JP6685952B2 - Tunnel machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator for exchanging a cutter bit provided in a cutter spoke of a cutter head from inside the cutter spoke.

  In a tunnel machine, a plurality of cutter bits are attached to the front ends of a plurality of cutter spokes (cutter frames) of a cutter head (cutter disc), and the cutter head is driven to rotate to excavate a face. To go. If the cutter bit becomes worn during tunnel excavation, the excavation is interrupted and the worn cutter bit is replaced. As a method for replacing the cutter bit, a method is known in which an operator enters the cutter spoke and replaces it.

  In the cutter maintenance device of the shield machine described in Patent Document 1, the cutter head has an outer peripheral cutter frame and a central cutter frame, and the outer peripheral cutter frame provides a plurality of intermediate beams at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction. Is connected to the swivel ring (cutter drum) via a working passage that is connected to the space inside the cutter frame inside the intermediate beam, and is connected to the intermediate beam to the working passage with an access member that projects to the inner diameter side. An access passage communicating with the access passage is formed, and an inlet / outlet opening / closing the space inside the machine is formed at a rear end of the access passage. The rotary partition is rotatably supported on the outer diameter side of the cylindrical body that transmits the rotational driving force to the central cutter frame, the outer peripheral end of the rotary partition is fixed to the swivel ring and the access member, and the rotary partition is the outer cutter frame. It is driven to rotate integrally with.

Japanese Patent No. 5426271

  In the cutter maintenance device of Patent Document 1, by forming the working passage and the access passage by the intermediate beam and the access member connected thereto for each of a plurality of intermediate beams that connect the outer peripheral cutter frame to the swivel ring, Workers can enter and exit from the space inside the machine into the outer cutter frame. However, since the access member largely protrudes toward the inner diameter side of the intermediate beam in the chamber, there is a problem that the space in the chamber becomes narrow and the flow of earth and sand in the chamber is obstructed.

  It is an object of the present invention to effectively utilize the cutter drum inner space and the connecting member inner space to improve the accessibility of an operator to and from the cutter spoke inner space, and to enhance the fluidity of the earth and sand in the chamber. Is to provide.

The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, comprising a cutter head having a plurality of cutter spokes, a chamber on the rear side of the cutter head, and a partition structure for partitioning the rear end of the chamber, and a cutter bit is provided from inside the cutter spoke. In a tunnel excavator configured to be replaceable, an annular cutter drum having a closed cross-section structure rotatably supported by the partition wall structure,
A plurality of connecting members having a closed cross-section structure for connecting the cutter drum to cutter spokes, a drum-shaped wall portion formed in the partition wall structure and rotatably supporting an inner peripheral portion of the cutter drum, and an inside of the cutter drum. And a drum inner peripheral side opening formed on the peripheral side wall portion and allowing an operator to enter and exit from the machine space into the cutter drum, and the drum-shaped wall portion enters and exits the drum inner peripheral side opening. A partition-side opening that enables the partition-side opening and a partition-side door device with a partition-side door are provided, and an operator opens the partition-side door to open the partition-side opening, the drum inner circumferential side opening, the cutter drum inner space, and the connecting member. It is characterized in that it can be moved in and out of the cutter spoke inner space through the inner space.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the tunnel excavator according to the first aspect, wherein the partition side door device is formed in a vertically oriented posture such that the partition side door device is movably fitted into the partition side opening and the outer diameter side surface is open. A square tubular body, a partition side door that can open and close an inner diameter side surface of the inner square tubular body, and a tubular body moving mechanism that can switch a position of the inner square tubular body in a radial direction through a manual handle operation. The inner rectangular tubular body is moved by the tubular body moving mechanism between a first position in which an outer diameter side end of the inner rectangular tubular body is separated from the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drum and a second position in which the inner peripheral surface abuts the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drum. It is characterized by being configured as possible.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the tunnel machine according to the first or second aspect, wherein the partition side door devices are symmetrically provided in a pair at left and right sides of the tunnel machine. It has a feature.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the second aspect, the partition side opening has a circumferential length that is at least twice the circumferential length of the drum inner circumferential side opening. It has a feature.

