JP2018141278A - Tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tunnel excavator which is enhanced in accessibility of a worker to/from a cutter spoke internal space and enhanced in sediment fluidity in a chamber.SOLUTION: A shield excavator comprises: an annular cutter drum 5 having a closed cross section structure which is rotatably supported at a bulkhead structure; a plurality of connecting members 6 having closed cross section structures for connecting the cutter drum to cutter spokes; a drum-shaped wall part 4a which is formed at the bulkhead structure, and rotatably supports an internal peripheral part of the cutter drum; and a drum internal peripheral side opening part 5b which is formed at an internal peripheral side wall part 5a of the cutter drum, and makes a worker go to/from the cutter drum from/to an in-machine space. A bulkhead-side opening part 4b for making the worker go to/from a drum internal peripheral side opening part, and a bulkhead-side door device 40 with a bulkhead-side door 41 are arranged at the drum-shaped wall part, so that the worker opens the bulkhead-side door, passes through the bulkhead-side opening part, the drum internal peripheral side opening part, a cutter drum internal space 5s and a connecting member internal space, and can go in and out of the cutter spoke internal space.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 12

Description

  The present invention relates to a tunnel machine for exchanging a cutter bit provided in a cutter spoke of a cutter head from within the cutter spoke.

  In the tunnel excavator, a plurality of cutter bits are attached to the front end of a plurality of cutter spokes (cutter frames) of a cutter head (cutter disc), and the cutter head is rotated to drive a cutting face by rotating the cutter head. To go. When the cutter bit is worn during tunnel excavation, the excavation is interrupted and the worn cutter bit is replaced. As a method for exchanging the cutter bit, a method in which an operator enters the cutter spoke and replaces it is known.

  In the cutter maintenance device of the shield machine described in Patent Document 1, the cutter head has an outer cutter frame and a central cutter frame, and the outer cutter frames are provided with a plurality of intermediate beams spaced at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction. Is connected to the swivel ring (cutter drum) through the intermediate beam, and a working passage is formed in the intermediate beam and communicated with the space in the cutter frame. An access passage that communicates is formed, and an entrance / exit that enters and exits from the cabin space is formed at the rear end of the access passage. The rotating partition is rotatably supported on the outer diameter side of the cylindrical body that transmits the rotational driving force to the central cutter frame, and the outer peripheral end of the rotating partition is fixed to the turning ring and the access member. And is driven to rotate integrally.

Japanese Patent No. 5426271

  In the cutter maintenance device of Patent Document 1, for each of a plurality of intermediate beams that connect the outer cutter frame to the swivel ring, by forming an operation passage and an access passage with the intermediate beam and an access member connected thereto, An operator can enter and leave the outer cutter frame from the space inside the machine. However, since the access member protrudes greatly toward the inner diameter side of the intermediate beam in the chamber, there is a problem that the space in the chamber becomes narrow and the flow of earth and sand in the chamber is hindered.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavator that effectively uses the space inside the cutter drum and the space inside the connecting member to increase the accessibility of the worker to enter and exit the space inside the cutter spoke and to increase the fluidity of the earth and sand in the chamber. Is to provide.

The tunnel machine according to claim 1 includes a cutter head having a plurality of cutter spokes, a chamber on the rear side of the cutter head, and a partition wall structure for partitioning the rear end of the chamber, and a cutter bit from the cutter spoke. In the tunnel excavator configured to be replaceable, an annular cutter drum having a closed cross-section structure rotatably supported by the partition wall structure;
A plurality of connecting members having a closed cross-sectional structure for connecting the cutter drum to a cutter spoke; a drum-shaped wall portion formed in the partition wall structure and rotatably supporting an inner peripheral portion of the cutter drum; A drum inner peripheral opening formed on the peripheral wall and enabling an operator to enter and exit the cutter drum from the space inside the machine, and the drum-shaped wall enters and exits the drum inner peripheral opening. Provided with a partition-side opening and a partition-side door device with a partition-side door, the operator opens the partition-side door, and the partition-side opening, the drum inner peripheral opening, the cutter drum inner space, and the connecting member It is characterized by being configured to be able to enter and exit the cutter spoke inner space through the inner space.

According to a second aspect of the tunnel excavating machine of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the partition-side door device is configured to be movably fitted in the partition-side opening, and the inside of the vertically oriented posture with the outer diameter side surface opened. A rectangular cylinder, the partition-side door capable of opening and closing the inner diameter side surface of the inner rectangular cylinder, and a cylinder moving mechanism capable of switching the radial position of the inner rectangular cylinder via a manual handle operation. The inner square cylindrical body is moved by the cylindrical body moving mechanism over the first position where the outer diameter side end portion is separated from the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drum and the second position where the outer end is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drum. It is characterized by being configured to be possible.

