JP6745795B2 - 融合タンパク質、前記融合タンパク質の複数のモノマーにより構成されるナノ粒子、およびその使用 - Google Patents
融合タンパク質、前記融合タンパク質の複数のモノマーにより構成されるナノ粒子、およびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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Description
Gly−Pro−Leu−Gly−Ile−Ala−Gly−Gln(配列番号3)
Gly−Pro−Gln−Gly−Ile−Trp−Gly−Gln(配列番号4)
Pro−Leu−Gly−Leu−Ala−Gly(配列番号5)
Pro−Val−Gly−Leu−Ile−Gly(配列番号6)
Cys−Gly−Leu−Asp−Asp(配列番号7)
Gly−Pro−Leu−Gly−Ile−Ala−Gly−Gln−Gly−Pro−Leu−Gly−Ile−Ala−Gly−Gln(配列番号8)
ASPAAPAPASPAAPAPSAPAASPAAPAPASPAAPAPSAPA(配列番号9)
ASPAAPAPASPAAPAPSAPAASPAAPAPASPAAPAPSAPAASPAAPAPASPAAPAPSAPAASPAAPAPASPAAPA(配列番号10)
HFt−MMP−PAS40およびHFt−MMP−PAS75融合タンパク質の発現ベクトルの構築
HFt−MMP−PAS(またはvHFt−MMP−PAS)コンストラクトを設計するための第1のステップとして、X線結晶学により実験的に決定された、Protein Data Bank(PDB)においてコード3AJOで利用可能なHFtの三次元構造に基づいて、いくつかの分子モデルを構築した。この構造を計算的に改変するために、InsightII分子モデルソフトウェア(Accelrys Inc.)を使用した。
HFt−MMP−PAS40およびHFt−MMP−PAS75融合タンパク質の細菌発現および精製
例1からのHFt−MMP−PAS40またはHFt−MMP−PAS75を含有するpET−11a発現ベクターを、大腸菌BL21(DE3)に挿入し、ジデオキシ配列決定法により配列決定して、正しい遺伝子の存在を確認した。組換えプラスミドを含有する大腸菌BL21(DE3)細胞を、アンピシリンを含有する1LのTerrific Broth(TB)液体培地(23.6g/Lの酵母抽出物、11.8g/Lのトリプトン、9.4g/LのK2HPO4、2.2g/LのKH2PO4)中37℃で、0.6のOD600まで培養した。遺伝子発現は、0.5mMのイソプロピルチオ−β−D−ガラクトシド(IPTG)を添加することにより誘発し、培養物をさらに3時間インキュベートした。細胞を遠心分離(15000rpmで20分間)により収集し、50mMのTris−HCl(pH7.5)、0.5mMのジチオスレイトール、1mMのEDTA、および300mMのNaCl中に懸濁させ、超音波処理により破壊した。溶解物を15000rpmで40分間遠心分離し、可溶性分画を含有する上澄みを、0.1mg/mLのDNaseで37℃で30分間処理し、5mMのMgCl2で濃縮し、75℃に10分間加熱し、氷上で冷却し、次いで遠心分離して変性タンパク質を除去した。65%の濃度の飽和(w/v)硫酸アンモニウムを使用することにより、回収された上澄みを沈殿させた。ペレットを再懸濁させ、30mMのTris−HCl(pH7.5)、0.25MのNaClに対して一晩透析し、次いで、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)で事前に平衡化されたSuperdex 200 hiload 26/600カラム(GE Healthcare)に投入した。分画をプールし、濃縮し、滅菌濾過し、4℃で保存した。SDSの存在下で行った15%PAGEゲルのクーマシーブルー染色を使用することにより、全ての調製物の純度を評価した。ProtParamソフトウェア(www.expasy.org)により得られたモル吸光係数を使用して、280nmで分光光度法によりタンパク質濃度を決定した。
HFtタンパク質のPEG化型の調製
天然HFtをPEG 5kDaでPEG化し、サイズ排除クロマトグラフィー実験(SEC)において標準として使用した。溶液(2mg/mL)を、pH7.0のPBS中、室温で約2時間撹拌しながら、1.0mMのメトキシポリエチレングリコールマレイミド5KDa(Sigma−Aldrich)でインキュベートした。その後、Amicon Ultra−15(Millipore Corporate)からの30kDa回転濾過デバイスを使用して、試料の濾過およびH2Oddとの交換を5回行い、過剰の試薬を除去した。PEG化試料(HFt−PEG5K)を滅菌濾過し、4℃で保存した。
サイズ排除クロマトグラフィー(SEC)による、HFt、HFt−MMP−PAS40、HFt−MMP−PAS75およびHFt−PEG5Kの流体力学的容積の評価
pH7.5のリン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)で平衡化されたゲル濾過Superose 6カラムを使用することにより、SEC実験を行った。試料は全て、濾過されたPBS中1mg/mLで調製した。
