JP6991148B2 - セレクチン標的化のための組み換えキメラタンパク質 - Google Patents
セレクチン標的化のための組み換えキメラタンパク質 Download PDFInfo
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- 125000005208 trialkylammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001947 tripalmitin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002211 ultraviolet spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000005166 vasculature Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N vitamin D3 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
P-セレクチン糖タンパク質リガンド-1(PSGL-1)は、生理学的血流下で活性化された内皮細胞上の細胞テザリングおよびローリングを仲介する白血球接着分子である。この活性は、白血球溢出における重要な最初のステップである。PSGL-1は、P-セレクチンに関するリガンドとして初めに同定されて、後の研究により、PSGL-1は、E-セレクチンおよびL-セレクチンに関するリガンドでもあることが明らかにされた(例えば、米国特許第6,277,975号を参照)。
(X1)n-C(X2)m-(X3)
によって定義されるアミノ酸配列を含み、ここで:
-X1、X2は、システイン(Cys)を除く任意のアミノ酸またはアミノ酸配列を表わし、
-Cは、Cysであり、
-X3は、任意のアミノ酸であり、および
-n、mは、1~6からなる整数である、
または、好ましくは(配列番号20)である。
別段の提示がない限り、本発明が言及するヒトPSGL-1のアミノ酸およびヌクレオチド配列は、GenBankアクセッション番号Q14242.1によって同定される。このアクセッション番号は、機能性ドメイン、例えば、aa1~17からなるPSGL-1のシグナルペプチド領域、aa18~41からなるプロ-ペプチド領域も同定し、それは、aa42の成熟タンパク質のスタート(配列番号11のaa1に対応)、N-およびO-グリコシル化部位および硫酸化部位を同定する。
-哺乳類から単離されて、ヒトNRLタンパク質のフラグメント187~208と≧90%の相同性の程度を共有する、神経網膜特異的なロイシンジッパータンパク質フラグメント、さらにより好ましくは、マウスNRL(Q543Y0)またはヒトNRLのロイシンジッパードメイン、アイソフォーム(isophorm)2(P54845-2)またはウシタンパク質F1N4J1
からなる群において選択される。
本発明は、セレクチン結合ドメインおよび非共有結合の二量体化ドメインを含む組み換えPSGL-1キメラタンパク質を言及し、それはロイシンジッパーであり、より好ましくは、ヒトまたはマウス神経網膜特異的なロイシンジッパーのロイシンジッパードメインであり、好ましくは、NP_006168.1(配列番号12)の少なくとも領域187~208、または、より好ましくは、配列番号12の少なくとも領域181~215に対応する。あるいは、非共有結合二量体化ドメインは、ヒトNRLタンパク質のフラグメント187~208と≧90%のホモロジーの程度を共有し、さらにより好ましくは、マウスNRL(Q543Y0)またはヒトNRLのロイシンジッパードメイン、アイソフォーム2(P54845-2)またはウシタンパク質F1N4J1である。
-以下に定義される少なくともシステインを含む共有結合の二量体化ドメイン(好ましくは、ヒトIgG1のFcまたはCH3ドメインの代わりに、NRLロイシンジッパーのような非共有結合の二量体化ドメイン(または安定化ドメイン)が後に続き、またはあるいは先行し、およびインフレームで融合される);
-任意選択でおよび好ましくは、C末端において連結される基または部分との任意の立体障害を避けるための、C末端におけるスペーサー、および
-成熟キメラタンパク質において切断されるのに適切であり、好ましくは内因性PSGL-1シグナルおよびプロ-ペプチド配列ではない、キメラタンパク質のN末端における分泌のためのシグナルペプチド
と、インフレームで融合されている。
(X1)n-C(X2)m-(X3)
であり、
ここで、X1およびX2は、Cysを除く任意のアミノ酸またはアミノ酸配列を表わし;Cは、システインであり、X3は、任意のアミノ酸であり、nおよびmは1~6からなる整数である。X1は、好ましくは、プロリン、ヒスチジンまたはトレオニンを含み;さらにより好ましくは、プロリンおよびヒスチジンまたはヒスチジンおよびトレオニンまたはプロリンおよびトレオニンを含む。好ましい実施態様によれば、X1は、プロリン、ヒスチジンおよびトレオニンを、好ましくはこの順序で含み、nは、最大で5である。X2は、Cysを除く任意のアミノ酸またはアミノ酸配列であり、好ましくはプロリンを含む。好ましくは、X2は、Pro-Proであり;X3は、好ましくはシステインであり、少なくともプロリンを含む。より好ましくは、システインを保有する領域は、IgG1ヒンジ領域、またはその機能性フラグメントである。好ましいジスルフィド結合促進領域は、PHTCPPCP(配列番号20)である。
