JP6864922B2 - アルミニウム系クラッド型材の製造方法 - Google Patents
アルミニウム系クラッド型材の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6864922B2 JP6864922B2 JP2019102904A JP2019102904A JP6864922B2 JP 6864922 B2 JP6864922 B2 JP 6864922B2 JP 2019102904 A JP2019102904 A JP 2019102904A JP 2019102904 A JP2019102904 A JP 2019102904A JP 6864922 B2 JP6864922 B2 JP 6864922B2
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 122
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 96
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 78
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 56
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical group CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000411 inducer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- CAVCGVPGBKGDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynemethyl(alumanylidynemethylalumanylidenemethylidene)alumane Chemical compound [Al]#C[Al]=C=[Al]C#[Al] CAVCGVPGBKGDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012770 industrial material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014451 palmoplantar keratoderma and congenital alopecia 2 Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
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Description
ただし、アルミニウム系クラッド型材は、前述した様々な利点があるものの、機械的、物理的性質が相対的に低くて活用度が低い状況であり、さらに複雑で多様な環境に適用するためには、アルミニウムと異種材料とを複合して、耐食性、機械的特性、加工性などの機能が向上したアルミニウム系クラッド型材を開発する必要がある。
次に、前記得られた複合粉末でビレット(billet)を製造する(S20)。
図3を参照すると、まず、中空円筒状の第1ビレット11の内部に、前記第1ビレット11とは成分が異なる第2ビレット12を配置して複合ビレットを製造することができる。
この時、前記第1ビレット11は、中空円筒状であって、一方の入口が閉じた缶(can)状、または両方の入口が開いた中空円筒状であり得る。前記第1ビレット11は、アルミニウム、銅、マグネシウムなどからなり得る。前記第1ビレット11は、前記金属母材を溶融させた後、鋳型に注入して中空円筒状に製造するか、或いは機械加工して製造することができる。
(実施例1)
カーボンナノチューブは、純度99.5%、直径10nm以下及び長さ30μm以下を有し(ルクセンブルク、(株)OCSiAl社製)、アルミニウム粉末は、平均粒径45μm、純度99.8%(韓国、MetalPlayer製)のものを使用した。
実施例1と同様の方法で、前記カーボンナノチューブの含有量が1体積部であるアルミニウム−CNT複合粉末を製造し、複合ビレットを製造した。
実施例1と同様の方法で、前記カーボンナノチューブの含有量が3体積部であるアルミニウム−CNT複合粉末を製造し、複合ビレットを製造した。
CNT10重量%とアルミニウム粉末80重量%とを混合したアルミニウム−CNT混合物を分散誘導剤(溶媒と天然ゴム液を1:1で混合した溶液)と1:1で混合し、超音波を12分間照射して分散混合物を製造した後、分散混合物を管状炉で不活性雰囲気、500℃で1.5時間熱処理して分散誘導剤成分を完全に除去することにより、アルミニウム−CNT混合物を製造した。
実施例及び比較例で製造されたアルミニウム系クラッド型材の引張強度、延伸率及びビッカース硬さを測定し、その結果を下記表1に示した。
2)Al3003:アルミニウム3003
前記表1を参照すると、実施例で製造されたアルミニウム系クラッド型材は、強い材質(Al6063)とソフトな材質(Al3003)の材料を用いて押し出したアルミニウム系クラッド型材に比べて強度と延性を同時に持っていることが分かる。
実施例及び比較例で製造されたアルミニウム系クラッド型材の耐食性の特性を測定し、その結果を下記表2に示した。
2)Al3003:アルミニウム3003
前記表2を参照すると、実施例で製造されたアルミニウム系クラッド型材は、強い材質(Al6063)と耐食性に優れた材質(Al3003)の材料を用いて少量のCNTの添加でも押し出したアルミニウム系クラッド型材に比べて耐食性が非常に向上することを確認することができる。また、比較例1で製造されたアルミニウム系クラッド型材は、純合金よりも高い値を示すが、実施例2で製造されたアルミニウム系クラッド型材よりは低いことが分かる。
11 第1ビレット
12 第2ビレット
13 第3ビレット
20 金属缶
G ガイダー
C キャップ
30 プロファイル
31 プロファイルボディ
32 T字型スロット
33 隔壁
Claims (9)
- アルミニウム粉末及びカーボンナノチューブ(CNT)をボールミル(ball mill)して複合粉末を製造する複合粉末製造段階と、
前記複合粉末でビレット(billet)を製造するビレット製造段階と、
前記ビレットを押出ダイス(extrusion dies)を用いて直接押出(direct extrusion)させる直接押出段階とを含み、
前記ビレットは、
アルミニウムからなる缶状の第1ビレット、
前記第1ビレットの内部に配置され、アルミニウム粉末100体積部に対してカーボンナノチューブを0.09体積部乃至10体積部で含む複合粉末からなる第2ビレット、及び
前記第2ビレットの内部に配置され、アルミニウム粉末100体積部に対してカーボンナノチューブを0.08体積部で含む複合粉末からなる第3ビレットからなる、アルミニウム系クラッド型材の製造方法。 - 前記ボールミルは、150r/min乃至300r/minの低速または300r/min以上の高速で、12時間乃至48時間の間、前記複合粉末100体積部に対して100体積部乃至1500体積部のボール及び10体積部乃至50体積部の有機溶剤と共に、水平型またはプラネタリーボールミル機を用いて行われる、請求項1に記載のアルミニウム系クラッド型材の製造方法。
- 前記有機溶剤がヘプタンである、請求項2に記載のアルミニウム系クラッド型材の製造方法。
- 前記ビレット製造段階は、前記複合粉末を10MPa乃至100MPaの高圧で圧着させる工程を含む、請求項1に記載のアルミニウム系クラッド型材の製造方法。
- 前記ビレット製造段階は、前記複合粉末を30MPa乃至100MPaの圧力下、280℃乃至600℃の温度で1秒乃至30分間放電プラズマ焼結(spark plasma sintering)させる工程を含む、請求項1に記載のアルミニウム系クラッド型材の製造方法。
- 前記押出ダイス(extrusion dies)が中空ダイスである、請求項1に記載のアルミニウム系クラッド型材の製造方法。
- 前記直接押出させる段階は、
前記中空ダイスによって前記ビレットが直径の垂直方向に分割されるビレット分割段階と、
前記分割されたビレットを接合チャンバー(chamber)に注入して中空状に接合させる接合段階と、
前記中空状に接合されたビレットを直接押出する押出段階とを含む、請求項6に記載のアルミニウム系クラッド型材の製造方法。 - 前記アルミニウム系クラッド型材は、棒材(rod)、管材(tube)、板材(plate)、箔材(sheet)、線材(wire rod)、プロファイル(profile)及びアングル(angle)よりなる群から選択されるいずれかの形態である、請求項1に記載のアルミニウム系クラッド型材の製造方法。
- 前記アルミニウム系クラッド型材がカメラボディケースである、請求項8に記載のアルミニウム系クラッド型材の製造方法。
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