JP6762715B2 - Gasifier - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a gasification furnace and a gasification system for gasifying biomass resources.

In recent years, biomass resources (resources derived from living organisms such as crushed building waste) have been actively used as fuel or the like. For example, biomass resources are put into a gasification furnace and ignited, and the heat is used to carbonize the biomass resources, pyrolyze organic substances to gasify them, and generate fuel gas containing H ₂ , CH ₄ , CO, etc. To do.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-213647 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-13583 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-146188 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-238972

When gasifying biomass resources, if there is sufficient oxygen in the gasification furnace, combustion will proceed, and even the pyrolyzed gas will be burned, making it impossible to produce fuel gas. Therefore, the amount of oxidizing agents such as air supplied into the gasification furnace is limited to the extent that the temperature required for thermal decomposition of biomass resources is maintained.

Further, as a configuration for supplying the oxidant, a configuration in which the oxidant is supplied from a supply port provided on the inner wall of the gasification furnace containing the biomass resources, or a rotation shaft in which a stirring member is provided around the gasification furnace is provided to provide a rotation shaft. There is a known configuration in which the gas is supplied from the tip (lower end) of the (Patent Document 3).

In this way, in the configuration in which the oxidant is supplied from the inner wall of the gasifier or the tip of the rotating shaft, the reaction between the oxidant and the biomass resource is limited to the periphery of the supply, which causes a problem of inefficiency. ..

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a gasification furnace capable of efficiently gasifying biomass resources.

In order to solve the above problems, the gasification furnace of the present invention
A furnace body with a cylindrical housing for storing biomass resources,
An oxidant supply unit that supplies the oxidant into the furnace body and
A shaft extending in the vertical direction in the accommodating portion and including an oxidant supply path through which the oxidant is passed, and a shaft.
A tubular member protruding from the shaft toward the inner wall of the housing portion, the oxidant supply port opened on the outer surface in contact with the biomass resource in the storage portion, and the oxidant supply path of the shaft. An oxidizer supply pipe containing an oxidizer flow path that communicates with the
A drive unit that rotates the oxidant supply pipe in the accommodating portion by rotating the shaft about the vertical direction in the accommodating portion.
To be equipped.

In the gasification furnace, the shaft may include a flow path of the refrigerant, and the oxidant supply pipe may include the flow path of the refrigerant communicating with the flow path on the shaft side.
The gasifier has an upper portion that protrudes from the shaft toward the inner wall of the accommodating portion at a height that matches the target when the biomass resources are charged from the upper portion of the accommodating portion and deposited to a target height. A scraper may be provided.

The gasification furnace is provided with a partition portion having a plurality of openings penetrating in the vertical direction by partitioning the accommodating portion vertically, and the accommodating portion is in contact with or close to the upper surface of the partition portion from the shaft. It may be provided with a lower scraper protruding toward the inner wall of the.

The gasification furnace has a partition portion having a plurality of holes penetrating in the vertical direction by partitioning the accommodating portion up and down, and the accommodating portion above the partition portion is used as a first gasification chamber, and the partition portion is used. A second gasification chamber may be provided in the lower accommodating portion.

In the gasification furnace, the shaft and the oxidant supply pipe may be provided in each of the first gasification chamber and the second gasification chamber.

In the gasification furnace, the shaft is provided across the first gasification chamber and the second gasification chamber, and the oxidant supply pipe is provided in the first gasification chamber and the second gasification chamber. It may be provided in each of.

In the gasification furnace, the shaft has a first oxidant supply path for supplying an oxidant from the upper part to the oxidant supply pipe in the first gasification chamber, and the oxidation in the second gasification chamber from the lower part. A second oxidant supply path for supplying the oxidant to the agent supply pipe may be provided.

The gasification furnace may include a lower scraper protruding from the shaft toward the inner wall of the accommodating portion in a state of being in contact with or close to the upper surface of the partition portion.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a gasification furnace capable of efficiently gasifying biomass resources.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a gasifier according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the shaft. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing a part of the shaft. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the oxidizing agent supply pipe in line B of FIG. FIG. 5A is a view showing a cross section passing through the center of rotation in parallel with the front surface shown in FIG. 2 (A). FIG. 5B is a view showing a cross section passing through the center of rotation in parallel with the side surface shown in FIG. 2 (B). FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the upper scraper in line D of FIG. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C of FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line E of FIG. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the lower scraper in line F of FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a modified example of the shaft. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the gasification furnace according to the second embodiment. FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of the gasification furnace according to the third embodiment. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of the gasification furnace according to the fourth embodiment.

