JP6911770B2 - コーティング粉末から生成された伝導性複合材 - Google Patents
コーティング粉末から生成された伝導性複合材 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6911770B2 JP6911770B2 JP2017565785A JP2017565785A JP6911770B2 JP 6911770 B2 JP6911770 B2 JP 6911770B2 JP 2017565785 A JP2017565785 A JP 2017565785A JP 2017565785 A JP2017565785 A JP 2017565785A JP 6911770 B2 JP6911770 B2 JP 6911770B2
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 44
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001652 poly(etherketoneketone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011146 organic particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 10
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017083 AlN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002470 thermal conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
− 有機マトリクスに組み込まれる充填剤の性質、
− それらのモルフォロジー(形態)、
− それらの粒径、および
− 伝導性充填剤と有機マトリクスの混合物の総質量に対する伝導性充填剤の質量の割合。
粒子の全体は、前記成形された伝導性複合材料の内部構造内で相互接続し、それにより伝導性材料の連続した3次元ネットワークを形成すること、および
前記伝導性複合材料の伝導性被覆要素の質量の割合が、伝導性複合材料の総質量の1質量%〜30質量%に相当することを特徴とする、伝導性複合材料を提供する。
− ポリエチレン(PE)、ポリプロピレン(PP)、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン(PEEK)、ポリエーテルケトンケトン(PEKK)、ポリ塩化ビニル(PVC)、ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)、およびシリコーンなどの熱可塑性物質、ならびに
− エポキシ、ポリエステル、ポリウレタン、およびアクリルなどの熱硬化性樹脂
から選択されることが有益であり得ると考慮される。
a)荷電もしくは非荷電有機粒子を供給および/または生成する工程と、
b)前記有機粒子を、少なくとも1つの電気および/または熱伝導性材料の1つ以上の層で被覆して、伝導性粒子を形成する工程と、
c)前記伝導性粒子を成形して、伝導性フィルムまたは成分を形成する工程であって、前記成形は事前に規定されている、工程と
を含み、
前記有機粒子を被覆する工程b)は、
前記粒子が2相流動床において懸濁液中に配置される、乾燥表面処理技術を使用して、または回転もしくは振動の機械的手段によって、
あるいは前記粒子が3相流動床において懸濁液中に配置される、粒子の表面における沈殿または重合の酸化還元反応を含む湿潤表面処理技術を使用することによって、または機械的もしくは磁性撹拌手段によって実施される、方法を提供する。
銀被覆試験を、50〜500μmの粒径および不規則なモルフォロジーを有する低密度ポリエチレン粉末で実施した。銀コーティングを自己触媒化学浴(3相流動床)において行う。
比較のために、伝導性複合材料をポリエチレン粉末および銀粉末の従来の混合物から生成した。銀粉末の質量の割合を混合物の総質量に対して70%に設定した。この種類の混合物は、本発明に従って生成される、すなわち、銀でコーティングした有機粒子を含む複合材料と等しい伝導性の特性を有する伝導性複合材料を生じるが、銀粉末の割合が非常に高い。このような材料の微細構造を図9に示す。かなり多くの割合の粉状形態における銀の存在が明らかである。この種の銀の体積割合により、ここで銀粒子の十分に連続したネットワークが形成して材料内の低い抵抗率を生じることが可能となる。
電気抵抗を、2cmの電極間距離で接触圧なしでマイクロオームメータによって測定した。得られた結果を以下の表1に記録する:
銀被覆試験を、10μm〜100μmの粒径および不規則なモルフォロジーを有するPTFE粉末で実施した。銀の塗布は自己触媒化学浴において実施する(3相流動床)。
酸化物被覆試験を、50μm〜300μmの粒径および多孔質モルフォロジーを有するPEKK(ポリエーテルケトンケトン)粉末で実施した。酸化スズの塗布を湿性沈降(3相流動床)によって得る。
Claims (7)
- 伝導性粒子のみからなる焼結高密度伝導性複合材料であって、前記伝導性粒子は、電気および/または熱伝導性材料の少なくとも1つの層で被覆された有機材料のコアを含み、
前記粒子の全体は、前記伝導性複合材料の内部構造内で、伝導性材料の連続した3次元ネットワークを形成するために焼結され、
前記有機材料のコアが、5μm〜300μmの粒径を有し、
前記有機材料のコアが、ポリエチレン(PE)、ポリプロピレン(PP)、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン(PEEK)、ポリエーテルケトンケトン(PEKK)、ポリ塩化ビニル(PVC)、ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)、およびシリコーンから選択される熱可塑性物質であり、
前記伝導性複合材料の層が、金属またはセラミックであり、
前記伝導性複合材料の伝導性被覆要素の質量の割合は、前記伝導性複合材料の総質量の5質量%〜20質量%に相当し、並びに
前記伝導性複合材料は、16.10 −9 Ω.m〜100Ω.mの電気抵抗率および2W.m −1 .K −1 〜50W.m −1 .K −1 の熱伝導率を示すことを特徴とする、焼結高密度伝導性複合材料。 - 前記伝導性複合材料が、フィルムまたは3次元物体の形態である、請求項1に記載の焼結高密度伝導性複合材料。
- 前記有機材料のコアが、球形もしくは層状形態または多孔質の不規則な形態を有するフレーク、フィルム、もしくは顆粒の形態である、請求項1または2に記載の焼結高密度伝導性複合材料。
- 5W.m−1.K−1〜10W.m−1.K−1の熱伝導率を示す、請求項1に記載の焼結高密度伝導性複合材料。
- 前記有機材料のコアが、熱および/または電気伝導性充填剤を含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の焼結高密度伝導性複合材料。
- 前記伝導性充填剤が、黒鉛、グラフェン、カーボンナノチューブ、植物繊維または伝導性ポリマー型の電気および/または熱伝導性材料でコーティングされる、請求項5に記載の焼結高密度伝導性複合材料。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の焼結高密度伝導性複合材料を製造する方法であって、
a)荷電もしくは非荷電有機粒子を供給および/または生成する工程と、
b)前記有機粒子を、少なくとも1つの電気および/または熱伝導性材料の1つ以上の層で被覆して、伝導性粒子を形成する工程と、
c)前記伝導性粒子を、焼結後の圧延、プロトタイピング、熱成形、または溶射から選択される技術によって成形して、伝導性フィルムまたは成分を形成する工程であって、前記成形は事前に規定されている、工程と
を含み、
前記有機粒子を被覆する工程b)は、
前記粒子が2相流動床において懸濁液中に配置される、乾燥表面処理技術を使用して、または回転もしくは振動の機械的手段によって、
あるいは前記粒子が3相流動床において懸濁液中に配置される、粒子の表面における沈殿または重合の酸化還元反応を含む湿潤表面処理技術を使用することによって、または機械的もしくは磁性撹拌手段によって実施される、方法。
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