JP7277311B2 - Cutter bit carry-out method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for removing a cutter bit from within a cutter drum that rotates with the cutter head in a tunnel boring machine.

In a tunnel excavator, a cutter head is rotatably supported by an excavator body via an annular cutter drum. The cutter head includes a plurality of radially aligned cutter spokes, and cutter bits are attached to the cutter spokes. Cutter bits are replaced when worn.

For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a tunnel excavator in which the same number of movable working spaces as cutter spokes are formed in a cutter drum. In this tunnel excavator, when replacing the cutter bit, first, the cutter head is rotated so that the cutter spoke to which the cutter bit to be replaced is attached is horizontal, and the movable side that communicates with the inside of the cutter spoke The work space is communicated with a stationary side work space located inside the cutter drum. In this state, the cutter bit is pulled out into the cutter spoke, and the pulled out cutter bit is conveyed to the movable side working space. After that, the cutter bit is carried out from the movable side work space to the fixed side work space.

JP 2018-141278 A

By the way, since the cutter bit is relatively heavy, there is a demand for facilitating the work of carrying out the cutter bit from the movable side work space to the fixed side work space.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for carrying out a cutter bit by which a cutter bit can be easily carried out from a movable work space to a fixed work space.

In order to solve the above-described problems, a cutter bit carrying-out method of the present invention is a method of carrying out a cutter bit from a cutter drum that rotates together with a cutter head, wherein the cutter spoke to which the cutter bit to be replaced is attached is horizontal. a movable side work space formed in the cutter drum and communicating with the inside of the cutter spokes; and a fixed side work space located inside or outside the cutter drum. a step of drawing the cutter bit into the cutter spoke; a step of conveying the cutter bit to the movable side work space; and a ceiling straddling the movable side work space and the fixed side work space. installing a rail; and suspending the cutter bit from the ceiling rail and transporting the cutter bit from the movable side working space to the fixed side working space along the ceiling rail. Characterized by

According to the above configuration, since the ceiling rail is installed across the movable side work space and the fixed side work space, the cutter bit can be easily moved from the movable side work space to the fixed side work space using the ceiling rail. can be carried out.

According to the present invention, the cutter bit can be easily carried out from the movable side work space to the fixed side work space.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel excavator in which a method for carrying out a cutter bit according to an embodiment of the present invention is executed; FIG. 2 is a front view of the tunnel excavator shown in FIG. 1; FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 3; FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main portion of FIG. 3 and shows a state in which ceiling rails are installed; FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI of FIG. 5 (the orientation of the drawing is the same as that of FIG. 1); FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII of FIG. 5;

1 and 2 show a tunnel excavator 1 in which a cutter bit carry-out method according to one embodiment of the present invention is executed. For example, tunnel excavator 1 is a shield excavator that builds segments internally. However, the present invention is also applicable to tunnel excavators other than shield machines.

Specifically, the tunnel excavator 1 includes a cutter head 3 for excavating natural ground, and an excavator main body 2 that rotatably supports the cutter head 3 via a cutter drum 5 . That is, the cutter drum 5 rotates together with the cutter head 3 .

In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel excavator 1 is circular. However, the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel excavator 1 may be other shapes such as a rectangular shape. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the traveling direction of the tunnel excavator 1 is referred to as forward, and the opposite direction is referred to as rearward.

The excavator main body 2 includes a cylindrical body 21 and a partition wall 22 closing a front opening of the body 21 . The partition 22 faces the cutter head 3 , and a cutter chamber 10 is formed between the partition 22 and the cutter head 3 .

The cutter head 3 includes a plurality of (12 in the illustrated example) cutter spokes 31 arranged radially. That is, each cutter spoke 31 extends in the radial direction of the cutter head 3 (that is, on a line passing through the center of rotation). Adjacent cutter spokes 31 are connected by reinforcing material 32 .

Each cutter spoke 31 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape. Cutter bits 4A and 4B are attached to the front and side surfaces of each cutter spoke 31, respectively.

The cutter drum 5 is annular and arranged behind the cutter head 3 . Between the cutter head 3 and the cutter drum 5 , the same number of connection posts 33 as the cutter spokes 31 are arranged, and each cutter spoke 31 is connected to the cutter drum 5 by the corresponding connection posts 33 .