  A tunnel excavator according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the invention according to the first or second aspect, which has a drum side door device capable of opening and closing the drum inner peripheral side opening portion, and the drum side door device is the drum inner peripheral side. The closed door position fitted inside the side opening, the push position moved from the closed position into the cutter drum by a predetermined distance in the direction orthogonal to the drum inner peripheral side opening, and the front end side of the cutter drum from this push position. It is characterized in that it has a drum side opening / closing door whose position can be switched over to the opened door position which is slid to.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the tunnel excavator according to the first or second aspect, a spoke side opening communicating with the inner space of the connecting member is formed in the rear end wall of the cutter spoke, and the spoke side opening is connected. A spoke-side door that can be opened and closed by opening and closing from the member internal space side is provided.The spoke-side door is a cutter closed position where the spoke-side opening is closed from the spoke internal space side, and a cutter forward from this closed position. It is characterized in that it is configured to be switchable between a front pushing position moved to a predetermined distance into the spoke and an opening door position slid from the front pushing position in the length direction of the cutter spoke. There is.

Since the invention of the present application has the configuration described in the section of the problem solving means, it has the following effects.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the operator can enter and leave the cutter drum from the space inside the machine through the partition side opening of the partition side door device and the drum inner peripheral side opening. By effectively utilizing the space, it is possible to form an access passage having a simple structure that can enter and exit the space inside the machine to the space inside the cutter spoke.

  Moreover, a drum inner peripheral side opening is formed in the cutter drum, and a partition wall side door that allows the drum inner peripheral side opening of the partition wall structure that rotatably supports the cutter drum is provided. Since the partition side door device is provided, the drum inner peripheral side opening can be partitioned from the machine space by the partition side door device.

  According to the invention of claim 2, since the partition side door device has the vertically oriented inner rectangular tubular body with the outer peripheral side opened, the partition side door, and the tubular body moving mechanism, the interior side is provided during tunneling. Since the rectangular tube can be held at the first position separated from the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drum, it is possible to prevent interference between the cutter drum and the inner rectangular tube. Further, when the cutter bit is replaced, the partition side door device can be held at the second position where it abuts on the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drum, so that it is possible to prevent the grease or the like from flowing into the inner rectangular tubular body.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the pair of partition side opening / closing door mechanisms are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the tunnel machine, the cutter head is rotated when the cutter bit is replaced. It becomes very easy to connect the opening on the inner peripheral side of the drum to the inner rectangular tube.

  According to the invention of claim 4, since the partition wall side opening has a circumferential length that is at least twice the circumferential length of the drum inner circumferential side opening, the drum inner circumferential side opening is replaced when the cutter bit is replaced. It becomes easy to connect to the inner prism.

  According to the invention of claim 5, the drum side door device capable of opening and closing the drum inner peripheral side opening portion has the drum side door capable of position switching among the closed door position, the pushing position and the door open position. It is possible to reduce the size of the opening on the inner peripheral side of the drum and to open the drum side door into the cutter drum from the space side of the machine.

  According to the invention of claim 6, the spoke side door is normally kept closed, and when the cutter bit is replaced, the spoke side door is opened by an opening / closing operation from the space inside the connecting member. When muddy water enters the cutter spoke inner space in the open state, the spoke side door is closed to prevent the muddy water from entering the machine inner space.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the shield machine according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of a cutter head. It is an expanded longitudinal cross-sectional view of the front end side portion of the shield machine. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a cutter drum. It is a front view of the principal part of a cutter drum. It is sectional drawing of a cutter drum and a drum side opening / closing door mechanism. It is a VII arrow line view of FIG. It is the VIII-VIII sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a IX arrow line view of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a cutter drum and a drum-shaped wall portion inside thereof. It is the XI-XI sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the principal part of a cutter drum, and a partition side opening / closing door mechanism. It is a XIII arrow line view of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a partition side opening / closing door mechanism. It is the XV-XV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a vertical section front view of a cutter head. It is an XVII-XVII line expanded sectional view of FIG. It is an XVIII-XVIII line expanded sectional view of FIG. It is an XIX-XIX line expanded sectional view of FIG. 17 (door closed state). It is an XIX-XIX line expanded sectional view (door open state) of FIG. It is an XXI-XXI line expanded sectional view of FIG. It is the XXII-XXII sectional view taken on the line of FIG.

Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described.
An example in which the present invention is applied to a shield machine (tunnel machine) will be described. First, the overall structure of the shield machine will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the shield machine 1 includes a front body 1a, a rear body 1b, a cutter head 2 on the front side of the front body 1a, a chamber 3 on the rear side of the cutter head 2, and a partition wall for partitioning the rear end of the chamber 3. Structure 4, a cutter drum 5 rotatably mounted on the partition structure 4, a plurality of connecting members 6 for connecting the cutter drum 5 to the cutter head 2, and a cutter head rotation driving the cutter drum 5 mounted on the partition structure 4 The drive mechanism 7 and the rotary joint 8 provided in the central portion of the partition wall structure 4 are provided.

