JP7307664B2 - Cutter bit changer for tunnel boring machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a cutter bit changing device for a tunnel boring machine including a slurry type or earth pressure type shield machine.

A tunnel boring machine used for excavating tunnels generally has a rotatable cutter head on the front of the machine body. cutter bit is installed. Cutter bits include roller bits, tooth bits, leading bits, and shell bits. The cutter head usually includes a plurality of cutter spokes radially extending from a rotating cylinder arranged at the axial center of the cutter head, a plurality of face plates arranged between the cutter spokes, and the cutter head centered at the axial center. and a ring connecting each cutter spoke and each face plate. Such a cutter head is provided with a center cutter (roller bit) at the center of the cutter head, and a plurality of inner cutters (roller bits) are arranged on the front surface of each cutter spoke so as to be rotatable around a radial axis along the radial direction. In addition, a gauge cutter (roller bit) is provided on the outer peripheral edge of the cutter spoke and the outer peripheral ring, and a plurality of tooth bits are provided on both sides of each cutter spoke. A roller bit having a roller diameter of 17 inches or 19 inches is exclusively used.

The tunnel excavator excavates the natural ground by moving forward while pressing the cutter head against the face of the natural ground and rotating it. For example, in the case of a roller bit, it rotates while revolving while being pressed against the face, and performs compression breaking excavation of the bedrock of the face.

By the way, in this type of tunnel boring machine, as the cutter head rotates, the roller bits and other cutter bits of the cutter head are worn and damaged by cutting the ground. Efficiency decreases and eventually cutting becomes difficult and worn or damaged cutter bits need to be replaced. The amount of wear of these cutter bits varies depending on the type of rock, but since they do wear out, a limit amount of wear is determined, and when this amount of wear is reached, they must be replaced.

Slurry shield machines and earth pressure shield machines are conventionally used for bedrock layers with high groundwater pressure and abundant water.

When replacing the roller bit of a slurry type shield machine, stop excavation of the shield machine, and the worker enters the manlock provided on the rear bulkhead of the cutter chamber of the machine body, which is equal to the groundwater pressure acting on the face. It is lifted to a high pressure and enters the muddy water in the cutter chamber, and by diving work, the worn and damaged roller bit attached to the cutter head is removed and a new roller bit is attached. In addition, when replacing the roller bit of the earth pressure type shield machine, excavation of the shield machine is stopped, the mud filling the face chamber is replaced with muddy water or fresh water, and the roller bit is replaced by diving work. Especially in recent years, tunnels have become large diameter, long distance, and deep, and the number of bits is also very large. On the other hand, if the water pressure acting on the face is high during such roller bit replacement work, there is a risk of diving sickness, even for workers trained in high-pressure work. be. For this reason, roller bit replacement work takes a long time and requires high costs.

Therefore, in recent years, in order to replace the cutter bits of the cutter head safely under atmospheric pressure in a short time, the front plate has a cutter bit mounting opening and the rear plate has a discharge opening. The cutter spokes extending radially from the axis and/or the outer ring extending along the outer periphery of the cutter head are formed between the cutter bit mounting opening and the soil discharge opening, and the cutter bit is formed between the cutter bit mounting opening and the cutting edge of the cutter bit mounting opening. and a cutter bit replacement work chamber defined on at least one side of the cutter bit mounting portion and communicating with the atmospheric pressure on the side of the tunnel excavator main body, the cutter bit A cutter bit exchange device is installed in the mounting part to exchange the cutter bit between the cutter bit mounting part and the cutter bit exchange work room, and the worn cutter bit can be removed and replaced with a new one in the work room under atmospheric pressure. A tunnel boring machine is provided. This type of tunnel boring machine has been proposed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 and the like.

In the tunnel excavator disclosed in Patent Document 1, a disk cutter storage chamber and a cutter exchange chamber are provided in the cutter spokes of the cutter head, and a rotor is rotatably mounted in the disk cutter storage chamber by a hydraulic jack. A disc cutter is detachably attached to the rotor, and a dirt discharge path is provided on the side of the rotating body so as to extend from the attachment opening of the disc cutter to the side of the cutter spoke.

In this tunnel excavator, the disk cutter is replaced in the following procedure.
(1) In the cutter changing room, the operator loosens a plurality of fixing bolts to unlock the rotator from the saddle so that the rotator can be rotated. Next, the hydraulic jack is extended to move the rack, and the rotating body is rotated together with the pinion meshing with the rack. When the rotating body is rotated by 180 degrees, the disk cutter facing forward in the excavation direction is turned backward in the excavation direction. In this case, a predetermined earth pressure is applied to the front of the cutter head by transporting sludge and excavated soil so that the face is stabilized, but the rotating body fits in the saddle and rotates while ensuring the sealing performance. Therefore, the transported sludge and excavated soil do not enter the cutter exchange chamber, and the safety of the operator is ensured.
(2) Then, with the disc cutter to be replaced facing backward, the gate is opened to allow communication between the disc cutter storage chamber and the cutter replacement chamber, the fixing bolt is loosened, the locking piece is removed, and the disc on the rotating body is removed. Unsupport the cutter. Here, the worker pulls out the disc cutter slightly forward, lifts the disc cutter using the transport winch, transports it from the cutter exchange room to the excavator main body through the communication passage, and connects the new disc cutter to the transport winch. and transport it to the cutter exchange room again. Then, a new disk cutter is mounted on the rotating body and the locking piece is attached with a fixing bolt.
(3) After that, the hydraulic jack is contracted to move the rack in the opposite direction, and the rotating body is rotated 180 degrees in the opposite direction together with the pinion that meshes with the rack. Then, the disc cutter is directed forward, and the rotating body is fixed to the saddle with a fixing bolt.

