JP6928932B2 - Support structure of fruit trees and Y-shaped tailoring attraction pipe used for this - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fruit tree support structure suitable for the embankment type rhizosphere control cultivation method and a Y-shaped tailoring attraction pipe used therefor.

The embankment-type rhizosphere control cultivation method is a known method developed at the Tochigi Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station (see Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1). The outline is to improve the root zone restriction cultivation method so that a large amount of dense fine roots can be generated in the soil to maintain the tree vigor, and then an appropriate amount of irrigation that differs depending on the fruit tree variety at the growing time is applied. By managing so as not to run out of water, a large amount of uniform and high quality fruits can be obtained from the beginning of planting, and high quality fruits can be stably obtained with high yield even in the entire orchard. Is.
Further, in general fruit tree cultivation, a cultivation shelf is often used (for example, Patent Document 2), but the embankment-type rhizosphere control cultivation method does not require a cultivation shelf because the height of the fruit tree is controlled to be low.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-204662 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-097021

New Technology Series (Next Generation None Cultivation Method [Embankment Type Rhizosphere Control Cultivation Method Introduction Manual]) Tochigi Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station (Rhizosphere Control Cultivation Method Demonstration Group) Published in February 2016

For example, in the case of pear cultivation, since the fruits were conventionally grown at a height of 1.7 to 1.8 m or more, a cultivation shelf was required, and pruning, sprouting, bud picking, flower picking, pollination, fruit picking, It was necessary to use a stepladder to carry out operations such as bagging and harvesting for a long time.
On the other hand, in the embankment type rhizosphere control cultivation method, the soil is filled on the vinyl sheet and the root-shielding sheet to isolate it from the ground, and the nutrient water is controlled to control the growth. In addition, the branches of the fruit tree are Y-shaped (a form in which the branches are connected to a Y-shaped attraction pipe), and the fruits are produced at a height of 0.9 to 1.8 m, so the height is about the height of the waist to the eyes. Most of the work is done (about 90%), the work load is greatly reduced, and the work efficiency is remarkably improved. In addition, the sunlight is improved, the sugar content is increased, and the yield is greatly improved. Furthermore, since a large-scale cultivation shelf is not required, the equipment cost can be reduced.
However, even though the tree height is low, the support structure described in Non-Patent Document 1 is not sufficient for strong winds and the like.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a simple, inexpensive, wind-resistant fruit tree support structure suitable for the embankment-type rhizosphere control cultivation method, and a Y-shaped tailoring attraction pipe used for the support structure.

The above problems are solved by the following inventions 1) to 3).
1) A fruit tree support structure composed of at least the following members, which is suitable for an orchard having a plurality of embankment rows (areas in which a plurality of embankments are linearly arranged at regular intervals) according to the embankment type rhizosphere control cultivation method.
<1> Upright vertical pipes at both ends provided just outside both ends of each embankment row 11
<2> Both end vertical pipes 1 at each end and both end horizontal pipes 2 in the direction orthogonal to the embankment row 11 connected by using a fixture near the upper end of both end vertical pipes 1.
<3> Reinforcing support pipe 5 connected diagonally to the horizontal pipes 2 at both ends from the ground.
<4> Upright intermediate vertical pipes 6 provided at regular intervals in the embankment row 11
<5> At a height of about half of the ground of the vertical pipes 1 at both ends and the intermediate vertical pipe 6, the vertical pipes 1 at both ends and the upper ends extend diagonally upward in both the left and right directions orthogonal to the filling row 11. Y-shaped tailoring both ends attracting pipe 3 and Y-shaped tailoring intermediate attracting pipe 8 fixed with bolts so as to be higher than the intermediate vertical pipe 6 [The upper end of the Y-shaped tailoring both ends attracting pipe 3 is described above. It is fixed to the horizontal pipes 2 at both ends. Further, the fixed portion of each of the attracting pipes is flatly crushed with a gap (groove) inside the fixed portion so that rainwater or the like that has entered from the upper end portion of the pipe can flow out from the end portion on the fixed portion side.・ Has a structure]
<6> Pipe or wire for fixing the upper end of the Y-shaped tailoring intermediate attraction pipe 8 <7> Fixing for fixing the both end vertical pipe 1, the intermediate vertical pipe 6 and the reinforcing support pipe 5 to the ground. Base 10
<8> Fixing pipes 4 provided in each embankment row 11 for connecting the vertical pipes 1 at both ends and the intermediate vertical pipes 6 to each other.
<9> A wire 9 stretched vertically and horizontally via a fixing cap provided at the top of the vertical pipe 1 at both ends and the intermediate vertical pipe 6 (the end of the wire in the direction orthogonal to the embankment row is a pipe for a bird net. Fixed to)
2) As a pipe for fixing the upper end portion of the Y-shaped tailoring intermediate attraction pipe 8, all the intermediate vertical pipes 6 in each row of the intermediate vertical pipes 6 in the direction orthogonal to the filling row 11 and the intermediate vertical pipe 6 1) The fruit tree support structure according to 1), which is provided with horizontal pipes 7 at both ends in a direction orthogonal to the filling row 11, which is connected by using a fixture near the upper end of the above.
3) The fixing flat portion 13 has a fixing flat portion 13 and a bolt fixing hole 14 at one end, and the fixing flat portion 13 has a fixing flat portion 13 such as rainwater that has entered from the other end inside the fixing flat portion 13. A Y-shaped tailoring attraction pipe that has a shape and structure that is crushed so that a gap (groove) that can flow out from the end of the pipe remains.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a simple, inexpensive, wind-resistant fruit tree support structure suitable for the embankment-type rhizosphere control cultivation method, and a Y-shaped tailoring attraction pipe used therefor. In addition, because of the simple structure that uses iron pipes, fixed bases, and wires as the main materials, material costs and construction costs are low, and assembly is easy. In some cases, it is possible to assemble by yourself without relying on craftsmen.