Next, the structure of the cutter head 2 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cutter head 2 includes a head center cylinder 20, an outer peripheral frame 21, three first cutter spokes 22, three second cutter spokes 23, and six third cutters. The spokes 24 and the six third cutter spokes 23 are provided with six pairs of reinforcing members 24a for connecting the inner diameter end vicinity portions and the first and second cutter spokes 22 and 23 on both sides thereof. A plurality of cutter bits 2a are attached to the front surfaces of the first to third cutter spokes 22 to 24. A plurality of cutter bits 2b are attached to the front surface of the head center cylinder 20. The plurality of cutter bits 2b are attached at circumferential positions corresponding to the first cutter spokes 22.

  The first and second cutter spokes 22 and 23 are arranged so as to extend in the radial direction from the head center cylinder 20 to the outer peripheral frame 21. The third cutter spoke 24 has a length that is approximately half the length of the first and second cutter spokes 22 and 23, and is arranged on the outer peripheral side portion of the cutter head 2 so as to extend in the radial direction. The three first cutter spokes 22 are arranged every 120 degrees in the circumferential direction. The three second cutter spokes 23 are arranged every 120 degrees in the circumferential direction so as to be positioned in the middle of the adjacent first cutter spokes 22. The six third cutter spokes 24 are arranged at intervals of 60 degrees in the circumferential direction so as to be positioned in the middle of the first and second cutter spokes 22 and 23.

The head center cylinder 20 and the first to third cutter spokes 22 to 24 are each formed in a closed cross-section structure. The internal spaces of the cutter spokes 22 to 24 extend in the radial direction, and the internal spaces of the three first cutter spokes 22 communicate with the internal space of the head central tubular body 20 on the radially inner side. The internal space inside the cutter spokes 22 to 24 serves as a work passage when the worker replaces the cutter bits 2a and 2b.

The ends of the three first cutter spokes 22 on the side of the head center tubular body 20 have a shape in which the spoke width is narrower than other portions (first narrow width portion 22a). The ends of the three second cutter spokes 23 on the side of the head central portion tubular body 20 also have a shape in which the spoke width is narrower than other portions (second narrow portion 23a). The spoke width of the second narrow width portion 23a is narrower than that of the first narrow width portion 22a. Therefore, a space communicating with the chamber 3 on the center side of the cutter head 2 can be secured, and the inflow of earth and sand into the chamber 3 can be smoothly performed. Here, as described above, the cutter bit 2b is not provided at the circumferential position corresponding to the second cutter spoke 23. Therefore, it is not necessary to form a working passage at a circumferential position corresponding to the second cutter spoke 23, and the spoke width of the second narrow width portion 23a is narrowed to a limit necessary for strength.

You can do it.

  At the outer diameter side end of each first narrow portion 22a, a spoke center side door 25 (FIG. 16, FIG. 21, FIG. 21) which can watertightly shut off the inner space of the head center cylinder 20 and the first cutter spoke 22. 22) are provided.

In this shield machine 1, an operator enters the cutter drum inner space 5 s from the machine interior space, passes through the cutter drum inner space 5 s and the connecting member inner space 6 s, and enters the cutter spoke inner space 2 s. The cutter bits 2a and 2b are replaceable.
The cutter drum 5 and its peripheral structure will be described below. The in-machine space is a space formed on the rear side of the partition structure 4 inside the body members 1a and 1b.
As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the cutter drum 5 is an annular closed cross-section structure having a substantially rectangular cross section into which a worker can enter. The cutter drum 5 is arranged in an annular recess formed in the partition structure 4 so that the front end is open. The rear wall 5c of the cutter drum 5 has a crank shape in cross section, and is formed such that the inner diameter side portion thereof projects somewhat rearward from the outer diameter side portion (see FIGS. 3, 4, and 6).

At the rear part of the partition structure 4, the cutter head rotation drive mechanism 7 described above is arranged. The cutter head rotation drive mechanism 7 is configured to transmit the rotational power of the plurality of hydraulic motors 7c to the cutter drum 5 from the plurality of pinions via the ring-shaped external gear 7b supported by the orbiting bearing 7a ( (See FIG. 3). The rotational power transmitted to the cutter drum 5 is transmitted to the cutter head 2 via the plurality of connecting members 6. As the cutter head 2 is rotationally driven in this manner, the shield machine 1 excavates.