・リーダーペプチドの正確な除去が確認される;
・PSGL変異体1A糖タンパク質のN末端構造は、主にピログルタミン酸形状のpQATEYEYLである。実際に、Asp N消化酵素の使用は、N末端Gln環化の検出を可能にして、そのプロセスによって、Gln残基はN末端に存在し、自然に起こる環化を受けてピログルタミン酸を形成する傾向がある;
・PSGL変異体1Aの二量体特性は、還元および非還元条件下でのゲル電気泳動および酵素消化後のLC-MSを用いたフラグメント特性化によって確認されている。実験的データは、PSGL変異体-1Aは、完全にその二量体形態であり得ることを示す;
・Thr16上のO-グリカン部分の存在が確認されて、その構造が同定されている。予測されたシアリル-ルイス-Xモチーフ、N-アセチルガラクトサミン、N-アセチルグルコサミン、ガラクトース、フコースおよびシアル酸を含むCore2構造は、実験的部分により詳述されるように、示されている;
・L-およびP-セレクチンの両方への結合に重要な成熟タンパク質の残基Y5、Y7およびY10の硫酸化も確認されている。糖タンパク質硫酸化のモニタリングは、質量分析によって行われた。当業者に知られているように、この標的キメラタンパク質において示されたチロシン5、7および10の硫酸化は、PSGL-1および変異体1A生物活性に極めて重要である。
-成熟PSGL-1タンパク質(配列番号11)のN末端におけるアミノ酸1~47;
-上記に定義される、式:(X1)n-C(X2)m-(X3)、より好ましくは配列番号20とのジスルフィド架橋に適切なシステインを含むまたはからなる、少なくともアミノ酸配列;
-NRL(配列番号12)の少なくともaa181-215;
-任意選択で、少なくとも1つまたは複数のGlyおよび/またはAla、および、好ましくは、C末端またはより好ましくは最後から2番目の位置におけるLysまたはCysのようなアミノ酸を保有する、15aaまでの長さのアミノ酸スペーサー。より好ましくは、そのようなスペーサーは、4、5、6、7、8、9または10グリシンで構成されるポリ-グリシンであり、好ましくは、少なくともアラニンを含んで埋め込んでいて、より好ましくは、さらなる化学的コンジュゲーションのために最後から2番目の位置にリジンをさらに含む。さらにより好ましくは、アミノ酸スペーサーは、配列番号17である。したがって、特に好ましい実施態様では、キメラタンパク質は、配列番号37を有し、ここで、成熟タンパク質において切断されるシグナルペプチドは、まだ表わされている。翻訳後に修飾されて、キメラ標的タンパク質単量体は、好ましい実施態様として配列番号38に示される。
-上記に十分に定義される、セレクチン結合、
-共有結合二量体化(すなわち、Cysは、隣接領域を有するモチーフを含む)、
-好ましくは最後または最後から2番目の位置(すなわちLysまたはCys)において、キメラタンパク質をコンジュゲートするための残基(単数または複数)を好ましくは含む、非共有結合二量体化(すなわち、モチーフは、少なくともNRL aa187~208を含む)
に必須のモチーフまたは領域を有するキメラ変異タンパク質の一般式も、配列番号39に報告されている。
本発明のキメラタンパク質は、それに連結された診断的および治療的に活性の部分を、セレクチンを発現している組織、細胞または臓器に標的化するために用いられる。PSGL-1領域またはそのフラグメントによって提供されるキメラタンパク質の特異性は、正しく翻訳後修飾された場合、セレクチンを標的化する(Liu et al.J.Biol.Chem.,1998,273:7078-7087)。この発現系において、標的に対する結合強度は、非常に独特な二次構造によって与えられるロイシンジッパーのような非共有結合二量体化ドメインの存在によって変更されないことが確認されている。
本発明のキメラタンパク質のコンジュゲートの調製は、通常、化学的手段によって行なわれる。
微小胞
特に超音波造影に有用な造影剤のクラスは、水性媒体中に分散されたナノ-および/またはマイクロ-メートルサイズの気泡の懸濁液を含む。特定の興味は、例えば、乳化剤、油、増粘剤または糖類を用いることによって、または、ガスまたはその前駆体を様々な系で捕捉または封入することによって、気泡が安定化される調製である。これらの安定化された気泡は、当該分野において様々な専門用語によって一般に言及されて、典型的に、それらの調製に用いられる安定化材料に依存して;これらの用語は、例えば、「マイクロスフェア」、「微小気泡」、「マイクロカプセル」または「マイクロバルーン」を含む。本明細書において用いられる用語「ガス充填微小胞」、または短く「微小胞」は、任意の上記の専門用語を含む。
