JP6840332B2 - 免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体 - Google Patents
免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6840332B2 JP6840332B2 JP2017527515A JP2017527515A JP6840332B2 JP 6840332 B2 JP6840332 B2 JP 6840332B2 JP 2017527515 A JP2017527515 A JP 2017527515A JP 2017527515 A JP2017527515 A JP 2017527515A JP 6840332 B2 JP6840332 B2 JP 6840332B2
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7088—Compounds having three or more nucleosides or nucleotides
- A61K31/713—Double-stranded nucleic acids or oligonucleotides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/39—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the immunostimulating additives, e.g. chemical adjuvants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/68—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment
- A61K47/6801—Drug-antibody or immunoglobulin conjugates defined by the pharmacologically or therapeutically active agent
- A61K47/6803—Drugs conjugated to an antibody or immunoglobulin, e.g. cisplatin-antibody conjugates
- A61K47/6807—Drugs conjugated to an antibody or immunoglobulin, e.g. cisplatin-antibody conjugates the drug or compound being a sugar, nucleoside, nucleotide, nucleic acid, e.g. RNA antisense
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
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- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
- C12N15/117—Nucleic acids having immunomodulatory properties, e.g. containing CpG-motifs
Description
RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs)は細胞質内RNAヘリカーゼファミリーであり、細胞質内に存在するRNAを認識する。
DNA-dependent activator of IFN-regulatory factors(DAI)、IFN-γ-inducible protein 16 (IFI16)、DDX41、cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)は細胞質内DNA受容体として同定されたが、その他にも細胞質内DNA受容体の存在が示唆されている。
[2]前記各1本鎖オリゴヌクレオチドが、パリンドローム配列を含まない、[1]記載の2本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド;
[3]各1本鎖オリゴヌクレオチドのヌクレオチド間の結合が全てホスホジエステル結合である、[1]又は[2]に記載の2本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド;
[4]1本鎖オリゴヌクレオチドが、下記塩基配列及び該配列においてCpG以外の1〜3塩基が欠損、置換もしくは付加された配列のいずれかの配列を有する、[1]〜[3]のいずれか1項に記載の2本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド
5’-TCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTT-3’( 配列番号1)
5’-TCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTT-3’(配列番号2)
5’-TCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTT-3’(配列番号3)
5’-ATCGACTCTCGAGCGTTCTC-3’(配列番号4);
[5] 担体と、該担体と複合体化された[1]〜[4]のいずれか1項記載の2本鎖オリゴヌクレオチドとを含む、免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体;
[6] 該担体が、リポソーム、高分子化合物、及び無機化合物から選択される、[5]記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体;
[7] 平均粒径が100nm以上、好ましくは250nm以上、より好ましくは700nm以上である、[5]又は[6]に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体;
[8] 2本鎖オリゴヌクレオチドと担体との重量比が0.05:1〜10:1、好ましくは0.1:1〜10:1、より好ましくは0.15:1〜10:1である、[5]又は[6]に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体;
[9] [5]〜[8]のいずれか1項に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体を含む、ワクチンのアジュバント。
[11] ヒトを含む哺乳動物、鳥類或いは魚類の感染症予防用ワクチン製造における、[5]〜[8]のいずれか1項に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体の使用;
[12] ヒトを含む哺乳動物、鳥類或いは魚類の感染症予防のための、[5]〜[8]のいずれか1項に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体の使用。
