JP2003336485A - Shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shield machine safely and easily replacing a cutter bit from inside a shield machine. <P>SOLUTION: This shield machine is provided with a shield body 1, a cutter head 3 provided in front of the shield body 1 and having cutter spokes 3A1, 3A2, 2A3, 3B1, 3B2, and 3B3 and face plates 3C1, 3C2, and 3C3, a cutter bit body 19 provided in the cutter spokes 3A1, 3A2, 2A3, 3B1, and 3B2 and having a bit reversal member 20 reversing between a working face side and the side of a partition wall 2, soil uptake slits 22a, 22b, and 22c provided between the cutter spokes 3A1, 3A2, 2A3, 3B1, 3B2, and 3B3 and the face plates 3C1, 3C2, and 3C3, closing plates 34a, 34b, and 34c and jacks 35a, 35b, and 37 covering and sealing the slits 22a, 22b, and 22c, and a sealing material 38 and a jack 39 sealing a clearance between the cutter head 3 and the shield body 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield machine capable of exchanging a cutter bit provided on a cutter head from the inside of the machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A shield machine forms a tunnel in a predetermined underground section from a starting shaft to a reaching shaft, and usually has a cutter head provided in front of a shield body and having a plurality of cutter bits. , A plurality of shield jacks that give propulsive force to the shield body in the excavation direction, and an erector that assembles a segment ring that is provided in the rear of the shield body and constructs an inner wall of the tunnel.

Then, the plurality of shield jacks are stretched by being stretched on the segment ring, so that the rotating cutter head is pressed against the front face to excavate the shield main body forward. At this time, the shield jack extends to propel the shield body and then shortens it, thereby incorporating a new segment by the erector in the space created between the shield segment and the existing segment ring. By repeating this operation,
The shield machine excavates in the ground along a predetermined route from the starting shaft to the reaching shaft.

Here, in such a shield machine, since the cutter bit wears as the above-mentioned excavation work progresses, the excavation distance is limited, and it is difficult to excavate a long distance as it is. Need to be replaced. As a method of exchanging this cutter bit, a shaft is formed on the excavation path and the cutter bit of the shield machine reaching this shaft is exchanged from the inside of the shaft, or a chemical solution is injected into the face to stabilize the ground. After the improvement, the face was cut in front of the cutter head by hand to form a space, and a person exchanged the bit from this space. However, it has been strongly desired to replace the cutter bit from inside the shield machine because of the installation location of the shaft, cost problems, and safety of work.

[0005] For example, a utility model is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2550406 as a countermeasure. This conventional technique includes a partition wall (movable bulkhead) that can move forward and backward with respect to the cutter head (cutter face plate), and a cutter bit that can be reversed between the face of the face and the shield body (shield frame) side.

[0006]

According to this prior art, by moving the partition wall and bringing it into contact with the rear portion of the cutas pork, the cutter bit is turned over to the shield body side so that the inside of the shield body (the cutter chamber ) You can change the cutter bit.

However, in this structure, even if the partition wall is pressed against the rear part of the cutas pork to create a space for exchanging the cutter bit in the cutter chamber, water flows from the face of the face through the gap between the cutter head and the shield body.・ It is extremely difficult to replace the bit from the side of the cutter room when it is full.

Further, when the partition wall is moved to the cutter head side, even if the outer circumference side of the partition wall and the inner circumference side of the shield body are sufficiently sealed, pressure (water pressure) control in the cutter chamber is prevented in order to prevent collapse of the face. Management is extremely complex and difficult. Further, when foreign matter is present in the cutter chamber, the partition wall cannot be moved and the cutter bit cannot be replaced.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a shield machine in which the cutter bit can be replaced safely and easily from the inside of the shield machine.

[0010]

(1) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a shield machine for excavating a tunnel, and a shield main body and a plurality of cutters provided in front of the shield main body. A cutter head having a spoke and a face plate, a cutter bit having a mechanism capable of reversing between the cutting face side and the partition side, which is provided on the plurality of Kattus pork, and provided between the Kattus pork and the face plate. A plurality of slits for taking in sediment, a plurality of slit sealing means for covering and sealing the plurality of slits, and a shield sealing means for sealing a gap between the cutter head and the shield body are provided.

