JP6816268B2 - 静電的に帯電した繊維を有するプリーツ加工可能な繊維物を製造するための方法及びプリーツ加工可能な繊維物 - Google Patents
静電的に帯電した繊維を有するプリーツ加工可能な繊維物を製造するための方法及びプリーツ加工可能な繊維物 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 249
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012748 slip agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007786 electrostatic charging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000012886 Vertigo Diseases 0.000 claims 1
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- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 13
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 9
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940123457 Free radical scavenger Drugs 0.000 description 4
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazolidone Chemical compound O=C1NCCO1 IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
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- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(octadecanoylamino)ethyl]octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanamide Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
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- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
- B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
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- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
- D01D10/04—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment
- D01D10/0436—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement
- D01D10/0472—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement the filaments being supported on endless bands
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
- D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/736—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged characterised by the apparatus for arranging fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0435—Electret
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
- B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
- B01D2239/0622—Melt-blown
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2239/10—Filtering material manufacturing
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2505/00—Industrial
- D10B2505/04—Filters
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- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
Description
QF=(−ln(NaCl%透過率/100)/圧力損失[mmH2O])
ここで、「NaCl%透過率」(非帯電フィルターの透過係数)の正確な値及び圧力損失の正確な値は、2%NaCl溶液を使用し、0.1m/sの通過流速で、TSI社製モデル8130フィルター試験装置を使用して測定されるものであってもよい。
繊維ウェブの構造と特定の繊維ウェブ中の静電的に帯電した繊維の両方の濾過特性に対する影響を調査するために、一連の試験が実施された。最初に、添加剤であるCrodamide(登録商標) EBSとChimasorb(登録商標) 944が1:1の割合で融解され、ポリマー溶融物に、好ましくは同時押出によって、十分な量だけ添加された。次いで、溶融物は十分に混ぜ合わされた。
2:複数列構成のバイアックス型のダイ
3:ポリマー
4:ポリマーの供給ライン
5:キャピラリーを備えたダクト
6:加熱圧縮空気
7:高速ブロー空気の出口
8:高速ブロー空気
9:噴霧装置
10:収集ベルト
11:エクソン型のダイ
12:収集ドラム
13:ランドウェバー
14:ショートカット繊維
15:ポリマー溶液
16:キャピラリーを備えた小さなバイアックス型オリフィス
17:キャピラリーを備えた大きなバイアックス型オリフィス
18:第1のダイ
19:第2のダイ
A,B,C:第2のダイの軸
D:第1のダイの軸
q:第1のダイの軸と第2のダイの軸との間の角度
Claims (15)
- エレクトレットフィルターのフィルター材として使用するために静電的に帯電した繊維を有するプリーツ加工可能な繊維物を製造するための方法であって、
少なくとも2つの個別のダイを含み、少なくとも第1のダイは同心型オリフィスを有するダイ構成を使用することを含み、
第1のポリマーはメルトブロー紡糸処理を使用して第1のダイによって第1種の繊維に押し出され、第2のポリマーはメルトブロー紡糸処理を使用して第2のダイによって第2種の繊維に押し出され、
第1種の繊維及び第2種の繊維は、第1種の繊維の平均繊維直径は10μmよりも大きく、第1種の繊維が第2種の繊維よりも大きな平均繊維直径を有するように紡糸され、
収集装置による繊維物の整形の前及び/またはその間に、第1種の繊維は、少なくとも部分的に第2種の繊維と混合され、
第1種の繊維及び/または第2種の繊維は、少なくとも繊維の形成及び/または引き出しの間に極性液体を使用して処置されて静電的に帯電し、
第1種の繊維は、繊維物の整形の前及び/またはその間に、繊維物の体積の少なくとも一部において第1種の繊維と第2種の繊維の比率が繊維物の断面にわたって勾配を示すように、第2種の繊維と混合され、前記勾配は、前記繊維物をフィルター材として使用したときに、上流側となる面は第1種の繊維の比率が第2種の繊維の繊維の比率よりも高く、清浄空気側となる面は第2種の繊維の比率が第1種の繊維の比率よりも高くなるように構成される、
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 第1種の繊維と第2種の繊維の両方が、極性液体によって静電的に帯電することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 静電的な帯電のための極性液体として水が使用されることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 第1種の繊維は、繊維物の整形の前及び/またはその間に、繊維物の体積の少なくとも50%において第1種の繊維と第2種の繊維の比率が勾配を示すように、第2種の繊維と混合されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 第1種の繊維を生成するための第1のポリマーとして、800よりも小さいメルトフローインデックスを有するポリマーが使用されることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 第2種の繊維の生成のために同心型オリフィスを有するダイが使用され、第2のポリマーとして、2000よりも小さいメルトフローインデックスを有するポリマーが使用されることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 第2種の繊維の生成のためにエクソン型オリフィスを有するダイが使用され、第2のポリマーとして、300よりも大きいメルトフローインデックスを有するポリマーが使用されることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 第1のポリマーとして、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ポリカーボネート、ポリ乳酸、ポリアミド、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、または、これらのポリマーの混合物が使用されることを特徴とする請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 遊離基を結合可能な少なくとも1つの添加剤を含む第1のポリマー及び/または第2のポリマーが使用されることを特徴とする請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 内部スリップ剤として作用し得る少なくとも1つの添加剤を含む第1のポリマー及び/または第2のポリマーが使用されることを特徴とする請求項1から9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 収集装置によって繊維物が整形される前及び/またはその間に、第1種の繊維及び第2種の繊維に1μmよりも小さい平均繊維直径を有する超微細繊維が追加されることを特徴とする請求項1から10に記載の方法。
- メルトブロー紡糸処理によって生成される繊維からなるプリーツ加工可能な繊維物であって、繊維は、第1のポリマーからなる第1種の繊維及び第2のポリマーからなる第2種の繊維を含み、第1種の繊維の平均繊維直径は10μmよりも大きく、第1種の繊維の平均繊維直径は第2種の繊維の平均繊維直径よりも大きく、繊維物の体積の少なくとも一部において第1種の繊維と第2種の繊維の比率は繊維物の断面にわたって勾配を示し、第1種の繊維及び/または第2種の繊維の少なくとも一部は静電的に帯電し、前記繊維物を用いて0.2を超える性能指数を有するフィルターを製造可能であり、前記勾配は、繊維物をフィルターとして使用したときに、上流側となる面は第1種の繊維の比率が第2種の繊維の繊維の比率よりも高く、清浄空気側となる面は第2種の繊維の比率が第1種の繊維の比率よりも高いように構成される、繊維物。
- 第1種の繊維は、平均繊維直径が10μmよりも大きくなるように紡糸されることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の繊維物。
- 第2種の繊維は、平均繊維直径が10μmよりも小さくなるように紡糸されることを特徴とする請求項12または13に記載の繊維物。
- 前記繊維物は不織布であることを特徴とする請求項12から14のいずれか1項に記載の繊維物。
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US20070055015A1 (en) | 2005-09-02 | 2007-03-08 | Kraton Polymers U.S. Llc | Elastomeric fibers comprising controlled distribution block copolymers |
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