<Embodiment 1>
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, the outline of the gasification furnace according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

<Overall configuration>
The gasification furnace according to the first embodiment is a unit for using a biomass resource as a raw material and carbonizing the raw material for gasification. The gasification furnace includes a furnace body 1, a shaft 3, a raw material input section 4, a drive section 5, an oxidant supply section 6, a punching plate 13, a lower scraper 21, an oxidant supply pipe 22, an upper scraper 23, and a blower 12. There is.

The furnace body 1 has a cylindrical accommodating portion 19 for accommodating raw materials inside, and has a water-cooled jacket 18 between the outer wall and the inner wall. The water-cooled jacket 18 introduces cooling water as a refrigerant from the refrigerant introduction unit 11 provided at the upper portion, circulates in the wall of the furnace body 1 to cool the furnace body, and discharges the cooled refrigerant from the refrigerant discharge unit 15. ..

The shaft 3 extends in the vertical direction in the accommodating portion 19 and includes an oxidant supply path through which the oxidant is passed, as will be described later.

The raw material charging unit 4 is a device for charging raw materials such as chips and pellets into the accommodating unit 19 in the furnace body 1. The raw material input unit 4 inputs the raw materials supplied from the supply system such as a chain conveyor, a bucket elevator, and a screw conveyor (not shown) into the accommodating unit 19 by, for example, a screw feeder. Further, the raw material input unit 4 includes an electric heater 41 that ignites the raw material.

The drive unit 5 includes an electric motor 51 as a drive source and a connecting mechanism 52 such as a gear that transmits the driving force of the electric motor 51 to the shaft 3, and rotationally drives the shaft 3 with the vertical direction as a rotation axis.

The oxidant supply unit 6 includes a blower 61, a duct 62, and a connection unit 63. The connection unit 63 communicates with the oxidant supply path of the shaft 3 as described later, and air as an oxidant is blown by the blower 61. The oxidizing agent is supplied into the accommodating portion 19 via the duct 62, the connecting portion 63, and the shaft 3.

The punching plate 13 is a partition portion that partitions the accommodating portion 19 vertically and has a plurality of openings that penetrate in the vertical direction. The size of the opening of the punching plate 13 is set to be smaller than the size of the raw material at the time of charging so that the raw material charged into the accommodating portion 19 can be loaded, and the carbonized and fine-grained raw material is dropped. It has become. The punching plate 13 of the first embodiment is a so-called punching metal, but is not limited to this, and may be a mesh or a lattice.

The lower scraper 21 has a configuration in which the lower scraper 21 projects horizontally from the shaft 3 toward the inner wall of the accommodating portion 19 in a state of being in contact with or close to the upper surface of the punching plate 13. In addition, in the close state, the gap between the lower end of the lower scraper 21 and the punching plate 13 is close to the size of the raw material or larger than the size of the raw material so that the raw material on the punching plate 13 can be moved. It is in a state of approaching to become smaller.

The oxidant supply pipe 22 is a tubular member that protrudes horizontally from the shaft 3 toward the inner wall of the accommodating portion 19, and has an oxidant supply port opened on the outer surface in contact with the raw material in the accommodating portion and the oxidant of the shaft. It contains an oxidant flow path that communicates with the supply path.

The upper scraper 23 has a structure in which the raw material is charged from the upper part of the accommodating portion 19 and has a height that matches the target when the raw material is deposited to the target height, and the upper scraper 23 projects horizontally from the shaft 3 toward the inner wall of the accommodating portion 19. It has become.

In the blower 12, the intake side is connected to the space below the punching plate 13 of the accommodating portion 19, the fuel gas gasified in the accommodating portion 19 is sucked out, and is sent to the demand side of the gas turbine or the like via the pipe 14. There is.

In this way, in the gasification furnace, the raw material is charged into the accommodating unit 19 by the raw material input unit 4, the raw material is deposited on the punching plate 13, and the shaft 3 is rotationally driven to accommodate the oxidant supply pipe 22 in the accommodating unit 19. The raw material is dried and stored while being swirled horizontally inside, and the organic material is gasified to produce fuel gas, which is sent to the demand side. At this time, since the gasifier of the first embodiment supplies the oxidant while rotating the oxidant supply pipe 22 in the accommodating portion 19 in the horizontal direction, the reaction occurs in a wide range in the horizontal direction in the accommodating portion 19. Since it can be caused and the thermal decomposition accompanying this occurs in a wide range, gasification can be performed efficiently.

