JP6898431B2 - ディーゼルエンジン排気のための酸化触媒 - Google Patents
ディーゼルエンジン排気のための酸化触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6898431B2 JP6898431B2 JP2019511663A JP2019511663A JP6898431B2 JP 6898431 B2 JP6898431 B2 JP 6898431B2 JP 2019511663 A JP2019511663 A JP 2019511663A JP 2019511663 A JP2019511663 A JP 2019511663A JP 6898431 B2 JP6898431 B2 JP 6898431B2
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- oxide
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 468
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims description 91
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 91
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 219
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 162
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 152
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 131
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 112
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 98
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 95
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 56
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 51
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
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- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
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- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 92
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 37
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 31
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- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 25
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
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- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 12
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 10
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- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 230000010718 Oxidation Activity Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- NWAHZABTSDUXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Pt+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O NWAHZABTSDUXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
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- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
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- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001657 ferrierite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001959 inorganic nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbamate Chemical compound [NH4+].NC([O-])=O BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- DRVWBEJJZZTIGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ce+3].[Ce+3] DRVWBEJJZZTIGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
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- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVRQVWSVLMGPRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxotungsten Chemical class [W]=O VVRQVWSVLMGPRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009044 synergistic interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明の酸化触媒は触媒領域を含む。二つ以上の触媒領域を含む酸化触媒において、鉄又はその酸化物と、アルミナを含む耐火性酸化物である担体材料とを含む触媒領域は、本明細書では「第1の触媒領域」と称される。
第2の触媒領域は、追加の機能性を有する酸化触媒を提供するために配合されうる。第2の触媒領域と組み合わされた第1の触媒領域の存在は、全体として、又は第2の触媒領域の活性として、酸化触媒の活性を増強しうる。活性におけるこの増強は、第1の触媒領域と第2の触媒領域との間に相乗的な相互作用をもたらしうる。第1の触媒領域の低いCOライトオフ温度は、第2の触媒領域を迅速にそのライトオフ温度にすることのできる熱を生成しうる。
第2又は第3の触媒領域はPNA活性を有しうる。受動的NOx吸収剤(PNA)は、比較的低い排気ガス温度(例えば、200℃未満)において、通常吸収によりNOxを貯蔵又は吸収し、より高い温度でNOxを放出する。PNAのNOx貯蔵及び放出メカニズムは、貯蔵されたNOxを放出するのにリッチパージを要するLNTのものとは異なり、熱的に制御されている。
第2又は第3の触媒領域はLNT活性を有しうる。通常動作中、ディーゼルエンジンは、「リーン」組成を有する排気ガスを生成する。LNTは、無機硝酸塩を形成することによって排気ガスからの窒素酸化物(NOx)を貯蔵又は捕捉することができるNOx貯蔵成分を含む。NOx貯蔵成分からNOxを放出するために、例えばNOx貯蔵成分がほぼ貯蔵容量に達するとき、ディーゼルエンジンは、リッチ条件下で動作し、「リッチ」組成を有する排気ガスを生成しうる。これらの条件下で、NOx貯蔵成分の無機硝酸塩は分解し、主に、二酸化窒素(NO2)といくつかの酸化窒素(NO)を形成する。LNTは、排気ガス中に存在する炭化水素(HC)、一酸化炭素(CO)又は水素(H2)で放出されたNOxをN2又はNH3に触媒的に還元することができる白金族金属成分を含有しうる。
第2又は第3の触媒領域は、ディーゼルエンジンにより生成された排気ガス中の炭化水素(HC)及び/又は酸化窒素(NO)を酸化させることを目的としうる(例えば、第2又は第3の触媒領域は、ディーゼル酸化触媒領域であるか、又はディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)活性を有する)。