The tunnel excavator according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the partition side door device is provided in a pair symmetrically at both left and right positions sandwiching the axis of the tunnel excavator. It is a feature.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the second aspect, the partition-side opening has a circumferential length that is at least twice the circumferential length of the drum inner circumferential opening. It is a feature.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the tunnel excavator has a drum side door device capable of opening and closing the drum inner peripheral side opening in the invention according to the first or second aspect. A closed position fitted inside the opening, a pushing position moved from the closing position into the cutter drum by a predetermined distance in the direction perpendicular to the opening on the drum inner circumference, and the front end side of the cutter drum from this pushing position It is characterized by having a drum side opening / closing door whose position can be switched over to the opening position slid to.

  A tunnel excavator according to claim 6 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a spoke-side opening communicating with a connecting member inner space is formed on a rear end wall of the cutter spoke, and the spoke-side opening is connected. A spoke-side door that can be opened and closed by opening / closing operation from the inner space side of the member is provided, and the spoke-side door is closed from the cutter spoke inner space side to the closed position where the spoke-side opening is closed, and forward from the closed position. It is characterized in that the position can be switched over the forward pushing position moved a predetermined distance into the spoke and the door opening position slid from the forward pushing position in the length direction of the cutter spoke. Yes.

The invention of the present application has the following effects because it has the configuration described in the column of problem solving means.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, since an operator can enter and exit the cutter drum from the interior space through the partition side opening and the drum inner peripheral side opening of the partition side door device, the cutter drum inner space and the connecting member By utilizing the space effectively, it is possible to form an access passage having a simple structure capable of entering and exiting from the space inside the machine to the space inside the cutter spoke.

  In addition, a drum inner side opening is formed in the cutter drum, and a partition wall side door is provided in the drum-like wall portion that rotatably supports the cutter drum of the partition wall structure so that the drum inner side opening can be moved in and out. Since the partition side door device is provided, the drum inner peripheral side opening can be partitioned from the interior space by the partition side door device.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the partition side door device has the inner corner cylindrical body in the vertical orientation with the outer peripheral side opened, the partition side door, and the cylindrical body moving mechanism. Since the rectangular tube can be held at the first position separated from the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drum, interference between the cutter drum and the inner rectangular tube can be prevented. In addition, since the partition side door device can be held at the second position in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drum when exchanging the cutter bit, it is possible to prevent the inflow of grease or the like into the inner rectangular tube.

  According to the invention of claim 3, since the partition side opening / closing door mechanism is provided in a pair symmetrically at both the left and right positions sandwiching the axis of the tunnel machine, the cutter head is rotated when the cutter bit is replaced. It becomes very easy to connect the drum inner peripheral side opening to the inner rectangular tube.

  According to the invention of claim 4, the partition side opening has a circumferential length that is at least twice as long as the circumferential length of the drum inner side opening. It becomes easy to connect to the inner square cylinder.

  According to the invention of claim 5, the drum side door device capable of opening and closing the drum inner peripheral side opening has the drum side door whose position can be switched over the closing position, the pushing position and the opening position. In addition, it is possible to reduce the size of the opening on the drum inner peripheral side, and to make it possible to open the drum side door into the cutter drum from the space inside the machine.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the spoke-side door is kept closed during normal operation, and when the cutter bit is replaced, the spoke-side door is opened by opening / closing operation from the connecting member inner space side. When muddy water enters the cutter spoke space in the open state, the spoke side door can be closed to prevent muddy water from entering the machine space.

It is a longitudinal section of a shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of a cutter head. It is an expanded vertical sectional view of the front end side part of a shield machine. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a cutter drum. It is a front view of the principal part of a cutter drum. It is sectional drawing of a cutter drum and a drum side opening / closing door mechanism. It is a VII arrow line view of FIG. It is the VIII-VIII sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is IX arrow line view of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a cutter drum and the drum-shaped wall part inside the cutter drum. It is the XI-XI sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the principal part of a cutter drum and a partition side opening / closing door mechanism. It is a XIII arrow directional view of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a partition side opening / closing door mechanism. It is the XV-XV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a vertical front view of a cutter head. It is the XVII-XVII line expanded sectional view of FIG. It is the XVIII-XVIII line expanded sectional view of FIG. It is the XIX-XIX line expanded sectional view of FIG. 17 (door closed state). It is the XIX-XIX line expanded sectional view of FIG. 17 (door opening state). It is the XXI-XXI line expanded sectional view of FIG. It is the XXII-XXII sectional view taken on the line of FIG.

Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described.
An embodiment when the present invention is applied to a shield machine (tunnel machine) will be described. First, the overall structure of the shield machine will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, this shield machine 1 includes a front cylinder 1a, a rear cylinder 1b, a cutter head 2 on the front side of the front cylinder 1a, a chamber 3 on the rear side of the cutter head 2, and a partition wall that partitions the rear end of the chamber 3 Structure 4, cutter drum 5 rotatably mounted on partition wall structure 4, a plurality of connecting members 6 for connecting cutter drum 5 to cutter head 2, and cutter head rotation mounted on partition wall structure 4 to rotate cutter drum 5 A drive mechanism 7, a rotary joint 8 provided at the center of the partition wall structure 4, and the like are provided.

Next, the structure of the cutter head 2 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cutter head 2 includes a head center cylinder 20, an outer peripheral frame 21, three first cutter spokes 22, three second cutter spokes 23, and six third cutters. The spokes 24 and the six third cutter spokes 23 are each provided with six pairs of reinforcing members 24a that connect the vicinity of the inner diameter end of each of the six third cutter spokes 23 and the first and second cutter spokes 22 and 23 on both sides thereof. A plurality of cutter bits 2 a are attached to the front surfaces of the first to third cutter spokes 22 to 24. A plurality of cutter bits 2 b are attached to the front surface of the head center cylinder 20. The plurality of cutter bits 2 b are attached at circumferential positions corresponding to the first cutter spokes 22.

  The first and second cutter spokes 22 and 23 are disposed so as to extend in the radial direction from the head central cylinder 20 to the outer peripheral frame 21. The third cutter spoke 24 is approximately half the length of the first and second cutter spokes 22, 23, and is disposed on the outer peripheral side portion of the cutter head 2 so as to extend in the radial direction. The three first cutter spokes 22 are arranged every 120 degrees in the circumferential direction. The three second cutter spokes 23 are arranged at intervals of 120 degrees in the circumferential direction so as to be located in the middle of the adjacent first cutter spokes 22. The six third cutter spokes 24 are arranged at intervals of 60 degrees in the circumferential direction so as to be positioned between the first and second cutter spokes 22 and 23.

The head center cylinder 20 and the first to third cutter spokes 22 to 24 are each formed in a closed cross-sectional structure. The internal spaces of the cutter spokes 22 to 24 extend in the radial direction, and the internal spaces of the three first cutter spokes 22 are communicated with the internal space of the head center cylinder 20 at the radial inner side. The internal space in the cutter spokes 22 to 24 serves as a work passage when an operator replaces the cutter bits 2a and 2b.

The end portions of the three first cutter spokes 22 on the head center cylinder 20 side have a shape in which the spoke width is narrower than other portions (first narrow portion 22a). The end portions of the three second cutter spokes 23 on the head center cylinder 20 side also have a shape in which the spoke width is narrower than other portions (second narrow portion 23a). The spoke width of the second narrow portion 23a is narrower than that of the first narrow portion 22a. Therefore, the space | gap connected to the chamber 3 in the center side of the cutter head 2 is ensured, and the earth and sand inflow into the chamber 3 can be performed smoothly. Here, as described above, the cutter bit 2 b is not provided at the circumferential position corresponding to the second cutter spoke 23. Therefore, it is not necessary to form a working passage at a circumferential position corresponding to the second cutter spoke 23, and the spoke width of the second narrow portion 23a is narrowed to a necessary limit in strength.

Can be used.

  At the outer diameter side end of each first narrow width portion 22a, a spoke center side door 25 (FIGS. 16, 21, and FIG. 21) capable of watertightly blocking the inner space of the head center portion cylinder 20 and the first cutter spoke 22 22).

In this shield machine 1, an operator enters the cutter drum inner space 5 s from the inner space, passes through the cutter drum inner space 5 s and the connecting member inner space 6 s, and enters the cutter spoke inner space 2 s. The cutter bits 2a and 2b are configured to be replaceable.
Hereinafter, the cutter drum 5 and its peripheral structure will be described. The in-machine space is a space formed on the rear side of the partition wall structure 4 inside the trunk members 1a and 1b.
As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the cutter drum 5 is an annular closed cross-section structure having a substantially rectangular cross section into which an operator can enter. The cutter drum 5 is disposed in an annular recess formed in the partition wall structure 4 so as to be open at the front end. The rear wall 5c of the cutter drum 5 has a crank shape in cross section, and is formed so that the inner diameter side portion protrudes somewhat rearward from the outer diameter side (see FIGS. 3, 4, and 6).