During the excavation work of the shield excavator,
The earth and sand excavated from the face by the cutter bit is introduced between the cutter head and the shield body (so-called excavation chamber) through the slit provided in the face plate. The excavated earth and sand are stirred and then discharged by the discharging means in the form of mud or muddy water.

In the present invention, when exchanging the cutter bit, for example, after excavating the excavated earth and sand in the excavation chamber,
By sealing the slit of the face plate with the slit sealing means and sealing the gap between the cutter head and the shield body with the shield sealing means, the excavation chamber is isolated from the ground such as an external face, earth and sand, It can be a safe work area where water does not flow. As a result, by reversing the cutter bit provided on the cutas pork to the partition wall side, the cutter bit can be replaced safely and easily from the excavation chamber.

(2) In the above item (1), preferably,
The slit sealing means for sealing the slit located at the lower part of the cutter head comprises a closing plate for closing the slit and a jack for slidingly driving the closing plate in the surface direction of the cutter head.

Usually, an agitator, a soil discharge port, etc. are provided in the lower part of the partition wall, and it is considered that the space for newly installing the device cannot be taken sufficiently.

In the present invention, a closing plate for sealing the slit located under the cutter head and a jack for driving the closing plate are provided, for example, on the cutter head side to form slit sealing means, and the closing plate is used for the cutter. The slit is sealed by sliding in the surface direction of the head. By disposing the slit sealing means on the cutter head side in this manner, it is possible to reliably seal the slits located under the cutter head, which cannot have a sufficient installation space on the partition side. it can. As a result, the inside of the excavation chamber can be reliably isolated from the outside.

(3) In the above (1) or (2), and preferably, the shield sealing means is a cylindrical seal member provided in a shield hood, and the seal member is provided in front of the shield machine. It consists of a jack driven to the side.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of a shield machine according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing an overall structure of an embodiment of a shield machine of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side in a II-II cross section in FIG. 1 showing an entire structure of an embodiment of a shield machine of the present invention. FIG.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a shield body, and the shield body 1 has a front side in the excavation direction (a front side in the plane of FIG. 1) in order to enable center folding (details will be described later). The front body 1A located on the left side in FIG. 2 and the rear body 1B adjacent to the rear side of the front body 1A are foldably connected to each other. Reference numeral 2 denotes a partition wall, which is provided so as to further divide the front body 1A into a hood portion 1Aa and a garter portion 1Ab, and isolates the inside of the front body 1A from muddy water in an excavation chamber P (described later). . A cutter head 3 is provided on the front side of the front body 1A in the excavation direction and excavates a face of the natural ground and takes it into the excavation chamber P. Reference numeral 4 denotes a cutter driving device (for example, an electric motor or a hydraulic motor) that rotationally drives the cutter head 3, and is attached to the partition wall 2. Further, 5 is a rotation transmission mechanism that transmits the driving force from the cutter driving device 4 to the cutter head 3 via a plurality of support members 6, and 7 is the front body 1.
A water supply pipe for injecting water into the excavated soil taken into the excavation chamber P formed between A and the cutter head 3, and 8 is an excavation in which a state of muddy water is obtained by injecting water into the excavation chamber P. A sludge pipe 9 for sucking in the sand and for transporting it to the rear side of the rear body 1B in the direction of excavation (the rear side of the paper surface in FIG. 1, the right side in FIG. 2) and 9 is provided in the rear body 1B and a tunnel (not shown). The erector device 10 for sequentially assembling the segment rings S lining the inner wall surface of (10) rotatably supports the cutter head 3 with respect to the partition wall 2 and supplies the cutter head 3 with the pressure oil and the mud making material. It is a center joint for.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a center bending mechanism which is provided between the front body 1A and the rear body 1B and which slidably connects them to each other. The center folding mechanism 11 is provided at the front body side end of the rear body 1B and has a side surface having a predetermined curvature.
And the sliding portion 11a provided on the rear body side end of the front body 1A.
It is constituted by a substantially ring-shaped seal member 11b that slidably contacts with the sliding portion 11a and seals between the front body 1A and the rear body side end portion to prevent intrusion of earth and sand and groundwater. Further, 12 is a ring girder provided on the forefront part of the rear body 1B (specifically, the inner peripheral side of the sliding part 11a), and this ring girder 12 has a plurality (e.g., eight) in the circumferential direction thereof. A center folding jack bracket 13 is provided. Further, 14 is the above-mentioned middle-folded jack bracket 13 on the inner peripheral surface of the front body 1A.
And a plurality of middle folding jack brackets 13 and 14 (for example, 8
This is connected by a center folding jack (front body propulsion jack) 15. As the center folding jack 15 expands and contracts, the front body 1A moves from the rear body 1 via the center folding mechanism 11.
B can be moved back and forth, or the front body 1A and the rear body 1B can be bent to change the direction of excavation.

