrochloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RMKZLFMHXZAGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [dimethoxy(propyl)silyl]oxymethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OCOC(=O)C=C RMKZLFMHXZAGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005370 alkoxysilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RJTANRZEWTUVMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound [B].CNC RJTANRZEWTUVMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 2
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013034 phenoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006287 phenoxy resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000447 polyanionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002717 polyvinylpyridine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000007870 radical polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N (+)-borneol Chemical group C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVGRCEFMXPHEBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxypropane Chemical compound CCCOC=C OVGRCEFMXPHEBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003504 2-oxazolinyl group Chemical group O1C(=NCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- ATVJXMYDOSMEPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-prop-2-enoxyprop-1-ene Chemical compound C=CCOCC=C ATVJXMYDOSMEPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GFLJTEHFZZNCTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-prop-2-enoyloxypropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCCOC(=O)C=C GFLJTEHFZZNCTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDQWJFXZTAWJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-triethoxysilylpropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOC(=O)C=C XDQWJFXZTAWJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorobutane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CCCBr DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(C2=NNN=N2)=C1 KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEIQOMCWGDNMHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 FEIQOMCWGDNMHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004641 Diallyl-phthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000583 Nd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002319 Poly(methyl acrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930182556 Polyacetal Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920001283 Polyalkylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108010039918 Polylysine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LXEKPEMOWBOYRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-[(1-azaniumyl-1-imino-2-methylpropan-2-yl)diazenyl]-2-methylpropanimidoyl]azanium;dichloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.NC(=N)C(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C(N)=N LXEKPEMOWBOYRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCEUXSAXTBNJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].[Sn] Chemical compound [Ag].[Sn] QCEUXSAXTBNJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLXNZDBHNLWCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Pb].[Sn].[Ag] Chemical compound [Pb].[Sn].[Ag] OLXNZDBHNLWCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NOZAQBYNLKNDRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [diacetyloxy(ethenyl)silyl] acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Si](OC(C)=O)(OC(C)=O)C=C NOZAQBYNLKNDRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001893 acrylonitrile styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004520 agglutination Effects 0.000 description 1