<Structure of each part>
Next, the configuration of each part will be described in detail. 2A and 2B are views showing the configuration of the shaft 3, FIG. 2A is a front view of the shaft 3, FIG. 2B is a side view, and FIG. 2C is a sectional view taken along the line AA. Further, FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing a part of the shaft 3.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the shaft 3 has a cooling water outflow pipe 34 which is a flow path of the refrigerant in the center, and an upper shaft 33 is externally fitted in the outbound pipe 34 to form an outer peripheral surface of the outbound pipe 34. The space between the upper shaft 33 and the inner peripheral surface of the upper shaft 33 is a cooling water return pipe 332 which is a flow path of the refrigerant.

A lower shaft 31 is connected below the upper shaft 33. The lower shaft 31 has a forward pipe 34 at the center, has an outer shell 317 concentrically with the forward pipe 34, and vertically divides the space between the outer peripheral surface of the forward pipe 34 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer shell 317. It is divided. In other words, the lower shaft 31 divides the space between the outer peripheral surface of the going pipe 34 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer shell 317 into four by partition plates 313 to 316 in a cross section orthogonal to the rotation axis. In the shaft of the first embodiment, of the four divided spaces, a pair of spaces located point-symmetrically with respect to the outgoing pipe 34 is used as a cooling water return pipe 319 which is a flow path of the refrigerant, and the other A pair of spaces are used as an oxidant supply path 318.

Then, at the upper end of the lower shaft 31, the return pipes 319 and 319 are closed with lids 328 and 328 on the outer side of the upper shaft 33. Further, the oxidant supply passages 318 and 318 are closed with lids 329 and 329 at a portion inside the upper shaft 33. That is, the return pipe 332 of the upper shaft 33 is communicated with the return pipe 319 in the region where the lid portions 329 and 329 of the lower shaft 31 are not provided. The outer shell 317 of the lower shaft 31 is configured such that a circular pipe is vertically divided into four and connected to each of the partition plates 313 to 316. These outer shells 317 extend above the lower end of the upper shaft 33, form a space between them and the outer surface of the upper shaft 33, and the upper end is closed by the lid portion 312. In this space, the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface penetrate through the upper part of the outer shell 317 facing the oxidant supply path 318 sandwiched between the partition plates 314 and 315 and the oxidant supply path 318 sandwiched between the partition plates 316 and 313. The hole 311 is provided. The hole 311 as the oxidant supply port is communicated with the oxidant supply passages 318 and 318 in the region where the lid portion 329 and 329 of the lower shaft 31 is not provided.

On the other hand, in the upper part of the shaft 3, a cap-shaped connecting portion 169 is connected to the upper end portion of the outgoing pipe 34, the outgoing pipe 34 is rotatable with respect to the connecting portion 169, and the connecting portion 169 and the outgoing pipe 34 Is kept watertight by a seal (not shown). In this connection portion 169, cooling water from a cold heat source (not shown) is supplied via the outbound pipe 16, and the cooling water is supplied to the outbound pipe 34 of the shaft 3.

Further, similarly to the upper shaft 33, the connecting pipe 35 is fitted onto the outgoing pipe 34, the lower end of the connecting pipe 35 is abutted against the upper end of the upper shaft 33, and the upper shaft 33 is rotatably connected to the connecting pipe 35. are doing. Further, the outgoing pipe 34 can also rotate with respect to the connecting pipe 35. Further, the space between the going pipe 34 and the connecting pipe 35 and the space between the upper shaft 33 and the connecting pipe 35 are watertightly held by a sealing mechanism (not shown). The connecting pipe 35 returns the cooling water circulating in the upper scraper 23, the oxidant supply pipe 22, and the lower scraper 21 to the cold heat source side via the return pipe 17. Since the shaft 3 is connectable to the connection portion 169 and the connection pipe 35 in this way, the shaft 3 is connected to the forward pipe 34 and the return pipe 319, 332 as the flow path of the refrigerant even if it is rotationally driven. Refrigerant can be circulated.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a connecting portion 63 of the oxidizing agent supply portion 6 is provided so as to cover the periphery of the hole 311 of the lower shaft 31, and the oxidizing agent is connected from the blower 61 via the duct 62. When sent into the 63, it is supplied to the oxidant supply path 318 through the holes 311 and 311. Further, since the shaft 3 is rotatably connected to the connecting portion 63, the oxidant can be supplied to the oxidant supply path 318 even if it is rotationally driven.