Numeral 16 is a shield jack which is attached to a plurality of locations (for example, 10 locations) in the circumferential direction of the ring girder 12 via shield jack brackets 17, respectively. These shield jacks 16 are annularly arranged at equal intervals, and when they extend, the spreader 18 connected to the rear side in the excavation direction is stretched against the existing segment ring S and the pressing reaction force thereof is applied to the ring girder 12. The center-breaking jack 15, the center-breaking jack bracket 14, the garter part 1Ab, the partition wall 2, the rotation transmission mechanism 5, and the support member 6 are applied to the cutter head 3 as a pressing force to the front face. There is.

The cutter head 3 is provided on its front surface with three Kattus pork 3A1, 3A2, 3A3 radially outward from the center joint 10 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The three Katta pork 3B1, 3B2, 3B3 are provided radially outward from the substantially central portion in the radial direction at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. These Katta pork 3A1, 3A2
3A3 and Kattaspoke 3B1, 3B2, 3B3
They are arranged alternately every 60 degrees in the circumferential direction. The front surface of the cutter head 3 is the cutass pork 3A1, 3
It is divided into three parts by A2 and 3A3, and the substantially fan-shaped face plates 3C1 and 3C2 are connected to these three parts so as to connect the respective cutas pork 3A1, 3A2 and 3A3.
3C3 is provided. At this time, the cut-and-spokes 3B1, 3B2, 3B3 are the face plates 3C1, 3C.
Located on the axis of symmetry of 2, 3C3, that is, said Kattus pork 3A1, 3A2, 3A3, 3B1, 3B2, 3
B3 and the face plates 3C1, 3C2, 3C3 form the front surface of the cutter head 3.

The Cattus pork 3A1, 3A2, 3A
On the front side of 3,3B1, 3B2, 3B3 (the front side of the paper surface in FIG. 1, the left side in FIG. 2), a plurality of cutter bit main bodies 19 are provided at the substantially central portion in the lateral direction from the radially inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side. A bit reversing member 20 (see FIG. 3 to be described later) is used to detachably attach the same with bolts or the like, and a plurality of tool bits 21 are provided at both ends in the lateral direction from the radially inner side to the outer side. ing. It should be noted that only the tool bit 21 is provided for the Kattus pork 3B3 (details will be described later).

The face plates 3C1, 3C2, 3C3 and the cutass pork 3A1, 3A2, 3A3, 3B1, 3B
Slit 22 for taking in sediment between 2 and 3B3
Are provided respectively. The slits 22 are formed on the inner circumference side in the radial direction by the cutlet pork 3A1, 3A2.
The slits 22a, 22a are arranged at three locations in the circumferential direction so as to sandwich each of the 3A3, and the Kattus pork 3A1, 3A2, 3A3, 3 on the radially outer side.
B1 and 3B2 are sandwiched between each pair in the circumferential direction 5
It is composed of slits 22b, 22b provided at certain positions and a pair of slits 22c, 22c provided so as to sandwich the Kattus pork 3B3 on the radially outer side. Through the slits 22a, 22b and 22c, the cutter bit body 19 and the tool bit 2
The earth and sand excavated by No. 1 is taken into the excavation chamber P. The cutlet pork 3A1,
The slits 22a arranged on both sides of 3A2 and 3A3
The slit 22b and the slit 22b are separated from each other by the support member 6 connected to the inner peripheral surface 3a of the cutter head 3 near the substantially central portion in the radial direction (see FIG. 1). Further, this support member 6 is made up of the above-mentioned Katta pork 3A1, 3A2, 3
It is arranged at a circumferential position where it does not interfere with A3, 3B1, 3B2, and does not affect the replacement work of the cutter bit body 19 described later.

