JP6853805B2 - 電動車両 - Google Patents
電動車両 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6853805B2 JP6853805B2 JP2018171080A JP2018171080A JP6853805B2 JP 6853805 B2 JP6853805 B2 JP 6853805B2 JP 2018171080 A JP2018171080 A JP 2018171080A JP 2018171080 A JP2018171080 A JP 2018171080A JP 6853805 B2 JP6853805 B2 JP 6853805B2
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- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 28
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 nickel hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/19—Switching between serial connection and parallel connection of battery modules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/16—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/25—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by controlling the electric load
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/549—Current
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
- B60L2260/40—Control modes
- B60L2260/50—Control modes by future state prediction
- B60L2260/54—Energy consumption estimation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2300/00—Purposes or special features of road vehicle drive control systems
- B60Y2300/91—Battery charging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
走行用の電力を供給するバッテリと、
走行用の電力を供給する積み増しバッテリを着脱可能に搭載可能な搭載部と、
前記搭載部に搭載された積み増しバッテリと前記バッテリとを直列接続と並列接続とに切り替えるスイッチ部と、
前記バッテリの状態情報と前記搭載部に搭載された積み増しバッテリの状態情報とに基づいて前記スイッチ部を制御するスイッチ制御部と、
前記バッテリの電流又は前記搭載部に搭載された積み増しバッテリの電流を流す部品の温度を検出する温度センサと、
を備え、
さらに、前記スイッチ制御部は、
前記バッテリの端子間電圧と前記搭載部に搭載された積み増しバッテリの端子間電圧との差電圧の値を取得し、
前記バッテリと前記搭載部に搭載された積み増しバッテリとが並列接続されたときに前記バッテリ又は前記積み増しバッテリに流れる電流が制限電流を超えない前記差電圧の閾値を計算し、
前記部品の温度に基づいて前記制限電流を補正し、かつ、
前記差電圧と前記閾値との比較に基づいて前記スイッチ部を並列接続に切り替えることを特徴とする電動車両である。
走行用の電力を供給する積み増しバッテリを着脱可能に搭載可能な搭載部と、
前記搭載部に搭載された積み増しバッテリと前記バッテリとを直列接続と並列接続とに切り替えるスイッチ部と、
前記バッテリの状態情報と前記搭載部に搭載された積み増しバッテリの状態情報とに基づいて前記スイッチ部を制御するスイッチ制御部と、
走行路の変化予測に基づいて回生走行の発生、又は、予め定められた第1負荷よりも負荷の大きい高負荷走行の発生を予測する走行予測部と、
を備え、
前記スイッチ制御部は、
前記バッテリの端子間電圧と前記積み増しバッテリの端子間電圧との差電圧の値を取得し、
前記回生走行及び前記高負荷走行でない場合に、前記バッテリと前記積み増しバッテリとが並列接続されたときに前記バッテリ又は前記積み増しバッテリに流れる電流が制限電流を超えない前記差電圧の閾値を計算し、
前記走行予測部により予測された前記回生走行又は予測された前記高負荷走行の期間を避け、かつ、前記差電圧が前記閾値よりも大きくなった場合に、前記スイッチ部を並列接続に切替えることを特徴とする。
前記バッテリの前記状態情報には前記バッテリの充電率と劣化度の情報が含まれ、
前記搭載部に搭載される積み増しバッテリの前記状態情報には前記積み増しバッテリの充電率と劣化度の情報が含まれることを特徴とする。
前記搭載部は、前記搭載部に積み増しバッテリが搭載されたときに前記積み増しバッテリの電極と接続される接続電極を有し、
前記スイッチ部は、前記バッテリの電極と前記接続電極との間の電気的な接続を切り替える複数のリレーを含むことを特徴とする。
図2は、スイッチ制御部が実行するパラメータ計算処理の手順を示すフローチャートである。パラメータ計算処理は、積み増しバッテリ23が搭載された電動車両1の走行中、例えば所定期間ごとに繰り返し実行される。パラメータ計算処理は、主に、制限電流計算部42と閾値計算部43により実行される
図3は、スイッチ制御部が実行するスイッチ制御処理の手順を示すフローチャートである。スイッチ制御処理は、積み増しバッテリ23が搭載された電動車両1の走行中に継続的に実行される。スイッチ制御処理は、主に、リレー駆動制御部41及び走行予測部44により実行される。
