JP6745247B2 - エネルギ変換システム - Google Patents
エネルギ変換システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP6745247B2 JP6745247B2 JP2017124570A JP2017124570A JP6745247B2 JP 6745247 B2 JP6745247 B2 JP 6745247B2 JP 2017124570 A JP2017124570 A JP 2017124570A JP 2017124570 A JP2017124570 A JP 2017124570A JP 6745247 B2 JP6745247 B2 JP 6745247B2
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 99
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 46
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
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- B60K8/00—Arrangement or mounting of propulsion units not provided for in one of the preceding main groups
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
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- B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
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- F25B17/08—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
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- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
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- H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Description
前記冷熱生成部は、吸着材に作動媒体を吸着および脱離させ、前記作動媒体の蒸発潜熱によって前記冷熱を生成する吸着式冷凍機(30)であることを特徴とする。
以下、本発明の第1実施形態について図1、図2に基づいて説明する。第1実施形態に係る燃料電池システム1は、電気自動車の一種である、いわゆる燃料電池車両に適用されており、車両走行用電動モータ等の電気負荷に電力を供給するものである。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態について説明する。上記第1実施形態と同様の部分は説明を省略し、異なる部分についてのみ説明する。
本発明は上述の実施形態に限定されることなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲内で、以下のように種々変形可能である。また、上記各実施形態に開示された手段は、実施可能な範囲で適宜組み合わせてもよい。
2 燃料電池(エネルギ変換部)
14 コンデンサ(液水取得部)
23 ラジエータ(燃料電池用熱交換器)
30 吸着式冷凍機(冷熱生成部)
31 吸着部
32 蒸発凝縮部(凝縮部)
34 吸引ポンプ(減圧部)
43 第1凝縮水供給部(熱交換器用水供給部)
44 第2凝縮水供給部(供給空気用水供給部)
50 室内コンデンサ(室内熱交換器)
51 室外コンデンサ(室外熱交換器)
Claims (6)
- エネルギ源を他の形態のエネルギに変換し、前記エネルギの変換に伴って熱および水蒸気を排出するエネルギ変換部(2)と、前記水蒸気から液水を取得する液水取得部(14)と、を備えるエネルギ変換システムであって、
前記エネルギ変換部が放出する熱を用いて冷熱を生成する冷熱生成部(30)を備え、
前記液水取得部は、前記冷熱によって前記水蒸気を凝縮させて液水を取得し、
前記冷熱生成部は、吸着材に作動媒体を吸着および脱離させ、前記作動媒体の蒸発潜熱によって前記冷熱を生成する吸着式冷凍機(30)であるエネルギ変換システム。 - 前記吸着式冷凍機は、
前記吸着材に前記作動媒体を吸着および脱離させる吸着部(31)と、
前記吸着材から脱離した前記作動媒体を凝縮させる凝縮部(32)と、
前記吸着部と前記凝縮部の間に設けられ、前記吸着材から前記作動媒体を脱離させる際に前記吸着部の内部を減圧可能な減圧部(34)と、を備えている請求項1に記載のエネルギ変換システム。 - 前記エネルギ変換部は、水素と、酸素を含んだ空気とが供給され、酸素と水素との電気化学反応により生成水が発生する燃料電池であり、
前記水蒸気は、前記燃料電池から排出される前記空気に含まれる前記生成水である請求項1または2に記載のエネルギ変換システム。 - 前記燃料電池の熱を大気に放出するための燃料電池用熱交換器(23)と、
前記燃料電池用熱交換器に前記液水取得部で取得された液水を供給し、前記燃料電池用熱交換器を冷却する熱交換器用水供給部(43)とを備える請求項3に記載のエネルギ変換システム。 - 前記燃料電池に供給される空気に前記液水取得部で取得された液水を供給する供給空気用水供給部(44)を備える請求項3または4に記載のエネルギ変換システム。
- 前記冷熱で室内の空気を冷却する室内熱交換器(50)および前記冷熱で室外の空気を冷却する室外熱交換器(51)の少なくともいずれかを備え、
前記室内熱交換器は、前記冷熱によって前記室内の空気に含まれる水蒸気を凝縮させて液水を取得するように構成され、
前記室外熱交換器は、前記冷熱によって前記室外の空気に含まれる水蒸気を凝縮させて液水を取得するように構成されている請求項1ないし5のいずれか1つに記載のエネルギ変換システム。
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