JP6953631B2 - 前照灯および作動方法 - Google Patents
前照灯および作動方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6953631B2 JP6953631B2 JP2020528083A JP2020528083A JP6953631B2 JP 6953631 B2 JP6953631 B2 JP 6953631B2 JP 2020528083 A JP2020528083 A JP 2020528083A JP 2020528083 A JP2020528083 A JP 2020528083A JP 6953631 B2 JP6953631 B2 JP 6953631B2
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 78
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- ITVPBBDAZKBMRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro-dioxido-oxo-$l^{5}-phosphane;hydron Chemical class OP(O)(Cl)=O ITVPBBDAZKBMRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S41/25—Projection lenses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/02—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
- B60Q1/04—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights
- B60Q1/14—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights having dimming means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
- F21S41/143—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
- F21S41/147—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
- F21S41/151—Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines
- F21S41/153—Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines arranged in a matrix
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
- F21S41/155—Surface emitters, e.g. organic light emitting diodes [OLED]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S41/25—Projection lenses
- F21S41/255—Lenses with a front view of circular or truncated circular outline
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
- F21S41/63—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates
- F21S41/64—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates by changing their light transmissivity, e.g. by liquid crystal or electrochromic devices
- F21S41/645—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates by changing their light transmissivity, e.g. by liquid crystal or electrochromic devices by electro-optic means, e.g. liquid crystal or electrochromic devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
- F21S41/65—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources
- F21S41/663—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources by switching light sources
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
- F21S41/67—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on reflectors
- F21S41/675—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on reflectors by moving reflectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
- G02B19/0047—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source
- G02B19/0061—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source the light source comprising a LED
- G02B19/0066—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source the light source comprising a LED in the form of an LED array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/15—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components having potential barriers, specially adapted for light emission
- H01L27/153—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components having potential barriers, specially adapted for light emission in a repetitive configuration, e.g. LED bars
- H01L27/156—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components having potential barriers, specially adapted for light emission in a repetitive configuration, e.g. LED bars two-dimensional arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/58—Optical field-shaping elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2102/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