Next, the oxidizing agent supply pipe 22 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5B. As shown in FIG. 2C, the oxidant supply pipe 22 is provided with a plurality of oxidant supply pipes 22 radially centered on the lower shaft 31 at equal intervals with other oxidant supply pipes 22 adjacent to each other. .. In the example of FIG. 2C, four oxidizing agent supply pipes 22 are provided radially. In other words, two oxidant supply pipes 22 are provided on a straight line with the lower shaft 31 interposed therebetween, and two other oxidant supply pipes 22 are provided on a straight line orthogonal to this straight line with the lower shaft 31 interposed therebetween. Has been done.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the oxidizing agent supply pipe 22 in line B shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the oxidant supply pipe 22 has a cooling water outflow pipe 222 which is a flow path of the refrigerant in the center, and has an outer pipe 223 whose cross section is concentric with the outbound pipe 222. .. The base end portion of the oxidant supply pipe 22 is connected to the shaft 3, and the tip end portion is closed by a lid portion (not shown).

Further, the oxidant supply pipe 22 divides the space between the outer peripheral surface of the outgoing pipe 222 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer pipe 223 into upper and lower parts by a partition plate 226. In the oxidant supply pipe 22 of the first embodiment, the upper space divided into two is used as the refrigerant return pipe 224, and the lower space is used as the oxidant flow path 225. The outer tube 223 forming the oxidant flow path has an oxidant supply port 227 that opens to the outer surface in contact with the raw material at a predetermined position in the longitudinal direction and communicates with the internal oxidant flow path 225. The oxidant supply pipe 22 of the first embodiment has two oxidant supply ports 227 at nine locations at substantially equal intervals in the longitudinal direction. In this way, the oxidant supply pipe 22 supplies the oxidant from each of the plurality of oxidant supply ports 227 provided in the longitudinal direction.

The outgoing pipe 222 is connected to the return pipe 224 near the tip of the oxidant supply pipe 22, and the refrigerant supplied to the tip by the outgoing pipe 222 is folded back to the return pipe 224 and the return pipe in the lower shaft 31. Reflux to 319.

Two flat plate-shaped stirring blades 221 are erected on the upper portion of each oxidant supply pipe 22 at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the oxidant supply pipe 22. Since the position of the stirring blade 221 in the longitudinal direction of the oxidant supply pipe 22 is different for each oxidant supply pipe 22, the stirring blade 221 of each oxidant supply pipe 22 can stir and accommodate the different positions in the longitudinal direction. The inside of the portion 19 can be thoroughly stirred.

FIG. 5A is a view showing a cross section passing through the center of rotation in parallel with the front surface shown in FIG. 2 (A).
FIG. B is a cross section showing a cross section passing through the center of rotation in parallel with the side surface shown in FIG. 2 (B). As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the outgoing pipe 34 of the lower shaft 31 and the outgoing pipe 222 of each oxidant supply pipe 22 are connected. Further, an outer ring member 32 is provided around the connecting portion between the lower shaft 31 and the oxidizing agent supply pipe 22, and a space is formed between the outer surface of the lower shaft 31 and the inner surface of the outer ring member 32. This space is partitioned by a partition plate (not shown) into an upper space 326 communicating with the refrigerant return pipe 224 of the oxidant supply pipe 22 and a lower space 327 communicating with the oxidant flow path 225 of the oxidant supply pipe 22. Has been done.

As shown in FIG. 5A, the outer shell 317 of the lower shaft 31 is provided with a connecting hole 321 for communicating the cooling water return pipe 319 and the upper space 326 located outside the return pipe 319. Further, the upper space 326 and the refrigerant flow path 224 of the oxidant supply pipe 22 communicate with each other.

With these configurations, the refrigerant sent from the going pipe 34 of the lower shaft 31 to the tip of each oxidant supply pipe 22 via the going pipe 222 of each oxidant supply pipe 22 is the oxidant supply pipe 22. Fold back to the return pipe 224 at the tip. Then, the refrigerant returned to the return pipe 224 of the oxidant supply pipe 22 returns to the return pipe 319 of the lower shaft 31 through the upper space 326 and the connecting hole 321 of the outer shell 317.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, the outer shell 317 of the lower shaft 31 is provided with a connecting hole 322 for communicating the oxidizing agent supply path 318 and the lower space 327 in the outer ring member 32. Further, the lower space 327 and the oxidant flow path 225 of the oxidant supply pipe 22 communicate with each other.