Twelve connecting members that connect the cutter drum 5 to the cutter spokes 22 to 24 at 12 locations where the first to third cutter spokes 22 to 23 intersect with the cutter drum 5 when viewed from the cutter head 2 side. 6 is provided. The connecting member 6 has a closed cross-sectional structure with a substantially square cross section through which an operator can pass (see FIGS. 16 and 17).
The inner space 5s of the cutter drum 5 is partitioned by a plurality of partition walls (see partition walls 5m and 5n in FIG. 8) at circumferential positions corresponding to the plurality of connecting members 6, and the inner space 6s of the connecting member 6 is respectively formed. A plurality of rooms 5r communicating with each other are formed.

  At the twelve circumferential positions corresponding to the connecting member 6, the inner drum side for the worker to move in and out of the inner space side wall portion 5a of the cutter drum 5 from the in-machine space to the room 5r of the drum inner space 5s. An opening 5b and a drum side door device 30 capable of opening and closing the drum inner peripheral side opening 5b are provided.

  At positions corresponding to both ends of the connecting member 6 in the circumferential direction, partition walls 5m and 5n that are parallel to the front-rear direction and are oriented substantially in the radial direction are provided in the cutter drum 5, and these partition walls 5m and 5n are provided with manhole covers. A manhole that can be opened and closed by 5e is formed (see FIG. 6).

  As shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 7, and FIG. 12, the inner peripheral side wall portion 5a of the cutter drum 5 is supported by the drum-shaped wall portion 4a via the earth and sand seal 14a and the bearing 14b, and the rear portion of the inner peripheral side wall portion 5a. An opening 5b on the inner peripheral side of the drum is formed in such a size that a worker can move in and out.

  The drum side door device 30 includes a drum side door 31 that can be opened and closed with an opening 5ba, and a fastening mechanism 32 that fastens the drum side door 31 to the cutter drum 5 with a plurality of fixing bolts 32a in a state where the drum side door 31 is in a closed position. And a guide for guiding the drum-side door 31 over a closed door position fitted in the opening 5b and in which the opening 5b is in a fully closed state, and a pushing position separated from the closed door in the radial direction of the cutter drum 5. A first guide mechanism 33 and a second guide mechanism 34 that guides the drum-side door 31 over a door-opening position that is separated from the pushing position to the front of the shield machine and the opening 5b is in the fully opened state are provided. There is.

The drum door 31 is formed in a curved shape along the inner peripheral side wall portion 5a.
Upper and lower flange portions 31b are formed on the outer periphery of the drum side door 31, and water stop seal members 31c are fixed to these flanges 31b, respectively. When the drum side door 31 is in the closed position, the drum door 31 is fitted into the drum inner peripheral side opening 5b, and the outer peripheral flange 31b sandwiches the waterproof seal member 31c from the inside of the cutter drum 5 and the drum inner peripheral side wall portion. It is in close contact with 5a. During normal operation, the drum side door 31 is fastened to the inner peripheral side wall portion 5a via the plurality of bolts 32a.

  A substantially rectangular movable plate 36 as shown in FIG. 9 is disposed in the cutter drum 5 in parallel with the drum side door 31, and a pair of guide rollers 37a, 37b are provided respectively. In FIG. 8, the pair of upper guide rollers 37a engages the upper guide bar 38a extending in the front-rear direction attached to the upper partition wall 5m in the cutter drum 5 via the connecting piece, and the lower one The pair of guide rollers 37b is engaged with a lower guide bar 38b attached to the lower partition wall 5n in the cutter drum 5 via a connecting piece and extending in the front-rear direction. With such a configuration, the movable plate 36 can be moved back and forth over a pushing position facing the opening 5b and a door opening position in which the rear end of the movable plate 36 is located in front of the front end of the opening 5b. Has become.

The movable plate 36 is provided with two upper and lower pairs of guide cylinders 33a each having a through hole in the radial direction. Four guide rods 33b are provided on the drum door 31 so as to protrude toward the outer diameter side, and these guide rods 33b are engaged with the four guide cylinders 33a, respectively.
In the state where the fastening of the drum side door 31 to the cutter drum 5 is released, the operation of the drum side door 31 is restricted by the guide cylinder 33a and the guide rod 33b. With such a configuration, the drum side door 31 is movable in the radial direction between the above-mentioned closed position and the pushing position where it abuts on the movable plate 36 (first guide mechanism 33).

  At the pushing position, the drum side door 31 is configured to be fastened to the movable plate 36 via a plurality of bolts 36c. In the state where the drum side door 31 is fastened to the movable plate 36, the operation of the drum side door 31 is restricted by the guide roller 37 and the guide bar 38. The drum-side door 31 is movable back and forth between the above-described pushing position and the opening position where the opening 5b is in the fully opened state (second guide mechanism 34).

