JP6911935B2 - 電気炉及び酸化鉄含有鉄原料の溶解及び還元方法 - Google Patents
電気炉及び酸化鉄含有鉄原料の溶解及び還元方法 Download PDFInfo
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- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 328
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 277
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims description 153
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 137
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 99
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 99
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 58
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 26
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D27/00—Stirring devices for molten material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
- C21B11/10—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in electric furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5294—General arrangement or layout of the electric melt shop
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/08—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/08—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
- F27B3/085—Arc furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/22—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
- F27D11/08—Heating by electric discharge, e.g. arc discharge
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
- F27D11/08—Heating by electric discharge, e.g. arc discharge
- F27D11/10—Disposition of electrodes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/10—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents
- C22B9/106—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents the refining being obtained by intimately mixing the molten metal with a molten salt or slag
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/18—Arrangements of devices for charging
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D27/00—Stirring devices for molten material
- F27D2027/002—Gas stirring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/0033—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge charging of particulate material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Description
本願は、2017年10月23日に、日本国に出願された特願2017−204540号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
(1)本発明の一態様に係る電気炉は、1本以上の上部電極と、1本以上の底吹き羽口と、インペラーを具備する機械式攪拌機と、酸化鉄含有鉄原料を投入する投入装置と、を備える電気炉であって、前記底吹き羽口を3本以上有し;前記上部電極を複数本有し;平面視において、前記各上部電極の中心と前記インペラーの中心とを結ぶ各線分のうちで最も短い線分を3等分する2点のうちで、前記インペラーに近い側の点で当該線分と直交する直線を引いたとき、前記各底吹き羽口のうち、少なくとも3本以上の前記底吹き羽口の中心が、前記直交する直線よりも前記各上部電極に近い側にある。
(2)上記(1)に記載の電気炉では、前記平面視において、前記各上部電極の全ての中心と、前記投入装置の原料投入口とが、前記直交する直線よりも前記各上部電極に近い側にある3本以上の前記底吹き羽口の各中心を結ぶ多角形の内側にあってもよい。
(3)本発明の一態様に係る酸化鉄含有鉄原料の溶解及び還元方法は、上記(1)または(2)に記載の電気炉を用いる。この酸化鉄含有鉄原料の溶解及び還元方法では、溶湯が存在する前記電気炉内に、鉄の金属化率が45%以上95%以下の前記酸化鉄含有鉄原料を前記投入装置から投入して溶解及び還元するに際し、前記機械式攪拌機の前記インペラーを前記溶湯中に浸漬して回転させることにより、前記溶湯の表面にあるスラグ及び前記溶湯を攪拌する。
図1に示す電気炉1は直流電気炉であることから、炉底電極10を有している。上部電極2として中実電極を用いても良い。酸化鉄含有鉄原料13は、投入装置6の原料投入口7から溶湯11の表面に向けて投入される。
電気炉1としては、図1、図2A、図3に示した直流電気炉を用いた。この電気炉1は、平面視において炉内半径が4mであり、溶湯11として100トンの溶銑を収容することができるもので、外径800mm、内径200mmの中空構造である。2本の上部電極2が、2mの間隔をあけて図1及び図2Aに示した位置に配置されている。
但し、本発明例において機械式攪拌は、底吹きにより迅速に溶解した酸化鉄含有鉄原料由来のFeOを含むスラグ12及び未溶解の酸化鉄含有鉄原料13を溶銑内に巻き込んで、溶銑内のカーボンとの接触、および溶銑の持つ熱供給の促進効果を、上記(ii)の場合と同等に発揮した。このFeO濃度が最高に達した時点からのFeO濃度の減少速度は、上記(ii)の場合とほぼ同じであったので、この間での底吹き有無の影響は殆ど無かったと言える。
2 上部電極
3 底吹き羽口
4 インペラー
5 機械式攪拌機
6 投入装置
7 原料投入口
10 炉底電極
11 溶湯
12 スラグ
13 酸化鉄含有鉄原料
14 アーク
15 内周
16 電極中心(上部電極の中心)
17 インペラーの中心
18 羽口の中心
20 線分
21 点
22 直線
23 多角形
Claims (3)
- 1本以上の上部電極と、
1本以上の底吹き羽口と、
インペラーを具備する機械式攪拌機と、
酸化鉄含有鉄原料を投入する投入装置と、
を備える電気炉であって、
前記底吹き羽口を3本以上有し;
前記上部電極を複数本有し;
平面視において、
前記各上部電極の中心と前記インペラーの中心とを結ぶ各線分のうちで最も短い線分を3等分する2点のうちで、前記インペラーに近い側の点で当該線分と直交する直線を引いたとき、
前記各底吹き羽口のうち、少なくとも3本以上の前記底吹き羽口の中心が、前記直交する直線よりも前記各上部電極に近い側にある;
ことを特徴とする電気炉。 - 前記平面視において、前記各上部電極の全ての中心と、前記投入装置の原料投入口とが、前記直交する直線よりも前記各上部電極に近い側にある3本以上の前記底吹き羽口の各中心を結ぶ多角形の内側にある
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気炉。 - 請求項1または2に記載の電気炉を用いた、酸化鉄含有鉄原料の溶解及び還元方法であって、
溶湯が存在する前記電気炉内に、鉄の金属化率が45%以上95%以下の前記酸化鉄含有鉄原料を前記投入装置から投入して溶解及び還元するに際し、前記機械式攪拌機の前記インペラーを前記溶湯中に浸漬して回転させることにより、前記溶湯の表面にあるスラグ及び前記溶湯を攪拌する
ことを特徴とする酸化鉄含有鉄原料の溶解及び還元方法。
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CN113699306B (zh) * | 2021-08-25 | 2022-04-12 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | 一种用于直流电弧炉底电极复合底吹多元介质系统及方法 |
CN114001552B (zh) * | 2021-11-01 | 2023-12-19 | 甘肃金麓银峰冶金科技有限公司 | 一种镍铁冶炼矿热炉多用途炉顶插钎机构和方法 |
AU2023257052A1 (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2024-10-03 | Jfe Steel Corporation | Method for melting direct reduced iron, solid iron and method for producing the same, material for civil engineering and construction and method for producing the same, and system for melting direct reduced iron |
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- 2018-10-17 JP JP2019551050A patent/JP6911935B2/ja active Active
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- 2018-10-17 US US16/757,276 patent/US11536514B2/en active Active
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WO2019082762A1 (ja) | 2019-05-02 |
TWI693288B (zh) | 2020-05-11 |
US11536514B2 (en) | 2022-12-27 |
KR20200052927A (ko) | 2020-05-15 |
BR112020006455B1 (pt) | 2023-12-05 |
CN111263821A (zh) | 2020-06-09 |
TW201923095A (zh) | 2019-06-16 |
US20210190427A1 (en) | 2021-06-24 |
EP3705586A1 (en) | 2020-09-09 |
CN111263821B (zh) | 2022-01-11 |
KR102374981B1 (ko) | 2022-03-16 |
EP3705586A4 (en) | 2021-08-04 |
JPWO2019082762A1 (ja) | 2020-10-22 |
CA3079388A1 (en) | 2019-05-02 |
BR112020006455A2 (pt) | 2020-09-29 |
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