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005619 boric acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004067 bulking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC=C MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC=C GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFSIMBWBBOJPJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC=C AFSIMBWBBOJPJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MABAWBWRUSBLKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl-tri(propan-2-yloxy)silane Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)C=C MABAWBWRUSBLKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Substances CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006226 ethylene-acrylic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene Chemical compound FC=C XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSYLJRIXVZCQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 MSYLJRIXVZCQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052588 hydroxylapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQBJWKCYZGMFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Pb] LQBJWKCYZGMFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005641 methacryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;hydroxide;triphosphate Chemical compound [OH-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 125000006340 pentafluoro ethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001490 poly(butyl methacrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000371 poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001483 poly(ethyl methacrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000656 polylysine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000346 polystyrene-polyisoprene block-polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enenitrile;styrene Chemical compound C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical group O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910001379 sodium hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tungstate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006132 styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 229910000597 tin-copper alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- JRSJRHKJPOJTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(2-phenylethenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 JRSJRHKJPOJTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRPURDFRFHUDSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OCC=C)C(C(=O)OCC=C)=C1 GRPURDFRFHUDSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006163 vinyl copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
- H01B5/16—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive material in insulating or poorly conductive material, e.g. conductive rubber
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R11/00—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts
- H01R11/01—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts characterised by the form or arrangement of the conductive interconnection between the connecting locations
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Non-Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Description
項1.基材粒子と、該基材粒子の表面を覆う金属層とを有してなる導電性粒子であって、
前記金属層の表面は、樹脂及び無機材料で被覆されている、導電性粒子。
項2.前記樹脂は樹脂粒子を含む、上記項1に記載の導電性粒子。
項3.前記無機材料は無機粒子を含む、上記項1又は2に記載の導電性粒子。
項4.前記樹脂は樹脂粒子を含み、前記無機材料は無機粒子を含み、前記樹脂粒子に対する前記無機粒子の平均粒子径の比が1/50以上、1以下である、上記項1に記載の導電性粒子。
項5.前記無機粒子の被覆率が80%以上である、上記項3又は4に記載の導電性粒子。
項6.前記金属層の表面には前記樹脂で被覆されてなる樹脂層が形成されており、この樹脂層の表面には前記無機材料で被覆されてなる無機層が形成されている、上記項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の導電性粒子。
項7.上記項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の導電性粒子と、バインダー樹脂とを含む、導電材料。
項8.第1の電極を表面に有する第1の接続対象部材と、
第2の電極を表面に有する第2の接続対象部材と、
前記第1の接続対象部材と前記第2の接続対象部材とを接続している接続部とを備え、
前記接続部の材料が、上記項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の導電性粒子又は上記項7に記載の導電材料を含み、
前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極とが前記導電性粒子又は前記導電材料により電気的に接続されている、接続構造体。
粒子径のCV値(%)=粒子径の標準偏差/平均粒子径×100
粒子径分布は、導電性粒子における導電部を被覆する前は粒度分布計等で測定可能であり、被覆した後はSEM写真の画像解析等で測定可能である。
K値(N/mm2)=(3/21/2)・F・S-3/2・R-1/2
F:導電性粒子が10%圧縮変形したときの荷重値(N)
S:導電性粒子が10%圧縮変形したときの圧縮変位(mm)
R:導電性粒子の半径(mm)