In the upper and lower parts of the excavation chamber P, the tip ends of the water supply pipe 7 and the sludge discharge pipe 8 project from the inside of the shield body 1 through the partition wall 2, and the respective tip portions are The water supply port 7a and the suction port 8a are provided so as to be open. Further, the rear end side of the water supply pipe 7 and the sludge discharge pipe 8 are
The rear body 1B extends further rearward (that is, outside the shield machine), and the rear end of the water supply pipe 7 is connected to a water supply pump (not shown) provided at a predetermined position and the rear end of the mud discharge pipe 8. Is connected to a sludge pump (not shown) provided at a predetermined location. That is, water is poured into the excavated earth and sand stirred in the excavation chamber P through the water supply pipe 7 and the water supply port 7a by the discharge force of the water supply pump to make a muddy water state, and is conveyed to the opposite side to the digging direction by the drainage pump. It is supposed to do.
The muddy water to be conveyed is finally subjected to a predetermined treatment (adjusting the muddy water state) in a muddy water treatment facility (not shown) provided outside the tunnel pit, and then shielded again via the water feed pipe 7 by the water feed pump. It is sent into the excavator and is returned to the inside of the excavation chamber P from the water supply port 7a at the tip. Reference numeral 23 is a bypass pipe provided with a bypass valve 23a. For example, before starting excavation, when it is not necessary to feed water into the excavation chamber P, the bypass pipe 23 guides the water from the water feed pump through the water feed pipe 7. Water supply port 7a
Before it is supplied to the inside of the excavation chamber P, it is bypassed to the mud pipe 8 and is recirculated in the shield body 1.

Further, 24 is a plurality of tail packings 24a.
Is a tail seal portion provided at the rear end portion of the rear body 1B, and the tail seal portion 24 seals between the rear end portion of the rear body 1B and the segment ring S,
Water and earth and sand are prevented from entering the shield body 1 from outside the shield machine.

The erector device 9 has a plurality of guide rollers (rotatingly driven by a turning motor (not shown) mounted on the inner surface of the rear body 1B toward the center in the radial direction and mounted on the rear body 1B. (Not shown), an erector ring 25 that is supported by the guide rollers from the outer circumference and rotates by rolling on a rotating guide roller, and left and right (FIG. 1) protruding rearward from the erector ring 25.
A pair of erector arms 26, 26, and a pair of pressing jacks 27, 27 provided on these erector arms 26, 26 slid in the radial direction of the erector ring 25. Beam 28
And a pair of left and right guide rods 29, 29 provided on the suspension beam 28 and penetrating the erector arms 26, 26, respectively, and supported by the suspension beam 28 via a slider guide (not shown). A slider 30 and a front and rear sliding jack 31 mounted on the suspension beam 28,
The slider 30 is provided with a segment grip portion 32 which is slidable in the axial direction of the elector ring 25 (a direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 1 and a horizontal direction in FIG. 2) by a front and rear sliding jack 31.

With the above-mentioned structure, the elector device 9 is adapted to lift the segments s constituting the divided pieces of the segment ring S one by one and convey them to a predetermined assembly position. Then, the segment s thus conveyed to the predetermined assembly position is sequentially bolted to the existing segment ring S adjacent in the axial direction and the existing segment s adjacent in the circumferential direction to assemble a new segment ring S. ing.

Reference numeral 33 denotes a known copy cutter provided at, for example, two positions in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral portion of the cutter head 3, and when the curved portion of the tunnel is constructed, the copy cutter 33 is placed outside the cutter head 3. A passage through which the shield machine passes is secured by projecting from the diameter and excavating the ground on the inner side surface of the curve with a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the shield body 1 for a predetermined distance.

