JP6857736B2 - 新規なエクソソーム系抗癌剤 - Google Patents
新規なエクソソーム系抗癌剤 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本明細書で使われる用語「エクソソーム」は、ヒト細胞から分泌される2層の膜からなる小さな小体であって、これらは、凝固、細胞間の信号伝達及び細胞の「廃棄物管理」のような専門機能を行い、疾病特異的核酸とタンパク質とを形成し、体液として放出されるものと知られている。
本発明の一観点によれば、貪食作用促進タンパク質がエクソソーム表面に提示された組換えエクソソームが提供される。
(i)メトトレキサート;
(ii)ピリミジン類似体
5−フルオロウラシル(5−fluorouracil)、ゲムシタビン(gemcitabine)及びアラビノシルシトシン(arabinosylcytosine);
(iii)ヒドロキシウレア;
(iv)プリン類似体
メルカプトプリン(mercaptopurine)及びチオグアニン(thioguanine);
(v)アルキル化剤
ナイトロジェンマスタード(nitrogen mustad)及びシクロスポラミド(cyclosporamide);
(vi)抗生剤(antibiotics)
アントラサイクリン(anthracycline)、ドキソルビシン(doxorubicin)、ダウノルビシン(daunorubicin)、イダルビシン(idarubicin)及びアクチノマイシンD(actinomycin D);
(vii)有糸分裂抑制剤
ビンクリスチン(vincristine)及びタキソール(taxol);
(viii)抗血管生成剤
VEGFに特異的な抗体、コンブレタスタチンA4(combretastatin A4)、フマギリン(Fumagillin)、ハービマイシンA(herbimycin A)、2−メトキシエストラジオール(2−methoxyestradiol)、OGT 2115、TNP 470、トラニラスト(tranilast)、XRP44X、サリドマイド(thalidomide)、エンドスタチン(endostatin)、サルモシン(salmosin)、アンギオスタチン(angiostatin)またはプラスミノゲン(plasminogen)、またはアポリポタンパク質(apolipoprotein)のクリングルドメイン(kringle domain);
(ix)挿入性物質
カルボプラチン(carboplatin)及びシスプラチン(cisplatin);及び
(x)放射性核種
18F、90Y、188Re、32P、89Sr、165Dy、186Re、198Au、153Sm、131I、169Er、125I、99Tc及び166Hoなど。
本発明の一実施例によって腫瘍細胞表面でCD47を遮断して食細胞作用を増加させるSIRPα変異体(SIRPα−エクソソームs)を発現するプラスミドDNAを構築した。具体的に、SIRPα変異体遺伝子は、遺伝子合成サービス(Cosmo Genetech Co.)を通じて収得し、前記SIRPα変異体(配列番号1)をエンコーディングするDNA配列(配列番号62)をpDisplayベクターで血小板由来成長因子受容体(PDGFR)のN末端の信号ペプチド及びメンブレンアンカーの間のフレームに挿入した(図1)。
本発明の一実施例によってエクソソーム分離のために、HEK293T細胞(6x106)は、10% FBS、1% 抗生剤が添加された高ブドウ糖培養培地(Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium、DMEM、4,500mg/L glucose)で培養し、37℃、5% CO2条件で保持され、15cm培養皿で80〜90%の細胞飽和度(confluency)を示す時、インスリン−トランスフェリン−セレン(insulin−transferrin−selenium、Gibco)を添加した無血清DMEM培養液に取り替えた。2時間経過後、前記細胞を製造社の指針によって形質感染試薬(lipofectamine 3000、Invitrogen)を使用してSIRPα変異体をエンコーディングするプラズマDNA(20μg)で形質感染(transfection)させた。次いで、エクソソームを分離するために、形質注入48時間後、細胞培養上澄み液を分別遠心分離(differential centrifugation)方法で収得し、詳細な方法は、下記の通りである:
まず、エクソソームを含む培養液から細胞の滓と他の細胞成分とを除去するために、300gで10分、2000gで10分及び10000gで30分間順次に遠心分離を行い、前記培養液を0.22μmフィルターで濾過後、70 Ti rotor(Beckman Instruments)を用いて36,900rpmで2時間超遠心分離(ultra−centrifugation)を行った。以後、収得した組換えエクソソーム(SIRPα−エクソソーム)は、タンパク質分解酵素抑制剤(Roche)を含むPBSに再懸濁し、BCAタンパク質分析キット(Bio−Rad)を用いて、前記分離されたエクソソームのタンパク質濃度を測定した。
本発明の一実施例によって製造された組換えエクソソーム(SIRPα−エクソソーム)の品質と特徴は、下記のようにウェスタンブロット(WB)、流細胞分析、動的光散乱(DLS)及び透過電子顕微鏡(TEM)を用いて確認した。
本発明の一実施例によって単量体(monomer)SIPRαタンパク質(mSIRPα)を得るために、NH2−Nde I−SIRPα変異体−Myc−Hind III−COOHをエンコーディングするプライマーを利用したPCR増幅を通じて遺伝子クローン(gene clone)を製造し、前記遺伝子クローンは、N末端ヒスチジンタグと共にSIRPαを発現するために、pET−28aプラスミドベクターで結紮した。
本発明の一実施例による細胞結合分析は、HT29ヒト結腸腺癌腫(ATCC)、RajiヒトB細胞リンパ腫(ATCC)及びCT26.CL25マウス結腸癌(ATCC)細胞を10% FBS及び1% 抗生剤を添加したRPMI−1640培養培地で培養し、37℃及び5% CO2条件で保持した。次いで、HT29及びRaji細胞は、抗ヒトCD47抗体[B6H12.2](Abcam、ab3283)を添加して培養し、癌細胞表面でCD47発現を探知するために、CT26.CL25細胞は、抗マウスCD47抗体(Santa Crus、sc−12731)を添加して培養した。細胞結合分析のために、HT29、Raji及びCT26.CL25細胞(1x106)は、PBS、エクソソームまたはmSIRPαを添加して4℃で30分間培養した。次いで、前記細胞は、抗Myc抗体(1:400、Abcam、ab9106)を添加して培養し、Alexa fluor488結合された2次抗体(1:800、Jackson ImmunoResearch)を添加して探知した。引き続き、前記細胞は、AccuriTM C6流細胞分析器(BD Biosciences)を用いて測定し、FlowJo_V10ソフトウェア(FlowJo)を用いて分析した。SIRPα−エクソソームのCD47に対する結合特異性は、抗ヒトCD47抗体(1:100、Abcam、ab3283)を添加した細胞を前培養する方法を通じるブロック実験で分析した。
本発明の一実施例によって腫瘍細胞の拮抗作用を有したCD47が、腫瘍細胞の大食細胞媒介食細胞作用(phagocytosis)を増加させるか否かを観察するために、食細胞作用分析を行った。具体的に、体外(In vitro)食細胞作用分析のための骨髄由来大食細胞(BMDMs)を製造するために、BALB/cマウスを犠牲させ、骨髄細胞を足骨(leg bones)から分離した。前記分離した骨髄細胞を10% FBS及び1% 抗生剤が添加されたRPMI培地で保持させ、7日間大食細胞コロニー刺激因子(M−CSF)に分化させた。食細胞作用は、BMDMと癌細胞とを無血清RPMI培地で4時間共培養して分析した。流細胞分析のために、分化された大食細胞(2.5x105)は、0.5μM CellTrackerTM Greenで染色し、エクソソームまたはmSIRPαタンパク質を癌細胞と事前培養した後、BMDMを4時間混合物と共に培養した。食細胞作用の比率は、AccuriTM C6流細胞分析器(BD biosciences)及びFlowJo_V10ソフトウェア(FlowJo)を使用して二重陽性信号(double positive signals)の百分率で評価した。