The cutter head rotation drive mechanism 7 described above is disposed at the rear of the partition wall structure 4. The cutter head rotation drive mechanism 7 is configured to transmit the rotational power of the plurality of hydraulic motors 7c from the plurality of pinions to the cutter drum 5 via the ring-shaped external gear 7b supported by the turning bearing 7a ( (See FIG. 3). The rotational power transmitted to the cutter drum 5 is transmitted to the cutter head 2 via a plurality of connecting members 6. Thus, excavation by the shield machine 1 is performed by rotating the cutter head 2.

Twelve connecting members that connect the cutter drum 5 to the cutter spokes 22 to 24 at twelve locations where the first to third cutter spokes 22 to 23 and the cutter drum 5 intersect when viewed from the cutter head 2 side. 6 is provided. The connecting member 6 has a closed cross-sectional structure having a substantially square cross section through which an operator can pass (see FIGS. 16 and 17).
The internal space 5 s of the cutter drum 5 is partitioned by a plurality of partition walls (see partition walls 5 m and 5 n in FIG. 8) at circumferential positions corresponding to the plurality of connection members 6, and each of the internal space 6 s of the connection member 6. A plurality of rooms 5r communicating with each other are formed.

  At the 12 circumferential positions corresponding to the connecting member 6, the drum inner circumferential side for the operator to enter and leave the room 5 r of the inner space 5 s of the drum inner space 5 s from the inner circumferential side wall 5 a of the cutter drum 5. An opening 5b and a drum-side door device 30 capable of opening and closing the drum inner peripheral opening 5b are provided.

  Partition walls 5m and 5n are provided in the cutter drum 5 at positions corresponding to both ends in the circumferential direction of the connecting member 6 and substantially in the radial direction parallel to the front-rear direction. Manhole covers are provided on these partition walls 5m and 5n. A manhole that can be opened and closed by 5e is formed (see FIG. 6).

  As shown in FIGS. 6, 7, and 12, the inner peripheral side wall portion 5a of the cutter drum 5 is supported by the drum-shaped wall portion 4a via the earth and sand seal 14a and the bearing 14b, and the rear portion of the inner peripheral side wall portion 5a. A drum inner peripheral opening 5b having a size that allows an operator to enter and exit is formed.

  The drum-side door device 30 includes an opening 5ba that can be opened and closed, and a fastening mechanism 32 that fastens the drum-side door 31 to the cutter drum 5 with a plurality of fixing bolts 32a in a state where the drum-side door 31 is in the closed position. The drum side door 31 is guided from the closed position where the opening 5b is fitted into the opening 5b and the opening 5b is fully closed, and the pushing position spaced from the closed position in the radial direction of the cutter drum 5. A first guide mechanism 33 and a second guide mechanism 34 that guides the drum-side door 31 across the door opening position that is separated from the pushing position to the front of the shield machine and the opening 5b is fully open. Yes.

The drum door 31 is formed in a curved shape along the inner peripheral side wall 5a.
Upper and lower flange portions 31b are formed on the outer periphery of the drum side door 31, and a water stop seal member 31c is fixed to each of the flanges 31b. When the drum-side door 31 is in the closed position, the drum door 31 is fitted into the drum inner peripheral side opening 5b, and the outer peripheral flange 31b sandwiches the water stop seal member 31c from the inside of the cutter drum 5, and the drum inner peripheral side wall portion 5a is contacted in close contact. During normal operation, the drum side door 31 is fastened to the inner peripheral side wall portion 5a via a plurality of bolts 32a.

  A substantially rectangular movable plate 36 as shown in FIG. 9 is disposed in the cutter drum 5 in parallel with the drum-side door 31. A pair of guide rollers 37a, 37b is provided. In FIG. 8, the pair of upper guide rollers 37a engage with an upper guide bar 38a extending in the front-rear direction attached to the upper partition wall 5m in the cutter drum 5 via a connecting piece. The pair of guide rollers 37b is engaged with a lower guide bar 38b extending in the front-rear direction attached to the lower partition wall 5n in the cutter drum 5 via a connecting piece. With such a configuration, the movable plate 36 can be moved back and forth across the pushing position facing the opening 5b and the door opening position where the rear end of the movable plate 36 is located in front of the front end of the opening 5b. It has become.

The movable plate 36 is provided with two pairs of upper and lower guide cylinders 33a each having a radial through hole. The drum door 31 is provided with four guide rods 33b protruding from the outer diameter side, and these guide rods 33b are respectively engaged with the four guide cylinders 33a.
In a state where the fastening of the drum side door 31 to the cutter drum 5 is released, the operation of the drum side door 31 is regulated by the guide cylinder 33a and the guide rod 33b. With such a configuration, the drum side door 31 is movable in the radial direction between the door closing position described above and the pushing position in contact with the movable plate 36 (first guide mechanism 33).