The cutter drum 5 is provided so as to divide the partition wall 22 into a ring-shaped outer partition wall 22a and a disk-shaped inner partition wall 22b. An outer peripheral wall 23 facing the outer peripheral surface of the cutter drum 5 extends from the inner peripheral edge of the outer partition wall 22a, and the space therebetween is sealed with a plurality of sediment seals. Similarly, an inner peripheral wall 24 extends from the outer peripheral edge of the inner partition wall 22b so as to face the inner peripheral surface of the cutter drum 5, and the space therebetween is sealed with a plurality of sediment seals.

Also, the central portion of the cutter head 3 is connected to the central portion of the inner partition wall 22b by a rotary joint 34. As shown in FIG. The rotary joint 34 is hollow, and a pipe or the like can be routed inside.

The cutter spokes 31, the connecting posts 33, and the cutter drum 5 are all hollow and configured so that workers can work inside them. In this embodiment, the inside of the inner peripheral wall 24 is the fixed side working space 20, and an operator can enter the inside of the cutter spokes 31 from the fixed side working space 20 through the inside of the cutter drum 5 and the inside of the connection column 33. is. However, the fixed side work space 20 may be outside the outer peripheral wall 23 .

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 , the inner peripheral wall 24 is provided with longitudinally long openings 25 on both left and right sides from the center of rotation of the cutter drum 5 . Each opening 25 is covered with an enclosure 61 together with a part of the fixed side work space 20, and the enclosure 61 is provided with a door 62. - 特許庁

Movable side working spaces 50 are formed in the cutter drum 5 in the same number as the cutter spokes 31 . The movable side work space 50 is formed at a position where the cutter spokes 31 and the cutter drum 5 intersect when viewed from the front-rear direction.

Inside the cutter drum 5 , each movable working space 50 is partitioned by a pair of partition plates 56 in the circumferential direction of the cutter drum 5 . A pair of partition plates 56 are parallel to each other. When a movable working space 50 is located right beside the rotation center of the cutter drum 5, the lower partition plate 56 facing the movable working space 50 functions as a working floor.

More specifically, the cutter drum 5 includes a front wall portion 51, a rear wall portion 52, an inner wall portion 53 and an outer wall portion 54, as shown in FIG. Each partition plate 56 is joined to the front wall portion 51 , the rear wall portion 52 , the inner wall portion 53 and the outer wall portion 54 .

A plurality of reinforcing plates 55 are provided in the cutter drum 5 so as to be positioned between the movable side working spaces 50 . Each reinforcing plate 55 is also joined to the front wall portion 51 , the rear wall portion 52 , the inner wall portion 53 and the outer wall portion 54 .

A plurality of openings 5 b are provided in the inner wall portion 53 at positions corresponding to the movable side work space 50 . The position of the opening 5 b in the front-rear direction is toward the rear of the inner wall portion 53 so that the opening 5 b matches the opening 25 provided in the inner peripheral wall 24 .

Although illustration is omitted, a door is attached to the inner wall portion 53 to close each opening 5b. The door can be slid forward from a position that closes the opening 5b, and can be operated by an operator through an opening 25 provided in the inner peripheral wall 24. As shown in FIG. By sliding the door forward, the opening 5b is opened and the movable side work space 50 communicates with the fixed side work space 20. As shown in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in front of the openings 25 and 5b, the space between the inner peripheral wall 24 and the inner wall portion 53 of the cutter drum 5 is sealed by a plurality of (two in the illustrated example) earth and sand seals 11. . Two bearings 12 are arranged behind the sediment seal 11 . 6, the outer partition wall 22a and the outer peripheral wall 23 are omitted.

Returning to FIG. 3 , a front wall portion 51 of the cutter drum 5 is provided with a plurality of openings 5 a at positions corresponding to the movable working space 50 . Each opening 5a, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, communicates the corresponding movable-side working space 50 with the inside of the connecting column 33. As shown in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 , each cutter spoke 31 includes a front wall 91 and a rear wall 93 facing each other in the front-rear direction, and a pair of side walls 92 facing each other in the circumferential direction of the cutter head 3 . The front wall 91 constitutes the front face mentioned above and the side wall 92 constitutes the side faces mentioned above.

The rear wall 93 is provided with an opening 94 that allows the inside of the connecting post 33 and the inside of the cutter spoke 31 to communicate with each other.

Each of the cutter bits 4</b>A described above is attached to the front wall 91 so as to be pulled out within the cutter spoke 31 . More specifically, the front wall 91 is provided with the holding tube 41 so as to pass through the front wall 91 . The cutter bit 4A is fixed to the holding tube 41 by a fixing plate 42 while being inserted into the holding tube 41. As shown in FIG. In other words, the cutter bit 4A can be pulled out into the cutter spoke 31 by removing the fixing plate 42 .