回復率は、上記と同様の装置において、粒子1個に対して最大試験荷重10mNを付加した後、荷重を除荷する。この時の圧縮変位L1(mm)と回復変位L2(mm)を測定する。得られた測定値から下記の計算式で求めることができる。
回復率(%)=(L2/L1)×100
上記導電性粒子は、バインダー樹脂中に分散され、導電材料をとして用いられることが好ましい。上記導電材料は、異方性導電材料であることが好ましい。上記導電材料は、電極の電気的な接続に好適に用いられる。上記導電材料は、回路接続材料であることが好ましい。
上述した導電性粒子を用いて、又は上述した導電性粒子とバインダー樹脂とを含む導電材料を用いて、接続対象部材を接続することにより、接続構造体を得ることができる。
金属層の形成
基材粒子として、粒子径が3.0μmであるジビニルベンゼン共重合体樹脂粒子(積水化学工業社製「ミクロパールSP-203」)を用意した。パラジウム触媒液を5重量%含むアルカリ溶液100重量部に、上記樹脂粒子10重量部を、超音波分散器を用いて分散させた後、溶液をろ過することにより、樹脂粒子を取り出した。次いで、樹脂粒子をジメチルアミンボラン1重量%溶液100重量部に添加し、樹脂粒子の表面を活性化させた。表面が活性化された樹脂粒子を十分に水洗した後、蒸留水500重量部に加え、分散させることにより、懸濁液を得た。次に、金属ニッケル粒子スラリー(平均粒子径100nm)1gを3分間かけて上記分散液に添加し、芯物質が付着された基材粒子を得た。芯物質が付着された基材粒子を蒸留水500重量部に加え、分散させることにより、懸濁液を得た。
4ツ口セパラブルカバー、攪拌翼、三方コック、冷却管及び温度プローブが取り付けられた1000mLのセパラブルフラスコに、メタクリル酸メチル100mmolと、ジメタクリル酸エチレングリコール13mmol、N,N,N-トリメチル-N-2-メタクリロイルオキシエチルアンモニウムクロライド1mmolと、2,2’-アゾビス(2-アミジノプロパン)二塩酸塩1mmolとを含むモノマー組成物を固形分率が5重量%となるようにイオン交換水に秤取した後、200rpmで攪拌し、窒素雰囲気下70℃で24時間重合を行った。反応終了後、凍結乾燥して、平均粒子径250nm及びCV値10%の絶縁性樹脂粒子を得た。絶縁性樹脂粒子を超音波照射下でイオン交換水に分散させ、絶縁性樹脂粒子の10重量%水分散液を得た。
日本アエロジル社製 アエロジル50(平均粒径30nm)を使用した。
上記のように得られた金属層が配置された基材粒子10gをイオン交換水500mLに分散させ、絶縁性樹脂粒子の水分散液4gを添加し、室温で6時間攪拌した。0.3μmのメッシュフィルターでろ過した後、更にメタノールで洗浄し、乾燥し、絶縁性樹脂粒子が付着した導電性粒子を得た。絶縁性樹脂粒子は粒子表面の40%に被覆されていた。
基材粒子の平均粒子径、絶縁性樹脂粒子及び絶縁性無機粒子の平均粒子径、並びに、被覆量を後掲の表1のように変更した事以外は実施例1と同様にして導電性粒子を作製した。
樹脂粒子の作製時にメタクリル酸メチル100mmolをイソブチルメタクリレート150mmolに変更した事以外は実施例1と同様にして導電性粒子を作製した。
無機粒子を日本アエロジル社製酸化アルミニウムC(平均粒径13nm)に変更した事以外は実施例1と同様にして導電性粒子を作製した。
実施例1で得られた導電性粒子および絶縁性樹脂粒子、無機粒子を準備した。導電性粒子10重量部と絶縁性樹脂粒子10重量部を混合してからハイブリタイザー(奈良機械社製)に投入し1時間処理を行うことで導電性粒子表面に約100nmの厚みの樹脂層が被覆された導電性粒子を得た。次いで無機粒子15重量部を混合してからハイブリタイザーに投入し30分間処理を行うことで、無機粒子が樹脂層上に均一に被覆した、導電性粒子を得た。
実施例1の金属層の形成時に金属ニッケル粒子スラリーを添加せず、芯物質が付着されていない基材粒子を使用することで、樹脂粒子の表面に突起を有さないニッケル導電層(金属層)が配置された基材粒子を得たこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして導電性粒子を得た。
無機粒子を被覆しなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様に導電性粒子を得た。
樹脂粒子を被覆しなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様に導電性粒子を得た。
樹脂粒子及び無機粒子のいずれも被覆しなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様に導電性粒子を得た。
(1)被覆率
ここでいう被覆率は、導電性粒子の表面積全体に対して、絶縁層により被覆されている部分の合計面積が占める割合を示す。具体的には、上述のようにSEMでの観察により、20個の絶縁層被覆導電性粒子を観察し、各々の導電性粒子の表面積全体に占める絶縁層により被覆されている部分の合計投影面積の割合を被覆率として算出した。そして、20個の被覆率の平均値を絶縁層被覆導電性粒子の被覆率とした。
得られた導電性粒子の上記圧縮弾性率(10%K値)を、上述した方法により、微小圧縮試験機(フィッシャー社製「フィッシャースコープH-100」)を用いて測定した。
得られた導電性粒子の回復率を、上述した方法により、微小圧縮試験機(フィッシャー社製「フィッシャースコープH-100」)を用いて測定した。
フェノキシ樹脂(ユニオンカーバイド社製「PKHC」)50重量部とPGMEA30重量部とトルエン20重量部を24時間撹拌混合し、フェノキシ樹脂を完全に溶解した。得られた溶解樹脂10重量部に、導電性粒子を0.05重量部投入して遊星式攪拌機で撹拌し、樹脂組成物を得た。得られた樹脂組成物を剥離処理されたポリエチレンテレフタレート上に塗布し、溶媒を乾燥させて、厚みが10μmである異方性導電フィルムを得た。得られたフィルムを光学顕微鏡で観察し、導電性粒子100万個相当分を観察した時に、単分散ではない、すなわち、凝集している粒子の個数をカウントした。
[単分散性の判定基準]
○○○:凝集粒子が3個未満である。
○○:凝集粒子が3個以上、10個未満である。
○:凝集粒子が10個以上、20個未満である。
△:凝集粒子が20個以上、30個未満である。
×:凝集粒子が30個以上である。
得られた絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子を含有量が10重量%となるように、三井化学社製「ストラクトボンドXN-5A」に添加し、遊星式攪拌機を使って分散させ、異方性導電ペーストを得た。
[導通性の判定基準]
○○○:抵抗値が3Ω以下の接続構造体の個数の割合が90%以上である。
○○:抵抗値が3Ω以下の接続構造体の個数の割合が80%以上、90%未満である。
○:抵抗値が3Ω以下の接続構造体の個数の割合が70%以上、80%未満である。
△:抵抗値が3Ω以下の接続構造体の個数の割合が60%以上、70%未満である。
×:抵抗値が3Ω以下の接続構造体の個数の割合が60%未満である。
上記(5)導通性の評価で得られた20個の接続構造体において、隣接する電極間のリークの有無を、テスターで抵抗を測定することにより評価した。絶縁性を下記の基準で判定した。
[絶縁性の判定基準]
○○○:抵抗値が108Ω以上の接続構造体の個数の割合が90%以上である。
○○:抵抗値が108Ω以上の接続構造体の個数の割合が80%以上、90%未満である。
○:抵抗値が108Ω以上の接続構造体の個数の割合が70%以上、80%未満である。
△:抵抗値が108Ω以上の接続構造体の個数の割合が60%以上、70%未満である。
×:抵抗値が108Ω以上の接続構造体の個数の割合が60%未満である。
Claims (6)
- 基材粒子と、該基材粒子の表面を覆う金属層とを有してなる導電性粒子であって、
前記金属層の表面は、樹脂及び無機材料で被覆されており、
前記無機材料は無機粒子を含み、前記導電性粒子に対する前記無機粒子の被覆率が80%以上であり、かつ、
前記導電性粒子の10%圧縮時の応力(10%K値)が3000N/mm2以上である、導電性粒子。 - 前記樹脂は樹脂粒子を含む、請求項1に記載の導電性粒子。
- 前記樹脂は樹脂粒子を含み、前記樹脂粒子に対する前記無機粒子の平均粒子径の比が1/50以上、1以下である、請求項1に記載の導電性粒子。
- 前記金属層の表面には前記樹脂で被覆されてなる樹脂層が形成されており、この樹脂層の表面には前記無機材料で被覆されてなる無機層が形成されている、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の導電性粒子。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の導電性粒子と、バインダー樹脂とを含む、導電材料。
- 第1の電極を表面に有する第1の接続対象部材と、
第2の電極を表面に有する第2の接続対象部材と、
前記第1の接続対象部材と前記第2の接続対象部材とを接続している接続部とを備え、