Next, the structure of the space inside the machine will be described based on FIGS. 10 to 15.
The partition structure 4 partitions the rear end of the chamber 3, and includes a drum-shaped wall portion 4a (see FIG. 10) that rotatably supports the inner peripheral portion of the cutter drum 5. The left and right sides of the drum-shaped wall portion 4a are respectively provided with partition-side openings 4b for allowing an operator to move in and out of the drum inner peripheral side opening 5b from the machine space. The partition-side opening 4b is provided at the middle position in the height direction of the shield machine 1 and at the same front-back direction position as the drum inner circumference-side opening 5b. The partition-side opening 4b has a wider opening area than the opening 5b, and has a circumferential length that is at least twice the circumferential length of the opening 5b when viewed from the front of the shield machine 1. Has been formed. A pair of partition-side door devices 40 (see FIGS. 10 to 15) capable of opening and closing the pair of partition-side openings 4b are provided on both left and right sides of the drum-shaped wall 4a.

  The partition side door device 40 includes an outer rectangular tubular body 42 extending in the left-right direction (horizontal direction) of the shield machine 1 and an inner rectangular tubular body 43 housed in the outer rectangular cylinder 42 and extending in the left-right direction of the shield machine 1. And a partition side door 41 capable of opening and closing the inner rectangular tubular body 43, and a tubular body moving mechanism 44 for moving the inner rectangular tubular body 43 in the left-right direction (horizontal direction) of the shield machine 1. The inner rectangular tubular body 43 is moved by the tubular body moving mechanism 44 between a first position separated from the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drum (inner surface of the inner peripheral side wall portion 5a) and a second position in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drum. It is configured to be movable.

Both ends of the outer rectangular tubular body 42 are formed to be open, one end thereof is welded to the drum-shaped wall portion 4a so as to surround the partition wall side opening 4b, and the other end is prevented from slipping out of the inner rectangular tubular body 43. An inner flange portion 48 is provided for this purpose. The inner rectangular tube body 43 has a diameter smaller than that of the partition opening 4b and larger than that of the opening 5b. The inner rectangular tubular body 43 is formed so that both ends are open, one end (end portion 43a) thereof faces the opening 4b, and the partition side door 41 is attached to the end portion 43b opposite to the end portion 43a. . A rectangular loop packing 43p is attached to the outer edge of the end portion 43a.
A flange portion 46 is attached to the inner diameter side end portion (end portion 43b) of the inner rectangular tubular body 43. Since the flange portion 46 is in contact with the inner flange portion 48 of the outer square tubular body 42, the inner square tubular body 43 does not come off from the outer square tubular body 42.

  The tubular body moving mechanism 44 includes a plurality of idle wheels 52 for rolling the inner square tube body 43 on the outer square tube body 42, a rail for restricting the operation of the idle wheel 52, and an inner side along the rail. It is configured by a feed screw with a handle or the like for driving the rectangular tube body 43. A base plate 51 is fixed to the bottom plate of the inner rectangular tubular body 43. A pair of idler wheels 52 is attached to the base plate 51, and these idler wheels 52 are rollable on the bottom plate 53 of the outer rectangular tubular body 42.

The support plate 53 is provided with a pair of front and rear rails extending in the left-right direction of the shield machine 1, and the idler wheel 52 is engaged with these rails. A feed screw is provided on the surface of the bottom plate 53 opposite to the idler wheel 52. The feed screw includes a screw shaft 56 extending along the rail direction, a nut member 55, and an operating handle 57. The nut member 55 is connected to the base plate 51 via a connecting member 55a. The connecting member 55a penetrates the bottom plate 53, and the bottom plate 53 is formed with a long hole for avoiding interference with the connecting member 55a.
In order to facilitate the movement of the inner rectangular tubular body 43, low friction slide guides 45a are attached to the upper and lower inner surfaces of the front and rear walls of the outer rectangular tubular body 42. Also, a low friction sliding member 45b which is in sliding contact with the slide guide 45a is attached to the upper and lower portions of the inner surface of the rear wall.

Next, the structures of the spoke side openings 60 and the spoke side doors 61 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 16 to 20, in each of the twelve cutter spokes 22 to 24, a spoke side opening 60 that communicates with the connecting member inner space 6s is formed in the rear end wall 62 of the cutter spoke. A spoke side door 61 is provided that can open and close the side opening 60 by an opening / closing operation from the connecting member inner space 6s side.