本発明の好ましい実施態様によれば、ガス充填微小胞は、セレクチン標的化リガンドとして、本発明のキメラタンパク質と共有結合された脂質またはリン脂質によって調製されて、好ましくは微小気泡である。微小気泡によって、我々は、水性担体内に懸濁された気泡を指し、それは、気体-液体界面において、安定した両親媒性材料による薄膜(フィルム)を保有する。ガス微小気泡の水性懸濁液の例は、例えば、US5,271,928、US5,445,813、US5,413,774、US5,556,610、5,597,549、US5,827,504およびWO04/069284に開示される。また、用語は、凍結乾燥または噴霧乾燥された構成要素(好ましくはリン脂質含む)分散の形態での微小気泡の前駆体を含む。
イメージングプローブまたは放射性治療エフェクターのいずれかであってよい金属イオンを本発明のキメラタンパク質のような生体分子に連結する最も信頼性があり最も頻繁に適用される方法は、生体分子に共有結合するために金属キレートケージおよび反応基を保有する二官能性キレート剤を用いる。
本発明の別の実施態様では、本発明のセレクチン標的化キメラタンパク質が連結される部分は、放射性イメージング(診断的)または放射線療法(治療的適用)のための、放射性核種である。
ここで、上記の式a)およびb)において、Rは、アルキル、好ましくはメチルである。
本発明のさらなる実施態様では、融合タンパク質は、PETイメージングでの使用のために、標識糖部分に連結される。
一部の実施態様では、光学イメージング剤は、本発明のキメラタンパク質にコンジュゲートされる。光学イメージング剤の中で、インビボ、エクスビボでおよびインビトロでのイメージング適用のための蛍光色素が当業者によく知られていて、インビボ蛍光イメージングに最適な広範な蛍光色素が開発されていて、市販もされている。これらの試薬は、異なる程度まで、蛍光発色団の組織透過性の深さ、光散乱および蛍光放射特性を最大化して、最適な信号-ノイズ比を提供する。一般に、光の吸収および散乱は、波長;約700nmよりも下、が増大するにつれて低減して、これらの効果は、数ミリメートルの浅い透過性の深さをもたらし、一方で、900nmよりも上では、水の吸収は、信号-ノイズ比に干渉し得る。したがって、近赤外線(NIR)領域(700~900nm)に励起/放射を有する蛍光色素は、これまで主に、小動物および潜在的にヒトにおけるインビボイメージングに活用されている。
上述の標的化診断薬は、インビボおよびエクスビボでのイメージングに特に有用である。本発明のキメラ標的化タンパク質は、本発明のキメラ標的化タンパク質が任意選択でイメージング剤と関連して用いられて、エクスビボおよび/またはインビボで、治療的化合物、すなわち、セレクチンを発現している細胞、組織または臓器に対して生物学的効果を発揮することが可能または発揮する要因となる分子を送達する、患者における疾患の治療のための任意の方法を含む、治療的目的のためにさらに用いられ得る。
本発明は、予想される使用に従ってコンジュゲートまたは改変された、上記に開示したキメラタンパク質を含む医薬組成物をさらに含み、それは、局所的に、または非経口的に投与され得て、鼻腔内、皮下、筋肉内、静脈内、動脈内、関節内、または病巣内投与を含む。通常、静脈内(i.v.)、動脈内、関節内、心臓内投与が好ましい。
実施例1:フラグ付き組み換え融合タンパク質の調製および発現
多くのDNA構築物が調製された:
PSGL変異体1:配列は、成熟PSGL-1タンパク質のアミノ酸1~47、IgG1ヒンジ領域、NRLのロイシンジッパードメイン、グリシン(G4SG4)スペーサー、および、親和性認識のためのFLAG配列をコードする。マウスIgHシグナルペプチドを、分泌のために用いた。変異体1キメラタンパク質は、配列番号2のアミノ酸配列を有する。
CHO-S、懸濁液に適合されたチャイニーズハムスター卵巣株(Freedom(商標)CHO-S(商標)Kit,GIBCO ThermoFisher Scientific)を、L-グルタミン(Cellgro,Catalog#61-030-RO,Lot#61030158)で補充された、化学的に規定された培地CD-CHO(Invitrogen,Carlsbad CA,Catalog#12490-025,Lot#1149771)において、37℃にて、湿潤化された5%CO2インキュベーター中で、製造元の指示書(2015年7月)に従って培養した。血清または他の動物由来産物は、CHO-S細胞の培養において用いられなかった。トランスフェクションの24時間前に、細胞を振とうフラスコ内に蒔いて、血清フリーの化学的に規定された培地を用いて増殖させた。変異体1~5発現構築物(各プラスミドの250μg)を、0.05リットルの懸濁液CHO細胞中に、エレクトロポレーションによって一時的にトランスフェクトした。手短には:50%EPバッファーおよびQC400キュベットで、Maxcyte Electroporatorを用いて、250×106のCHO細胞をトランスフェクトした。採取する前に7日間、血清フリーの培地を用いて細胞を増殖させた。