本発明の酸化触媒は基材を含む。基材は、典型的には、入口端及び出口端を有する。
本発明はまた、排出制御装置と本発明の酸化触媒とを備えた排気システムも提供する。排出制御装置の例としては、ディーゼル微粒子フィルター(DPF)、リーンNOXトラップ(LNT)、リーンNOX触媒(LNC)、選択的触媒還元(SCR)触媒、ディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)、触媒化スートフィルター(CSF)、選択的触媒還元フィルター(SCRFTM)触媒、アンモニアスリップ触媒(ASC)及びこれらの2以上の組合せが挙げられる。このような排出制御装置は当技術分野でよく知られている。
本発明の別の態様は車両に関する。車両はディーゼルエンジンを備える。ディーゼルエンジンは、本発明の排気システムに結合している。
本明細書で使用される場合の用語「領域」とは基材上の、典型的にはウォッシュコートを乾燥及び/又は焼成することにより得られる領域を指す。例えば、「領域」は、基材上に「層」又は「ゾーン」として配置又は担持され得る。基材上のエリア又は配置は一般に、基材にウォッシュコートを塗布する工程の間、制御される。一般に、「領域」は、明確な境界又は縁を有する(すなわち一般的な分析技術を用いて、1つの領域を別の領域から区別することが可能である)。
(a)基材の入口チャネルの閉塞端(例えば遮断端又は塞栓端)よりも入口チャネルの入口端(例えば開放端)に近いゾーン、及び/又は
(b)基材の出口チャネルの出口端(例えば開放端)よりも出口チャネルの閉塞端(例えば遮断端又は塞栓端)に近いゾーン。
(a)基材の出口チャネルの(例えば遮断又は塞栓された)閉塞端よりも出口チャネルの出口端(例えば開放端)に近いゾーン、及び/又は
(b)基材の入口チャネルの入口端(例えば開放端)よりも入口チャネルの閉塞端(例えば遮断又は塞栓端)に近いゾーン。
硝酸鉄を水に溶解し、初期湿潤法を使用してアルミナ粉末上に含浸させた。この材料を105℃で乾燥し、その後500℃でか焼した。か焼した粉末を初期湿潤法により硝酸白金及び硝酸パラジウム溶液で共含浸させた。この材料を105℃で乾燥し、その後500℃でか焼した。最終触媒粉末は、10:1 w/wのPt:Pd比で2.5重量%のPGMローディングを有した。Feローディングは5重量%であった。
硝酸鉄を水に溶解し、初期湿潤法を使用してアルミナ粉末上に含浸させた。この材料を105℃で乾燥し、その後500℃でか焼した。か焼した粉末を初期湿潤法により硝酸白金及び硝酸パラジウム溶液で共含浸させた。この材料を105℃で乾燥し、その後500℃でか焼した。最終触媒粉末は、4:1 w/wのPt:Pd比で2.5重量%のPGMローディングを有した。Feローディングは5重量%であった。
アルミナ粉末を初期湿潤法により硝酸白金及び硝酸パラジウム溶液で共含浸させた。この材料を105℃で乾燥し、その後500℃でか焼した。最終触媒粉末は、10:1 w/wのPt:Pd比で2.5重量%のPGMローディングを有した。
アルミナ粉末を初期湿潤法により硝酸白金及び硝酸パラジウム溶液で共含浸させた。この材料を105℃で乾燥し、その後500℃でか焼した。最終触媒粉末は、4:1 w/wのPt:Pd比で2.5重量%のPGMローディングを有した。
実施例1から4の触媒を、10%水を使用して、オーブン内で750℃で15時間、水熱劣化させた。合成ガスベンチ触媒活性試験(SCAT)を使用して触媒活性を決定した。255から350ミクロンのサイズ分画の0.4gの劣化した触媒粉末を、表1に示される模擬排気ガス混合物中で試験した。各事例において、残部は窒素である。50%の変換が達成されるライトオフ温度(T50)により、CO及びHCに対する酸化活性を決定した。SCAT結果を表2に示す。
Claims (14)
- ディーゼルエンジンにより生成された排気ガスを処理するための排気システムであって、排気システムが、触媒領域と基材とを含む酸化触媒を含み、
触媒領域が、基材に配置され、第1の触媒領域と第2の触媒領域を含み、
ここで、基材に配置された第1の触媒領域が、
≧10nmの平均粒子サイズを有する、鉄(Fe)又はその酸化物;
白金(Pt)または、白金のパラジウムに対する重量比が≧10:1である白金(Pt)とパラジウム(Pd);並びに
アルミナを含む耐火性酸化物である担体材料
を含む触媒材料を含み、
白金族金属(PGM)及び鉄(Fe)又はその酸化物がそれぞれ、担体材料上に担持されており、
基材に配置された第2の触媒領域が、受動的NOx吸収剤(PNA)活性、ディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)活性またはリーンNOXトラップ(LNT)活性を有し、
ここで、
(i) 第1の触媒領域が、第2の触媒領域の上流に配置されるか、または
(ii)第1の触媒領域が、第1の触媒層であり、第2の触媒領域が、第2の触媒層であり、第1の触媒層が、第2の触媒層に配置されるか、または担持される、
排気システム。 - 耐火性酸化物が、シリカ−アルミナ、セリア−アルミナ、チタニア−アルミナ、ジルコニア−アルミナ及びアルミナ−酸化マグネシウムからなる群より選択されるアルミナを含む混合又は複合酸化物である、請求項1に記載の排気システム。
- 耐火性酸化物がアルミナである、請求項1に記載の排気システム。
- 耐火性酸化物が微粒子状耐火性酸化物であり、鉄又はその酸化物が微粒子状耐火性酸化物の表面上に分散している、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 第1の触媒領域が、担体材料の一部である耐火性酸化物の量に対して、0.1から15.0重量%の量で鉄を含む、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 触媒材料が、10:1から1:10の白金族金属(PGM)の鉄(Fe)に対する重量比を含む、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 第1の触媒領域が、炭化水素吸着剤材料をさらに含む、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 第2の触媒領域が、PNA活性を有し、貴金属と、貴金属を含有するモレキュラーシーブとを含むモレキュラーシーブ触媒を含む、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 第2の触媒領域が、LNT活性を有し、窒素酸化物(NOx)貯蔵材料を含む、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 第2の触媒領域が、DOC活性を有し、白金(Pt)、マンガン(Mn)及び担体材料を含む、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 基材がフロースルーモノリス又はフィルタリングモノリスである、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- ディーゼル微粒子フィルター(DPF)、リーンNOXトラップ(LNT)、リーンNOX触媒(LNC)、選択的触媒還元(SCR)触媒、ディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)、触媒化スートフィルター(CSF)、選択的触媒還元フィルター触媒、アンモニアスリップ触媒(ASC)またはこれらの2以上の組合せである、排出制御装置を更に備える、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の排気システム。
- ディーゼルエンジンと、請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載の排気システムのいずれかとを備える車両。
- ディーゼルエンジンにより生成された排気ガスを処理するための方法であって、ディーゼルエンジンにより生成された排気ガスを、請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載の排気システムに通す工程を含む、方法。
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GBGB1614677.1A GB201614677D0 (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | Oxidation catalyst for a diesel engine exhaust |
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PCT/GB2017/052520 WO2018042167A1 (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2017-08-29 | Oxidation catalyst for a diesel engine exhaust |
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