In the bit changing device for an excavator disclosed in Patent Document 2, a housing installed in a cutter head is provided with a bit containing passage having a bit containing portion opened to the front and a valve containing portion formed at the rear of the bit containing portion. A replacement opening is formed in the front face of the cutter head along the extension/retraction axis in the retractable direction, and is also formed in the insertion/removal axis direction at a predetermined angle from the extension/retraction axis to communicate the valve accommodating section and the work space. a rotary valve rotatable about a rotary shaft substantially orthogonal to the protruding/retracting shaft and the insertion/removal shaft is provided in the valve accommodating portion, and the rotary valve is provided with an attachment/detachment passage communicating with the bit accommodating portion. A bit case having a roller bit is detachably arranged in the attachment/detachment passage, and a bit extension/retraction mechanism is provided to move the bit case between the attachment/detachment passage and the bit accommodating portion, and rotates. The bit case can be inserted and removed between the attachment/detachment passage and the work space by rotating the valve by a predetermined angle to connect the attachment/detachment passage to the replacement opening.

In this bit exchanging device, the roller bit is exchanging in the following procedure.
(1) When replacing a worn roller bit from the drilling position where the bit case is housed in the bit housing, the cutter head is stopped at a predetermined position, and an operator enters the work space inside the main spoke member through the manhole, perform replacement work.
(2) After extracting the pair of cotter members from the cotter insertion port, the bit retraction handle is operated to rotate the retraction cam shaft, and the cam roller moves the bit case from the excavation position to the retraction position of the attachment/detachment passage. retreat.
(3) The valve rotation handle is operated to rotate the rotation valve 90° from the usage posture to the replacement posture, so that the rear opening of the attachment/detachment passage faces the replacement opening.
(4) The replacement door is opened, and using a work tool such as a jack, the reaction force support block is pulled out in the tangential axial direction from the attachment/detachment passage through the replacement opening and taken out into the work space. Next, the bit case is retracted toward the rear opening, and the cam roller is removed from the bit case and separated from the guide hole. After that, the bit case is pulled out from the attachment/detachment passage and taken out from the replacement opening into the working space.
(5) Insert the bit case with the new roller bit into the attachment/detachment passage through the replacement opening, attach the cam roller to the bit case, push it into the attachment/detachment passage, and fit the cam roller into the guide hole. At the same time, it is fitted into the cam groove of the cam shaft for extension and retraction. Then, the reaction force support block is fitted into the attachment/detachment passage from the working space through the replacement opening.
(6) After closing the replacement door, the valve rotation handle is operated to rotate the rotation valve 90° from the replacement posture to the use posture so that the front opening of the attachment/detachment passage coincides with the bit housing.
(7) The bit retraction handle is operated to rotate the retraction cam shaft, and the cam roller projects the bit case from the retracted position in the attachment/detachment passage into the bit accommodating section in the retraction axial direction to the digging position. to stop. Then, the cotter members are inserted through the cotter insertion openings and fitted between the back surface of the bit case and the reaction receiving surface of the reaction support block to fix the bit case.

JP-A-2004-92141 JP 2011-157683 A

However, in the cutter bit exchanging device of Patent Document 1, if it is applied to the outer edge of the cutter spoke or the gauge cutter of the outer ring, the roller bit will wear as the tunnel excavator advances. Since the outer diameter of the excavation hole is reduced by the roller bit, when replacing the roller bit that has reached the limit of wear, the rotating body hits the side wall of the excavation hole whose outer diameter has become smaller and rotates the roller bit. There is a problem that the roller bit cannot be replaced. In this case, if it is an inner cutter, the roller bit can be rotated by slightly retreating the tunnel boring machine and separating the roller bit from the face. There is a problem that the roller bit cannot be rotated and the roller bit cannot be replaced because it hits the side wall and the tunnel boring machine cannot be moved backward.

In addition, in the cutter bit replacement device of Patent Document 2, since the roller bit is driven forward and backward on the rotary valve, the structures of the bit forward/backward mechanism and the rotary valve drive mechanism are complicated, and when the roller bit is replaced, , pulling out the pair of left and right cotter members, retracting the roller bit with the bit retraction mechanism, attaching the cam roller to the bit case, and rotating the roller bit with the valve rotation mechanism. However, pulling out and inserting the cotter and attaching and detaching the cam rollers on both sides by hand are particularly complicated tasks. , there is a problem that at least two operators are required and a balancing operation is required.