イオン交換および抗FLAG親和性精製によって精製を行なった。5つの変異体のそれぞれに関して、0.2μM濾過による浄化に続いて、1M HClの添加によって馴化培地をpH6に調節して、蒸留水を用いて容量を倍にした。それから、1mLアニオン交換クロマトグラフィーカラム(Q column,GE)上にCMをロードして、20mM Tris pH7.5,1M HCl中で溶出した。溶出画分を、0.5mLの抗FLAG親和性M2樹脂にアプライして、室温で5時間振動させた。10mLのTris緩衝生理食塩水で樹脂を洗浄した。タンパク質を、5カラムボリュームのTris緩衝生理食塩水中100μg/mL FLAGペプチドで溶出した。PSGL変異体1については、通過画分を4℃で一晩、抗FLAG M2樹脂を用いて再インキュベートして、0.25%酢酸(pH3.5)を用いて溶出を達成した。
コア2 β-1,6-N-アセチルグルコサミニルトランスフェラーゼ(C2GnT-M)、FTVII(フコシルトランスフェラーゼVII)(Fugang Li et al.J.Biol.Chem,1996,271:3255-3264)、および、FLAG配列なしで配列番号1のaa1~118を含むキメラタンパク質をコードするDNA配列を共発現している、安定したCHO-S細胞の安定した形質転換体を、それから、Freedom(商標)CHO-S(商標)キットマニュアル(Cat.NA13696-01 Lifescience Thermofisher Scientific,2015年7月)に従って生産した。
PSGL変異体1A組み換えタンパク質は、硫酸化、および、N-およびO-グリコシル化の両方を含む異なる翻訳後修飾に起因して、非常に異質である。その完全な特性化および正しい定量化のために、特定の酵素による、UPLC、MSおよびペプチドマッピングの手順を含む分析方法のセットを用いた。その生物活性に本質的なPSGL変異体1Aの構造的特性も、注意深く監視した。
逆相クロマトグラフィーを用いて、標的タンパク質の含有量を決定して、あり得る不純物または分解産物を定量化した。逆相クロマトグラフィーの実験のために、Acquity UPLC BEH300カラム(2.1×100mm,1.7μm)を、勾配モードで50℃にて用いた。移動相は、(A)水中、0.1%TFAおよび(B)アセトニトリル中、0.1%TFAであった。UV検出を216nmで行なった。専用のsub 2μmカラムと組み合わせたUPLC技術の使用は、改善された解像度、より高い感度、優れたピーク形状、および、分析時間の有意な減少を可能にした。UPLC-UV方法は、精製プロセスによって達成されたPSGL変異体1A純度が、90%よりも高いことを示した。
タンパク質の分離をそれらの効果的なサイズまたは形状(流体力学的半径)に基づき可能にする、ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(GPC)とも呼ばれるサイズ排除クロマトグラフィー(SEC)を、UV検出と合わせて用いた。この場合において、方法は、あり得る凝集および他のサイズ変動を測定するために用いた。サイズ排除クロマトグラフィー実験のために、TSKゲルスーパー SW mAb HTP 4.6×150mm(Tosoh)、4μmカラムを、30℃にてアイソクラチックモードで用いた。移動相は、50mM NaH2PO4、50mM Na2HPO4、100mM Na2SO4であり、UV検出を216nmで行なった。エキストラ-カラムバンドの広がりを低減するように最適化されたUPLC機器の使用は、高いカラム効率を可能にして、感度を増大させた。SEC-UV方法を、PSGL変異体A-1の分析に適用した:凝集は観察されなかった。
シアリル化は、バイオ医薬品のバイオアベイラビリティー、安定性、代謝および免疫原性に対する重大な特徴としてよく知られている。この目的に対して、キメラタンパク質変異体1Aのシアル酸決定のためにHPLC MS方法が開発された。
マトリックス支援レーザー脱離イオン化飛行時間型質量分析(MALDITOFMS)、分析も、PSGL変異体1A分子量を決定するために行なわれた。この技術は、サンプルをマトリックスと混合するステップを含み、それから、プレートまたはプローブ上にコーティングされて、コリメート集束光ビームに曝されて、イオン化および脱離を引き起こす。MALDIは、高感度および少ない断片化で、大質量イオンを産生する利点を有する。MALDI-TOF実験は、無傷かつ還元形態でPSGL変異体1Aに対して行なわれた。MALDI実験によって決定されるように、PSGL変異体1Aの平均分子量は、約35.4kDaで測定された。DTTによる還元は、PSGL変異体1A質量の2倍低減をもたらし、精製されたタンパク質の二量体特性を示した。
ペプチドマッピング(PMAP)を用いて、硫酸化およびN-およびO-グリコシル化を含むキメラ糖タンパク質の翻訳後修飾(PTM)を解明した。この目的に対して、キモトリプシンおよびAsp-Nの両方を、タンパク質消化に適用して、LC-MS液体クロマトグラフィー質量分析を続けた。