in vitroでのプロテアーゼMMP2/9の存在下におけるHFt−MMP−PAS75融合タンパク質からの保護PASの除去
MMP感受性コンジュゲートの酵素的切断を分析するために、HFt−MMP−PAS75の切断をMMP−2/9の存在下で試験した。HFt−MMP−PAS75の溶液をコラゲナーゼIV(MMP2および9を含有)と混合し、37℃で2時間インキュベートした。次いで、pH7.5のリン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)で平衡化されたゲル濾過Superose 6カラムを使用して(図6)、およびSDSゲルクロマトグラフィーにより(図7)、試料をSEC実験において試験した。
化学療法剤を担持するHFt−MMP−PAS40およびHFt−MMP−PAS75の調製
化学療法剤として、本発明者は、薬物ドキソルビシン(DOXO)を使用した例を報告した。DOXOは、pHに応じたタンパク質非共役−共役プロセスを利用することにより、2つの融合タンパク質のタンパク質空洞内にカプセル化した。反応は、1.5mMのDOXOの好ましい濃度および5μMのタンパク質の好ましい濃度を使用することにより行った。カプセル化反応は、1.8から2.5の間に含まれるpH、より好ましくは2.0のpHの酸性条件下で、DOXOおよびタンパク質を暗所で穏やかに混合することにより行った。反応温度は、通常、5から30分、好ましくは10分の期間で、+10℃から+40℃の間に含まれ、好ましくは+25℃である。その後、濃NaOHを使用して溶液を6.5から9.0の間に含まれるpHに、より好ましくはpH7.5に速やかに調節し、さらに30分間撹拌し続けた。次いで、溶液を4℃で15,000rpmで30分間遠心分離し、上澄みを、pH7.4のリン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)中で10から16時間に含まれる期間、暗所で4℃で透析した。最終ステップとして、30kDa回転デバイスAmicon Ultra−15(Millipore Corporate)により、溶液を所望の濃度に調節した。DOXOを含有するHFtナノ粒子(NP)(HFt−MMP−PAS40−DOXOおよびHFt−MMP−PAS75−DOXO)を滅菌濾過し、暗所で4℃で保存した。
薬物ドキソルビシンのカプセル化収率の試験
確立されたコンストラクトの2つ(HFt−MMP−PAS40およびHFt−MMP−PAS75)によるドキソルビシンのカプセル化能力を試験し、天然HFtタンパク質の能力および文献からの他のデータと比較した。ドキソルビシンの量は、試料を25℃で30分間酸性イソプロパノール(2N HCl)でインキュベートした後に決定した。評価は、UV−可視分光光度計を使用することにより、485nmの読取り値、および9250M−1cm−1のDOXOの吸光係数を用いて行った。
次いで、相対的収率を、%タンパク質回収、およびカプセル化されたドキソルビシン分子の数に関して報告した(図8)。本特許の主題のコンストラクトは、驚くべきことに、また予想外にも、天然HFtと比較して少なくとも6倍良好な、薬物ドキソルビシンをカプセル化する能力を獲得したことが確認され得る。
フェリチン−ドキソルビシン複合体の安定性の試験
フェリチン−ドキソルビシン複合体の安定性を、経時的な%薬物放出に関して、4℃および37℃で試験した。放出されたドキソルビシンの%は、pH7.5のリン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)で平衡化されたゲル濾過Superose 6カラムを使用して、サイズ排除クロマトグラフィー(SEC)により評価した。試料は全て、280および485nmでの吸収に従い、濾過されたPBS中1mg/mLに調製した。HFt−MMP−PAS40−DOXOの典型的な溶出プロファイルを、図10に示す。
図9に示されるように、本特許に記載のHFtに対して行われた改変によって、HFt−MMP−PAS40コンストラクト(HFt−MMP−PAS75でも同じ結果が得られた)は、対応する天然HFtコンストラクトと比較して、その薬物結合形態においてはるかにより安定である。
in vitroでのHFt−MMP−PAS75−DOXOの抗増殖効果
増殖を試験するために、ヒト肉腫細胞(HT−1080)を、37℃の200μlの完全培地中、約5×103/ウェルで96ウェルプレート上に播種した。翌日、ウェルにPBS、HFt−MMP−PAS75、ドキソルビシンまたはHFt−MMP−PAS75−DOXOを3回、異なる濃度のドキソルビシンで加え、細胞を72時間培養した。培養中の最後の4時間の間、[3H]−チミジンを添加し(1μCi/ウェル;1mCi=37MBq)、洗浄した細胞を溶解させ、TCA沈殿可能な放射能をカウントすることにより、取り込みを評価した。
ドキソルビシン含有化合物に対する薬物動態実験