In the shield machine having the basic structure as described above, the greatest feature of the present embodiment is that the excavation chamber P is isolated from the outside of the shield body, so that the cutter bit 3b can be replaced from inside the excavation chamber P. That's what I did. The details will be described below.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, 34 is a closing plate, which is a closing plate 34a for sealing the slit 22a provided on the radially inner side of the slit 22 and a radially outer side. And a closing plate 34b for sealing the slit 22b. These closing plates 34a, 34b
Respectively have areas slightly larger than the opening areas of the slits 22a and 22b, and the edges on the side contacting the inner peripheral surface 3a of the cutter head have packings 34a1 and 34b1 (FIG. 1)).
Further, these closing plates 34a, 34b are in the front-rear direction (the direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 1, the left-right direction in FIG. 2) by a plurality of jacks 35a, 35b fixed to the partition wall 2, respectively.
Is a pressing type closing plate that is driven by the above-mentioned packing 34a by being pressed against the inner peripheral surface 3a of the cutter head.
1, 34b1 abut the inner peripheral surface 3a, whereby the slits 22a, 22b are sealed.
Incidentally, when the shield machine is excavated, the jacks 35a,
35b is shortened and the closing plates 34a, 34b are held in a state of being close to the partition wall 2 side (a state shown by a solid line in FIG. 2).

By the way, below the partition wall 2 is an agitator 3.
6, the suction port 8a, etc. are provided, and the closing plate 34a,
It is difficult to secure a space in which 34b and the jacks 35a and 35b are provided. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the closing plate and the jack for sealing the slit 22c located below the cutter head (provided on both sides of the cutas pork 3B3) are provided on the cutter head 3 side. 34
Reference numeral c is a closing plate for sealing the slit 22c. The closing plate 34c has a slightly larger area than the opening area of the slit 22c like the closing plates 34a and 34b, and a packing (not shown) is provided along the entire circumference at the front edge thereof. I have it. The closing plate 34c is a slide-type closing plate that is slid in the surface direction of the face plate 3C3 by a jack 37 provided inside the cutter head 3 (between the face plate 3C3 and the inner peripheral surface 3a). When the jack 37 extends and the closing plate 34c covers the slit 22c, the packing comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface 3C3a (see FIG. 2) of the face plate 3C3, whereby the slit 22c is sealed. With such a structure, the slit 22c can be reliably sealed even at the lower position in the circumferential direction of the shield body where the installation space cannot be sufficiently secured on the partition wall 2 side as described above. There is.
During the excavation of the shield machine, the jack 37 is shortened so that the closing plate 34c is housed in the cutter head 3 (state shown by a broken line in FIG. 1).

Reference numeral 38 is a cylindrical seal material having an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the shield hood portion 1Aa, and is made of, for example, rubber or the like. The sealing member 38 slides in the front-back direction in the hood portion 1Aa by jacks 39 fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the partition wall 2 at a plurality of circumferential positions. As a result, when the plurality of jacks 39 extend, the sealing material 38 seals the gap between the outer peripheral portion of the cutter head 2 and the outer peripheral portion of the hood portion 1Aa from the inside.

The cutlet pork 3A1, 3A2, 3A
As described above, the plurality of cutter bit main bodies 19 are attached to the 3, 3B1 and 3B2 via the bit reversing member 20. 3 and 4 are views showing the detailed structure of the bit reversing member 20, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the bit reversing member 20 taken along the line III-III in FIG. 1, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the bit reversal member 20 taken along the line IV-IV.

In FIGS. 3 and 4, reference numeral 40 denotes a bit fixing member, which is attached to the rear side (right side in FIGS. 3 and 4) of the cutter bit main body 19 by a plurality of bolts 41. Reference numeral 42 is an opening for bit exchange provided on the inner peripheral surface (rear surface) 3B1a of the cutas pork 3B1 from the radially inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side thereof, and the cutter bit main body to which the bit fixing member 40 is attached. 19 is inserted into the bit reversing member 20 provided in the Kattus pork 3B1 through the opening 42. At this time, the attachment 3B1b provided in the cutas pork 3B1 and the collar portion 4 of the bit fixing member 40.
0a are fastened with, for example, bolts (not shown), whereby the cutter bit main body 19 is cuttaspoke 3B1.
It is supposed to be fixed against.