  The spoke-side door 61 is in contact with the spoke-side opening 60 and the outer peripheral side thereof, and the closed-door position in which the spoke-side opening 60 is fully closed, and the cutter spokes 22 to 24 in the forward direction from the closed-door position. Between the front pushing position separated from the front pushing position and the door opening position separating the front pushing position in the length direction (radial direction) of the cutter spokes 22 to 24 to fully open the spoke side openings 60. The position is switchable.

  The spoke-side doors 61 are thin flat plate-shaped door bodies 61a located in the cutter-spoke inner spaces 6s, and four projecting members that are fixed to the door body 61a and are arranged in the vicinity of the four corners of the spoke-side openings 60. 61b and. The inclined member 63 corresponding to the above-mentioned four protruding members 61b is fixed to the rear end wall 62 of the cutter spokes 22 to 24 from the side of the connecting member inner space 6s. In each of the slanting members 63, the two fixing bolts 64 provided on the slanting member 63 side are screwed and fixed to the corresponding projecting members 61b, whereby the spoke side doors 61 are brought to the closed position shown in FIG. A lid member 61c for closing the handhole is fixed to the center of the door body 61a with a plurality of bolts.

  When switching the spoke side opening / closing door 61 from the closed position to the front pushing position shown in FIG. 20, the fastening of the fixing bolt 64 is released, the handle portion 65 is grasped, and the spoke side opening / closing door 61 is attached to the cutter spokes 22 to 24 side. When it is pushed to, it comes to the forward pushing position.

  Four idle wheels 66 each having an axial center in the front-rear direction are attached to both ends of the door body 61a in the circumferential direction. The spoke side opening / closing door 61 is switched to the forward pushing position at a portion of the inner surface of the pair of orthogonal wall portions 67 orthogonal to the circumferential direction of the cutter spokes 22 to 24, which is separated from the rear end wall 62 by a predetermined distance. A restricting member 68 having an L-shaped cross section that restricts the eight idle wheels 66 from being separated from the rear end wall 62 by a predetermined distance or more is provided so as to extend in a predetermined radial range.

  As shown in FIG. 16 and FIG. 20, after the spoke side door 61 is moved to the forward pushing position, the spoke side door 61 is manually moved by a predetermined distance in the radial direction through the support guide action of the eight idler wheels 66 (for example, When the spoke side doors 61 are moved by a distance equal to or larger than the radial width of the spoke side doors 61, the spoke side openings 60 are opened to the door open position. As described above, the operator in the connecting member inner space 6s can switch the spoke side door 61 from the closed door position to the front push position and from the front push position to the open position. Further, the spoke side doors 61 can be switched from the open door position to the front push position and from the front push position to the closed position.

  Next, the structure of the spoke center side door 26 will be described. In each first cutter spoke 22, a partition wall 70 and a rectangular opening 71 formed in this partition wall 70 can be watertightly closed in the vicinity of the outer diameter side of the outer diameter side end of the first narrow portion 22a. Spoke center side doors 26 are provided.

  The door outer peripheral portion of the spoke center side door 25 contacts the wall portion around the rectangular opening 70 from the side opposite to the head center tubular body 20, and the door outer peripheral portion is attached to the peripheral wall portion by a plurality of bolts 25a. It is fixed and the spoke center side door 25 is held in the closed position. A pair of upper and lower handle members 72 are fixed to the outer diameter side surface of the spoke center side door 25, and a manually operated cock 73 is attached to the center of the spoke center side door 25. With this cock 73, it is possible to confirm whether or not muddy water has flowed into the central space 20a inside the head central tubular body 20.

Next, the operation of the shield machine 1 will be described.
At the time of tunnel excavation, the cutter drum 5 is rotationally driven by the cutter head rotational drive mechanism 7, the cutter head 2 is rotationally driven through the plurality of connecting members 6, and the shield machine 1 is driven by the thrust of the plurality of shield jacks. While moving forward, the cutting face is excavated by the cutter bits 2a and 2b, and every time one segment of the ring is excavated, the excavation is stopped and the segment of one ring is lined, and the tunnel is excavated. To go.

  During this excavation, the earth and sand excavated from the cutting face flow into the chamber 3 through the gaps between the cutter spokes 22 to 24 of the cutter head 2, and are discharged from the chamber 3 by the soil discharging device 14. Since the spoke widths of the cutter spokes 22 and 23 are narrowed in the center side portion of the cutter head 2, the fluidity of the earth and sand into the chamber 3 becomes high as described later.

