JP6841912B2 - 自己担持多金属触媒上のナフテン環開環 - Google Patents
自己担持多金属触媒上のナフテン環開環 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6841912B2 JP6841912B2 JP2019521774A JP2019521774A JP6841912B2 JP 6841912 B2 JP6841912 B2 JP 6841912B2 JP 2019521774 A JP2019521774 A JP 2019521774A JP 2019521774 A JP2019521774 A JP 2019521774A JP 6841912 B2 JP6841912 B2 JP 6841912B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sulfide
- tungsten
- molybdenum
- nickel
- catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 73
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 126
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten disulfide Chemical compound S=[W]=S ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- HDJLCPMPTBFPCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mo].[W]=S Chemical compound [Mo].[W]=S HDJLCPMPTBFPCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid group Chemical group C(\C=C/C(=O)O)(=O)O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- NEAQRZUHTPSBBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-7-nitro-4h-isoquinolin-1-one Chemical class C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C2C(=O)N(O)C(C)(C)CC2=C1 NEAQRZUHTPSBBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930194542 Keto Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- RKCNBROPWDRVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [W].[Mo].[W] Chemical compound [W].[Mo].[W] RKCNBROPWDRVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl disulfide Chemical compound CSSC WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 9
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- -1 polycyclic aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 5
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoic acid 3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)CC1 HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=O HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 4
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- DOIKGWMZXKJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [W].[Mo](=S)=S Chemical compound [W].[Mo](=S)=S DOIKGWMZXKJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000010504 bond cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- PCTMTFRHKVHKIS-BMFZQQSSSA-N (1s,3r,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e,16e,18s,19r,20r,21s,25r,27r,30r,31r,33s,35r,37s,38r)-3-[(2r,3s,4s,5s,6r)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-19,25,27,30,31,33,35,37-octahydroxy-18,20,21-trimethyl-23-oxo-22,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-4,6,8,10 Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](OS(O)(=O)=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2.O[C@H]1[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](C)OC(=O)C[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)CC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)C[C@](O)(C[C@H](O)[C@H]2C(O)=O)O[C@H]2C1 PCTMTFRHKVHKIS-BMFZQQSSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IFTRQJLVEBNKJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylcyclopentane Chemical compound CCC1CCCC1 IFTRQJLVEBNKJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSOYJNRFGMJBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N.[Mo+4] Chemical compound N.[Mo+4] VSOYJNRFGMJBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- GGBJHURWWWLEQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylcyclohexane Chemical compound CCCCC1CCCCC1 GGBJHURWWWLEQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IIEWJVIFRVWJOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylcyclohexane Chemical compound CCC1CCCCC1 IIEWJVIFRVWJOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclopentane Chemical compound CC1CCCC1 GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SOWBFZRMHSNYGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxamic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)C(O)=O SOWBFZRMHSNYGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tungstate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J molybdenum(4+) tetracarbamodithioate Chemical compound C(N)([S-])=S.