前記接続部の材料が、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の導電性粒子又は請求項5に記載の導電材料を含み、
前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極とが前記導電性粒子又は前記導電材料により電気的に接続されている、接続構造体。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015186944 | 2015-09-24 | ||
JP2015186944 | 2015-09-24 | ||
PCT/JP2016/077952 WO2017051842A1 (ja) | 2015-09-24 | 2016-09-23 | 導電性粒子、導電材料、および接続構造体 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2020140798A Division JP7036872B2 (ja) | 2015-09-24 | 2020-08-24 | 導電性粒子、導電材料、および接続構造体 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPWO2017051842A1 JPWO2017051842A1 (ja) | 2018-07-12 |
JP7016611B2 true JP7016611B2 (ja) | 2022-02-07 |
Family
ID=58386692
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2016561027A Active JP7016611B2 (ja) | 2015-09-24 | 2016-09-23 | 導電性粒子、導電材料、および接続構造体 |
JP2020140798A Active JP7036872B2 (ja) | 2015-09-24 | 2020-08-24 | 導電性粒子、導電材料、および接続構造体 |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2020140798A Active JP7036872B2 (ja) | 2015-09-24 | 2020-08-24 | 導電性粒子、導電材料、および接続構造体 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (2) | JP7016611B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102624796B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN107615403B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI735465B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2017051842A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112740338B (zh) * | 2018-11-07 | 2022-09-06 | 日本化学工业株式会社 | 包覆颗粒和包含其的导电性材料、和包覆颗粒的制造方法 |
CN115298231A (zh) * | 2020-03-26 | 2022-11-04 | 积水化学工业株式会社 | 树脂粒子、导电性粒子、导电材料和连接结构体 |
JP2023131554A (ja) * | 2022-03-09 | 2023-09-22 | 株式会社レゾナック | 導電粒子、回路接続用接着フィルム及びその製造方法、並びに、接続構造体及びその製造方法 |
JP2023131379A (ja) * | 2022-03-09 | 2023-09-22 | 株式会社レゾナック | 導電粒子、回路接続用接着フィルム及びその製造方法、並びに、接続構造体及びその製造方法 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011029180A (ja) | 2009-07-02 | 2011-02-10 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | 被覆導電粒子 |
JP2012234821A (ja) | 2010-07-28 | 2012-11-29 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子及び接続構造体 |
JP2014225440A (ja) | 2013-04-16 | 2014-12-04 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 光硬化性導電材料用導電性粒子、光硬化性導電材料、接続構造体の製造方法及び接続構造体 |
JP2014241276A (ja) | 2013-05-16 | 2014-12-25 | 日立化成株式会社 | 導電粒子、絶縁被覆導電粒子、異方導電性接着剤及び導電粒子の製造方法 |
JP2015028923A (ja) | 2013-06-27 | 2015-02-12 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100722493B1 (ko) * | 2005-09-02 | 2007-05-28 | 제일모직주식회사 | 절연 전도성 미립자 및 이를 이용한 이방 전도성 접착필름 |
CN102474024B (zh) * | 2009-07-02 | 2014-09-17 | 日立化成株式会社 | 导电粒子 |
WO2013108740A1 (ja) * | 2012-01-19 | 2013-07-25 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 |
JP6151990B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-03 | 2017-06-21 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 |
WO2014054572A1 (ja) * | 2012-10-02 | 2014-04-10 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 |
KR102095291B1 (ko) * | 2012-11-28 | 2020-03-31 | 세키스이가가쿠 고교가부시키가이샤 | 절연성 입자 부착 도전성 입자, 도전 재료 및 접속 구조체 |
JP6577698B2 (ja) | 2013-05-14 | 2019-09-18 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 導電フィルム及び接続構造体 |
JP6431411B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-10 | 2018-11-28 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 |
-
2016
- 2016-09-23 TW TW105131167A patent/TWI735465B/zh active
- 2016-09-23 WO PCT/JP2016/077952 patent/WO2017051842A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2016-09-23 CN CN201680031432.6A patent/CN107615403B/zh active Active
- 2016-09-23 JP JP2016561027A patent/JP7016611B2/ja active Active
- 2016-09-23 KR KR1020177031668A patent/KR102624796B1/ko active IP Right Grant
-
2020
- 2020-08-24 JP JP2020140798A patent/JP7036872B2/ja active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011029180A (ja) | 2009-07-02 | 2011-02-10 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | 被覆導電粒子 |
JP2012234821A (ja) | 2010-07-28 | 2012-11-29 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子及び接続構造体 |