The present invention is intended to solve such conventional problems. In this type of cutter bit changing device, a simple system (mechanism) allows an operator to change the cutter in the cutter bit changing chamber under atmospheric pressure inside the cutter head. Bit replacement can be done in a short time with few simple work and few work procedures.It can be applied to replace various cutter bits such as inner cutter, gauge cutter, tooth bit, leading bit, shell bit, long distance, high water pressure. To facilitate replacement of cutter bits even in the tunnel boring machine below.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention
The front plate of the cutter head has a cutter bit mounting opening, and the rear plate has an unloading opening. and a cutter bit replacement work chamber defined on at least one side of the cutter bit mounting portion and communicated with the atmospheric pressure on the side of the tunnel excavator main body. A cutter bit changing device for a tunnel boring machine, which is installed in the cutter bit mounting portion and exchanges the cutter bit between the cutter bit mounting portion and the cutter bit changing work chamber,
A cutter bit replacement port is formed in a cylindrical shape between the cutter bit mounting port of the front plate and the rear plate, and communicates with the cutter bit replacement work chamber on one side of one side, and is opened and closed by a lid. a box that defines the cutter bit mounting portion, and has slide guides on the surface portion and the bottom surface portion that are capable of inserting respective bearings of the movable body to be described later and that can be slidably guided toward the rear;
It is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape having an opening in the front surface, an opening in the rear surface, and a cutter bit insertion opening on one side surface facing the cutter bit exchange opening of the box. A slide cylinder that abuts on the inner surface and is slidably arranged in the box; A generally cylindrical shape having a waste discharge opening facing the opening of the front surface of the slide cylinder along a virtual circumference in the slide cylinder that protrudes forward from the opening of the front surface of the slide cylinder to a predetermined range. and a rotation guide having bearings protruding above the slide guide of the box at mutually opposing positions of the slide cylinder on the central axis of the substantially cylindrical shape, and a rear surface portion in the slide cylinder On the side thereof, there is an earth unloading tube which is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape so as to be connected to the waste discharge opening of the rotating guide and is slidably inserted into the earth unloading opening of the rear plate, and slides into the box. a movable body that can be fitted and arranged;
The movable body is formed in a substantially hollow cylindrical shape having a flat top surface and a bottom surface so that the front surface can be arranged along the opening of the front surface of the slide cylinder so as to be fitted into the rotation guide of the movable body. At the center of the top surface portion and the bottom surface portion of the substantially cylindrical shape, the rotating shaft is fitted to each of the bearings of the rotating guide, and the cutter bit is mounted on the flat surface of the front surface portion of the substantially cylindrical shape. The cutter bit is supported and fixed between the top surface portion and the bottom surface portion by the front surface portion of the substantially cylindrical shape with an opening through which the cutting edge can be protruded and the waste can be taken in, a waste discharge opening on the rear surface portion. a rotating body, each having a cutter bit support fixing portion, which is fitted and disposed in the rotating guide via the rotating shaft so as to be rotatable;
A cutter bit cutting position and a cutter bit cutting position mounted between the box and the movable body so that the cutter bit can protrude the movable body in the box from the cutter bit mounting opening to a predetermined projecting position. a movable body driving device that slides between a cutter bit replacement position behind the position where the cutter bit can be rotated toward the cutter bit replacement opening;
A rotating body drive that is arranged on the slide guide of the box and is operatively connected to the rotating shaft of the rotating body that is supported by each bearing of the movable body and that drives the rotating body at the cutter bit replacement position. a device;
a lock mechanism that locks the movable body and the rotating body at the cutter bit cutting position and the cutter bit replacement position;
with
The cutter bit is attached to the cutter bit support fixing portion of the rotating body via a cutter bit support member so that the cutting edge protrudes from the opening of the front surface of the rotating body,
When cutting a cutting surface with the cutter bit, the movable body is slid in the box to the cutter bit cutting position by the movable body driving device, the movable body is locked by the locking mechanism, and the cutter bit is cut. project from the cutter bit mounting opening to a predetermined position,
When replacing the cutter bit, the movable body is slid to the cutter bit replacement position in the box by the movable body driving device, the lock mechanism locks the movable body, and the cutter bit is replaced at the cutter bit replacement position. The rotating body is rotated by the rotating body driving device to orient the cutter bit toward the cutter bit replacement opening, and the cutter bit mounting opening is blocked by the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body so that the lock mechanism locking the rotating body and exchanging the cutter bit between the cutter bit mounting portion and the cutter bit exchange work chamber;
This is the gist of it.