With these configurations, the air as an oxidant supplied to the oxidant supply path 318 of the lower shaft 31 is supplied to the lower space 327 through the connecting hole 322. Then, air as an oxidant is sent from the lower space 327 to the oxidant flow path 225 of the oxidant supply pipe 22, and is supplied to the raw material from the oxidant supply port 227 provided in the oxidant flow path 225. .. In FIG. 5B, the refrigerant flow path 224 communicates with the upper space 326, and the refrigerant that has returned to the refrigerant flow path 224 is introduced into the upper space 326. Since the upper space is connected in the circumferential direction, the refrigerant in the upper space 326 returns to the refrigerant flow path 319 of the lower shaft 31 through the connecting hole 321 shown in FIG. 5A. Further, also in FIG. 5A, the oxidant flow path 225 of the oxidant supply pipe 22 communicates with the lower space 327. Since the lower space is connected in the circumferential direction, the oxidant introduced into the lower space 327 through the connecting hole 322 shown in FIG. 5B is transferred from the lower space 327 shown in FIG. 5A to the oxidant supply pipe 22. Is sent to the oxidant flow path 225 of.

Next, the configuration of the upper scraper 23 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the upper scraper 23 in line D of FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the upper scraper 23 has a cooling water outflow pipe 231 which is a flow path of the refrigerant in the center, and has an outer pipe 232 concentrically with the outflow pipe 231 in the cross section of FIG. .. Further, in the upper scraper 23, the space between the outer peripheral surface of the outgoing pipe 231 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer pipe 232 is used as a return pipe 233 for the refrigerant, and the outgoing pipe 231 is opened near the tip of the upper scraper 23 and returns. It is connected to the pipe 233. The base end portion of the upper scraper 23 is connected to the shaft 3, and the tip end portion is closed by a lid portion (not shown).

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C of FIG. The refrigerant supplied from the outgoing pipe 34 in the lower shaft 31 to the outgoing pipe 231 of the upper scraper 23 is sent to the tip of the upper scraper 23 by the outgoing pipe 231 and turned back to the return pipe 233 to return the return pipe in the lower shaft 31. Reflux to 319. The upper scraper 23 is cooled by circulating the refrigerant in the forward pipe 231 and the return pipe 233 in this way.

Next, the configuration of the lower scraper 21 will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line E of FIG. 2, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the lower scraper 21 taken along the line F of FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, two lower scrapers 21 are provided in a straight line with the lower shaft 31 interposed therebetween. Not limited to this, the lower scraper 21 may be provided with three or more lower scrapers 21 radially around the lower shaft 31.

Further, the lower scraper 21 has a cooling water outflow pipe 213 which is a flow path of the refrigerant in the center, and has an outer pipe 210 concentrically with the outbound pipe 213 in the cross section of FIG. Further, in the lower scraper 21, the space between the outer peripheral surface of the outgoing pipe 213 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer pipe 210 is used as the refrigerant return pipe 214, and the outgoing pipe 213 is opened near the tip of the lower scraper 21 and returns. It is connected to the pipe 214. The base end portion of the lower scraper 21 is connected to the lower shaft 31, and the tip end portion is closed by a lid portion (not shown). As for the lower scraper 21, similarly to the upper scraper 23 shown in FIG. 7, the outgoing pipe 213 is connected to the outgoing pipe 34 of the lower shaft 31, and the return pipe 214 is connected to the return pipe 319 of the lower shaft 31. .. The refrigerant supplied from the outgoing pipe 34 in the lower shaft 31 to the outgoing pipe 213 of the lower scraper 21 is sent to the tip of the lower scraper 21 by the outgoing pipe 213, and is folded back to the return pipe 214 to return in the lower shaft 31. Reflux to tube 319. The lower scraper 21 is cooled by circulating the refrigerant in the forward pipe 213 and the return pipe 214 in this way.

Further, the lower scraper 21 rotates in the arrow 219 direction, that is, in the clockwise direction in FIG. 8 as the lower shaft 31 rotates. The lower scraper 21 is provided with a flat plate-shaped push plate 211 on the front side of the outer tube 210 in this rotation direction. The lower scraper 21 is provided at a position where the lower end of the push plate 211 or the lower end of the outer tube 210 is in contact with or close to the upper surface of the punching plate 13. The lower scraper 21 provided at this position rotates and the push plate 211 stirs the raw material so as to push it away, so that the carbonized and finely divided raw material falls through the holes of the punching plate 13. As a result, the carbonized raw material can be eliminated, and the raw material on the punching plate 13 can be replaced to continuously gasify.

<Gasification method>
When gasification is performed in the gasification furnace having the above configuration, first, the raw material is charged into the storage unit 19 by the raw material charging unit 4. At this time, the raw material is ignited by the electric heater 41 of the raw material charging unit 4, and the raw material is charged in the ignited state.