ガン抗原又はその一部分と、[5]〜[8]のいずれか1項に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体を、連続して或いは同時に投与することにより、体内にがん抗原に対する細胞傷害性T細胞(CTL)を誘導し、ガン抗原を提示するがん細胞を攻撃させることにより、ガンを治療または予防する方法;
[14]ガン治療又は予防用ワクチン製造における、[5]〜[8]のいずれか1項に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体の使用;
[15]ガン治療又は予防のための、[5]〜[8]のいずれか1項に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体の使用。
[17] アレルゲン又はその一部を更に含む[16]に記載の医薬組成物。
[5]〜[8]のいずれか1項に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体を投与することにより、アレルゲン特異的なヘルパー1T(Th1)細胞をヘルパー2T(Th2)細胞よりも活性化させることによって、アレルギーを治療または予防する方法;
[19]さらにアレルゲン又はその一部を前記免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体と連続して或いは同時に投与することを含む、[18]に記載の方法;
[20]アレルギー治療又は予防用医薬製造における、[5]〜[8]のいずれか1項に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体の使用;
[21]アレルギー治療又は予防のための、[5]〜[8]のいずれか1項に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体の使用。
本発明において、「オリゴヌクレオチド」は、オリゴデオキシヌクレオチド(ODN)であり、アデニン(A)、グアニン(G)、シトシン(C)、及びチミン(T)から選ばれる塩基に、デオキシリボースを介してリン酸が結合された構成単位の複数からなる。
5’-TCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTT-3’( 配列番号1)
5’-TCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTT-3’(配列番号2)
5’-TCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTT-3’(配列番号3)
5’-ATCGACTCTCGAGCGTTCTC-3’(配列番号4)
上記配列は、ヌクレオチド間の全ての結合がホスホジエステル結合であるが、上述のとおり、一部がホスホロチオエート結合等であってもよい。また、他の1本鎖CpG ODNは、上記配列と相補性である配列を有する。なお、表1に関して説明したとおり、本明細書において大文字の塩基はホスホジエステルにより結合されていることを意味する。
線状2本鎖CpG ODNを得る別法としては、バクテリアやウイルスのゲノムODNを鋳型として、CpGを含む領域をPCRによって増幅させる方法がある。さらには、環状プラスミドODNを宿主細胞中で増幅させ、回収した環状プラスミドを制限酵素で切断して得ることもできる。
本発明の第2の側面は、上記のようにして調製された2本鎖CpG ODNと生理学的に許容しうる担体とが複合体化された免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体である。複合体化させることによって、I型IFN誘導能が顕著となる。「生理学的に許容しうる担体」とは、体内の細胞、組織あるいは器官に、本発明の目的を阻害するような障害を及ぼさない物質を指す。このような担体の例には、たとえば、高分子化合物、エマルション、リポソーム、無機化合物粒子、金属粒子、金属酸化物粒子、炭素系粒子、およびこれらの修飾物が包含され、好ましくはカチオン性である。
なお、発がんウイルスの感染阻止を目的とするワクチンもがんワクチンに含まれる。B型肝炎ウィルスワクチン(肝硬変を経て肝がんを引き起こす)やヒトパピローマウイルス(子宮頸がんを引き起こす)などが実用化されている。
<1本鎖CpG ODN及び線状2本鎖CpG ODNの調製>
表2に示した各配列を有する1本鎖CpG ODN、及び該塩基配列と相補する配列を有する1本鎖ODNを合成し、ハイブリダイゼーションさせることによって2本鎖CpG ODNを調製した。ハイブリダイゼーションは、表2に示した各配列番号の1本鎖CpG ODNと、これと相補する1本鎖CpG ODNをTESバッファ(10 mM Tris-HCl pH8.0、1 mM EDTAおよび0.25 mM NaCl)中で等モル比で混合し、95℃で10分間インキュベーション後、温度を30℃ まで60 分かけて下げることにより行った。このハイブリダイゼーションにより完全な線状2本鎖ODNを得た。
TLR9を含む細胞としてマウスのマクロファージの細胞株であるRAW264.7を用いた。該細胞株を、3.3 x 105 cells/mlの密度でイーグル最小必須培地(MEM)に播種した。24時間後、B24-PT、K3-PT、B24-PD、K3-PD、CpG-free24-PD、およびこれらの2本鎖ODNとリポフェクトアミン2000の複合体を、リポフェクトアミン2000の濃度が5μg/mlになるように添加した。すなわち、リポフェクトアミン2000に結合しているODN(B24-PT、K3-PT、B24-PD、K3-PD、およびこれらの2本鎖DNA)は、5μg/mlの濃度で添加されたことになる。6時間後、細胞を回収し、ISOGEN(日本ジーン製)で全RNAを抽出した後、逆転写酵素(TaKaRa Bio)でcDNAを合成した。このcDNAを鋳型として、IFN-β遺伝子の発現量をリアルタイム定量PCRによって測定した。IFN-β遺伝子の発現量は、GAPDH遺伝子の発現量によりノーマライゼーションした。リアルタイム定量PCRによるIFN-β発現量測定のためのプライマー配列は、forward, 5’-GGTCCGAGCAGAGATCTTCA-3’(配列番号29); reverse, 5’-TCACTACCAGTCCCAGAGTCC-3’ (配列番号30)、GAPDH遺伝子発現量測定のためのプライマー配列は、forward, 5’-GTGGACCTCATGGCCTACAT-3’ (配列番号31); reverse, 5’-TGTGAGGGAGATGCTCAGTG-3’ (配列番号32)であった。
ヒト末梢血単核球から単離したB細胞および形質細胞様樹状細胞を、96-well flat-bottom plateに2x104cells/wellの密度になるように播種した。これらの細胞は、200μlのRPMI 1640 (Invitrogen, Life Technologies, CA, USA)に 10% (v/v) FBS, 1 ml L-glutamine, 100 U/ml penicillin, 100 μg/mlstreptomycineを添加した培地で培養した。
B24-PT、B72-PT、B72-PD、CpG-free72-PD、およびこれらの2本鎖DNAを、実施例5と同様な方法でDOTAPと複合体化し、形質細胞様樹状細胞の播種と同時に添加した。48時間後、IFN-αの誘導量をIFN-α Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (IFN-α ELISA kit, Affymetrix, CA, USA)にて測定した。