[Mo+4].C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- ZKZAYPCZGZAZAG-UHFFFAOYSA-J n,n-dibutylcarbamodithioate;molybdenum(4+) Chemical compound [Mo+4].CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC.CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC.CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC.CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC ZKZAYPCZGZAZAG-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- UIEKYBOPAVTZKW-UHFFFAOYSA-L naphthalene-2-carboxylate;nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2].C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21.C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 UIEKYBOPAVTZKW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AOPCKOPZYFFEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(2+);dinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O AOPCKOPZYFFEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000008 nickel(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008116 organic polysulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical class [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical class [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVRQVWSVLMGPRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxotungsten Chemical class [W]=O VVRQVWSVLMGPRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- HLTMUYBTNSVOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentylcyclohexane Chemical compound CCCCCC1CCCCC1 HLTMUYBTNSVOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PTISTKLWEJDJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=S PTISTKLWEJDJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YOUIDGQAIILFBW-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrachlorotungsten Chemical compound Cl[W](Cl)(Cl)Cl YOUIDGQAIILFBW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003657 tungsten Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000870 ultraviolet spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/58—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
- C10G45/60—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/888—Tungsten
- B01J23/8885—Tungsten containing also molybdenum
-
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/03—Precipitation; Co-precipitation
- B01J37/031—Precipitation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/20—Sulfiding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/22—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by isomerisation
-
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/22—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by isomerisation
- C07C5/27—Rearrangement of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/22—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by isomerisation
- C07C5/27—Rearrangement of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon skeleton
- C07C5/2729—Changing the branching point of an open chain or the point of substitution on a ring
- C07C5/2732—Catalytic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/22—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by isomerisation
- C07C5/27—Rearrangement of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon skeleton
- C07C5/31—Rearrangement of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon skeleton changing the number of rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G47/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
- C10G47/02—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G47/06—Sulfides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/02—Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/04—Sulfides
- B01J27/047—Sulfides with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
- B01J27/051—Molybdenum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/02—Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/04—Sulfides
- B01J27/047—Sulfides with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
- B01J27/051—Molybdenum
- B01J27/0515—Molybdenum with iron group metals or platinum group metals
-
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- C07C2527/02—Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
- C07C2527/04—Sulfides
- C07C2527/047—Sulfides with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
- C07C2527/051—Molybdenum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1037—Hydrocarbon fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/202—Heteroatoms content, i.e. S, N, O, P
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- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
- C10G2300/301—Boiling range
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- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