On the other hand, a cooling heat source (not shown) supplies cooling water as a refrigerant to the shaft 3 via an outgoing pipe 16 and circulates in the shaft 3 to cool the shaft 3. The cooling water after circulation is discharged from the return pipe 17. Further, this cooling heat source supplies cooling water to the water cooling jacket 18 of the furnace main body 1 via the refrigerant introduction unit 11 and circulates in the water cooling jacket 18 for cooling. The cooling water after circulation is discharged from the refrigerant discharge unit 15.

Further, the drive unit 5 rotationally drives the shaft 3 by driving the motor 51. As a result, the upper scraper 23, the oxidant supply pipe 22, and the lower scraper 21 connected to the shaft 3 also rotate in the accommodating portion 19.

Further, the oxidant supply unit 6 sends out air as an oxidant by the blower 61 and supplies it into the shaft 3 via the duct 62 and the connection unit 63. The air supplied into the shaft 3 is supplied to the oxidant supply pipe 22 via the oxidant supply path 318, and is supplied to the raw material from the oxidant supply port 227 via the oxidant flow path 225. When air is supplied with a predetermined amount of the raw material deposited in the accommodating portion 19, the raw material ignited in the raw material input unit 4 burns and spreads, and the entire raw material deposited in the accommodating portion 19 is ignited. Then, when the oxygen in the accommodating portion 19 is consumed, it becomes a carbonization state. The oxidant supply unit 6 supplies an appropriate amount of air so as to maintain this carbonization state.

By this carbonization, the organic matter in the raw material is thermally decomposed and gasified, and this gas is sucked out to drive the blower 12 and supplied as fuel gas to the demand side through the pipe 14.

The lower scraper 21 stirs the raw material on the punching plate 13 and discharges the carbonized and finely divided raw material through the holes of the punching plate 13. That is, the space under the punching plate 13 functions as a suction chamber for fuel gas and also as a receiving portion for the raw material after gasification.

The raw material is input from the raw material input unit 4 so as to supplement the raw material reduced by gasification and discharge, and a specified amount of the raw material is held in the accommodating unit 19. For example, in the first embodiment, the raw material deposited in the accommodating portion 19 is controlled to have a target height. This control may be performed by measuring the deposited amount of the raw material with a sensor or the like and controlling the input amount of the raw material input unit 4 with a control device, or a person controls the input amount by the raw material input unit 4. Is also good.

When the raw material is fixedly input from the raw material input section 4, a pile of raw materials is formed at the input location, the height of the deposited raw material becomes non-uniform, and the efficiency of gasification is lowered. The upper scraper 23 was provided at a position adjusted to the height of the above. By turning the upper scraper, the pile of the input raw material is leveled and the height of the raw material becomes uniform.

<Effect of Embodiment 1>
As described above, according to the first embodiment, since the oxidant supply pipe 22 supplies the oxidant while swirling in the accommodating portion 19, the oxidation reaction is appropriately performed in a wide range in the accommodating portion 19. And can be gasified efficiently.

Further, by providing the upper scraper 23 at a position corresponding to the target height for depositing the raw material, the height of the deposited raw material can be made uniform, and the height of the deposited raw material can be made uniform and covered by the rotation of the upper scraper 23 in the accommodating portion 19. Appropriate gasification can be performed over a wide range.

In the first embodiment, the lower scraper 21, the oxidant supply pipe 22, and the upper scraper 23 are provided, but the lower scraper 21 and the upper scraper 23 may be omitted. In this case, the oxidant supply pipe 22 may also serve as the lower scraper 21 or the upper scraper 23. Further, the height at which the oxidant supply pipe 22 is installed may be arbitrarily set. For example, the height at which the oxidant supply pipe 22 is installed is set according to the raw material, reaction conditions, the shape of the accommodating portion, and the like.
In the first embodiment, the oxidant is supplied from the oxidant supply pipe 22, but the upper scraper 23 and the lower scraper 21 include the oxidant flow path, and the upper scraper 23 and the lower scraper 21 include the oxidant. May be configured to supply.

<Modification example>
In the above-described first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, an example is shown in which the going pipe 34 is provided at the center of the shaft 3, and the space around the going pipe 34 is divided into four to form an oxidant supply path 318 and a return pipe 319. The configuration is not limited to this, and the configurations of FIGS. 10 (A) to 10 (F) may be used.

In FIG. 10 (A), the space between the outer peripheral surface of the oxidant supply path 401 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer pipe 400 is divided into two by a partition plate 409 with the oxidant supply path 401 as the center, and one of them is an outgoing pipe. 402, the other is the return pipe 403.

