JP6886467B2 - 水性媒体中に分散された液滴 - Google Patents
水性媒体中に分散された液滴 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003361 porogen Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- QWMJEUJXWVZSAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-ethenylphenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 QWMJEUJXWVZSAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 68
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 38
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 35
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 34
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 29
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- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- ZADPBFCGQRWHPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N boronic acid Chemical compound OBO ZADPBFCGQRWHPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 8
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000005620 boronic acid group Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 boronic acid ester Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical group C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000003636 chemical group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
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- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005865 ionizing radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylboronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-N-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)NC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical group CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSNMPAVSZJSIMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N COc1c(C)c2COC(=O)c2c(O)c1CC(O)C1(C)CCC(=O)O1 Chemical compound COc1c(C)c2COC(=O)c2c(O)c1CC(O)C1(C)CCC(=O)O1 WSNMPAVSZJSIMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical class C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004931 aggregating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002152 aqueous-organic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- LYTDAPQDKKIENM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butoxy(phenyl)borinic acid Chemical compound CCCCOB(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LYTDAPQDKKIENM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002605 large molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002356 laser light scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001297 nitrogen containing inorganic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012966 redox initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021067 refined food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/20—Aqueous medium with the aid of macromolecular dispersing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F230/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal
- C08F230/04—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing a metal
- C08F230/06—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing a metal containing boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F16/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
- C08F16/02—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an alcohol radical
- C08F16/04—Acyclic compounds
- C08F16/06—Polyvinyl alcohol ; Vinyl alcohol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/18—Suspension polymerisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/55—Boron-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/08—Cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/26—Cellulose ethers
- C08L1/28—Alkyl ethers
- C08L1/286—Alkyl ethers substituted with acid radicals, e.g. carboxymethyl cellulose [CMC]
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
(i)1つ以上のボロン酸を含む有機溶液と、
(ii)ポリビニルアルコールを含む水溶液と、を接触させることを含む。
(I)水性媒体中に分散された液滴を含む組成物を提供することであって、液滴が1つ以上のボロン酸、1つ以上のモノマー、及び1つ以上の開始剤を含み、水性媒体はポリビニルアルコールを含む、提供することと、
(II)組成物に刺激を与え(stress)、開始剤がモノマーの重合を開始することと、を含む。
[態様1]水性媒体中に分散された液滴を含む組成物であって、前記液滴が、1つ以上のボロン酸を含み、前記水性媒体が、ポリビニルアルコールを含む、組成物。
[態様2]前記1つ以上のボロン酸が、前記液滴の重量に基づき0.0015重量%〜0.03重量%の量で存在する、態様1に記載の組成物。
[態様3]前記ポリビニルアルコールが、前記水性媒体の重量に基づき0.01重量%〜0.5重量%の量で存在する、態様1に記載の組成物。
[態様4]前記液滴が、1つ以上のモノマー及び1つ以上の開始剤をさらに含む、態様1に記載の組成物。
[態様5]前記液滴が、1つ以上のモノマー及び1つ以上の開始剤をさらに含み、前記1つ以上のモノマーが、前記液滴の重量に基づき95重量%〜99.99重量%の量で存在する、態様1に記載の組成物。
[態様6]前記液滴が1つ以上のポロゲンをさらに含み、前記1つ以上のポロゲンが、前記液滴の重量に基づき10重量%〜60重量%の量で存在する、態様1に記載の組成物。
以下は本発明の実施例である。
DI水=脱イオン水
CMMC=カルボキシメチルメチルセルロース
PVOH1=SelVol(商標)523ポリビニルアルコール、87〜89加水分解%、重合度1000〜1500、Sekisui Specialty Chemicals製
PVOH2=SelVol(商標)540ポリビニルアルコール、87〜89加水分解%、重合度1600〜2200、Sekisui Specialty Chemicals製
DVB=ジビニルベンゼン(純度、63重量%)
BPO=過酸化ベンゾイル(純度、75重量%)
スチレン(純度>99%)
VPBA=4−ビニルフェニルボロン酸
組成物は以下のように、界面張力試験(IFT)を受けた。
a)正常:IFT試験の正常な挙動:リングは水/有機界面を通り抜け、次いで、ある非常に短い距離で界面がリングから分離して有機層に入る。有機層の上面がリングの下に下降したとき、リングには構造物は付着していない。
b)膜:皿が下降するとき、水溶液と有機溶液との間の界面は、破断しない膜の様に挙動した。リングが有機溶液の層の中を通り抜けるとき、見かけの膜がリングに付着したままであり、リングを覆って水溶液と有機溶液との間の界面と接触し続けた。これは、有機層がリングより下に下がってもなお続いている。リングが有機溶液層を通り抜けるときは「IFT」値(リングに作用される力)は比較的低いままであり(下記表に「IFT」として報告)、リングが有機溶液層と空気との間の界面を通り抜けるとき、比較的高い値に跳ね上がった(下記「観察」に「空気IFT」として報告)。
c)皮:試験終了時、皿が下降すると、1本、時には数本のひもがリングに付着しているのが見られた。これらのひもは、非常に細いが(100μm未満に見積もられる)、長さが3〜4cmにもなり得る。このひもは時には、リングから水溶液及び有機溶液を入れた容器の端へ延びている。IFTの計測が進行中の間、「膜」の挙動が観察されるとき、殆ど常にひもの存在が見られた。
d)沈殿:白色沈殿物が試験を始める前に水層中に形成された。いくつかのケースでは、リングはモノマー層を通り抜けなかった。
有機溶液は、以下の成分を組み合わせることにより調製された。
水溶液は、以下の成分を組み合わせることにより調製された。
有機溶液の層と水溶液の層との間の界面は上記のIFT手順を使用して試験した。この試験で強い界面は、水溶液及び有機溶液の同一の組み合わせが、水溶液中の有機溶液の液滴の良好な懸濁液を形成するであろうことを示すと考えられる。「約」は、およそを意味する。結果は以下の通りであった。
懸濁液の調製の間、いくつかの個々の成分または部分的な混合物が、必要な場合、一時的に加熱され、良好な混合を達成した。しかし、懸濁液は約25℃で提供された。
懸濁液の調製の間、いくつかの個々の成分または部分的な混合物が、必要な場合、一時的に加熱され、良好な混合を達成した。しかし、懸濁液は約25℃で提供された。
Claims (6)
- 水性媒体中に分散された液滴を含む組成物であって、前記液滴が、該液滴の重量に基づき0.003重量%〜0.03重量%の4−ビニルフェニルボロン酸を含み、前記水性媒体が、ポリビニルアルコールを含む、組成物。
- 前記4−ビニルフェニルボロン酸が、前記液滴の重量に基づき0.004重量%〜0.03重量%の量で存在する、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記ポリビニルアルコールが、前記水性媒体の重量に基づき0.01重量%〜0.5重量%の量で存在する、請求項1または2に記載の組成物。
- 前記液滴が、1つ以上のモノマー及び1つ以上の開始剤をさらに含む、請求項1または2に記載の組成物。
- 前記液滴が、1つ以上のモノマー及び1つ以上の開始剤をさらに含み、前記1つ以上のモノマーが、前記液滴の重量に基づき95重量%〜99.99重量%の量で存在する、請求項1または2に記載の組成物。
- 前記液滴が1つ以上のポロゲンをさらに含み、前記1つ以上のポロゲンが、前記液滴の重量に基づき10重量%〜60重量%の量で存在する、請求項1または2に記載の組成物。
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