In this embodiment, a pair of rails 8 extending along the extending direction of the cutter spokes 31 are provided on the inner surface of each side wall 92 . Each rail 8 has an L-shaped cross section, and a work vehicle (not shown) can be engaged (placed) across the rail 8 of the side wall 92 located on the upper side. However, only one rail having an I-shaped cross section may be provided on the inner surface of each side wall 92 .

Next, a method for carrying out the cutter bit 4A from inside the cutter drum 5 will be described.

First, the cutter head 3 is rotated so that the cutter spoke 31 (hereinafter referred to as the specific cutter spoke 31) to which the cutter bit 4A to be replaced is attached is horizontal. That is, the movable working space 50 communicating with the inside of the specific cutter spoke 31 is positioned right beside the center of rotation of the cutter drum 5 .

Next, the worker opens the door 62 to enter the enclosure 61, slides forward the door (not shown) closing the opening 5b, and opens the opening 25. As shown in FIG. Thereby, the movable side work space 50 communicates with the fixed side work space 20 .

After that, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the ceiling rail 65 is installed across the fixed side work space 20 and the movable side work space 50, and the ceiling rail 65 is installed across the movable side work space 50 and the inside of the connecting column 30. A ceiling rail 72 is installed. Either the ceiling rail 65 or the ceiling rail 72 may be installed first.

In this embodiment, the ceiling rails 65 and 72 have an I-shaped cross section. The ceiling rail 65 extends in the width direction (horizontal direction) of the tunnel excavator 1 through the openings 25 and 5b, and the ceiling rail 72 extends in the longitudinal direction through the opening 5a.

In this embodiment, the ceiling rail 65 is a cantilever that is supported in the fixed-side work space 20 and has a free end in the movable-side work space 50 . That is, two support columns 64 are provided at the end of the ceiling rail 65 on the fixed side work space 20 side. On the other hand, a pair of left and right frames 63 extending in the front-rear direction are provided inside the enclosure 61 described above. The struts 64 described above are fixed to the frame 63 by bolts and nuts (not shown).

If the ceiling rail 65 is also supported in the movable work space 50 , the ceiling rail 65 may tilt depending on the rotation position of the cutter drum 5 . On the other hand, if the ceiling rail 65 is a cantilever supported in the fixed side work space 20, the ceiling rail 65 can be installed horizontally regardless of the rotation position of the cutter drum 5.

Further, in the present embodiment, the ceiling rail 72 is a cantilever supported within the connecting column 33 and having a free end in the movable work space 50 . That is, two brackets 71 are provided in the connecting column 33, and the ceiling rail 72 is fixed to these brackets 71 by bolts and nuts (not shown).

After the ceiling rails 65 and 72 are installed, a worker enters the inside of the specific cutter spoke 31 from the fixed-side work space 20 through the movable-side work space 50 and the interior of the connection pillar 33, and cuts the side wall 92 located above. The rail 8 is engaged with the work carriage. After that, the cutter bit 4A is pulled out into the specific cutter spoke 31 while using the work cart.

The pulled-out cutter bit 4A is transported along the rail 8 to a position in front of the connecting post 33 using the above-mentioned work truck, and drawn into the connecting post 33 through the opening 94 .

After that, the cutter bit 4A is suspended from the ceiling rail 72 using a traveling chain block (not shown), and the cutter bit 4A is conveyed from the connecting column 33 to the movable side work space 50 along the ceiling rail 72.

Further, the cutter bit 4A is suspended from the ceiling rail 65 using a traveling chain block (not shown), and the cutter bit 4A is conveyed from the movable side work space 50 to the fixed side work space 20 along the ceiling rail 65.

Alternatively, the ceiling rail 72 may be installed first, then the cutter bit 4A may be pulled out and transported to the movable side working space 50, and then the ceiling rail 65 may be installed.

As described above, in the cutter bit carry-out method of the present embodiment, the ceiling rail 65 is installed across the movable side work space 50 and the fixed side work space 20, so that the cutter bit is carried out using the ceiling rail 65. 4A can be easily carried out from the movable side work space 50 to the fixed side work space 20. - 特許庁

(Modification)
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications are possible without departing from the gist of the present invention.