キモトリプシン断片化を、製造元(Chymotrypsin Endoproteinase MS Grade,Cat.N.90056,Thermo Scientific)によって提供されるプロトコルに従って行なった。乾燥キモトリプシンの1バイアルを、25μLのHCl 0.1M中に再構成して、使用前に500μLエッペンドルフチューブ内に2μLアリコートとして-18℃で保管した。100mM Tris-HCl pH(8,10 mM CaCl2からなる消化バッファーを調製するために、3.03gのTris Base(M 121.4g/mol)および368mg CaCl2(M 147.02g/mol)を水に溶解させた。1.2M HClを用いてpHを8.0に調節して、容量を250mLに満たした。
エンドプロテアーゼAsp-N断片化を、製造元(Asp N sequencing grade Roche,Cat.N.11054589001)によって提供されるプロトコルに従って行なった。乾燥Asp-Nの1バイアルを、50μLの水中に再構成して、使用前に500μLエッペンドルフチューブ内に5μLアリコートとして-18℃で保管した。50mMリン酸ナトリウムからなる消化バッファーを調製するために、1.5gのNa2HPO4(M 119.98g/mol)を水に溶解させた。1M NaOHを用いてpHを8.0に調節して、容量を250mLに満たした。
・PSGL-1変異体1A糖タンパク質のN末端構造は、ピログルタミン酸形態pQATEYEYLが優勢である。
・PSGL変異体1Aの二量体特性は、(50TCPPCPL56)2配列に起因する(M+2H)+2=728.5の存在によって確認された。このペプチドの単量体形態に対応するイオンは検出されず、PSGL変異体1Aは完全に二量体形態であることを示唆した。
・Thr16上のO-グリカン残基の構造が確認された:実際に、予期されたシアリル-ルイス-Xモチーフ、N-アセチルガラクトサミン、N-アセチルグルコサミン、ガラクトース、フコースおよびシアル酸を含むコア2構造が同定された。
・チロシン5、7および10の硫酸化は、負のスキャンモードでの質量分析によっても示された。
実験は、WO2012/020030の実施例2に記載の精製されたタンパク質Fr1および上記の実施例2に記載の変異体1Aを用いて行なわれた。
待機 120秒
注入 30秒
待機 300秒
をプログラムする必要があった。
当該プロセスは、WO2012/020030の実施例9に従って行われた。
手短には、実施例2による変異体1(65nmole)を、1mM EDTAを含む1mLのリン酸バッファー0.2M(pH7.5)中に溶解させた。スルホ-SMCC(スルホ-SMCC:スルホスクシンイミジル4-[N-マレイミドメチル]シクロヘキサン-1-カルボキシレート)(Pierce)(55mg/mL-125mM)の溶液を、無水ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO,Fluka)中に調製して、および52μLの溶液を、変異体1溶液に添加した。溶液を、室温で45’インキュベートした。それから、リン酸バッファー20mM(pH6)中で平衡化されたスピンカラム(Zebaスピンカラム5mL,Pierce#89890)を通して溶液をスピンさせた。イソプロパノールを溶液に添加して、35%イソプロパノールを含む溶液を得た。
DSPE-PEG2000-SH(DSPE:PEG2000で修飾されたジステアロイルホスファチジル-エタノールアミン)を、WO2012/020030の実施例10に従って、DSPE-PEG2000-PDP(1,2ジステアロイル-sn-グリセロ-3-ホスホエタノールアミン-N-[3-(2-ピリジルジチオ)プロピオネート(ポリエチレングリコール)-2000]アンモニウム塩)から調製した。DSPE-PEG2000-SHの最終溶液をイソプロパノールで希釈して、35%イソプロパノールを含む溶液を得た。
実施例5で得られた1.7mLの変異体1A-SMCC(65nmole)溶液を、実施例6で得られたDSPE-PEG2000-SH(325nmole-5当量)の溶液に添加した。溶液を、撹拌(回転輪)して室温で3時間インキュベートした。
DSPC(DSPC:ジステアロイルホスファチジルコリン)およびパルミチン酸(80/20モル比)の混合物10mgを、70℃でシクロオクタン(0.8mL)中に溶解させた。
効果的な結合を試験するために、WO2012/020030(実施例6)に記載のとおりに調製された標的化された微小胞、および、本発明(実施例8)に従って調製されたものを、マウスFc P-セレクチン(カタログ番号737-PS,R&D Systems,Minneapolis,MN,USA)またはヒトFc PおよびEセレクチン(R&Dカタログ番号137-PS 50および724 ES 100)のコーティングを含むフローチャンバー設定において、4μg/mLで注入した。微小胞(80×106/400μL TBS++の同等数)を、ボーラス様式でフローチャンバー(FCS2,Bioptech,USA)を通して注入して、マウスP-セレクチン(またはヒトP-またはE-セレクチン)コーティング層上へのそれらの接着を、TBS中50%(v:v)ヒト血漿(Stehelin & Cie AG)の存在下で、10分の期間にわたって1.0mL/分の流速(714s-1のせん断速度)で評価した。微小胞蓄積の定量分析を、画像処理プログラムAnalysis FIVE(SIS,Germany)を用いて、合計10分のインフュージョンにわたって2分間隔で、観察された領域内に付着する微小胞の数をカウントすることによって行なった。10分後に、5つの写真をランダムに撮って、結合した微小胞の数を測定して、10分で結合した泡の数(NBB)として表した。それぞれの観察された領域は、対物ミクロメーターの補助により測定して183×137μmであった。測定は、チャンバーの中央と出口の間で行なった。