本発明の一実施例によってSIRPα−エクソソームの生体分布を調査するために、エクソソームをCy5.5−NHSで標識し、Cy5.5−NHS染料(1μg)を100μgのエクソソームに処理した後、室温で2時間培養し、airfuse遠心分離機(Beckman coulter)を使用して45分間遠心分離した。以後、非結合された染料を除去するために、2回洗浄を行った後に、標職されたエクソソームペレットをPBSに再懸濁し、蛍光強度(fluorescence intensity)は、蛍光マイクロプレート判読器(Infinite M200 Pro、TECAN)を使用して測定し、調整した。また、HT29腫瘍保有BALB/cヌードマウスにCy5.5標職されたエクソソーム(500μg)、ガラス染料及びPBSを静脈内(intravenously)投与し、あらゆるサンプルの蛍光強度は、蛍光マイクロプレート判読器で収得したデータに基づいて同じ値で調整した。マウスの生体(In vivo)全身イメージングは、IVISスペクトル(Caliper Life Sciences)を使用して多様な時点(5分、2時間、4時間、8時間、16時間及び24時間)で行った。同時に、腫瘍の蛍光強度を分析するために、Analysis Workstationソフトウェア(Advanced Research Technologies Inc.)を使用して関心領域(ROI)で立体角(steradian)当たりセンチメートルスクエア当たり総光子(total photons)を計算し、注入後、24時間経過時点でマウスを犠牲させ、肝、肺、脾臓、腎臓及び心臓を含んだ腫瘍及び主要器官を前記と同じ方法で切除し、分析した。
本発明の一実施例によって生体内実験(in vivo experiments)のために、免疫欠乏BALB/cヌードマウス及び免疫感応BALB/cマウスは、7週齢になった時点で腫瘍を移植し、韓国科学技術研究院(KIST)の収容施設で管理された。次いで、HT29細胞(1×107)をBALB/cヌードマウスの左側足に皮下接種し、腫瘍を一週間成長させた後、対照群−エクソソーム、SIRPα−エクソソーム及び対照群PBSを3日ごとに5回ずつ注入した。次いで、局所抗腫瘍効果の分析のために、100μgのエクソソームをマウスの腫瘍内に注入した。腫瘍成長に対するSIRPα−エクソソームの全身効果(systemic effect)のために、エクソソーム(200μg)及びPBSをHT29腫瘍保有マウスに3日ごとに5回ずつ注入し、腫瘍が1000mm3まで成長させた後、切開し、重量を測定した。また、CT26.CL25細胞(1×106)を免疫感応BALB/cマウスの左側足の皮下に移植し、平均サイズが80mm3である腫瘍の安定化のために、一週間経過後、エクソソーム 200μg、SIRPα−エクソソーム 200μg、mSIRPα 1μg(SIRPα−エクソソームs 200μgでSIRPα量に該当)またはPBSをそれぞれ前記マウス(それぞれn=7マウスグループ)のしっぽ静脈を通じて注入し、総5回処理が完了すれば、腫瘍を切開し、重量を測定した。
Claims (13)
- SIRPまたは前記SIRPのCD47結合ドメインを含む断片、Surfactant protein A、Surfactant protein D及び抗CD47抗体からなる群から選択される貪食作用促進タンパク質がエクソソーム表面に提示された組換えエクソソーム。
- 前記貪食作用促進タンパク質は、受容体型チロシンキナーゼの膜通過ドメインのN末端に連結された融合タンパク質である請求項1に記載の組換えエクソソーム。
- 前記受容体型チロシンキナーゼは、PDGFR、EGFR、FGFR、VEGFR、HGFR、Trk、IR、LTK、アンジオポエチン受容体、ROR、DDR、RETR、PTK、RYK、またはMuSKである請求項2に記載の組換えエクソソーム。
- 前記SIRPは、SIRPα、SIRPγ、またはこれらの高親和性変異体である請求項1ないし請求項3のうち何れか一項に記載の組換えエクソソーム。
- 前記SIRPは、配列番号1〜61のうち何れか1つのアミノ酸配列で構成される請求項4に記載の組換えエクソソーム。
- 前記エクソソームは、内部に抗癌剤を含む請求項1に記載の組換えエクソソーム。
- 前記抗癌剤は、抗癌タンパク質または抗癌化合物である請求項6に記載の組換えエクソソーム。
- 前記抗癌タンパク質は、アスパラギナーゼ、タンパク質毒素、癌抗原に特異的な抗体または前記抗体の断片、腫瘍抑制遺伝子または抗血管生成因子である請求項7に記載の組換えエクソソーム。
- 前記抗癌化合物は、メトトレキサート、ピリミジン類似体、ヒドロキシウレア、プリン類似体、アルキル化剤、免疫原性細胞死誘導剤、有糸分裂抑制剤、新生血管抑制剤、挿入性物質または放射性核種である請求項7に記載の組換えエクソソーム。