A schematic view of the orchard with wires 9 from above. A schematic view of a part of both ends of the orchard seen from the outside. A schematic view of a part of one embankment row 11 as viewed from a direction orthogonal to the embankment row. The schematic diagram which shows the relationship of the intermediate vertical pipe 6, the intermediate horizontal pipe 7, and the intermediate attraction pipe 8 for Y-shaped tailoring in the middle part of an orchard. The figure which shows the standard shape and size of the embankment 12. The figure which shows the shape of the pipe used as the Y-shaped tailoring both ends attracting pipe 3 and the Y-shaped tailoring intermediate attracting pipe 8. (A) Thick pipe, (B) Thin pipe, (C) Partially enlarged view of the fixed part of the thick pipe, (D) Partially enlarged view of the fixed part of the thin pipe.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an orchard in which a wire according to the present invention is stretched, as viewed from above.
1 is a vertical pipe at both ends, 2 is a horizontal pipe at both ends, 6 is an intermediate vertical pipe, 9 is a wire, and 11 is a row of embankments provided between the vertical pipes, that is, an area where a plurality of embankments 12 are installed at regular intervals. Is. The wire extends to the end of the orchard in the left-right direction in FIG. 1, and the end is fixed to a bird net support (not shown) that covers the entire orchard. Bird nets are an essential and well-known and customary means in orchards. Further, since the Y-shaped tailoring both ends attracting pipe 3, the reinforcing support pipe 5, and the Y-shaped tailoring intermediate attracting pipe 8 spatially overlap with other members, the illustration is omitted.

The wire is fixed so as not to cause misalignment by passing through the cross groove of the wire fixing cap attached to the tops of the vertical pipes at both ends and the intermediate vertical pipe, and is stretched vertically and horizontally. The wire in the direction of the embankment row is pulled between the two vertical pipes at both ends, and the wire in the direction orthogonal to the embankment row is pulled between the two support columns for the bird net provided at the end, so it is pulled from the groove. It will not come off, and the vertical pipes of the entire orchard can jointly resist strong winds, resulting in a very sturdy support structure for the orchard. A photograph of an example of a wire fixing cap was attached to the property submission form and submitted.
The type of wire is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected from commercially available products in consideration of strength. As an example, a wire obtained by twisting seven 1.6 mm wires can be mentioned.
In a normal case, the distance between the vertical pipes 1 at both ends, that is, the distance between the embankment rows is about 2.5 m. The distance between the vertical pipes in the direction of the embankment row is about 4 m, and two embankments are installed at intervals of about 2 m between them. However, these intervals can be changed as appropriate depending on the type of fruit tree and the situation at the site.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a part of both ends of the orchard viewed from the outside, FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a part of one embankment row viewed from the direction orthogonal to the embankment row, and FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the orchard. It is a schematic diagram which shows the relationship between the intermediate vertical pipe, the intermediate horizontal pipe, and the intermediate attraction pipe for Y-shaped tailoring in the middle part of the above. In addition, in order to make it easy to understand, a photograph regarding the embodiment of the present invention was attached to the property submission form and submitted.
1 is a vertical pipe at both ends, 2 is a horizontal pipe at both ends, 3 is a Y-shaped tailoring pipe at both ends, 4 is a pipe for fixing vertical pipes, 5 is a support pipe for reinforcement, 6 is an intermediate vertical pipe, and 7 is an intermediate horizontal pipe. , 8 is an intermediate attraction pipe for Y-shaped tailoring, 9 is a wire, 10 is a fixed base, and 12 is a filling.
The heights of the horizontal pipes 2 at both ends and the intermediate horizontal pipe 7 are about 1.8 m in order to produce fruits at a low position of 1.8 m or less.
The pipe may be made of iron, and may be appropriately selected from those having a diameter of about 15 to 55 mmφ depending on the place of use. The length may be appropriately selected according to the place of use, but the pipes 2 at both ends are preferably about 4 to 5 m in consideration of ease of handling and the like. The upper ends of the vertical pipes 1 at both ends and the vertical pipe 6 at both ends need to be higher than the height of the horizontal pipes 2 at both ends, and a pipe having a length of about 2 m is suitable.
The Y-shaped tailoring both ends attracting pipe 3 is fixed at a position of about 0.9 m in height of the both ends vertical pipe 1 so as to face upward at an angle of about 45 °. Then, the length is adjusted so that the upper ends of the two adjacent Y-shaped tailoring both end attraction pipes 3 are at substantially the same position.
The intermediate vertical pipe 6 and the Y-shaped tailoring intermediate attracting pipe 8 are also fixed in the same structure as described above.
Note that FIG. 4 shows an example in which the vicinity of the upper end of the Y-shaped tailoring intermediate attraction pipe 8 is fixed to the intermediate horizontal pipe 7 as an example of more reliable fixing, but the fixing method is not limited to this. Instead, a method of fixing to various surrounding pipes or the like using a wire may be adopted.