上記の実施例8に従って調製された変異体1Aを有する微小胞、および、WO2012/020030、実施例6に従って調製されたフラグメント1(Fr-1)を保有するものを、炎症性ラットモデルにおいて比較した。炎症を、リポ多糖(LPS,0.26:B6 Sigma L-8274,2.1mg/kg)の注入によってラット後肢において誘導した。標的化された微小胞の効果的な結合を、炎症プロセスの誘導の24時間後に、超音波造影によって評価した。コントラストモードを運転する9L線形変換器(送信周波数、4.0MHz(Res);ダイナミックレンジ、48dB;深さ、20mm;Time-Gain Compensation(TGC)、線形)を具備した、Logiq E9超音波スキャナー(General Electric Healthcare,Fairfield,Connecticut,USA)を用いて、コントラスト増強超音波イメージングを行なった。30秒間、毎秒1画像を低メカニカルインデックス(MI=0.06)で記録し、それから、15秒毎に1画像を、10分まで記録した。単回投与注入の10分後に、コントラスト増強シグナルを、4Hzのフレームレートで10秒間獲得した。コントラスト増強画像は、Dicomファイルとして記録されて、インハウス(VueBox,Bracco Suisse SA,Geneva,Switzerland)で開発された専用ソフトウェアを用いて解析された。このソフトウェアは、画素レベルで、ログ圧縮されたビデオシーケンスの線形化後に超音波検査シグナルの定量分析を可能にして、目的領域(AOI)内のコントラストエコパワー振幅(任意単位、A.U.と表わされる)を提供する。Braccoにおいて開発されたソフトウェア(VueBox市販キット)に統合されて、そして、結合された泡を検出するのを助ける、固定された泡イメージング(FBI)アルゴリズムを、10分で記録されたフレーム上に適用した。FBI処理は、イメージのサブセットに適用される最小強度の投射機能に依拠し、それは、ウインドウ長(40フレーム)に依存する。生じたイメージ(図3)は、変異体1Aを保有する微小気泡が、炎症を起こしたラットの足における炎症を可視化することが可能であり、観察されたシグナルが、Fr-1を保有する微小気泡で観察されたものと非常に似ていることを示した。
コレステロール(28.25mg-Merck#3672)を、1mLのクロロホルム中に溶解させた。DSPE-PEG2000(13.9mg-Genzyme#LP-R4-039)を、1mLのクロロホルム中に溶解させた。DiR(1,1’-ジオクタエシル-3,3,3’,3’-テトラメチルインドトリカルボシアニンヨウ化物-Molecular Probes #D12731)をエタノール中に溶解させて、10mg/mL溶液を得た。
後肢炎症を有する動物の2群において、変異体1Aを保有するリポソームを、フラグメント1を有するリポソームと比較した。炎症は、リポ多糖(LPS,0.26:B6 Sigma L-8274)の筋肉内注入によって、マウス後肢内に誘導された。光学イメージングは、前臨床のFluobeam 700システムを用いて行なわれた。光学ヘッドは、その後肢がカメラの視野の中央に置かれるように動物の上に置かれた(マウスおよびカメラの間の距離、15cm)。炎症プロセスの誘導の24時間後、標的化されたリポソームを注入して、蛍光シグナルを経時的に(24時間まで)追跡した。注入および初期を、16分の間に5秒ごとに1画像でのシーケンスとして記録して(固定された露出時間)、20、30、45分、1、2、および4時間に個々の画像が続けられた。Image Jソフトウェアを用いて画像を解析した。全てのキャプチャーフレームにおいて、同一の目的領域(AOI)を描いて、炎症を起こした対側足の輪郭を描いた。ミリ秒あたりの平均蛍光強度を、それぞれの画像のAOIにおいて計算した。蛍光画像を図4に示し、比率(炎症を起こした足を、対側足で割る)として表された定量化結果を表7に示す。変異体1A-リポソーム-DIR注入の2時間後に記録された蛍光画像は、対側足におけるシグナルと比較して、炎症を起こした足においてより高いシグナルを示した。動物3の場合では、炎症を起こした足において観察されたシグナルは、おそらく、このマウスにおいてLPSにより誘導された低い炎症に起因して低い。対照的に、動物6は、高い炎症の指標である高いシグナルを示す。炎症を起こした足/対側足の比の計算は、フラグメント-1(Fr-1)と比較して変異体1Aに関してより高く、薬剤の良好な特性を示す。
AE/HIおよびHA(負)による精製