- 前記免疫原性細胞死誘導剤は、アントラサイクリン系抗癌剤、抗EGFR抗体、BKチャネル作用剤、ボルテゾミブ、強心性配糖体+非免疫原性細胞死誘導剤、シクロホスファミド系抗癌剤、GADD34/PP1阻害剤+マイトマイシン、LV−tSMAC、Measlesウイルス、またはオキサリプラチンである請求項9に記載の組換えエクソソーム。
- 前記アントラサイクリン系抗癌剤は、ダウノルビシン、ドキソルビシン、エピルビシン、イダルビシン、ピクサントロン、サバルビシン、またはバルビシンである請求項10に記載の組換えエクソソーム。
- 治療的に有効な量の請求項1ないし請求項11のうち何れか一項に記載の組換えエクソソーム及び薬学的に許容可能な担体を含む抗癌用薬学的組成物。
- 1つ以上の抗癌剤をさらに含む請求項12に記載の抗癌用薬学的組成物。
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| KR102521664B1 (ko) * | 2019-09-02 | 2023-04-14 | 경북대학교 산학협력단 | Il-2 표면 발현 세포외 소포체를 유효성분으로 포함하는 암 질환 예방 또는 치료용 조성물 |
| EP3973969A4 (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2023-07-12 | Kyungpook National University Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation | COMPOSITION FOR THE PREVENTION OR TREATMENT OF CANCER USING IL-2 EXTRACELLULAR SURFACE EXPRESSION VESICLES AS AN ACTIVE AGENT |
| WO2022034946A1 (ko) * | 2020-08-14 | 2022-02-17 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 항암활성을 갖는 면역조절 단백질-siRNA 복합체 |
| TW202219069A (zh) * | 2020-09-04 | 2022-05-16 | 大陸商江蘇恆瑞醫藥股份有限公司 | SIRPγ變體及其融合蛋白 |
| WO2022050720A1 (ko) * | 2020-09-04 | 2022-03-10 | 재단법인대구경북과학기술원 | 사이토카인 및 항체를 발현하는 세포외 소포체, 이를 제조하는 방법 및 이의 용도 |
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| KR102462745B1 (ko) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-11-04 | 재단법인 아산사회복지재단 | 형광 상관 분광법을 이용한 세포외소포체에 표지된 형광 염료의 정량 분석 방법 및 이의 용도 |
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| CN114366821A (zh) * | 2022-02-09 | 2022-04-19 | 台州学院 | 一种表达受体蛋白的细胞膜纳米囊泡及其制备方法和应用 |
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| CN115887620B (zh) * | 2022-11-08 | 2025-02-28 | 中山大学·深圳 | Csf1-cd47在制备移植早期免疫排斥抑制剂中的应用 |
| CN115975051B (zh) * | 2022-11-17 | 2025-09-12 | 东南大学 | 靶向外泌体及制备方法、应用、药物和药物递送系统 |
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| CN117866890A (zh) * | 2024-03-12 | 2024-04-12 | 山东翰康医学科技集团有限公司 | 一种脂肪间充质干细胞外泌体提取和纯化的制备方法 |
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| CN110248645B (zh) | 2022-04-26 |
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