Moreover, it is preferable that each part of the cutter bit exchanging device has the following configuration.
(1) The rotary guide on the front side of the slide cylinder of the movable body and the rotary body each have a substantially cylindrical shape or a substantially biconical frustoconical shape with an outwardly convex cross-sectional V-shaped outer peripheral surface.
(2) The lock mechanism is a lock hole formed through a cylindrical peripheral surface of the box in a sliding range of the movable body in the box and at a position where the movable body abuts; When the movable body in the box is at the cutter bit cutting position, a lock hole of the movable body at the cutter bit cutting position formed at a position corresponding to the lock hole of the box in the movable body, and the movable body in the box When the body is at the cutter bit replacement position, a lock hole of the movable body at the cutter bit replacement position formed at a position corresponding to the lock hole of the box of the movable body, and a lock hole of the box outside the box. a lock shaft arranged concentrically with respect to the box and insertable from the lock hole of the box into the lock hole of the movable body at the cutter bit cutting position or the lock hole of the movable body at the cutter bit replacement position; is installed concentrically or in the vicinity of the lock hole of the box on the outside of the box, and the lock shaft moves from the lock hole of the box to the lock hole of the movable body at the cutter bit cutting position or at the cutter bit replacement position A movable body locking device is provided, which includes a lock shaft driving device that advances and retreats so as to be inserted into and removed from the lock hole of the movable body.
(3) The lock mechanism includes a lock hole formed in the movable body at the cutting position of the cutter bit within the slide guide of the box, and a lock hole of the movable body in the box at the cutting position of the cutter bit. The lock hole of the rotating body at the cutter bit cutting position formed at a position corresponding to the lock hole of the movable body, and the rotating body is rotated by the rotating body driving device when the movable body in the box is at the cutter bit replacement position. a lock hole of the rotating body at the cutter bit replacement position formed at a position corresponding to the lock hole of the movable body of the rotating body at a position where the cutter bit is directed toward the cutter bit replacement opening; It is arranged concentrically with respect to the lock hole of the movable body on the guide, and is inserted through the lock hole of the movable body into the lock hole of the rotary body at the cutter bit cutting position or the lock hole of the rotary body at the cutter bit replacement position. and a lock shaft installed concentrically or in the vicinity of the lock hole of the movable body on the slide guide of the housing, and rotating the lock shaft from the lock hole of the movable body to the cutting position of the cutter bit. A rotating body locking device is provided, which includes a lock shaft driving device that moves forward and backward so as to be inserted into and removed from the lock hole of the movable body or the lock hole of the movable body at the cutter bit replacement position.
(4) The cutter bit support member consists of a support portion that rotatably or fixably supports the cutter bit, and a pair of block-shaped fixing portions formed at both ends of the support portion. a pair of grooves formed on the top surface and the bottom surface of the rotating body so that the fixing parts of the cutter bit support member can be fitted to the inner surface of the rotating body on the front side of the rotating shaft; A bolt is fastened between each fixed part of the cutter bit support member and the rotating body, and the cutter bit supporting fixing part of the rotating body is configured to be replaceable with the same type or different type of cutter bit. .
(5) Fluidity in the gap that is arranged around the cutter bit mounting opening of the front part of the rotating body and/or the front plate and that is created between the front part of the rotating body and the rotation guide due to the rotation of the rotating body. A pipe for injecting and filling a filler, and is inserted in the vicinity of the cutter bit exchange opening of the box and/or in the lid for opening and closing the cutter bit exchange opening, and between the front surface of the rotating body and the rotation guide. Also provided is a pipe for discharging the fluid filler from a gap formed therebetween and injecting and filling the fluid filler into the gap.

According to the cutter bit changing apparatus of the present invention, the cutter bit is attached to the cutter bit support fixing portion of the rotating body through the cutter bit support member so that the cutting edge protrudes from the opening in the front portion of the rotating body. When cutting a cutting surface with a cutter bit, the movable body is slid to the cutter bit cutting position in the box by the movable body driving device, the movable body is locked by the locking mechanism, and the cutter bit is inserted from the cutter bit mounting opening to the predetermined position. When replacing the cutter bit, slide the movable body in the box to the cutter bit replacement position by the movable body driving device, lock the movable body with the lock mechanism, and rotate at the cutter bit replacement position. The rotating body is rotated by the rotating body driving device to direct the cutter bit toward the cutter bit replacement opening, and the cutter bit mounting opening is blocked by the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body. Since the cutter bit is exchanged between the cutter bit mounting part and the cutter bit exchange work room, a simple method (mechanism) allows the operator to exchange the cutter bit in the cutter bit exchange room under atmospheric pressure inside the cutter head. It can be done in a short time with a few simple work procedures, and can be applied to replace various cutter bits such as inner cutters, gauge cutters, tooth bits, leading bits, and shell bits. The present invention has a special effect unique to the present invention, such as facilitating replacement of the cutter bit even in a tunnel boring machine under water pressure.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side view showing the configuration of a cutter bit changing device for a tunnel excavator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Front view showing the configuration of the same cutter bit exchanging device Partially enlarged side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the same cutter bit exchanging device Partial enlarged bottom cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the same cutter bit exchanging device Partially enlarged cross-sectional plan view showing the configuration of the same cutter bit exchanging device Partially enlarged front cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the same cutter bit exchanging device Partially enlarged side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the same cutter bit exchanging device Diagram showing the configuration of the same cutter bit changing device Partially enlarged cross-sectional plan view showing the configuration of the same cutter bit exchanging device Partially enlarged side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the same cutter bit exchanging device Partially enlarged cross-sectional plan view showing the configuration of the same cutter bit exchanging device A partially enlarged cross-sectional plan view showing a method of exchanging cutter bits by the same cutter bit exchanging device. Diagram for explaining the advantages of the cutter bit by the same cutter bit changer FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a cutter bit changing device for a tunnel excavator according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention; Partially enlarged plan cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the same cutter bit exchanging device