600mLの馴化培地を0.22μm膜上で濾過して、20mM TRIS pH7.5で平衡化されたAEXカラム上にロードした(Capto Q(商標),GE,2.6×7cm,37mL)。結合されたタンパク質を、30%および100%の20mM TRIS、1M NaCl、pH7.5での2ステップ溶出によって溶出した。標的タンパク質は、100%画分において溶出された。カラムを1M NaOHで浄化して、20%.EtOH中で4℃にて保管した。馴化培地の導電率は、10mS/cmより下であった。
1000mLの馴化培地を、0.22μm膜上で濾過して、20mM TRIS pH7.5で平衡化されたAEカラム(Capto Q(商標),GE,2.6×7cm,37mL)上にロードした。結合されたタンパク質を、30%および100%の20mM TRIS、1M NaCl、pH7.5での2ステップ溶出により溶出させた。標的タンパク質は、100%画分において溶出された。カラムを1M NaOHで浄化して、20%EtOH中で4℃にて保管した。
Claims (25)
- 組み換えキメラP-セレクチン糖タンパク質リガンド-1(PSGL-1)タンパク質であって、
少なくとも:配列番号11(成熟PSGL-1配列)の少なくともaa5~16を含むセレクチン結合ドメイン、配列番号12(神経網膜特異的なロイシンジッパー)のaa187~208と少なくとも90%同一のアミノ酸配列を含むロイシンジッパードメイン、および、ジスルフィド結合促進領域を含む、
組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質。 - 請求項1に記載の組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質であって、
前記セレクチン結合ドメインは、配列番号11(PSGL-1配列)の少なくともaa1~47を含む、
組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質。 - 請求項1に記載の組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質であって、
前記ロイシンジッパーは、配列番号12のaa181~215と少なくとも90%同一のアミノ酸配列を含む、
組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質。 - 請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質であって、
前記ジスルフィド結合促進領域は、以下の一般式:
(X1)n-C(X2)m-(X3)
によって定義されるアミノ酸配列を含み、
ここで:
-X1、X2は、システイン(Cys)を除く任意のアミノ酸またはアミノ酸配列を表わし、
-Cは、Cysであり、
-X3は、任意のアミノ酸であり、および
-n、mは、1~6からなる整数である、
組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質。 - 請求項4に記載の組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質であって、
-X1は、プロリン、ヒスチジンまたはトレオニンを含み;
-nは、最大で5であり、および
-X2は、少なくとも1つのプロリンを含む、
組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質。 - 請求項5に記載の組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質であって、
-X2は、Pro-Proであり;
-X3は、システインおよび少なくともプロリンを含む、
組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質。 - 請求項6に記載の組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質であって、
前記ジスルフィド結合促進領域は、IgG1ヒンジ領域(配列番号20)である、
組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質。 - 請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質であって、
少なくともリジン(LysまたはK)またはシステイン(CysまたはC)を含むポリグリシンスペーサーをさらに含む、
組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質。 - 請求項8に記載の組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質であって、
前記スペーサーは、配列番号17である、
組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質。 - 少なくともジスルフィド結合によって互いに共有結合された請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の2つの組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質を含む、