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- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/70—Catalyst aspects
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
「CAT」は、触媒平均温度を意味する。
PCI={[吸光度@385nm‐(0.378×吸光度@435nm)]/115×c}×1000
(式中、cは、溶媒中の試料のg/cm3における元の濃度である)。
一実施形態では、ニッケル、モリブデン、及びタングステンの相対モル量が図1の三元状態図の5点ABCDEによって定義される組成範囲内にあるとき、自己担持混合金属硫化物触媒は、最適なナフテン開環を示し、これは、それらのモル分率で表したニッケル、モリブデン、及びタングステンの元素含有量を示している。5点ABCDEは、以下のように定義される:
A(Ni=0.80、Mo=0.00、W=0.20);
B(Ni=0.25、Mo=0.00、W=0.75);
C(Ni=0.25、Mo=0.25、W=0.50);
D(Ni=0.63、Mo=0.25、W=0.12);
E(Ni=0.80、Mo=0.08、W=0.12)。
A(Ni=0.67、Mo=0.00、W=0.33);
B(Ni=0.67、Mo=0.10、W=0.23);
C(Ni=0.60、Mo=0.15、W=0.25);
D(Ni=0.52、Mo=0.15、W=0.33);
E(Ni=0.52、Mo=0.06、W=0.42);
F(Ni=0.58、Mo=0.00、W=0.42)。
A(Ni=0.67、Mo=0.00、W=0.33);
B(Ni=0.58、Mo=0.00、W=0.42);
C(Ni=0.52、Mo=0.15、W=0.33);
D(Ni=0.60、Mo=0.15、W=0.25)。
0.25≦Ni/(Ni+Mo+W)≦0.80;
0<Mo/(Ni+Mo+W)≦0.25;
0.12≦W/(Ni+Mo+W)≦0.50。
0.50≦Ni/(Ni+Mo+W)≦0.75;
0<Mo/(Ni+Mo+W)≦0.20;
0.15≦W/(Ni+Mo+W)≦0.45。
1.08≦Ni/(Mo+W)≦2.03;
0<Mo/(Ni+W)≦0.18;
0.20≦W/(Ni+Mo)≦0.72。
自己担持混合金属硫化物触媒は、それらの元素、化合物、又はイオンの形態のニッケル、モリブデン、及びタングステンの供給源(「金属前駆体」)から調製される。金属前駆体溶液を調製するために、任意の好適なニッケル、モリブデン、又はタングステン金属試薬を使用することができる。
一実施形態では、ニッケル、モリブデン、及びタングステンを含有する自己担持混合金属硫化物触媒は、多相であると特徴付けてもよく、触媒の構造は、5つの相:(1)硫化モリブデン相;(2)硫化タングステン相;(3)モリブデンタングステン硫化物相;(4)活性ニッケル相;及び(5)硫化ニッケル相を含む。
説明したように、本発明の自己担持混合金属硫化物触媒は、石油供給流を改良するのに有用である。したがって、自己担持混合金属硫化物触媒と接触させる供給流は、典型的にはナフテン環含有組成物のうちの1つ以上を有する炭化水素の混合物を含有し、ナフテン環含有組成物は、1〜20個の炭素原子の少なくとも1つのアルキル置換基を含有し得る。供給流は、少なくとも5重量%(例えば、少なくとも25重量%、少なくとも50重量%、5〜85重量%、25〜85重量%、又は50〜85重量%)の少なくとも1つのナフテン環含有化合物を含み得る。
<Ni−Mo−Wマレイン酸触媒前駆体>
ヘプタモリブデン酸アンモニウム(324g)を脱イオン水(2.3kg)に溶解した。メタタングステン酸アンモニウム(1.39kg)を脱イオン水(1.5kg)に溶解した。2つの溶液を撹拌しながら混合し、水酸化アンモニウムを添加してpHを9〜10の範囲に維持した。
Ni:63mol%;Mo:8mol%;W:29mol%
<Ni−Mo−Wマレイン酸触媒前駆体>
この触媒前駆体は、得られた触媒前駆体が以下の組成を有すること以外は、例1と同様の方法で調製した:
Ni:66mol%;Mo:15mol%;W:19mol%
<Ni−Mo−Wマレイン酸触媒前駆体>
この触媒は、得られた触媒前駆体が以下の組成を有すること以外は、例1と同様の方法で調製した:
Ni:66mol%;Mo:10mol%;W:24mol%
<触媒前駆体の押出>
乾燥触媒前駆体(40g)をDow Chemical Company製のMETHOCEL(商標)セルロースエーテル(0.8g)と混合し、この混合物に脱イオン水(7g)を添加した。混合物が押出可能な粘稠度になるまで追加の脱イオン水(7g)を添加した。次いで、混合物を押し出し、硫化する前に120℃のN2下で乾燥させた。
<硫化>
押出物を1〜2のL/Dに短くし、3/8インチ管状反応器に詰めた。全容量6mLの触媒を使用した。接触を改善し、チャネリングを防止するために、触媒押出物の間の空隙を隙間として100メッシュで満たした。
<触媒性能>
未転化油(UCO)、水素化分解装置流出物から分離された高沸点炭化水素留分、並びにそれとジメチルジスルフィド(DMDS)及び/又はトリブチルアミン(Bu3N)とのブレンドを使用して触媒を評価した。UCO供給原料の特性を表1に列挙する。
Claims (13)
- 供給流中でナフテン環含有化合物のナフテン環を選択的に開環するプロセスであって、
開環条件下でナフテン環含有供給流を、水素並びに硫化ニッケル、硫化モリブデン、硫化タングステン、及び有機錯化剤を含む自己担持混合金属硫化物触媒と接触させることによって、前記供給流のものと比較して増加した直鎖パラフィン官能価を有する開環生成物を形成することを含み、
前記供給流が、少なくとも50wppmの窒素含有量及び少なくとも100wppmの硫黄含有量を有し、
前記自己担持混合金属硫化物触媒が、モル比に関して、以下:
(a)0.25≦Ni/(Ni+Mo+W)≦0.80;
(b)0<Mo/(Ni+Mo+W)≦0.25;
(c)0.12≦W/(Ni+Mo+W)≦0.50;
(d)1.5≦W/Mo≦3.0
の金属成分の組成を有することを特徴とし、
前記自己担持混合金属硫化物触媒が、
(a)1.08≦Ni/(Mo+W)≦2.03;
(b)0<Mo/(Ni+W)≦0.18;
(c)0.20≦W/(Ni+Mo)≦0.72
の範囲のNi、Mo、及びWの金属成分のモル比を有することを特徴とする、プロセス。 - 前記開環条件が、550°F〜840°F(288℃〜449℃)の温度;250〜5000psig(1.8〜34.6MPa)の水素分圧;0.05〜10h−1の液空間速度;及び200〜10,000SCFB(35.6〜1781m3/m3)の水素処理ガス速度を含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記開環生成物を回収することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記開環生成物を、175℃〜600℃の沸点を有する石油流とブレンドすることをさらに含み、前記ブレンドが、少なくとも40のセタン価を有する、請求項3に記載のプロセス。
- 前記自己担持混合金属硫化物触媒が結合剤を含まない、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記自己担持混合金属硫化物触媒が未焼成である、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記有機錯化剤が、カルボン酸官能基と、カルボン酸、ヒドロキサム酸、ヒドロキソ、ケト、アミン、アミド、イミン、又はチオールから選択される少なくとも1つの追加の官能基とを含有する有機酸である、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記有機錯化剤がマレイン酸である、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記W/Moモル比が、2.0〜2.8の範囲である、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記自己担持混合金属硫化物触媒が、5つの相:(1)硫化モリブデン相;(2)硫化タングステン相;(3)モリブデンタングステン硫化物相;(4)活性ニッケル相;及び(5)硫化ニッケル相;を含む多相構造を有する、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記硫化モリブデンタングステン相が、少なくとも1つの層を含み、前記少なくとも1つの層が、
(a)硫化モリブデン及び硫化タングステン;(b)個々の原子として又は硫化タングステンドメインとして硫化モリブデンに同形置換されたタングステン;(c)個々の原子として、又は硫化モリブデンドメインとして、硫化タングステンに同形置換されたモリブデン;並びに(d)それらの組合せ;のうちの少なくとも1つを含有する、請求項10に記載のプロセス。 - 前記活性ニッケル相が、前記モリブデンタングステン硫化物相中に置換された原子状ニッケル及び還元ニッケルのうちの少なくとも1つを含む、請求項10に記載のプロセス。
- 前記硫化ニッケル相が、Ni9S8及びNi3S2結晶のうちの少なくとも1つのスラブを含む、請求項10に記載のプロセス。
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US11577235B1 (en) | 2021-08-13 | 2023-02-14 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Layered catalyst reactor systems and processes for hydrotreatment of hydrocarbon feedstocks |
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