Next, a mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 show a tunnel boring machine. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, this tunnel excavator is a mud type shield machine M, and a cutter head M1 is rotatably provided on the front surface of the machine main body M0. , a large number of cutter bits C for cutting the natural ground (bedrock) are attached. The cutter head M1 includes a plurality of cutter spokes M11 radially extending from a rotary cylinder M10 arranged at the axial center of the cutter head M1, an outer ring M12 extending along the outer circumference of the cutter head M1, and the cutter spokes M11. A plurality of face plates (not shown) arranged between them, and a ring M13 arranged in a circumferential direction about the axis of the cutter head M1 and connecting each cutter spoke M11 and each face plate. Cutter bit mounting openings M110 and M120 are formed in the front plate M111 of each cutter spoke M11 (hereinafter simply referred to as the front plate M111), in the approximate center, in the outer peripheral end and in the middle thereof, and in the front plate 121 of the outer ring M12, respectively. Each cutter spoke M11 (cutter head M1) has a rear plate M141 (hereinafter simply referred to as a rear plate M141) with an unloading port M14 formed between the cutter bit mounting holes M110 and M120 of the front plate M111 and the rear plate M141. A cutter bit mounting portion P for various cutter bits C such as a center cutter, a gauge cutter, and an inner cutter is provided between them. A cutter bit replacement work chamber S is defined which communicates with the atmospheric pressure of the main body M0 and is always maintained at the atmospheric pressure. In some cases, the outer ring M12 is not provided. In this way, the center cutter is attached to the cutter bit attachment portion P at the approximate center of each cutter spoke M11, the gauge cutter is attached to the cutter bit attachment portion P at the outer peripheral end of each cutter spoke M11, and the cutter bit attachment portion P in the middle of the cutter spokes M11. An inner cutter is attached to the outer circumference ring M12, and a gauge cutter is attached to the cutter bit attachment portion P of the outer peripheral ring M12, with the blade edges protruding from the cutter bit attachment openings M110 and M120. A cutter bit changing device E is also installed in each of these cutter bit mounting portions P. As shown in FIG.

(Embodiment 1)
3, 4 and 5 illustrate a cutter bit changing device E1 applied to a gauge cutter attached to the cutter bit attachment portion P at the outer peripheral end of each cutter spoke M11. At the outer peripheral edge of the cutter spoke M11, the front plate M111 is provided with a cutter bit mounting hole M120 in a rectangular shape, and the rear plate M141 is provided with an unloading hole M14 facing the cutter bit mounting hole M120 of the front plate M111. It is provided in a rectangular shape.

As shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, this cutter bit changing device E1 is installed in the cutter bit mounting portion P, and between the cutter bit mounting portion P and the cutter bit changing work chamber S, the cutter bit C The box body 1 defining the cutter bit mounting portion P between the cutter bit mounting port M120 of the front plate M111 and the unloading port M14 of the rear plate M141, the slide cylinder 21, and the rotating Composed of a moving guide 22 and an earth removal tube 23, the movable body 2 is slidably fitted in the box 1 and rotatably fitted in the rotating guide 22 via a rotating shaft 312. a movable body driving device 4 attached between the box 1 and the movable body 2 and slidingly driving the movable body 2 within the box 1; It comprises a rotating body driving device 6 for driving and a lock mechanism L for locking the movable body 2 and the rotating body 3 .

The box body 1 is formed in a cylindrical shape between the cutter bit mounting port M120 of the front plate M111 and the earth removal port M14 of the rear plate M141, and a lid that communicates with the cutter bit replacement work chamber S on one side portion 103 on one side. The cutter bit exchange port 10 opened and closed at 11 is provided with slide guides 12 that can be slid rearward by inserting the bearings 222 of the movable body 2 in the top surface portion 101 and the bottom surface portion 102, respectively. 1 defines a cutter bit mounting portion P.

In this case, the box 1 has a long cross section in the front-rear direction by four rectangular side plates long in the front-rear direction forming the top surface portion 101, the bottom surface portion 102, the left and right side portions 103 and 104, and the rear surface plate M141 forming the rear surface portion 105. It is formed in a substantially rectangular prism shape. The front part 100 has a full opening that communicates with the cutter bit mounting opening M120. The soil unloading port M14 of the rear surface portion 105 includes an opening 106 formed in the center of the rear surface portion 105 in a rectangular shape elongated in the left-right direction, and a cross-sectional rectangular opening 106 extending in the direction of the front surface portion 100 surrounding the opening 106 on the inner surface of the rear surface portion 105. It consists of a shaped cylinder 107 .