  In the pushing position, the drum side door 31 is configured to be fastened to the movable plate 36 via a plurality of bolts 36c. In a state where the drum side door 31 is fastened with the movable plate 36, the operation of the drum side door 31 is restricted by the guide roller 37 and the guide bar 38. The drum-side door 31 can be moved back and forth across the pushing position described above and the opening position where the opening 5b is fully opened (second guide mechanism 34).

Next, the structure of the interior space side will be described with reference to FIGS.
The partition structure 4 partitions the rear end of the chamber 3 and includes a drum-like wall portion 4a (see FIG. 10) that rotatably supports the inner peripheral portion of the cutter drum 5. On both the left and right side portions of the drum-like wall portion 4a, partition side openings 4b are provided for the operator to enter and leave the drum inner periphery side opening 5b from the space inside the machine. The partition wall side opening 4b is provided at the middle position in the height direction of the shield machine 1 and at the same longitudinal position as the drum inner circumferential side opening 5b. The partition wall side opening 4b has an opening area larger than that of the opening 5b, and has a circumferential length that is twice or more the circumferential length of the opening 5b when viewed from the front of the shield machine 1. Is formed. A pair of partition-side door devices 40 (see FIGS. 10 to 15) capable of opening and closing the pair of partition-side openings 4b are mounted on the left and right side portions of the drum-shaped wall 4a.

  The partition-side door device 40 includes an outer square cylinder 42 that extends in the left-right direction (horizontal direction) of the shield machine 1, and an inner square cylinder 43 that is accommodated in the outer square cylinder 42 and extends in the left-right direction of the shield machine 1. And a partition side door 41 capable of opening and closing the inner square cylinder 43, and a cylinder moving mechanism 44 for moving the inner square cylinder 43 in the left-right direction (horizontal direction) of the shield machine 1. The inner rectangular cylinder 43 is formed by the cylinder moving mechanism 44 over a first position separated from the cutter drum inner peripheral surface (the inner surface of the inner peripheral side wall portion 5a) and a second position contacting the cutter drum inner peripheral surface. It is configured to be movable.

Both ends of the outer rectangular tube 42 are formed open, and one end thereof is welded to the drum-shaped wall 4a so as to surround the partition wall side opening 4b, and the inner rectangular tube 43 is prevented from coming off at the other end. An inner collar 48 is provided for this purpose. The diameter of the inner rectangular cylinder 43 is smaller than the diameter of the partition wall side opening 4b and larger than the diameter of the opening 5b. The inner rectangular tube body 43 is formed to be open at both ends, one end (end portion 43a) thereof faces the opening 4b, and the partition side door 41 is attached to the end portion 43b opposite to the end portion 43a. . A rectangular loop packing 43p is attached to the outer edge of the end 43a.
A flange portion 46 is attached to an inner diameter side end portion (end portion 43 b) of the inner square cylindrical body 43. The inner corner cylinder 43 does not come out of the outer corner cylinder 42 by the flange 46 coming into contact with the inner collar 48 of the outer corner cylinder 42.

  The cylindrical body moving mechanism 44 includes a plurality of idle wheels 52 for rolling the inner rectangular cylinder 43 on the outer rectangular cylinder 42, a rail that regulates the operation of the idle wheels 52, and an inner side along the rail. It is comprised by the feed screw with a handle etc. which drive the square cylinder 43. FIG. A base plate 51 is fixed to the bottom plate of the inner rectangular cylinder 43. A pair of idler wheels 52 are attached to the base plate 51, and these idler wheels 52 can roll on the bottom plate 53 of the outer rectangular tubular body 42.

The support plate 53 is provided with a pair of front and rear rails extending in the left-right direction of the shield machine 1, and the idler wheel 52 is engaged with these rails. A feed screw is disposed on the surface of the bottom plate 53 opposite to the idler wheel 52. The feed screw includes a screw shaft 56 extending along the rail direction, a nut member 55, and an operation handle 57. The nut member 55 is connected to the base plate 51 through a connecting member 55a. The connecting member 55a passes through the bottom plate 53, and a long hole is formed in the bottom plate 53 to avoid interference with the connecting member 55a.
In order to facilitate the movement of the inner rectangular tube 43, low friction slide guides 45a are attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the front wall and the rear wall of the outer rectangular tube 42, and the front wall of the inner rectangular tube 43 is provided. In addition, a low friction sliding member 45b slidably contacting the slide guide 45a is attached to the upper and lower portions of the inner surface of the rear wall.