- F21W2102/10—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light
- F21W2102/13—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
- F21Y2105/10—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements
- F21Y2105/14—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements characterised by the overall shape of the two-dimensional array
- F21Y2105/16—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements characterised by the overall shape of the two-dimensional array square or rectangular, e.g. for light panels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Led Device Packages (AREA)
- Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
Description
2 キャリア
25 ハウジング
30 半導体チップの射出側
31 第1の画素化された半導体チップ
32 第2の画素化された半導体チップ
33 画素
35 基板
38 キャビティ
41 第1の光学素子
42 第2の光学素子
43 出射レンズ
44 光入射レンズ
46 光学軸
47 接触点
5 蛍光体
6 半導体積層体
63 活性ゾーン
7 光学的絶縁物
81 画像記録デバイス
82 制御ユニット
91 車道境界
92 中心線
a 角度水平
b 角度鉛直
B ベース領域
D オフセット
M 主視線方向
P 明領域
Claims (14)
- 前照灯(1)であって、
−光を発生させるための、複数の画素(33)を有する第1の半導体チップ(31)と、
−光を発生させるための、複数の画素(33)を有する第2の半導体チップ(32)と、
−前記第1の半導体チップ(31)からの光を第1の倍率でベース領域(B)内に向かわせる第1の光学素子(41)と、
−前記第2の半導体チップ(32)からの光を第2の倍率で明領域(P)内に向かわせる第2の光学素子(42)と、
を有し、
−前記明領域(P)が前記ベース領域(B)より小さくなるように、前記第2の倍率は前記第1の倍率の0.3倍と0.7倍の間であり(両端を含む)、
−前記明領域(P)は、その少なくとも大部分が前記ベース領域(B)の内部にあり、
−前記第1および第2の半導体チップ(31、32)の各々は、活性ゾーン(63)を有する半導体積層体(6)を備え、
−前記半導体積層体(6)は、前記それぞれの半導体チップ(31、32)の全ての画素(33)にわたって連続して延在し、
−前記ベース領域(B)の水平開き角は25°と45°の間であり(両端を含む)、前記ベース領域(B)の鉛直開き角は5°と20°の間であり(両端を含む)、
−前記ベース領域(B)のための前記第1の半導体チップ(31)の画素(33)当たりの角度分解能は、0.03°と0.4°の間であり(両端を含む)、
−前記明領域(P)のための前記第2の半導体チップ(32)の画素(33)当たりの角度分解能は、前記第1の半導体チップ(31)の画素(33)当たりの前記角度分解能より少なくとも1.5倍大きい、
前照灯(1)。 - 前記第1の半導体チップ(31)と前記第2の半導体チップ(32)とは構造が同一であり、
前記第1および第2の倍率は不変であり、前記明領域(P)は完全に前記ベース領域(B)の内部にある、
請求項1に記載の前照灯(1)。 - 前記第1の光学素子(41)および前記第2の光学素子(42)の各々は、いくつかのレンズを備え、
前記第1および第2の光学素子(41、42)は、互いに独立している、
請求項1または2に記載の前照灯(1)。 - 前記第1の光学素子(41)および前記第2の光学素子(42)は、互いに部分的に接触する、請求項1〜3の何れか一項に記載の前照灯(1)。
- 前記第1の光学素子(41)および前記第2の光学素子(42)は、互いに部分的にのみ独立しており、共通の部品を少なくとも1つ有する、請求項1または2に記載の前照灯(1)。
- 前記第1の光学素子(41)および前記第2の光学素子(42)は、共通の出射レンズ(43)を有し、前記発生させた光は前記出射レンズ(43)において前記前照灯から出射され、
前記第1および第2の光学素子(41、42)の各々は、それぞれ別個の光入射レンズ(44)を有し、
前記第1の半導体チップ(31)および前記第2の半導体チップ(32)は、対応付けられた前記光入射レンズ(44)および前記出射レンズ(43)の両方に対して、偏心配置される、
請求項5に記載の前照灯(1)。 - 前記第1の半導体チップ(31)および前記第2の半導体チップ(32)は、共通のキャリア(2)に配置され、
前記第1および第2の半導体チップ(31、32)の間の距離は、平面視で見ると、前記第1の半導体チップ(31)の対角線の長さの少なくとも半分、最大で4つの対角線の長さ、である、請求項1〜6の何れか一項に記載の前照灯(1)。 - 前記明領域(P)は、主視線方向(M)に対して横方向に対称的に向けられ、前記ベース領域(B)は前記主視線方向(M)に対して非対称的に、および/または偏心して、向けられる、
請求項1〜7の何れか一項に記載の前照灯(1)。 - 前記第1および第2の半導体チップ(31、32)の各々は、前記画素(33)を30×80と320×1050の間(両端を含む)の数だけ有し、
前記第1および第2の半導体チップ(31、32)の縦横比は、それぞれ2と6の間である、
請求項1〜8の何れか一項に記載の前照灯(1)。 - 前記第1および第2の半導体チップ(31、32)の前記画素(33)の各々は、上から見ると、10μm×10μmと0.1mm×0.1mmの間(両端を含む)のサイズを有し、
第1および第2の半導体チップ(31、32)は、作動中に射出側(30)で少なくとも200lm/mm2の光束を意図どおりに射出し、
前記前照灯(1)は、25mの距離において、少なくとも30lxの照度を前記ベース領域(B)に発生させ、少なくとも150lxを前記明領域(P)に発生させる、ように適合化される、
請求項1〜9の何れか一項に記載の前照灯(1)。 - 前記第1および第2の半導体チップ(31、32)は、各々がAlInGaN材料系に基づき、各々が少なくとも1つの蛍光体(5)を備え、
前記蛍光体(5)は、前記第1および第2の半導体チップ(31、32)と同じように画素化され、
光学的絶縁物(7)が隣接画素(33)間にそれぞれ設けられる、
請求項1〜10の何れか一項に記載の前照灯(1)。 - 前記第1および第2の半導体チップ(31、32)の各々は、白色光を射出し、それぞれ発生させた光のCIE−xy色度図における色位置の相互間の差は、0.05単位以下であり、
前記色位置は不変である、
請求項1〜11の何れか一項に記載の前照灯(1)。 - 請求項1〜12の何れか一項に記載の前照灯(1)の作動方法であって、
前記第1および第2の半導体チップ(31、32)は、対応付けられた画素(33)のうちの一部のみが同時に発光するように、少なくとも一時的に作動され、
前記第1および第2の半導体チップ(31、32)からの光強度が前記明領域(P)内の少なくとも1つの点において重畳されるように、前記第1および第2の半導体チップ(31、32)は少なくとも一時的に作動される、
作動方法。 - 時には前記第1の半導体チップ(31)のみが作動され、時には前記第2の半導体チップ(32)のみが作動され、
これにより生じた前記明領域(P)および前記ベース領域(B)は、画像記録デバイス(81)によって検出され、
その後、前記ベース領域(B)に対する前記明領域(P)の電子的調整、またはその逆、が行われ、調整結果が前記前照灯(1)の制御ユニット(82)に格納されるので、機械的微調整が不要である、
請求項13に記載の作動方法。
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