FIG. 10B is an example in which the inner space of the outer pipe 400 is radially divided into eight by a partition plate 408. Of these eight spaces, four are oxidant supply paths 401, two are outbound pipes 402, and the remaining two are return pipes 403.

FIG. 10C is an example in which the inner space of the outer pipe 400 is divided into four by a partition plate 408. Of these four spaces, two are used as an oxidant supply path 401, one is used as an outgoing pipe 402, and the other one is used as a return pipe 403.

Further, the cross-sectional shape of the shaft is not limited to a circular shape, and may be another shape. For example, FIGS. 10 (D) to 10 (F) are quadrangles.

In FIG. 10 (D), the space between the outer peripheral surface of the oxidant supply path 401 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube 410 is divided into two by a partition plate 407 with the oxidant supply path 401 as the center, and one of them is an outgoing pipe. 402, the other is the return pipe 403.

FIG. 10 (E) shows an example in which the inner space of the outer pipe 410 is diagonally divided into four by a partition plate 406. Of these four spaces, two are used as an oxidant supply path 401, one is used as an outgoing pipe 402, and the other one is used as a return pipe 403.

FIG. 10F is an example in which the inner space of the outer pipe 410 is divided into four vertically and horizontally by the partition plate 405. Of these four spaces, two are used as an oxidant supply path 401, one is used as an outgoing pipe 402, and the other one is used as a return pipe 403.

It is desirable that the oxidant supply path 401, the forward pipe 402, and the return pipe 403 are arranged point-symmetrically with respect to the rotation axis as shown in FIGS. 10A to 10F.

<Embodiment 2>
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the gasification furnace according to the second embodiment. The gasification furnace of the second embodiment has a different configuration in which the second gasification chamber is provided in the lower part of the punching plate 13 as compared with the first embodiment, and the other configurations are the same. The explanation is omitted again by adding the same reference numerals.

In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, the region above the punching plate 13 in the accommodating portion 19 is the first gasification chamber, and the region below the punching plate 13 is the second gasification chamber.

In the second embodiment, the shaft 3 extends to the second gasification chamber below the punching plate 13, and the upper scraper 123 and the oxidant supply pipe 122 are provided in the second gasification chamber. Since the upper scraper 123 has the same configuration as the above-mentioned upper scraper 23 and the oxidant supply pipe 122 has the same configuration as the above-mentioned oxidant supply pipe 22, detailed description of the configuration will be omitted.

Since the gasification furnace of the second embodiment is provided with a second gasification chamber below the punching plate 13, the raw material carbonized in the first gasification chamber (hereinafter, also simply referred to as carbide) falls from the holes of the punching plate 13. And deposit in the second gasification chamber. Gases such as CO are generated by carbonizing the carbides deposited in the second gasification chamber while supplying air as an oxidizing agent.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, the carbides discharged from the first gasification chamber can be reused for further gasification, and the efficiency of gasification can be improved.

In the second embodiment, the oxidizing agent supply pipe 122 and the upper scraper 123 are provided, but the upper scraper 123 may be omitted. Further, a lower scraper may be provided in addition to the oxidizing agent supply pipe 122 and the upper scraper 123.

Further, although the configuration is such that the oxidant is supplied from the oxidant supply pipe 122 in the second gasification chamber, the oxidant flow path is included in the upper scraper 123 and the lower scraper, and the oxidant is supplied from the upper scraper 123 and the lower scraper. It may be configured to be used.

<Embodiment 3>
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of the gasification furnace according to the third embodiment. The gasification furnace of the third embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that the flow path of the refrigerant and the supply path of the oxidant are independent in the first gasification chamber and the second gasification chamber. Since the configurations of the above are the same, the same elements are given the same reference numerals and the description is omitted again.

In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, the region above the punching plate 13 in the accommodating portion 19 is the first gasification chamber, and the region below the punching plate 13 is the second gasification chamber.

In the third embodiment, the flow path of the refrigerant and the oxidant supply path of the second gasification chamber are made different from those of the first gasification chamber, and the oxidant and cooling water for the second gasification chamber are supplied from the lower end of the shaft 3. It is a configuration to make it. As shown in FIG. 12, the oxidant supply unit 106 blows air for the second gasification chamber by the blower 161 and supplies air to the oxidant supply pipe 122 via the duct 162, the connecting pipe 163, and the shaft 3. Then, the air is supplied to the carbide from the oxidant supply pipe 122.

As described above, according to the third embodiment, since the flow path of the refrigerant and the oxidant supply path of the second gasification chamber are different from those of the first gasification chamber, the supply conditions of the refrigerant and the oxidant are set to the first gasification chamber. And the second gasification chamber can be set appropriately.