For example, only the ceiling rail 65 that spans the fixed-side work space 20 and the movable-side work space 50 may be installed without installing the ceiling rail 72 that spans the movable-side work space 50 and the inside of the connecting column 30 . However, if the ceiling rail 72 is installed across the inside of the connecting column 33 and the movable side working space 50 as in the present embodiment, the cutter bit 4A can be moved from the inside of the specific cutter spoke 31 through the inside of the connecting column 33. The work of conveying to the side work space 50 can also be facilitated.

Also, the rail 8 may not be provided in each cutter spoke 31 . However, if at least one rail 8 is provided on the inner surface of each side wall 92 of each cutter spoke 31 as in the above-described embodiment, the operation of conveying the cutter bit 4A within the specific cutter spoke 31 (horizontal cutter spoke) can also be facilitated. Moreover, since the rails 8 are provided on both side walls 92, one of the rails 8 can be used as the ceiling rail regardless of whether the direction of the specific cutter spokes 31 is rightward or leftward from the rotation center of the cutter head 3.

(summary)
A cutter bit carrying-out method of the present invention is a method of carrying out a cutter bit from a cutter drum that rotates together with a cutter head, wherein the cutter head is rotated so that the cutter spokes to which the cutter bit to be replaced is attached are horizontal. connecting a movable working space formed in the cutter drum and communicating with the inside of the cutter spokes to a stationary working space positioned inside or outside the cutter drum; and a step of pulling out the bit into the cutter spoke; a step of conveying the cutter bit to the movable side work space; a step of installing a ceiling rail across the movable side work space and the fixed side work space; suspending the cutter bit from a ceiling rail and transporting the cutter bit along the ceiling rail from the movable working space to the fixed working space.

According to the above configuration, since the ceiling rail is installed across the movable side work space and the fixed side work space, the cutter bit can be easily moved from the movable side work space to the fixed side work space using the ceiling rail. can be carried out.

The ceiling rail may be a cantilever that is supported in the fixed-side work space and has a free end in the movable-side work space. If the ceiling rail is also supported in the movable work space, the ceiling rail may tilt depending on the rotation position of the cutter drum. On the other hand, if the ceiling rail is a cantilever supported in the fixed side work space, the ceiling rail can be installed horizontally regardless of the rotating position of the cutter drum.

The cutter drum is connected to the cutter spokes via a hollow connecting column, and when the ceiling rail is installed across the movable side work space and the fixed side work space, another ceiling rail may be installed across the interior of the connecting column and the movable side work space. According to this configuration, the work of conveying the cutter bit from the inside of the cutter spoke through the inside of the connection column to the movable side work space can be facilitated.

The cutter spokes may include a pair of side walls facing each other in the circumferential direction of the cutter head, and rails extending along the extending direction of the cutter spokes may be provided on the inner surfaces of the pair of side walls. good. According to this configuration, the work of conveying the cutter bit within the cutter spoke can also be facilitated. Moreover, since the rails are provided on both side walls, one of the rails can be used as the ceiling rail regardless of whether the direction of the cutter spokes is to the right or to the left from the center of rotation of the cutter head.

Reference Signs List 1 tunnel excavator 20 fixed side work space 3 cutter head 31 cutter spoke 33 connecting post 4A, 4B cutter bit 5 cutter drum 50 movable side work space 65, 72 ceiling rail 8 rail 92 side wall

Claims (4)

A method for carrying out a cutter bit from a cutter drum that rotates together with a cutter head,
rotating the cutter head so that the cutter spokes to which the cutter bits to be replaced are attached are horizontal;
a step of communicating between a movable working space formed in the cutter drum and communicating with the interior of the cutter spokes and a stationary working space positioned inside or outside the cutter drum;
withdrawing the cutter bit into the cutter spoke;
a step of conveying the cutter bit to the movable side work space;
installing a ceiling rail across the movable side work space and the fixed side work space;
a step of suspending the cutter bit from the ceiling rail and transporting the cutter bit along the ceiling rail from the movable side work space to the fixed side work space;
A method for carrying out a cutter bit, comprising:
2. The cutter bit unloading method according to claim 1, wherein the ceiling rail is a cantilever beam supported in the fixed side work space and having a free end in the movable side work space. The cutter drum is connected to the cutter spokes via a hollow connecting post,
When installing the ceiling rail straddling the movable-side work space and the fixed-side work space, another ceiling rail is installed straddling the inside of the connecting column and the movable-side work space. 3. The cutter bit carry-out method according to 1 or 2. the cutter spokes include a pair of side walls facing each other in the circumferential direction of the cutter head;
The cutter bit carrying-out method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a rail extending along the extending direction of the cutter spoke is provided on each inner side surface of the pair of side walls.

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