Claims (21)
- 10〜100塩基対を含む線状の2本鎖オリゴヌクレオチドであって、該2本鎖を構成する各1本鎖オリゴヌクレオチドは、ホスホジエステルを介したシトシン-グアニン配列(CpG)を2〜20個含み、各1本鎖オリゴヌクレオチドのヌクレオチド間の結合の90%以上がホスホジエステル結合であり、上記1本鎖オリゴヌクレオチドが下記塩基配列及び該配列においてCpG以外の1〜3塩基が欠損、置換もしくは付加された配列のいずれかの配列を有する、2本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド:
5’-TCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTT-3’(配列番号2)
5’-TCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTT-3’(配列番号3)。 - 前記各1本鎖オリゴヌクレオチドが、パリンドローム配列を含まない、請求項1記載の2本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド。
- 各1本鎖オリゴヌクレオチドのヌクレオチド間の結合が全てホスホジエステル結合である、請求項1又は2記載の2本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド。
- 1本鎖オリゴヌクレオチドが、下記いずれかの配列を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか1記載の2本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド。
5’-TCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTT-3’(配列番号2)
5’-TCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTCGTCGTTTTGTCGTTTTGTCGTT-3’(配列番号3) - 担体と、該担体と複合体化された請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載の2本鎖オリゴヌクレオチドとを含む、免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体。
- 該担体が、リポソーム、高分子化合物、及び無機化合物から選択される、請求項5記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体。
- 平均粒径が100nm以上である、請求項5又は6記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体。
- 2本鎖オリゴヌクレオチドと担体との重量比が0.05:1〜10:1である、請求項5又は6に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体。
- 請求項5〜8のいずれか1項記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体を含む、ワクチンのアジュバント。
- ヒトを含む哺乳動物、鳥類或いは魚類の感染症予防に用いるための請求項5〜8のいずれか1項に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体であって、感染症の原因となる病原体由来の無毒化あるいは弱毒化された抗原と連続して或いは同時に投与することにより、体内に病原体に対する抗体産生を促し、感染症に対する免疫を獲得するための、免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体。
- ヒトを含む哺乳動物、鳥類或いは魚類の感染症予防用ワクチン製造における、請求項5〜8のいずれか1項に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体の使用。
- ヒトを含む哺乳動物、鳥類或いは魚類の感染症予防のための、請求項5〜8のいずれか1項に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体。
- ガンの治療又は予防に用いるための請求項5〜8のいずれか1項に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体、
ガン抗原又はその一部分と、請求項5〜8のいずれか1項に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体を、連続して或いは同時に投与することにより、体内にがん抗原に対する細胞傷害性T細胞(CTL)を誘導し、ガン抗原を提示するがん細胞を攻撃させることにより、ガンを治療または予防する、免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体。 - ガン治療又は予防用ワクチン製造における、請求項5〜8のいずれか1項に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体の使用。
- ガン治療又は予防のための、請求項5〜8のいずれか1項に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体。
- 請求項5〜8のいずれか1項記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体を含む、アレルギー治療又は予防のための医薬組成物。
- さらにアレルゲン又はその一部を含む、請求項16に記載の医薬組成物。
- アレルギーの治療又は予防のための請求項5〜8のいずれか1項に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体であって、
アレルゲン特異的なヘルパー1T(Th1)細胞をヘルパー2T(Th2)細胞よりも活性化させることによって、アレルギーを治療または予防するための免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体。 - さらにアレルゲン又はその一部を前記免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体と連続して或いは同時に投与するための、請求項18に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体。
- アレルギー治療又は予防用医薬製造における、請求項5〜8のいずれか1項に記載の疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体の使用。
- アレルギー治療又は予防のための、請求項5〜8のいずれか1項に記載の免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド複合体。
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