  Also, when exchanging the cutter bit 2a, the rotation phase of the cutter head 2 is adjusted so that the cutter spokes 22 to 24 to which the cutter bit 2a to be exchanged is attached are in the horizontal position in a state where the excavation is stopped. Then, the drum inner peripheral side opening 5b is made to face the partition wall side opening 4b, and as described above, the cylindrical body moving mechanism 44 causes the inner rectangular cylindrical body 43 to have its end portion 43a abutting against the drum inner peripheral surface. Switching to two positions, the partition side door 41 is opened, and the operator enters the inside of the inner rectangular tube body 43.

Next, the drum side door 31 is switched from the closed position to the open position, and the worker moves to the connecting member inner space 6s via the room 5r in the cutter drum 5 to move the spoke side door 61 to the open position. The cutter bits 2a are switched to enter the inner spaces of the cutter spokes 22 to 24, and the cutter bit 2a is replaced in the cutter spoke inner spaces 2s. When exchanging the cutter bit 2b, the spoke center side door 26 is opened from the cutter spoke inner space 2s to enter the head center cylinder 20 and the cutter bit 2b is exchanged.

Next, the operation and effect of the shield machine 1 described above will be described.
Since the worker can enter and leave the cutter drum 5 through the partition side opening 4b of the partition side door device 40 and the drum inner peripheral side opening 5b from the machine interior space, the cutter drum interior space 5s and the connecting member interior space 6s are effective. By utilizing this, it is possible to form an access passage of a simple structure that can enter and exit the cutter spoke inner space 2s from the inner space.

  Moreover, the drum inner peripheral side opening 5b is formed in the cutter drum 5, so that the drum inner wall side opening 5b can be moved in and out of the drum-shaped wall 4a of the partition wall structure 4 which rotatably supports the cutter drum 5. Since the partition-side door device 40 including the partition-side door 41 is provided, the partition-side door device 40 can partition the drum inner peripheral side opening 5b from the in-machine space.

  Furthermore, since it is not necessary to provide a member that overhangs in the chamber 3 simply by enlarging the cutter drum 5 somewhat, it is possible to improve the fluidity of the earth and sand in the chamber. Moreover, instead of the cutter head 2 having a special structure, it is possible to adopt a general integrated rotary cutter head 2.

  The partition side door device 40 has an inner rectangular tubular body 43 in a vertical posture, which is open on the outer peripheral side and has a circumferential length that is at least twice the circumferential length of the drum inner circumferential side opening 5b, and the partition side door 41. And the tubular body moving mechanism 44, it becomes easy to rotate the cutter head 2 and connect the drum inner peripheral side opening 5b to the inner rectangular tubular body 43 when the cutter bit is replaced.

  During the tunnel excavation, the inner rectangular tubular body 43 of the partition side door device 40 can be held at the first position separated from the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drum, so that the interference between the cutter drum and the inner rectangular tubular body can be prevented. When exchanging the cutter bit, the inner rectangular tube body 43 can be held at the second position where it abuts the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drum, so that it is possible to prevent grease and the like from flowing into the inner rectangular tube body 43.

  Since the pair of partition side door devices 40 are symmetrically provided at both left and right positions with the axis of the shield machine 1 interposed therebetween, when the cutter bit is replaced, the cutter head 2 is rotated to open the drum inner peripheral side opening 5b. Is very easy to connect to the inner rectangular tube 43.

  Since the drum side door device 30 capable of opening and closing the drum inner peripheral side opening 5b has the drum side door 31 capable of switching the position among the closed door position, the pushing position and the door open position, the drum inner peripheral side opening In addition to the miniaturization of the portion 5b, the drum side door 31 can be opened from the space inside the machine into the cutter drum 5.

  Since the fastening mechanism 32 that fastens the drum-side door 31, the first guide mechanism 33, and the second guide mechanism 34 are provided, the drum-side door 31 can be brought into a reliable closed state, and the closed position and the pushing position. It is possible to move smoothly across the door opening position.

Since the plurality of connecting members 6 are provided at a plurality of portions where the plurality of cutter spokes 22 to 24 intersect with the cutter drum 5 when viewed from the cutter head 2 side, the cutter drum inner space 5s and the connecting member inner space 6s are formed. The configuration for connecting the cutter spoke inner spaces 2s is simplified.
Since the plurality of drum inner peripheral side openings 5b are formed in each room 5r in the cutter drum 5 so as to correspond to the plurality of connecting members 6, the drum inner peripheral side opening 5b, the cutter drum inner space 5s, and the connecting member inner space. The access passage for accessing the cutter spoke inner space 2s through 6s can be shortened.

