JP6874764B2 - 合わせガラス - Google Patents
合わせガラス Download PDFInfo
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- JP6874764B2 JP6874764B2 JP2018519254A JP2018519254A JP6874764B2 JP 6874764 B2 JP6874764 B2 JP 6874764B2 JP 2018519254 A JP2018519254 A JP 2018519254A JP 2018519254 A JP2018519254 A JP 2018519254A JP 6874764 B2 JP6874764 B2 JP 6874764B2
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- interlayer film
- glass
- laminated glass
- layer
- plasticizer
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- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 title claims description 173
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 236
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 203
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims description 129
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 112
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 38
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000011354 acetal resin Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004036 acetal group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006124 Pilkington process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006359 acetalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000021736 acetylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006640 acetylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003286 aryl halide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003426 chemical strengthening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001230 polyarylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxocalcium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+].[Ca]=O HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10605—Type of plasticiser
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/027—Thermal properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
- B32B2307/102—Insulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
- B60J1/001—Double glazing for vehicles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
以下、合わせガラス10Aを構成する各要素について説明する。
合わせガラス10Aにおける1対のガラス板1A、1Bの板厚は、合わせガラス10Aの用途、用いるガラス板の材質、組み合わせる中間膜等に応じて、適宜選択できる。ガラス板1A、1Bの板厚は、合わせガラス10Aの中間膜質量%を上記好ましい範囲にする板厚が好ましい。ガラス板1A、1Bの板厚は、これらを勘案して、一般的にはそれぞれ0.1〜10mmとすることができる。なお、合わせガラス10Aの面密度を上記好ましい範囲にするには、ガラス板1A、1Bの板厚は、0.3〜2.5mmが好ましい。
合わせガラス10Aにおける中間膜2Aは、ガラス板1A側からガラス板1B側に向かってスキン層41、コア層31、スキン層42、コア層32、スキン層43、コア層33、スキン層44の順に7層が積層された構成である。中間膜2Aは、ガラス板1A、1Bの間に配置され、ガラス板1A、1Bを接着して合わせガラス10Aとして一体化する機能を有するものである。
本発明の合わせガラスは、互いに対向する1対のガラス板と、該1対のガラス板間に挟持される上記構成の中間膜を備え、中間膜質量%が好ましくは上記の範囲である。合わせガラスの面密度についても上記のとおりである。本発明においては、得られる合わせガラスとして、中間膜質量%および面密度が上記範囲となるように上記ガラス板および中間膜を適宜組み合わせることが好ましい。
実施形態の合わせガラスは、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、その他の層として、1対のガラス板の間に機能フィルムを有してもよい。機能フィルムを有する場合は、例えば、上記のとおり複数層で構成される中間膜の層間に機能フィルムを挟持させる構成が好ましい。
本発明の実施形態の合わせガラスは、一般的に用いられる公知の技術により製造できる。合わせガラス10Aにおいては、上記のようにしてスキン層41、コア層31、スキン層42、コア層32、スキン層43、コア層33、スキン層44の順に積層した中間膜2Aを作製し、あるいは各層の製膜時に共押出しで中間膜2Aを作製し、これを1対のガラス板1A、1Bの間に挿入して、ガラス板1A、中間膜2(ただし、ガラス板1A側にスキン層41が位置する)、ガラス板1Bの順に積層された圧着前の合わせガラスである合わせガラス前駆体を準備する。その他の層を有する場合も、同様に得られる合わせガラスと同様の積層順にガラス板と各層を積層して合わせガラス前駆体を準備する。
表1に示す構成の例1の合わせガラスを以下のとおり製造し、評価した。なお、例1の合わせガラスは、図1A、1Bに示される合わせガラス10Aと同様の構成である。
(中間膜の製造または準備)
表1に示す7層の積層構成の中間膜を製造した。なお、中間膜におけるスキン層には厚み以外は全て同じPVBシート(Tgs;30℃、PVBと可塑剤を質量比70:30で含有。)を用いた。また、コア層としては全て厚みが0.1mmのPVBシート(Tgc;3℃、PVBと可塑剤を質量比60:40で含有。)を用いた。
上記のようにして製造または準備した中間膜を、表1に示す板厚のガラス板1A、1B間に挟み込むように積層し、図1A、1Bの合わせガラス10Aと同様の構成となるように、ガラス板1A、中間膜2A、ガラス板1Bを積層し、積層体とした。この積層体を真空バッグに入れ、真空バッグ内が−60kPa以下の減圧度となるように脱気しながら110℃で圧着を行った後、温度140℃、圧力1.3MPaの条件でさらに圧着を行うことにより合わせガラスを得た。なお、用いたガラス板は全てソーダライムガラス(25mm×300mm)であり、中間膜のサイズは予めガラス板と同じサイズにして積層に用いた。
表1に示す構成の例2の合わせガラスを、中間膜におけるスキン層およびコア層におけるPVBと可塑剤との質量比、および各層の厚みを調整した以外は例1と同様にして製造した。
表1に示す積層構成の1層のコア層が2層のスキン層で挟持された3層の中間膜を製造した。なお、例3の中間膜における2層のスキン層41、42は例1のスキン層41と同じものを、コア層は例1のコア層と同じものを用いた。例1と同様にして中間膜を得、これを用いて、例1と同様にして合わせガラスを製造した。なお、例3における中間膜は主面方向において可塑剤量が均一な中間膜であり、中間膜の一部を主面に対して垂直な面で切断して、主面における単位面積当たりの可塑剤量[mg/mm2]を上記の方法で測定した。得られた可塑剤量[mg/mm2]は、合わせガラスの中間膜における領域(x)における可塑剤量[mg/mm2]と同じである。
例1、2、3で得られた合わせガラスの耐発泡性および遮音性を以下のようにして測定した。結果を表1に示す。
各例で得られた合わせガラスについて、サンシャインカーボンアーク灯式耐候性試験機(SWOM、スガ試験機社製)を用いて、ブラックパネル温度(BPT)が83℃、降雨なしの条件で、太陽模擬光線を3000時間照射する耐候性試験を行った。
各例で得られた合わせガラスについて、周波数0〜10000Hz、温度20℃における1次共振点の損失係数を、ISO_PAS_16940に準拠し、小野測器社製、中央加振法測定システム(MA−5500、DS−2000)を用いて測定した。
Claims (6)
- 互いに対向する1対のガラス板と、
前記1対のガラス板間に挟持される中間膜であり、それぞれポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤を含有する、ガラス転移点が15℃以上のスキン層と、ガラス転移点が15℃未満のコア層と、が交互に積層され、前記コア層を3層以上有し、かつ、前記中間膜の端部から内側に5mmから6mmまでの領域で測定される前記中間膜の主面の単位面積当たりの可塑剤量が、0.3mg/mm2以上である中間膜と、
を備える合わせガラス。 - 前記中間膜の厚みが1.10mm以上である請求項1記載の合わせガラス。
- 前記中間膜と前記1対のガラス板の合計質量に対する前記中間膜の質量の割合が13質量%以上である、請求項1または2記載の合わせガラス。
- 前記中間膜は前記1対のガラス板の対向面に接するようにスキン層を有し、前記1対のガラス板にそれぞれ最も近い1対のコア層間の厚みが0.45mm以上である請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス。
- 前記中間膜は前記1対のガラス板の対向面に接するようにスキン層を有し、前記1対のガラス板にそれぞれ最も近い1対のコア層間に配置される層全体の面密度が0.5kg/m2以上である請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス。
- 温度20℃の条件下、0〜10000Hzの周波数領域で測定される1次共振点における損失係数が0.35以上である請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス。
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