The cutter bit replacement port 10 is formed as a rectangular opening through which the cutter bit C can be inserted in one of the side plates forming one side surface portion 103 . A lid 11 is detachably attached to the cutter bit exchange port 10 . The lid 11 consists of a rectangular main body 11a that can be fitted into the cutter bit replacement port 10 and a flange 11b that extends along the entire peripheral edge of the main body 11a with a step and can abut on the entire peripheral edge of the cutter bit replacement port 10. , and is fastened to one side portion 103 with a bolt (not shown). One side portion of the lid 11 may be attached to one side edge portion of the cutter bit exchange port 10 via a hinge, and the other side portion and upper and lower portions may be bolted.

Each of the slide guides 12 is formed in the shape of a substantially rectangular long hole extending from a predetermined position a little rearwardly downward from the front surface portion 100 to a predetermined position midway in the front-rear direction at the center of the top surface portion 101 and the bottom surface portion 102 in the left-right direction. be.

In this manner, the box 1 is fitted and fixed between the cutter bit mounting opening M120 at the outer peripheral edge of the front plate M111 and the earth removal opening E14 of the rear plate M141.

The movable body 2 is composed of the slide cylinder 21, the rotation guide 22, and the earth removal cylinder 23, as described above.

The slide cylinder 21 has an opening 210 on the front surface 21a, an opening 211 on the rear surface 21b, and a cutter bit insertion opening 212 on one side surface 21e facing the cutter bit replacement opening 10 of the box 1. It is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and is arranged in the box 1 so as to be slidable in contact with the inner surface of the box 1 .

In this case, the slide cylinder 21 has a top surface portion 21c, a bottom surface portion 21d, and left and right side portions 21e and 21f that can contact the inner surfaces of the top surface portion 101, the bottom surface portion 102, the left and right side portions 103 and 104 of the box 1. It is formed in a substantially rectangular tubular shape, and the length in the front-rear direction is shorter than the length in the front-rear direction of the box 1, and in this case, it is about three-fifths of the length in the front-rear direction of the box 1. Further, the opening 210 of the front face 21a is formed in a rectangular shape whose horizontal length is longer than the horizontal length of the earth removal port M14 of the box 1 . The opening 211 of the rear surface portion 21b is a rectangular shape elongated in the left-right direction, and is fully open.

The rotation guide 22 passes through both side edges of the opening 210 of the front surface 21a of the slide cylinder 21 toward the front surface 21a inside the slide cylinder 21, and a part of the arc extends from the opening 210 of the front surface 21a of the slide cylinder 21. It is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape along the imaginary circumference inside the slide cylinder 21 protruding forward in a predetermined range, and has a waste discharge opening 221 in the rear surface portion 22b facing the opening 210 of the slide cylinder 21. Bearings 222 protruding above the slide guides 12 of the box 1 are provided at mutually opposing positions of the slide cylinder 21 on the substantially cylindrical central axis.

In this case, the rotation guide 22 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape having a flat opening 210 in the front surface portion 21a of the slide cylinder 21 within about three-fourths of the front portion of the slide cylinder 21. A cylindrical bearing 222 is fitted to the front end portion of each of the slide guides 12 of the top surface portion 101 and the bottom surface portion 102 of the box 1 on the top surface portion 21c and the bottom surface portion 21d of the slide cylinder 21 through which the substantially cylindrical central axis passes. It is protruded as possible. The waste discharge opening 221 of the rear surface portion 22b is formed in a rectangular shape in the center of the rear surface portion 22b, and the length in the left-right direction is smaller than the length in the left-right direction of the earth discharge port M14 of the box 1.

Further, in this case, the outer peripheral surface of the rotation guide 22 presents a substantially biconical truncated cone shape (the shape of the outer peripheral surface of a so-called abacus ball) with a V-shaped cross section that is convex outward. In addition, the inner peripheral surface of the rotation guide 22 also exhibits a substantially biconical truncated cone shape (the shape of the outer peripheral surface of a so-called abacus ball) with an outwardly convex cross-section, and this serves as a guide surface 223 . A cutter bit insertion opening communicating with the cutter bit insertion opening 212 of the slide cylinder 21 is provided at a position facing the cutter bit insertion opening 212 of the slide cylinder 1 on one side portion 22c of the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the rotation guide 22 . 224 are formed. The corners between the outer peripheral surface of the rotating guide 22 and the top surface portion 21c of the slide cylinder 21 and the corners of the intermediate portion which is the maximum diameter of the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the rotating guide 22 are rounded ( Roundness) may be added to form a curved shape. Also, a lid may be detachably attached to the cutter bit insertion opening 224 of the rotation guide 22 .

The earth unloading cylinder 23 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape on the side of the rear surface portion 22b in the slide cylinder 21 so as to be connected to the waste discharge opening 221 of the rotation guide 22, and is slidably fitted into the earth unloading opening M14 of the rear plate M141. inserted. In this case, the rear end of the earth removal tube 23 is shaped like a square tube that is rectangular in plan view so that it can be inserted into the earth removal port M14 (cylinder 107). An intermediate portion of the earth unloading tube 23 between the end portions is formed in a substantially trapezoidal prismatic shape in plan view.