  Normally, the spoke side door 61 is kept closed, and when the cutter bit is replaced, the spoke side door 61 is opened by an opening / closing operation from the connecting member inner space 6s side. When muddy water enters the cutter spoke inner space 2s in the open state, the spoke side door 25 closes the spoke side opening 60 to prevent the muddy water from entering the in-machine space.

Next, an example in which the above embodiment is partially modified will be described.
(1) The number and arrangement of the cutter spokes provided on the cutter head and the number and arrangement of the reinforcing members are not limited to those in the above embodiment. For example, when four cutter spokes are provided in a small cutter head, the head central cylinder may be formed in a square cylinder.

(2) The equipment and devices installed inside the shield machine are merely examples. For example, instead of the screw type soil discharging device, there is a case where a mud discharging device is adopted.

(3) The structure of the drum side door of the drum side door device, the fastening mechanism, and the first and second moving mechanisms are merely examples, and various modifications can be made.
(4) The structure of the partition side door device and the structure of the partition side door are merely examples, and various modifications can be made.
(5) Others can be implemented by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and various modifications can be made to the above-described embodiments, and the present invention also includes such modifications. .

1 shield machine 2 cutter heads 2a, 2b cutter bit 2s cutter spoke inner space 3 chamber 4 partition wall structure 4a drum-shaped wall portion 4b partition wall side opening 5 cutter drum 5a inner peripheral side wall portion 5b drum inner peripheral side opening 5s cutter drum inside Space 6 Connection member 6s Connection member inner space 22, 23, 24 First to third cutter spokes 30 Drum side door mechanism 31 Drum side door 32 Fastening mechanism 32a Fixing bolt 33 First guide mechanism 34 Second guide mechanism 40 Partition side door Device 41 Partition side door 43 Inner square tubular body 44 Cylindrical body moving mechanism 60 Spoke side opening 61 Spoke side opening / closing door

Claims (6)

In a tunnel machine having a cutter head having a plurality of cutter spokes, a chamber on the rear side of the cutter head, and a partition structure for partitioning the rear end of the chamber, and a cutter bit configured to be replaceable from the inside of the cutter spoke. ,
An annular cutter drum having a closed cross-sectional structure rotatably supported by the partition wall structure,
A plurality of connecting members having a closed cross-section structure for connecting the cutter drum to cutter spokes,
A drum-shaped wall portion that is formed in the partition structure and rotatably supports the inner peripheral portion of the cutter drum;
An inner peripheral side opening formed on the inner peripheral side wall of the cutter drum and allowing an operator to enter and exit from the machine space into the cutter drum;
The drum-shaped wall portion is provided with a partition wall side opening device and a partition wall side door device with a partition wall side door that allows the drum inner peripheral side opening portion to enter and exit.
A tunnel characterized in that an operator can open and close the partition side door to pass through the partition side opening, the drum inner peripheral side opening, the cutter drum inner space, the connecting member inner space, and the cutter spoke inner space. Excavator. The partition-side door device is configured to be movable inwardly fit in the partition-side opening, and is capable of opening and closing an inner rectangular tubular body in a vertical posture in which an outer diameter side surface is open, and an inner diameter side surface of the inner rectangular tubular body. A partition side door, and a tubular body moving mechanism capable of horizontally switching the position of the inner rectangular tubular body through a manual handle operation,
The inner rectangular tubular body is movable by the tubular body moving mechanism between a first position in which an outer diameter side end portion thereof is separated from the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drum and a second position in which the outer peripheral end is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drum. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein the tunnel excavator according to claim 1.   The tunnel excavator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a pair of the partition side door devices are symmetrically provided at both left and right positions with the axis of the tunnel excavator interposed therebetween. The tunnel machine according to claim 2, wherein the partition side opening has a circumferential length that is at least twice the circumferential length of the drum inner circumferential side opening. A drum side door device capable of opening and closing the drum inner peripheral side opening portion,
The drum side door device includes a closed door position fitted inside the drum inner peripheral side opening portion and a pushing position moved from the closed door position into the cutter drum by a predetermined distance in a direction orthogonal to the drum inner peripheral side opening portion. 3. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a drum side opening / closing door whose position can be switched from the pushing position to the opening position of the cutter drum that is slid to the front end side. . Spoke side openings that communicate with the connecting member inner space are formed on the rear end walls of the cutter spokes, and spoke side doors that can be opened and closed by opening and closing the spoke side opening from the connecting member inner space side are provided.
This spoke side door has a closed door position in which the spoke side opening is closed from the cutter spoke inner space side, a front push position moved forward from the closed door position by a predetermined distance into the cutter spoke, and this front push position. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the position is switchable from an open position to a position where the cutter spoke is slid in the length direction of the cutter spoke.