In the present invention, as the Y-shaped tailoring both ends attracting pipe 3 and the Y-shaped tailoring intermediate attracting pipe 8, as shown in FIG. 6, a specially shaped one having a flatly crushed fixing portion at one end is used. (A) shows a thick one for the Y-shaped tailoring both ends attracting pipe 3, (B) shows a thin one for the Y-shaped tailoring intermediate attracting pipe 8, and (C) shows a fixed portion of the pipe of (A). An enlarged view, (D) is a partially enlarged view of the fixed portion of the pipe of (B). 13 is a flat portion for fixing, 14 is a hole for fixing a bolt, and 15 is an inclined portion that transitions from a tubular portion to a flat portion.
The diameter of the pipe (A) is about 40 to 50 mmφ, the diameter of the pipe (B) is about 20 to 30 mm, and the length is about 2 m, but they can be changed as appropriate depending on the situation.
The flatly crushed fixing portion has a gap (groove) so that rainwater or the like that has entered from the upper end of the pipe can flow out from the end on the fixing portion side through the gap (groove) formed inside. It is characterized by having a shape and structure that is crushed flat while leaving it, and as a result, rainwater and the like do not collect in the pipe, so deterioration due to rust on the iron pipe can be significantly prevented.
The fixing flat portion can be produced by pressing with an appropriate pressure using a press machine. For example, when pressed with a pressure of about 75 tons using an 80 ton press machine (AIDA8) manufactured by Aida Engineering Co., Ltd., a flat portion having the above shape and structure can be formed.

Further, in the present invention in which the Y-shaped tailoring attracting pipe has a flat fixing portion, the fixing portions of the vertical pipe and the two Y-shaped tailoring attracting pipes can be fixed at one place with bolts, as in the conventional case. Compared with the method of fixing two Y-shaped tailoring attraction pipes, which are entirely cylindrical, to the vertical pipe with a fixture such as a cross one or a clamp, there are many advantages as follows.
(1) Since the structure of the joint is simple and can be fixed with bolts, it is inexpensive (1/3 to 1/4 of the conventional one) and does not require much labor. That is, conventionally, eight people were required for the work, but the present invention can be done by two people.
(2) The pipe is made of iron and is considerably heavy, and the work of fixing the vertical pipe and the two attraction pipes with a fixture having a complicated structure can only be done by a craftsman, but the present invention can only be fixed with bolts, so even an amateur can do it. ..
(3) Conventionally, since a fixture is used, the angle of the pipe cannot be freely set when fixing the attraction pipe, but in the present invention, since it is fixed with a bolt, the angle can be set quite freely.
(4) Conventionally, since the attraction pipes are fixed one by one on the opposite side of the vertical pipe, the fixing positions of the two attraction pipes are displaced, and as a result, the branches of the fruit tree are separated when the fruit tree is attracted. It had to be bent and twisted, which caused great damage to the fruit trees and was time-consuming.
On the other hand, in the present invention, since the fixing portion is flat, the two attracting pipes can be fixed together on one side of the vertical pipe, so that the conventional fixed position does not shift and the branches of the fruit tree are bent. It can be attracted smoothly without twisting or twisting, the work is easy, and damage to fruit trees can be reduced.