Guide grooves 40b (see FIG. 4) are provided on both side surfaces of the bit fixing member 40, and locking grooves 19a (see FIG. 4) are provided on both side surfaces of the cutter bit body 19.
Is provided, and the bit fixing member 4 is attached to the cutter bit body 19.
When 0 is attached, the guide groove 40b and the locking groove 19a are connected. A convex portion 20a1 provided in a bit reversing member rotating portion 20a, which will be described later, engages with the guide groove 40b and slides in the groove, whereby the cutter bit main body 19 is moved to the bit reversing member 20.
It is designed to guide the sliding direction of the cutter bit main body 19 when it is stored (details will be described later). Further, at this time, the protruding portion 20a1 abuts on the locking groove 19a, so that the sliding motion of the cutter bit body 19 is stopped, and the storage position of the cutter bit body 19 in the bit reversing member 20 is determined. .

The bit reversing member 20 has a cylindrical rotating portion 20a having a through hole 20a2 for inserting the cutter bit body 19, and a shaft 20b for supporting the rotating portion 20a.
(See FIG. 4) and a handle portion 20c fixed to the shaft 20b. The rotating portion 20a is supported by a supporting member 3B1c provided in the Kattaspoke 3B1.
The shaft 20 is kept watertight with the support member 3B1c.
It is rotatably supported around b. Further, the handle portion 20c is provided with insertion holes 20c1 at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction so that an appropriate jig can be inserted.

As described above, the rotating portion 20a of the bit reversing member 20 has a structure capable of reversing to the front / rear side (in other words, face side / partition wall side) within the Kattus pork 3B1. Regarding the above-mentioned Kattus pork 3B3, when the slits 22c, 22c are sealed, the closing plates 34c, 34c on both sides thereof are pressed into the Kattus pork 3B3 from both sides (left and right sides in FIG. 1). Therefore, the bit reversing member 20 is not provided in the Kattus pork 3B3. Therefore, the tool bit 2 is included in the Kattaspoke 3B3.
Only one is provided.

In the above, the hood portion 1Aa constitutes the shield hood described in the claims. Further, the bit reversing member 20 is provided on a plurality of cutas pork and constitutes a mechanism capable of reversing between the cutting face side and the partition wall side, and the bit reversing member 20 and the cutter bit main body 19 constitute a cutter bit. Also, the closing plates 34a, 34b, 34c
And the jacks 35a, 35b, 37 constitute a plurality of slit sealing means for covering and sealing a plurality of slits, and the sealing material 38 and the jack 39 seal a gap between the cutter head and the shield body. It constitutes a shield sealing means.

Next, the operation and action of the embodiment of the shield machine of the present invention having the above structure will be described below. When exchanging the cutter bit body 19, first, in order to align the circumferential positions of the closing plates 34a and 34b with the circumferential positions of the slits 22a and 22b in a state where the shield machine is not in the state of excavation, refer to FIG. Cutter heads 3A1, 3 as shown
The cutter head 3 is aligned with the circumferential position such that B3 is vertically upward and downward with respect to the excavation direction of the shield machine. At this time, the mud in the excavation chamber P is sucked in and discharged by the mud pipe 8 as needed.

Next, the closing plates 34b arranged on the radially outer side of the partition wall 2 are pressed against the inner peripheral surface 3a of the cutter head 3 by extending the corresponding jacks 35b (FIGS. 1 and 2). (Indicated by a two-dot chain line). As a result, in the radial direction outer peripheral side of the cutter head 3, the circumferential direction 5
All of the slits 22b provided at a total of 10 locations, one pair at each location, are sealed. At the same time, the closing plate 34a disposed on the radially inner side of the partition wall 2 is provided with the corresponding jack 35
By extending a, it is pressed against the inner peripheral surface 3a of the cutter head (state shown by a chain double-dashed line in FIGS. 1 and 2). As a result, all the slits 22a, which are provided in pairs at three locations in the circumferential direction on the radially inner side of the cutter head 3 in total of six locations, are sealed.