In this manner, the movable body 2 is formed and slidably fitted in the box 1 . It should be noted that a predetermined contact surface near the cutter bit mounting opening M120 on the side of the cutter bit mounting opening M120 of the front plate M111 on the mutual contact surface of the box 1 and the movable body 2, that is, on the front part 100 side of the inner surface of the box 1, is close to the cutter bit mounting opening M120. and a predetermined position adjacent to the cutter bit mounting opening M110 on the side of the front surface portion 21a of the outer surface of the movable body 2, so that the two are kept watertight on the side of the cutter bit mounting opening M110. be. In addition, on the mutual contact surface of the box 1 and the movable body 2, on the side of the unloading port M14 of the rear plate M141, that is, on the inner surface of the cylinder 107 of the unloading port M14 of the rear surface portion 105 of the box 1, on the front side A seal 8 is interposed between a predetermined position and a predetermined position on the rear end side of the outer surface of the earth unloading tube 23 of the movable body 2 to maintain watertightness between the two on the earth unloading port M14 side of the rear plate M141. be done.

The rotating body 3 has a top surface 31c and a bottom surface 31d formed on a flat surface so that the front surface 31a can be arranged along the opening 210 of the front surface 21a of the slide cylinder 21 so that it can be fitted into the rotation guide 22 of the movable body 2. At the center of the top surface portion 31c and the bottom surface portion 31d of the substantially cylindrical shape, the rotating shaft 312 is fitted to each bearing 222 of the rotating guide 22, and the rotating shaft 312 is arranged in the substantially cylindrical shape. An opening 310 through which the cutting edge of the cutter bit C can protrude and can take in waste is formed on the flat surface of the front surface 31a of the front surface 31a, a waste discharge opening 311 is formed on the rear surface 31b, and a top surface 31c is formed on the substantially cylindrical front surface 31a. and the bottom surface portion 31d.

In this case, the rotating body 3 exhibits a substantially truncated biconical shape (the shape of the outer peripheral surface of a so-called abacus ball) whose outer peripheral surface is convex outward and has a V-shaped cross section. can be mated to The front surface portion 31a is formed into a rectangular flat surface so that it can be arranged along the opening 210 of the front surface portion 21a of the slide cylinder 21 . The opening 310 of the front surface portion 31a is formed in a rectangular shape smaller than the opening 210 of the front surface portion 21a of the slide cylinder 21 on the flat surface of the front surface portion 31a. It is formed in a rectangular shape having substantially the same size as the burr discharge opening 221 of the rear surface portion 22b of the moving guide 22. As shown in FIG. The opening 310 of the front surface portion 31a and the waste discharge opening 311 of the rear surface portion 31b are communicated with each other to form a waste passage 314. As shown in FIG. The rotating shafts 312 of the top surface portion 31c and the bottom surface portion 31d are projected in a columnar shape from the center of the top surface portion 31c and the bottom surface portion 31d so as to be fitted to the bearings 222 of the slide cylinder 21 . In this manner, the rotating body 3 is fitted in the rotating guide 22 via the rotating shaft 312 so as to be rotatable. The corners between the top surface 31c and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 3 and the corners of the intermediate portion, which is the maximum diameter of the outer peripheral surface, may be rounded to form a curved surface.

Between a predetermined position near the opening 210 on the inner surface of the slide cylinder 21 of the movable body 2 on the side of the front surface 21a and a predetermined position near the opening 310 on the outer surface on the side of the front surface 31a of the rotating body 3 A seal 8 is interposed between them, and the two are kept watertight on the opening 310 side of the front face 31a. Further, a predetermined position close to the waste discharge opening 221 on the inner surface of the rear surface portion 22b of the slide cylinder 21 of the movable body 2 and a predetermined position close to the waste discharge opening 311 on the outer surface of the rear surface portion 31b of the rotating body 3. A seal 8 is interposed between them to keep them water-tight on the side of the dust discharge opening 311 of the rear surface portion 31b.

In this rotating body 3, the cutter bit support fixing portion 313 is formed between the top surface portion 31c and the bottom surface portion 31d of the substantially cylindrical front surface portion 31a. It is designed to be supported and fixed. As shown in FIG. 6, the cutter bit support member 315 includes a support portion 315a that rotatably or fixably supports the cutter bit C, and a pair of fixed blocks that are formed in rectangular block shapes on both ends of the support portion 315a. The cutter bit support/fixing part 313 has the fixing parts 315b of the cutter bit support member 315 on the inner surface on the front side of the rotating shaft 312 of the rotating body 3 at the top surface part 31c and the bottom surface part 31d of the rotating body 3. It consists of a pair of grooves 313b having a rectangular cross section formed so as to be fittable, and bolts (not shown) fastened between the fixed portions 315b of the cutter bit support member 315 and the rotating body 3. The cutter bit support fixing part 313 is configured to be replaceable with the cutter bit C of the same type or different type.