Next, the structure of the spoke side opening 60 and the spoke side door 61 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 16 to 20, in each of the twelve cutter spokes 22 to 24, a spoke side opening 60 communicating with the connecting member inner space 6 s is formed in the rear end wall 62 of the cutter spoke. A spoke-side door 61 that can open and close the side opening 60 by opening and closing operation from the connecting member inner space 6s side is provided.

  The spoke-side door 61 is in contact with the spoke-side opening 60 and the outer peripheral side portion thereof, and is in a closed position where the spoke-side opening 60 is fully closed, and forward in the cutter spokes 22 to 24 from the closed position. And the door opening position that is spaced apart from the forward pushing position in the length direction (radial direction) of the cutter spokes 22 to 24 and the spoke-side opening 60 is fully opened. The position can be switched.

  The spoke-side door 61 includes four protruding members that are disposed in the vicinity of four corners of the thin flat-plate door main body 61a located in the cutter spoke inner space 6s and the spoke-side opening 60 and are fixed to the door main body 61a. 61b. The inclined members 63 corresponding to the four protruding members 61b are fixed to the rear end walls 62 of the cutter spokes 22 to 24 from the connecting member inner space 6s side. In each of the inclined members 63, the two fixing bolts 64 provided on the inclined member 63 side are screwed and fixed to the corresponding protruding members 61b, so that the spoke-side door 61 becomes the closed position shown in FIG. A lid member 61c that closes the hand hole is fixed to the center of the door body 61a with a plurality of bolts.

  When the spoke-side opening / closing door 61 is switched from the closed position to the forward pushing position shown in FIG. 20, the fastening of the fixing bolt 64 is released, the handle 65 is grasped, and the spoke-side opening / closing door 61 is moved to the cutter spokes 22-24 side. When pushed to the forward push position.

  Four idler wheels 66 having axial centers in the front-rear direction are attached to both ends in the circumferential direction of the door body 61a. Of the inner surfaces of the pair of orthogonal wall portions 67 orthogonal to the circumferential direction of the cutter spokes 22 to 24, the spoke-side opening / closing door 61 is switched to the forward pushing position at a position separated from the rear end wall 62 by a predetermined distance. In the state, a restriction member 68 having an L-shaped cross section for restricting the eight idler wheels 66 from being separated from the rear end wall 62 by a predetermined distance or more is provided so as to extend in a predetermined radial range.

  As shown in FIGS. 16 and 20, the spoke-side door 61 is manually moved in the radial direction by a predetermined distance (e.g. If the spoke side door 61 is moved by a distance equal to or greater than the radial width of the spoke side door 61, the spoke side opening 60 is opened to the door opening position. As described above, the worker in the connecting member inner space 6s can switch the spoke door 61 from the closed position to the forward pushing position, and can switch from the forward pushing position to the open position. Moreover, the spoke side door 61 can be switched from the open position to the forward pushing position, and the forward pushing position can be switched to the closed position.

  Next, the structure of the spoke center side door 26 will be described. Within each first cutter spoke 22, a partition wall 70 and a rectangular opening 71 formed in the partition wall 70 can be shut off in a watertight manner in the vicinity of the outer diameter side end of the first narrow width portion 22a. A spoke center door 26 is provided.

  The outer periphery of the spoke central door 25 abuts against the wall around the rectangular opening 70 from the side opposite to the head central cylinder 20, and the outer periphery of the door is attached to the peripheral wall with a plurality of bolts 25a. The spoke center side door 25 is held in the closed position. A pair of upper and lower handle members 72 are fixed to the outer diameter side surface of the spoke center side door 25, and a manually operated cock 73 is attached to the center portion of the spoke center side door 25. With this cock 73, it can be confirmed whether or not muddy water has flowed into the central space 20a in the head central cylinder 20.

Next, the operation of the shield machine 1 will be described.
During tunnel excavation, the cutter drum 5 is rotationally driven by the cutter head rotational drive mechanism 7, the cutter head 2 is rotationally driven through the plurality of connecting members 6, and the shield machine 1 is driven by the thrust of the plurality of shield jacks. While moving forward, the face is excavated by the cutter bits 2a and 2b, and every time one segment of the ring is excavated, the excavation is stopped and the lining of the segment for one ring is repeated, and the tunnel is excavated. To go.

  At the time of excavation, the earth and sand excavated from the face flows into the chamber 3 through the gap between the cutter spokes 22 to 24 of the cutter head 2 and is discharged from the chamber 3 by the earth removing device 14. Since the spoke widths of the cutter spokes 22 and 23 are narrowed at the center side portion of the cutter head 2, the fluidity of the earth and sand into the chamber 3 is enhanced as will be described later.