Subsequently, the closing plates 34c arranged on both sides of the cutas pork 3B3 are slid by extending the jacks 37 to seal the slits 22c (indicated by a chain double-dashed line in FIG. 1). Thereby, the plurality of slits 22a, 22b, 22 provided in the cutter head 3 are provided.
All of c can be sealed by the closing plates 34a, 34b, 34c.

Next, the jacks 39 provided at a plurality of circumferential positions on the outer peripheral side of the partition wall are simultaneously extended, and the sealing material 38 is slid forward while making sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the hood portion 1Aa.
As a result, the outer peripheral portion of the cutter head 2 and the hood portion 1Aa
It is possible to seal the gap from the outer peripheral portion from inside.

As described above, by sealing the slit 22 on the front side of the excavation chamber P and the gap on the outer peripheral side in the circumferential direction, the excavation chamber P can be isolated from the ground such as an external face. As a result, it is possible to prevent intrusion of earth and sand and water from the outside, and it is possible to make the inside of the excavation room P a work area in which a worker can safely enter and leave. In the above description, the slits 22b, 22a, 22c and the gap between the cutter head 2 and the hood portion 1Aa are sealed in this order, but the sealing order may be changed.

After being able to safely enter and leave the excavation room P in this manner, the worker enters the excavation room P,
Cuttas pork 3A1, 3A2, 3A from the excavation room P side
Cutter bit body 19 provided on 3, 3B1 and 3B2
Replacement work. The exchange procedure will be described below using the Cattus pork 3B1 as an example. From the state shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 described above, the collar portion 40a of the bit fixing member 40 and the attachment 3B1b in the Kattus spoke 3B1 are fastened via the opening 42 provided in the Kattus spoke inner peripheral surface 3B1a. Loosen the bolt (not shown). Then, the bit fixing member 40 is pulled rearward together with the cutter bit main body 19 and slid in the rotary portion through hole 20a2 rearward until the cutter bit main body 19 is locked. At this time, the bit reversing member convex portion 20a1 abuts on the cutter bit engaging groove 19a, whereby the cutter bit main body 19 is positioned at the storage position in the rotating portion 20a.

Next, the bolt 41 is loosened to remove the bit fixing member 40 from the cutter head 19. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the detailed structure of the bit reversing member 20 at this time, and FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the bit reversing member 20 taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, by removing the fixing member 40, the cutter bit body 19
Are completely housed in the rotating part 20a. Although not shown in particular, when the cutter bit main body 19 is pulled out from the rotary portion 20a, as will be described later, the cutter bit body 19 is prevented from flowing in from the outside through the through hole 20a2 of the rotary portion 20a. At this point, the through hole 20a2 is closed from the excavation chamber P side with a lid or the like.

After accommodating the cutter bit body 19 in the rotating portion 20a in this manner, an appropriate jig 43 is inserted into the insertion hole 20c1 provided in the handle portion 20c, and the jig 43 is rotated to rotate the rotating portion. 20a is rotated together with the cutter bit body 19 around the shaft 20b. FIG. 7 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing the detailed structure of the bit reversing member 20 at this time, and FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the bit reversing member 20 taken along the line VIII-VIII in FIG. 7. As shown in this FIG.
The operator turns the jig 43 in the direction A from one end to the other end of the opening 42, and then moves the jig 43 into the handle portion insertion hole 20c.
1 is pulled out, the character tool 43 is again inserted into the handle portion insertion hole 20c1 at one end side, and the opening 42 is rotated from one end to the other end. By repeating this, the cutter bit main body 19 is reversed to the excavation chamber P side, and then the cutter bit main body 19 is pulled out from the rotating portion 20a as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. As a result, the work of removing the worn cutter bit body 19 is completed. After this, the new cutter bit body 19
When installing, it is sufficient to perform the work in the reverse order of the above.