The fixing pipe 4 between the vertical pipes is for integrating the vertical pipes 1 at both ends and the plurality of intermediate vertical pipes 6 to increase the strength, and is an appropriate fixture (cross one, clamp, etc.) at the position where they intersect. ) To fix.
The reinforcing support pipe 5 is for reinforcing the structure at both ends. It is installed diagonally at a position adjacent to the vertical pipes 1 at both ends, and the upper part is a horizontal pipe at both ends with an appropriate fixture (cross one, clamp, etc.). Fix to 2.
The vertical pipes 1 at both ends, the intermediate vertical pipes 6, and the reinforcing support pipes 5 are each fixed to the ground with a fixed base. The fixed base may be a general one. For example, an iron one having a length and width of about 30 cm, a height of about 2 cm, and a protrusion of about 5 cm in the center is commercially available. It is designed to be fixed when pointed in.
As a standard specification, a root-shielding sheet is laid on a vinyl sheet laid on the ground, and a trapezoidal embankment with a height of about 30 cm is formed on the embankment. The standard shape and size of the embankment are shown in FIG. The distance between the embankments is usually about 2 m.
The present invention is suitable for various orchards such as pears, grapes, apples, peaches and cherries.

1 Both ends vertical pipe 2 Both ends horizontal pipe 3 Y-shaped tailoring both ends attracting pipe 4 Vertical pipe fixing pipe 5 Reinforcing support pipe 6 Intermediate vertical pipe 7 Intermediate horizontal pipe 8 Y-shaped tailoring intermediate attracting pipe 9 Wire 10 Fixed base 11 Filling line (area where multiple fillings are installed)
12 Embankment 13 Flat part for fixing the attraction pipe 14 Hole for fixing bolts 15 Inclined part transitioning from the tubular part to the flat part

Claims (2)

A support structure for a fruit tree composed of at least the following members, which is suitable for an orchard having a plurality of embankment rows, which is an area in which a plurality of embankments are linearly arranged at regular intervals according to the embankment type rhizosphere control cultivation method.
<1> Upright vertical pipes at both ends provided just outside both ends of each embankment row 11
<2> Both end vertical pipes 1 at each end and both end horizontal pipes 2 in the direction orthogonal to the embankment row 11 connected by using a fixture near the upper end of both end vertical pipes 1.
<3> Reinforcing support pipe 5 connected diagonally to the horizontal pipes 2 at both ends from the ground.
<4> Upright intermediate vertical pipes 6 provided at regular intervals in the embankment row 11
<5> At a height of about half of the ground of the vertical pipes 1 at both ends and the intermediate vertical pipe 6, the vertical pipes 1 at both ends and the upper ends extend diagonally upward in both the left and right directions orthogonal to the filling row 11. Y-shaped tailoring both ends attracting pipe 3 and Y-shaped tailoring intermediate attracting pipe 8 fixed with bolts so as to be higher than the intermediate vertical pipe 6 , with a fixing flat portion 13 and bolts at one end. The fixing hole 14 is provided, and the upper end portion of the Y-shaped tailoring both end attraction pipe 3 is fixed to the both end lateral pipes 2, and the fixing flat portion 13 is inside the other end portion. Y-shaped tailoring both ends attracting pipe 3 and Y-shaped tailoring intermediate having a shape and structure that is flatly crushed with a gap (groove) that allows rainwater or the like that has entered from the terminal to flow out from the end of the fixing flat portion 13. Attract pipe 8
<6> A pipe or wire 9 for fixing the upper end portion of the Y-shaped tailoring intermediate attraction pipe 8
<7> A fixing base 10 for fixing the both-end vertical pipe 1, the intermediate vertical pipe 6, and the reinforcing support pipe 5 to the ground.
<8> Fixing pipes 4 provided in each embankment row 11 for connecting the vertical pipes 1 at both ends and the intermediate vertical pipes 6 to each other.
<9> A wire 9 stretched vertically and horizontally via a fixing cap provided at the top of the vertical pipe 1 at both ends and the intermediate vertical pipe 6, and the end of the wire in the direction orthogonal to the embankment row is a bird net. Wire 9 fixed to the pipe for. As a pipe for fixing the upper end portion of the Y-shaped tailoring intermediate attraction pipe 8, all the intermediate vertical pipes 6 in each row of the intermediate vertical pipes 6 in the direction orthogonal to the filling row 11 and the upper end of the intermediate vertical pipe 6 The fruit tree support structure according to claim 1, wherein both end lateral pipes 7 in a direction orthogonal to the filling row 11 are provided in the vicinity, which are joined by using a fixture.

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