  In addition, when exchanging the cutter bit 2a, the rotation phase of the cutter head 2 is adjusted so that the cutter spokes 22 to 24, to which the cutter bit 2a to be replaced is mounted, are in a horizontal position while excavation is stopped. Then, the drum inner peripheral side opening 5b is made to face the partition side opening 4b, and as described above, the inner corner cylindrical body 43 is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the drum by the cylindrical body moving mechanism 44. The position is switched to the second position, the partition side door 41 is opened, and the operator enters the inner rectangular tube 43.

Next, the drum-side door 31 is switched from the closed position to the open position, and the operator moves to the connecting member internal space 6s via the room 5r in the cutter drum 5, and the spoke-side door 61 is set to the open position. Switching is made to enter the space inside the cutter spokes 22 to 24, and the cutter bit 2a is exchanged in the space 2s inside the cutter spoke. When exchanging the cutter bit 2b, the spoke center side door 26 is opened from the cutter spoke inner space 2s to enter the head center cylindrical body 20, and the cutter bit 2b is exchanged.

Next, the operation and effect of the shield machine 1 described above will be described.
An operator can enter and exit the cutter drum 5 through the partition-side opening 4b and the drum inner-side opening 5b of the partition-side door device 40 from the interior space, so that the cutter-drum inner space 5s and the connecting member inner space 6s are effective. By utilizing this, it is possible to form an access passage having a simple structure capable of entering and exiting the cutter spoke internal space 2s from the internal space.

  Moreover, the drum inner peripheral opening 5b is formed in the cutter drum 5 so that the drum inner wall 4a that rotatably supports the cutter drum 5 in the partition wall structure 4 can enter and exit the drum inner peripheral opening 5b. Since the partition side door device 40 including the partition side door 41 is provided, the partition inner side opening device 5b can be partitioned from the interior space by the partition side door device 40.

  Furthermore, since it is not necessary to provide a member that protrudes greatly into the chamber 3 by slightly increasing the size of the cutter drum 5, the fluidity of the earth and sand within the chamber can be improved. Moreover, instead of the cutter head 2 having a special structure, a general integrally rotating cutter head 2 can be employed.

  The partition-side door device 40 includes an inner rectangular tube body 43 in a vertical posture having an outer peripheral side opened and having a circumferential length that is at least twice the circumferential length of the drum inner circumferential opening 5b, and a partition-side door 41. And the cylinder moving mechanism 44, it becomes easy to rotate the cutter head 2 and connect the drum inner peripheral opening 5b to the inner rectangular cylinder 43 when exchanging the cutter bit.

  Since the inner square cylinder 43 of the partition side door device 40 can be held at the first position separated from the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drum during tunnel excavation, interference between the cutter drum and the inner square cylinder can be prevented. When exchanging the cutter bit, the inner square cylinder 43 can be held at the second position in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drum, so that inflow of grease or the like into the inner square cylinder 43 can be prevented.

  Since the partition side door device 40 is provided in a pair symmetrically at both the left and right positions sandwiching the axis of the shield machine 1, the cutter head 2 is rotated to change the drum inner peripheral opening 5b when the cutter bit is replaced. Is very easy to connect to the inner square cylinder 43.

  The drum side door device 30 capable of opening and closing the drum inner side opening 5b has a drum side door 31 whose position can be switched over between the door closing position, the pushing position, and the door opening position. The portion 5b can be reduced in size, and the drum-side door 31 can be opened from the interior space side into the cutter drum 5.

  Since the fastening mechanism 32 for fastening the drum-side door 31, the first guide mechanism 33, and the second guide mechanism 34 are provided, the drum-side door 31 can be surely closed, and the closed position and the pushing position. And can be moved smoothly over the opening position.

Since the plurality of connecting members 6 are provided at a plurality of portions where the plurality of cutter spokes 22 to 24 and the cutter drum 5 intersect when viewed from the cutter head 2 side, the cutter drum inner space 5s and the connecting member inner space 6s The configuration for connecting the cutter spoke inner space 2s is simplified.
Since the plurality of drum inner peripheral openings 5b are formed in the cutter drum 5 for each room 5r so as to correspond to the plurality of connecting members 6, the drum inner peripheral openings 5b, the cutter drum inner space 5s, and the connecting member inner spaces are provided. The access path for accessing the cutter spoke inner space 2s through 6s can be shortened.

  During normal operation, the spoke side door 61 is kept closed, and when the cutter bit is replaced, the spoke side door 61 is opened by an opening / closing operation from the connecting member inner space 6s side. When muddy water enters the cutter spoke inner space 2s in the opened state, the spoke side opening 60 can be closed with the spoke side door 25, and muddy water can be prevented from entering the machine space.