<Embodiment 4>
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of the gasification furnace according to the fourth embodiment. The gasification furnace of the present embodiment 4 has a different configuration in which the shafts are independent in the first gasification chamber and the second gasification chamber as compared with the above-described third embodiment, and the other configurations are the same. The same elements are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description is omitted again.

In the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, a shaft 103 is provided in the second gasification chamber separately from the shaft 3 in the first gasification chamber, and the upper scraper 123 and the oxidant supply pipe 122 are connected to the shaft 103. Has been done. Further, the drive unit 105 includes an electric motor 151 as a drive source and a connecting mechanism 152 such as a gear that transmits the driving force of the electric motor 151 to the shaft 103, and rotationally drives the shaft 103 with the vertical direction as the rotation axis.

As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, since the shaft 103 of the second gasification chamber is provided separately from the first gasification chamber, the first gasification chamber and the second gasification chamber can be easily separated. And maintainability is improved. Rotational conditions such as the rotation speed of the shaft and the timing at which rotation is started can be appropriately set in the first gasification chamber and the second gasification chamber, respectively.

1 Furnace body 3 Shaft 4 Raw material input part 5 Drive part 6 Oxidizing agent supply part 12 Blower 13 Punching plate 19 Storage part 21 Lower scraper 22 Oxidizing agent supply pipe 23 Upper scraper 31 Lower shaft 33 Upper shaft 35 Connection pipe 61 Blower 62 Duct 63 Connection

Claims (8)

A gasification furnace including a furnace body having a cylindrical storage part for storing biomass resources and an oxidant supply part for supplying an oxidant into the furnace body.
A shaft extending in the vertical direction in the accommodating portion and including an oxidant supply path through which the oxidant is passed and a refrigerant flow path through which the refrigerant is circulated.
A tubular member protruding from the shaft toward the inner wall of the accommodating portion, the oxidant supply port opened on the outer surface in contact with the biomass resource in the accommodating portion, and the oxidant supply path of the shaft. together containing the oxidizing agent passage communicating, communicates with the refrigerant passage of the shaft, the forward pipe for sending distally from the proximal end along the refrigerant in the longitudinal direction of the tubular member, the forward pipe A plurality of oxidant supply pipes extending radially from the shaft , provided with a return pipe that communicates with the tip of the refrigerant and returns the refrigerant from the tip to the base end side .
A drive unit that rotates the oxidant supply pipe in the accommodating portion by rotating the shaft about the vertical direction in the accommodating portion.
The shaft communicates with the shaft-side outbound pipe and the outbound pipes of the plurality of oxidizing agent supply pipes in the refrigerant flow path, and the shaft-side return pipe in the refrigerant flow path. wherein the plurality of oxidant went back tube and gasifier Ru and an went back tube communicating portion for communicating the supply pipe. 1. Claim 1 comprising an upper scraper protruding from the shaft toward the inner wall of the accommodating portion at a height corresponding to the target when the biomass resource is charged from the upper part of the accommodating portion and deposited to a target height. The gasifier described in. The accommodating portion is partitioned up and down, and a partition portion having a plurality of openings penetrating in the vertical direction is provided, and the accommodating portion projects from the shaft toward the inner wall of the accommodating portion in a state of being in contact with or close to the upper surface of the partition portion. The gasification furnace according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a lower scraper. The accommodating portion is partitioned up and down, and a partition portion having a plurality of openings penetrating in the vertical direction is provided. The accommodating portion above the partition portion is used as a first gasification chamber, and a second accommodating portion below the partition portion is provided. The gasification furnace according to claim 1 or 2, which is provided with a gasification chamber. The gasification furnace according to claim 4, wherein the shaft and the oxidant supply pipe are provided in each of the first gasification chamber and the second gasification chamber. The shaft is provided across the first gasification chamber and the second gasification chamber, and the oxidant supply pipe is provided in each of the first gasification chamber and the second gasification chamber. The gasification furnace according to claim 4. The shaft provides an oxidant from the upper part to the first oxidant supply path for supplying the oxidant to the oxidant supply pipe in the first gasification chamber, and from the lower part to the oxidant supply pipe in the second gasification chamber. The gasification furnace according to claim 6, further comprising a second oxidant supply path for supplying the gas. The gasification furnace according to any one of claims 4 to 7, further comprising a lower scraper protruding from the shaft toward the inner wall of the accommodating portion in a state of being in contact with or close to the upper surface of the partition portion.

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