図4は、実施形態のスイッチ制御を説明する第1グラフ(A)及び第2グラフ(B)である。第1グラフ及び第2グラフは、同一の走行中における同一のスイッチ制御の例を示す。第1グラフは走行距離に対する固定バッテリ13と積み増しバッテリ23のSOCの変化を示し、第2グラフは固定バッテリ13と積み増しバッテリ23の電池電流の変化を示す。
図5は、比較例1のスイッチ制御を説明するグラフである。比較例1は、固定バッテリ13と積み増しバッテリ23とを直列接続のみとした例である。比較例1のスイッチ制御では、例えば、固定バッテリ13と積み増しバッテリ23の電気容量に違いがあると、当初のSOCが等しい場合でも、走行距離が延びるのに従って、固定バッテリ13と積み増しバッテリ23のSOCの差が広がる。そして、一方(例えば積み増しバッテリ23)の電力が先に尽きてしまう。この場合、他方(例えば固定バッテリ13)が蓄積している電力が残った状態で、走行モータ11を駆動できなくなる。すなわち、蓄積した電力を有効に使えず、航続距離が短くなる。
図6は、比較例2のスイッチ制御を説明するグラフである。比較例2は、例えば固定バッテリ13と積み増しバッテリ23とのSOCの差が所定値を超えたときのみ、接続モードを並列接続に切り替える制御例である。比較例2のスイッチ制御では、固定バッテリ13の電力と積み増しバッテリ23の電力とを使い切ることができる。しかし、スイッチ部30の切替え回数が増大し、リレーA1〜A3の劣化を早め、リレーA1〜A3が短い期間で寿命に至ってしまう。
図7は、比較例3のスイッチ制御を説明する第1グラフ(A)及び第2グラフ(B)である。比較例3は、固定バッテリ13と積み増しバッテリ23の電力を使い切れるように、かつ、スイッチ部30の切替え回数が最小になるように制御した例である。比較例3のスイッチ制御では、固定バッテリ13と積み増しバッテリ23の電力の使い切りが可能であり、しかもリレーA1〜A3の劣化を抑制できる。しかし、接続モードを直列接続から並列接続に切り替える際に、固定バッテリ13と積み増しバッテリ23との差電圧が非常に大きい状況が生じえる。このような場合、参照部C1に示すように、固定バッテリ13、積み増しバッテリ23又はこれら両方に、制限電流を超えた電流が流れてしまう。
図8は、直列接続から並列接続へ切り替える際の電池電流を説明する図であり、図8(A)は力行時を示す図、図8(B)は回生時を示す図である。ここでは、図3のステップS16の作用について説明する。
11 走行モータ
12 インバータ
13 固定バッテリ
15 バッテリ管理部
16 ナビゲーションシステム
20 バッテリ搭載部
23 積み増しバッテリ
30 スイッチ部
35 温度センサ
A1〜A3 リレー
40 スイッチ制御部
41 リレー駆動制御部
42 制限電流計算部
43 閾値計算部
44 走行予測部
Claims (4)
- 走行用の電力を供給するバッテリと、
走行用の電力を供給する積み増しバッテリを着脱可能に搭載可能な搭載部と、
前記搭載部に搭載された積み増しバッテリと前記バッテリとを直列接続と並列接続とに切り替えるスイッチ部と、
前記バッテリの状態情報と前記搭載部に搭載された積み増しバッテリの状態情報とに基づいて前記スイッチ部を制御するスイッチ制御部と、
前記バッテリの電流又は前記搭載部に搭載された積み増しバッテリの電流を流す部品の温度を検出する温度センサと、
を備え、
さらに、前記スイッチ制御部は、
前記バッテリの端子間電圧と前記搭載部に搭載された積み増しバッテリの端子間電圧との差電圧の値を取得し、
前記バッテリと前記搭載部に搭載された積み増しバッテリとが並列接続されたときに前記バッテリ又は前記積み増しバッテリに流れる電流が制限電流を超えない前記差電圧の閾値を計算し、
前記部品の温度に基づいて前記制限電流を補正し、かつ、
前記差電圧と前記閾値との比較に基づいて前記スイッチ部を並列接続に切り替えることを特徴とする電動車両。 - 走行用の電力を供給するバッテリと、
走行用の電力を供給する積み増しバッテリを着脱可能に搭載可能な搭載部と、
前記搭載部に搭載された積み増しバッテリと前記バッテリとを直列接続と並列接続とに切り替えるスイッチ部と、
前記バッテリの状態情報と前記搭載部に搭載された積み増しバッテリの状態情報とに基づいて前記スイッチ部を制御するスイッチ制御部と、
走行路の変化予測に基づいて回生走行の発生、又は、予め定められた第1負荷よりも負荷の大きい高負荷走行の発生を予測する走行予測部と、
を備え、
前記スイッチ制御部は、
前記バッテリの端子間電圧と前記積み増しバッテリの端子間電圧との差電圧の値を取得し、
前記回生走行及び前記高負荷走行でない場合に、前記バッテリと前記積み増しバッテリとが並列接続されたときに前記バッテリ又は前記積み増しバッテリに流れる電流が制限電流を超えない前記差電圧の閾値を計算し、
前記走行予測部により予測された前記回生走行又は予測された前記高負荷走行の期間を避け、かつ、前記差電圧が前記閾値よりも大きくなった場合に、前記スイッチ部を並列接続に切替えることを特徴とする電動車両。 - 前記バッテリの前記状態情報には前記バッテリの充電率と劣化度の情報が含まれ、
前記搭載部に搭載される積み増しバッテリの前記状態情報には前記積み増しバッテリの充電率と劣化度の情報が含まれることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の電動車両。 - 前記搭載部は、前記搭載部に積み増しバッテリが搭載されたときに前記積み増しバッテリの電極と接続される接続電極を有し、
前記スイッチ部は、前記バッテリの電極と前記接続電極との間の電気的な接続を切り替える複数のリレーを含むことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の電動車両。
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