When the cutter bit main body 19 is turned over, the rotating portion 20a rotates with the cutter bit supporting member 3B1c while keeping the water stop, as described above.
Due to this reversing work, earth and sand, water, etc. do not flow into the excavation chamber P from the face side through the gap between the rotary portion 20a and the cutter bit support member 3B1c. Even after the cutter bit main body 19 is removed from the excavation chamber P side, since the lid or the like (not shown) is attached to the through hole 20a2 as described above, the earth and sand and the water do not flow in.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the cutter bits arranged in each of the cutas pork 3A1, 3A2, 3A3, 3B1, 3B2 from the inside of the excavation chamber P, which is made safe by being isolated from the outside. The body 19 can be replaced safely and easily.

In the above description, a so-called muddy water type shield excavator is used as an example, in which the excavated earth and sand are poured by a water supply means such as a water supply pipe and the mud water is discharged by a mud discharge means such as a mud pipe. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention may be applied to a so-called earth pressure type shield excavator in which the excavated soil is plasticized in the excavation chamber and discharged by the soil discharging means such as a screw conveyor. With this, the same effect as that of the present embodiment can be obtained.

[0050]

According to the present invention, the slit provided in the cutter head is sealed by the slit sealing means, and the gap between the cutter head and the shield body is sealed by the shield sealing means. The shield body can be isolated from the ground. As a result, by reversing the cutter bit provided on the cutas pork to the partition side, the cutter head can be replaced safely and easily from the inside of the shield machine.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing the overall structure of an embodiment of a shield machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1 showing the overall structure of the embodiment of the shield machine of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a transverse cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 1 showing the detailed structure of the bit reversal member that constitutes the embodiment of the shield machine of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3, showing a detailed structure of a bit reversal member that constitutes an embodiment of the shield machine of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a transverse cross-sectional view showing a state in which a cutter bit is housed in a bit reversing member that constitutes an embodiment of the shield machine of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 5, showing a state in which the cutter bit is housed in the bit reversing member that constitutes the embodiment of the shield machine of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a transverse cross-sectional view showing a state in which the cutter bit is reversed in the bit reversing member that constitutes the embodiment of the shield machine of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII in FIG. 7, showing a state in which the cutter bit is reversed in the bit reversing member that constitutes the embodiment of the shield machine of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Shield body 1Aa Hood part (shield hood) 2 Partition wall 3 Cutter head 3A1 Cutter spoke 3A2 Cutter spoke 3A3 Cutter spoke 3B1 Cutter spoke 3B2 Cutter spoke 3B3 Cutter spoke 3C1 Face plate 3C2 Face plate 3C3 Face plate 19 Cutter bit body (Cutter bit) 20 Bit flip Member (reversible mechanism; cutter bit) 22a Slit 22b Slit 22c Slit 34a Closing plate (slit sealing means) 34b Closing plate (slit sealing means) 34c Closing plate (slit sealing means) 35a Jack (slit sealing means) ) 35b Jack (slit sealing means) 37 Jack (slit sealing means) 38 Sealing material (shield sealing means) 39 Jack (shield sealing means)

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Daisaku Sakai             2-10-26 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo             Within Ta Construction Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tsuyoshi Shimizu             Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.             Ceremony Company Tsuchiura Factory (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Tsuchiya             Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.             Ceremony Company Tsuchiura Factory (72) Inventor Takeshi Yoshida             Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.             Ceremony Company Tsuchiura Factory F term (reference) 2D054 AC04 AC05 BA04 BB05 BB07                       FA08

Claims (3)

[Claims] In a shield machine for excavating a tunnel, a shield main body, a cutter head provided in front of the shield main body and having a plurality of cutas pork and a face plate, and a cut face provided on the plurality of cutas pork. Cutter bit having a reversible mechanism between the side and the partition side, a plurality of slits for soil and sand intake provided between the cutas pork and the face plate, and covers and seals the plurality of slits. A shield machine having a plurality of slit sealing means and a shield sealing means for sealing a gap between the cutter head and the shield body. 2. The shield machine according to claim 1,
The slit sealing means for sealing the slit located at the lower portion of the cutter head comprises a closing plate for closing the slit and a jack for slidingly driving the closing plate in the surface direction of the cutter head. A shield machine that does. 3. The shield machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the shield sealing means drives a cylindrical seal material provided in a shield hood and the seal material to the front side of the shield machine. A shield machine having a jack and a jack.