血漿安定性および薬物動態を評価するために、健康なマウスにドキソルビシン含有化合物を静脈内注射した。次いで、血液試料を異なる時点(10、60、180、360および1440分)で採取し、酸性イソプロパノール(0.75N HCl)で1:10に希釈し、−20℃で凍結した。翌日、抽出したドキソルビシンを、マルチモードスキャンプレートリーダを使用して、485nmの励起および590nmの発光で蛍光を測定することにより定量した。ドキソルビシン、INNO−206(新しくより活性なドキソルビシン製剤)、HFt−DOXO、HFt−MMP−PAS40−DOXOおよびHFt−MMP−PAS75−DOXOの試料を評価した。結果を図12に示す。
動物モデルにおけるドキソルビシン含有化合物の治療効果の評価
ドキソルビシン含有化合物の治療効果を評価するための典型的な実験を、ヒト膵臓腫瘍(異種移植)を有するマウスにおいて行った。腫瘍サイズが約100mm3に達したら、マウス群(n=6)を5mg/kgドキソルビシンの単回投薬で4回(4日毎)処置した。試験した化合物は、INNO−206、HFt−MMP−PAS40−DOXOおよびHFt−MMP−PAS75−DOXOであった。処置の開始から約3週間後の腫瘍重量の典型的な実験の結果(および代表的画像)を、図13に報告する。図に示されるように、本発明者により確立されたドキソルビシン含有コンストラクトは、試験した用量において、薬物ドキソルビシンの新たな製剤(INNO−206)と比較してより高い治療活性を有する。
Claims (15)
- 少なくとも3つのドメインを含む融合タンパク質であって、
(a)第1のドメインは、天然ヒトフェリチンの重鎖のアミノ酸配列、または天然ヒトフェリチンの重鎖のアミノ酸配列との少なくとも90%の同一性を有するその変異体を含み、
(b)第2のドメインは、マトリックスメタロプロテイナーゼ(MMP)切断部位のアミノ酸配列を含み、そして
(c)第3のN末端ドメインは、プロリン、セリンおよびアラニン(PAS)からなる少なくとも20アミノ酸残基の非構造化ポリペプチドからなり、
前記PASは、80アミノ酸残基より短い長さを有する、
融合タンパク質。 - 前記第1のドメインは、配列番号1の天然ヒトフェリチンの重鎖のアミノ酸配列、または配列番号2のヒトフェリチンの重鎖変異体のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1に記載の融合タンパク質。
- 前記第2のドメインは、MMP−2、MMP−3、MMP−7およびMMP−9からなる群から選択されるマトリックスメタロプロテイナーゼ(MMP)切断部位のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1または2に記載の融合タンパク質。
- 前記マトリックスメタロプロテイナーゼ(MMP)切断部位の前記アミノ酸配列は、配列番号3〜8からなる群から選択される、請求項3に記載の融合タンパク質。
- 前記PASポリペプチドの前記プロリン残基が、その全アミノ酸残基の10〜40%に達する、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の融合タンパク質。
- 前記PASポリペプチドの前記アミノ酸配列は、配列番号9および配列番号10から選択される、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の融合タンパク質。
- それぞれ第1のドメインを第2のドメインに、および/または第2のドメインを第3のドメインに連結する、第1および/または第2のリンカーアミノ酸配列(複数可)を含み、前記第1および前記第2のアミノ酸配列は、互いに同じまたは異なる、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の融合タンパク質。
- 活性成分および/または造影剤に連結している、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の融合タンパク質。
- 請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の融合タンパク質の複数のモノマーを含むナノ粒子。
- 請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の融合タンパク質をコードする単離核酸。
- 請求項10に記載の核酸を含むベクター。
- 請求項10に記載の核酸または請求項11に記載のベクターを含む宿主細胞。
- 少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容される賦形剤、担体または希釈剤と組み合わされた、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の融合タンパク質、請求項9に記載のナノ粒子、請求項10に記載の単離核酸、請求項11に記載のベクター、または請求項12に記載の宿主細胞を含む薬学的組成物。
- 薬剤としての使用のための、請求項13に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 腫瘍の治療処置および/または診断における使用のための、請求項13に記載の薬学的組成物。
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