JP6885919B2 - 涙器系薬剤送達装置 - Google Patents
涙器系薬剤送達装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6885919B2 JP6885919B2 JP2018222254A JP2018222254A JP6885919B2 JP 6885919 B2 JP6885919 B2 JP 6885919B2 JP 2018222254 A JP2018222254 A JP 2018222254A JP 2018222254 A JP2018222254 A JP 2018222254A JP 6885919 B2 JP6885919 B2 JP 6885919B2
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- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
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Description
本願は、2013年1月15日に出願の米国仮特許出願番号第61/752,742号の利益を請求するものであり、この文献は参照により援用される。
本発明の理解を容易にするために、いくつかの用語を以下に定義する。
2.第1のチューブ
3.第2のチューブ
4.第3のチューブ
5.流れを限定する能力を含むフェースプレート
6.生体内崩壊部
7.遠位膜
8.内部プランジャー
9.出口ポート
10.内部バネ
11.内部プランジャー
12.微小電気機械システムバネ圧レギュレータ
13.ニチノールケージ
眼および涙器系関連の症状を処置するために設計された様々な治療装置が存在する。これらの中の基本的なものは涙器の涙点プラグである。いくつかの装置が存在し、有益な特徴を有しているが、本発明の利点を有するものではない。
[5]は、QLTにより保有されている取り外し可能な薬剤放出涙器インプラントを開示している。このプラグは対象の涙点に埋め込まれる。このような涙点プラグは、薬剤コアの溶解に対する涙の動きに応じて涙膜への送達で浸食する薬剤コアに含まれている。この薬剤コアは定着性(sedentary)であり、かつ涙は、薬剤を分布させるために、リザーバーの中におよび外に流れることが必要とされる。この投与は、本発明の弾性リザーバーシステムおよび涙膜への流体の能動的な「押し出し」を教示するものではない。
本発明は、涙器系薬剤送達装置として設計された埋め込み型医療装置を含む。これは、遠位端が上涙点または下涙点に隣接する涙膜に近接しかつ対向端が、薬剤または他の治療溶液などの活性成分を充填できる弾性リザーバー(涙嚢に配置される)を形成する可撓性物質から構成されるように、埋め込むことのできる、可撓性弾性リザーバーに関連した涙器系装置である。一旦充填されると、活性成分は弾性リザーバーから遠位開口部へと「押し出され」、涙膜に近接する。次いで薬剤が涙膜へ入り、眼の組織により吸収されて多様な眼疾患を処置する。本装置は、涙管システムの終結部を介して鼻腔に接続してもよく、または接続しなくてもよい。本装置のバルーンからの薬剤の放出は、非膨張状態に戻ろうとする弾性リザーバーの作用に完全に依存している。活性ポンプは必要とされていない。本装置の最終的な目標は、定期的かつ着実な方法で眼の表面に薬剤を長期間送達することである。涙点プラグまたは涙器プラグを使用して涙膜に薬剤を送達する他の装置は、涙膜と接触した後に分解する薬剤コアによりこのような送達を行っている。
図10は、別個のニチノール装置13が、ニチノールケージ13が直線状のワイヤを含むように充填する前に、リザーバー1の周辺に構築される装置の1実施形態を示す。一旦充填されると、リザーバー1はニチノールを外側に押し出し、次いでニチノールは非弾性または半弾性の物質に作用して上部(出口ポート)の流れ限定膜7に向かって流体をゆっくりと押し出す。1つの実施形態では、弾性リザーバー1は、最低1週間、1日当たり0.1マイクロリットル〜30.0マイクロリットルの固定した比率で流体+/−活性成分を眼の表面に送達する。別の実施形態では、この送達は、最低60日間成し遂げられる。
以下の実施例は、本発明の好ましい実施形態および態様を示しかつさらに例示するために提供され、本発明の範囲を限定するよう構築されるものではない。
1実施形態、基礎データ
人工涙液および使用する可能性のある物質である他の局所薬物および弾性構成要素の様々な流体特性を考慮して、試料の計算を行って実験用の論理的な開始時の根拠を作製した。以下は、3種類の試料(PTFE、シリコーンゴム、ポリイミド)のそれぞれで実施した計算の要約である。スプレッドシート、ベルヌーイの流れの等式、ならびにヤング率などのバルーン物質の弾性特性および遠位端の直径を使用して、以下の推定評価を計算して、7マイクロリットル/日の流量を得、かつバルーンを100日間機能させることができた。
PTFE:
内部チューブの直径:1.55×10−6m
弾性リザーバーの容積:7×10−4L
ポリイミド:
内部チューブの直径:8.43×10−7m
弾性リザーバーの容積:7×10−4L
シリコーンゴム:
内部チューブの直径:3.37×10−6m
弾性リザーバーの容積:7×10−4L
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Claims (17)
- 涙器系薬剤送達装置であって、
a)充填ポートおよび出口ポートを有しており、液体を受容し、ひずむまで充填し、そして使用の際に力を提供して液体を当該自己圧縮性リザーバーから送達するように構成された自己圧縮性リザーバーであって、前記自己圧縮性リザーバーが前記自己圧縮性リザーバー内の液体を、前記ひずみに応じて圧縮し、それにより使用の際に前記自己圧縮性リザーバーから液体を送達するための力を提供するための弾性特性を有する、自己圧縮性リザーバーと、
b)前記出口ポートに連結されかつ流れ限定ポートを含む第1のチューブであって、前記第1のチューブが前記流れ限定ポートで終結し、前記装置が、使用の間に最低1週間にわたり1日あたり0.1マイクロリットルと30.0マイクロリットルとの間の固定した比率で流体を送達する、第1のチューブと、
を含む、装置。 - 前記装置が、前記充填ポートに連結された第2のチューブをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記リザーバーが、活性成分を備える組成物を含む流体をさらに含む、請求項2に記載の装置。
- 前記リザーバーが解剖学的な固定を可能にする、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記解剖学的な固定が装置保持特徴である、請求項4に記載の装置。
- 前記出口ポートが内部プランジャーに連結される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記出口ポートが、前記内部プランジャーに連結された内部バネに連結される、請求項6に記載の装置。
- 前記装置が、微小電気機械システムバネ圧レギュレータをさらに含む、請求項7に記載の装置。
- 前記装置が生体内崩壊性物質で作製される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記装置がマイクロ多孔性物質で作製される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記装置がナノ多孔性物質で作製される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記装置が医療用の物質で作製される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記流れ限定ポートが流れレギュレータを含む、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記流れ限定ポートがフィルターを含む、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記流れ限定ポートが少なくとも1つのナノ多孔性膜を含む、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのナノ多孔性膜を、前記装置の遠位端からの流れを調節するために使用することができる、請求項15に記載の装置。
- 前記流体の流れが弁により制御される。請求項1に記載の装置。
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