二量体タンパク質。 - 請求項10に記載の二量体タンパク質であって、
ホモ二量体である、
二量体タンパク質。 - 請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質であって、
シグナルペプチド配列をさらに含む、
組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質。 - 請求項12に記載の組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質であって、
前記シグナルペプチドは、配列番号18および配列番号21~34からなる群より選択される、
組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質。 - 請求項12から13のいずれか一項に記載の組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質であって、
前記シグナルペプチドは、マウスIgHシグナルペプチド(配列番号18)である、
組み換えキメラPSGL-1タンパク質。 - 請求項1から9および12から14のいずれか一項に記載の組み換えキメラタンパク質をコードするDNA分子であって、
配列番号11(成熟PSGL-1配列)の少なくともaa5~16を含むセレクチン結合ドメイン、配列番号12(神経網膜特異的なロイシンジッパー)のaa187~208と少なくとも90%同一のアミノ酸配列を含むロイシンジッパードメイン、および、ジスルフィド結合促進領域を含む、
DNA分子。 - 請求項15に記載のDNA分子を含む、
真核生物発現ベクター。 - 請求項15に記載のDNA分子または請求項16に記載のベクターで形質転換された、
哺乳類細胞。 - 請求項1から14のいずれか一項に記載の、
単離されたタンパク質。 - 請求項18に記載の単離されたタンパク質であって、
配列番号11の少なくとも16位のThrがO-結合型グリコシル化されて、少なくとも5位、7位および10位のTyrが硫酸化された、ホモ二量体である、
単離されたタンパク質。 - 請求項1から14または18から19のいずれか一項に記載の組み換えタンパク質、および、診断的または治療的部分を含む、
コンジュゲート化合物。 - 請求項20に記載のコンジュゲート化合物であって、
前記の診断的に有用な部分は、放射ラベル、酵素、蛍光ラベル、発光ラベル、金属キレート化合物、ガス充填脂質微小胞、および、前記の診断的に活性の部分の組み合わせからなる群より選択される、
コンジュゲート化合物。 - 請求項21に記載のコンジュゲート化合物であって、
前記のガス充填微小胞の脂質は、リン脂質である、
コンジュゲート化合物。 - 請求項20から22のいずれか一項に記載のコンジュゲート化合物であって、
超音波、磁気共鳴、光音響、シンチグラフィー、単一光子放出型コンピュータ断層撮影(SPECT)、陽電子放射断層撮影(PET)、X線、無線周波聴覚および視覚からなる群において選択されるイメージング方法での使用のための、
コンジュゲート化合物。 - 請求項1から14のいずれか一項に記載の組み換えキメラタンパク質または請求項20から23のいずれか一項に記載のコンジュゲート化合物を含む、
医薬組成物。 - 請求項1から14のいずれか一項に記載の組み換えタンパク質を調製する方法であって、
前記キメラタンパク質を安定して発現する組み換え系を達成するために、請求項15のDNA分子または請求項16のベクターによって真核生物細胞を形質転換するステップ、前記培養培地を採取するステップ、および、前記培養培地から前記組み換えタンパク質を精製するステップを含む、
方法。
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US11370826B2 (en) | 2022-06-28 |
IL260957A (ja) | 2018-09-20 |
IL260957B1 (en) | 2023-07-01 |
ZA201804657B (en) | 2019-04-24 |
JP2019513344A (ja) | 2019-05-30 |
CA3011248A1 (en) | 2017-08-17 |
IL260957B2 (en) | 2023-11-01 |
CN108699130A (zh) | 2018-10-23 |
AU2017218024B2 (en) | 2020-12-17 |
US11905323B2 (en) | 2024-02-20 |
BR112018015143A2 (pt) | 2018-12-18 |
US20220389080A1 (en) | 2022-12-08 |
WO2017137477A1 (en) | 2017-08-17 |
AU2017218024A1 (en) | 2018-08-02 |
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