Next, an example in which the above embodiment is partially changed will be described.
(1) The number and arrangement of cutter spokes provided in the cutter head and the number and arrangement of reinforcing members are not limited to those of the above-described embodiment. For example, in the case where four cutter spokes are provided in a small cutter head, the head center cylinder may be formed in a square cylinder.

(2) The equipment and devices installed inside the shield machine are only examples. For example, a muddy drainage device may be employed instead of the screw-type soil removal device.

(3) The structure of the drum side door of the drum side door device, the fastening mechanism, and the first and second moving mechanisms are merely examples, and can be implemented in variously modified forms.
(4) The structure of the partition side door device and the structure of the partition side door are merely examples, and can be implemented in variously modified forms.
(5) In addition, those skilled in the art can implement the present invention by adding various modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the present invention includes such modifications. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield machine 2 Cutter head 2a, 2b Cutter bit 2s Cutter spoke inner space 3 Chamber 4 Bulkhead structure 4a Drum-like wall part 4b Bulkhead side opening part 5 Cutter drum 5a Inner peripheral side wall part 5b Drum inner peripheral side opening part 5s In the cutter drum Space 6 Connecting member 6s Connecting member inner spaces 22, 23, 24 First to third cutter spokes 30 Drum side door mechanism 31 Drum side door 32 Fastening mechanism 32a Fixing bolt 33 First guide mechanism 34 Second guide mechanism 40 Partition side door Device 41 Bulkhead Side Door 43 Inner Square Cylinder 44 Cylinder Movement Mechanism 60 Spoke Side Opening 61 Spoke Side Opening / Closing Door

Claims (6)

In a tunnel excavator comprising a cutter head having a plurality of cutter spokes, a chamber on the rear side of the cutter head, and a partition wall structure for partitioning the rear end of the chamber, and configured so that a cutter bit can be exchanged from within the cutter spoke. ,
An annular cutter drum having a closed cross-section structure rotatably supported by the partition wall structure;
A plurality of connecting members having a closed cross-sectional structure for connecting the cutter drum to a cutter spoke;
A drum-like wall portion formed in the partition wall structure and rotatably supporting an inner peripheral portion of the cutter drum;
A drum inner peripheral opening formed on the inner peripheral side wall of the cutter drum and enabling an operator to enter and exit the cutter drum from the space inside the machine,
The drum-shaped wall is provided with a partition-side opening and a partition-side door device with a partition-side door that allows the drum inner periphery-side opening to enter and exit.
A tunnel characterized in that an operator can open and close the partition side door, pass through the partition side opening, the drum inner peripheral side opening, the cutter drum inner space, and the connecting member inner space to enter and exit the cutter spoke inner space. Digging machine. The partition-side door device is configured to be movably fitted in the partition-side opening and to be able to open and close the inner corner tube body in the vertical orientation with the outer diameter side surface open and the inner corner surface of the inner corner tube body. The partition side door, and a cylinder moving mechanism capable of switching the position of the inner rectangular cylinder in the horizontal direction through manual handle operation,
The inner square cylindrical body can be moved by the cylindrical body moving mechanism between a first position in which an outer diameter side end portion is separated from the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drum and a second position in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drum. The tunnel digging machine according to claim 1, wherein the tunnel digging machine is configured as follows.   3. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein a pair of the partition side door devices are provided symmetrically at both left and right positions sandwiching the axis of the tunnel excavator. The tunnel digging machine according to claim 2, wherein the partition side opening has a circumferential length that is at least twice as long as a circumferential length of the drum inner circumferential side opening. A drum side door device capable of opening and closing the drum inner peripheral side opening;
The drum-side door device includes a door closing position fitted into the drum inner circumferential opening, and a pushing position moved from the door closing position into the cutter drum by a predetermined distance in a direction orthogonal to the drum inner circumferential opening. 3. A tunnel excavator according to claim 1, further comprising a drum-side opening / closing door whose position can be switched over from the pushing position to the opening position slid to the front end side of the cutter drum. . A spoke side opening is formed in the rear end wall of the cutter spoke to communicate with the connecting member inner space, and a spoke side door is provided that can be opened and closed by an opening / closing operation from the connecting member inner space side.
The spoke-side door has a closed position where the spoke-side opening is closed from the space inside the cutter spoke, a forward push position moved forward from the closed position into the cutter spoke by a predetermined distance, and the forward push position. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the position can be switched over from the door opening position slid in the length direction of the cutter spoke.