JP2014225440A (ja) | 2013-04-16 | 2014-12-04 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 光硬化性導電材料用導電性粒子、光硬化性導電材料、接続構造体の製造方法及び接続構造体 |
JP2014241276A (ja) | 2013-05-16 | 2014-12-25 | 日立化成株式会社 | 導電粒子、絶縁被覆導電粒子、異方導電性接着剤及び導電粒子の製造方法 |
JP2015028923A (ja) | 2013-06-27 | 2015-02-12 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2017051842A1 (ja) | 2017-03-30 |
CN107615403A (zh) | 2018-01-19 |
JPWO2017051842A1 (ja) | 2018-07-12 |
JP2020194794A (ja) | 2020-12-03 |
CN107615403B (zh) | 2021-12-24 |
KR20180059392A (ko) | 2018-06-04 |
TWI735465B (zh) | 2021-08-11 |
TW201719679A (zh) | 2017-06-01 |
KR102624796B1 (ko) | 2024-01-12 |
JP7036872B2 (ja) | 2022-03-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP7036872B2 (ja) | 導電性粒子、導電材料、および接続構造体 | |
JP6475805B2 (ja) | 絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 | |
WO2013094636A1 (ja) | 導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 | |
WO2013015304A1 (ja) | 導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 | |
TWI820157B (zh) | 導電性粒子、導電材料及連接構造體 | |
JP6276351B2 (ja) | 導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 | |
JP6577698B2 (ja) | 導電フィルム及び接続構造体 | |
JP5530571B1 (ja) | 絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 | |
JP6431411B2 (ja) | 絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 | |
JP6151990B2 (ja) | 絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 | |
JP2014026971A (ja) | 導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 | |
JP6478308B2 (ja) | 導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 | |
JP6577723B2 (ja) | 絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 | |
JP6888903B2 (ja) | 導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 | |
JP6441555B2 (ja) | 導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 | |
JP7132274B2 (ja) | 導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 | |
JP7132112B2 (ja) | 導電フィルム及び接続構造体 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20190415 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20200114 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20200312 |
|
A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20200526 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20200824 |
|
C60 | Trial request (containing other claim documents, opposition documents) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C60 Effective date: 20200824 |
|
A911 | Transfer to examiner for re-examination before appeal (zenchi) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911 Effective date: 20200901 |
|
C21 | Notice of transfer of a case for reconsideration by examiners before appeal proceedings |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C21 Effective date: 20200908 |
|
A912 | Re-examination (zenchi) completed and case transferred to appeal board |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A912 Effective date: 20200925 |
|
C211 | Notice of termination of reconsideration by examiners before appeal proceedings |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C211 Effective date: 20200929 |
|
C22 | Notice of designation (change) of administrative judge |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C22 Effective date: 20210511 |
|
C22 | Notice of designation (change) of administrative judge |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C22 Effective date: 20210608 |
|
C22 | Notice of designation (change) of administrative judge |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C22 Effective date: 20210928 |
|
C23 | Notice of termination of proceedings |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C23 Effective date: 20211124 |
|
C03 | Trial/appeal decision taken |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C03 Effective date: 20220104 |
|
C30A | Notification sent |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C3012 Effective date: 20220104 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20220126 |