In this case, the cutter bit support member 315 is provided for each cutter bit C such as a roller bit, tooth bit, leading bit, and shell bit. The cutter bit support member 315 for the roller bit consists of a support shaft for rotatably supporting the roller bit with a support portion 315a, and cubic or rectangular parallelepiped blocks are provided as fixing portions 315b at both ends of the support shaft. The support portions 315a for the leading bit, the tooth bit, and the shell bit have a common basic configuration, and as shown in FIGS. , cubic or rectangular parallelepiped blocks are provided as fixing portions 315b at both ends of the support base.

Further, in this case, the cutter bit support fixing portion 313 is provided on the inner surface on the front side of the rotating shaft 312 of the rotating body 3 at the top surface portion 31c and the bottom surface portion 31d of the rotating body 3, and each fixing portion 315b of the cutter bit supporting member 315 is provided. That is, grooves 313b corresponding to the shape of each block are formed so that each block of cubic or rectangular parallelepiped shape can be fitted.

The fixing portions 315b of the cutter bit support member 315 supporting the cutter bit C are fitted into the grooves 313b of the cutter bit support fixing portion 313 in the front portion of the rotating body 3, and the cutter bit C is attached to the rotating body. It protrudes from the opening 310 of the 3 front surface portion 31a and is disposed in the opening 310 of the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3. As shown in FIG. The bolts pass through each fixed portion 315b of the cutter bit support member 315 and are fastened to the bottom of each groove 313b of the rotating body 3. As shown in FIG. The cutter bit support member 315 supporting each cutter bit C in this manner is fixed to the cutter bit support fixing portion 313, and each cutter bit C is attached to the opening 310 of the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3.

The movable body driving device 4 is attached between the box 1 and the movable body 2, and the cutter bit C can project the movable body 2 in the box 1 to a predetermined projecting position from the cutter bit mounting opening M120. The cutter bit C is slidably driven between a bit cutting position and a cutter bit changing position behind the cutter bit cutting position where the cutter bit C can rotate toward the cutter bit changing port 10 . In this case, a pair of slide jacks is adopted for the movable body driving device 4 . The jack body 41 of each slide jack is fixed to the inner surface of the left and right side parts 103 and 104 of the box 1 on the rear end side via the fixing metal fitting 43, and the operating rod extended from the jack body 41 by a predetermined stroke length. The tip of 42 is fixed to the inner surface of the left and right side portions 21 e and 21 f of the slide cylinder 21 via a fixing metal fitting 43 . From the state in which the front face portion 21a of the movable body 2 is advanced to the cutter bit mounting opening M120 of the front plate M111 in the box body 1, the operating rod 42 is driven by the jack body 41 to contract by a predetermined stroke length, thereby moving the box. The front part 21a of the movable body 2 in the body 1 slides from the cutter bit mounting opening M120 to a predetermined position behind the cutter bit mounting opening M120 by sliding the slide cylinder 21 in the box 1, that is, the front part of the movable body 2. A portion of the cutter bit C protruding from 21a is pulled toward the cutter bit mounting opening M120 by a predetermined distance from the predetermined projecting position, and the cutter bit C is moved toward the cutter bit replacement opening 10 (hereinafter referred to as , this position is called a cutter bit replacement position.). In addition, from the state where the front surface portion 21a of the movable body 2 is retracted to the cutter bit exchange port 10 in the box 1, the jack body 41 is driven to extend the operating rod 42 by a predetermined stroke length, thereby The movable body 2 inside slides the slide cylinder 21 in the box 1, and the front part 21a of the movable body 2 moves to the position of the cutter bit mounting opening M120 of the front plate M111 (hereinafter, this position is referred to as the cutter bit cutting position). A portion of the cutter bit C protruding from the front surface portion 21a of the movable body 2 is protruded from the cutter bit mounting opening M120 to the original predetermined protruding position. Here, the stroke length of the slide jack 4 is about 1.5 to 3 times the allowable wear amount in the case of a roller bit (the allowable wear amount of the roller bit varies depending on the conditions, but is generally 20 mm to 30 mm). is appropriate. But there are more. It should be noted that the movable body driving device 4 can be changed to other existing device such as a hydraulic cylinder as long as the same forward/backward motion as that of the slide jack can be obtained. By providing the slide jack 4 inside the box 1 in this way, substantially the entire slide cylinder 21 of the movable body 2 can be accommodated in the box 1, so that the outer diameter of the slide cylinder 21 can be reduced and the structure can be improved. It is easy and can reduce costs.

The rotating body driving device 6 is arranged on the slide guide 12 of the box 1 and is operatively connected to the rotating shaft 312 of the rotating body 3 supported by each bearing 222 of the movable body 2, and rotates at the cutter bit replacement position. The moving body 3 is driven. In this case, the rotating body driving device 6 is composed of a worm gear, is arranged on the slide guide 12 on the side of the bottom surface 102 of the box 1, and is concentrically attached to the rotating shaft 312 on the side of the bottom surface 31d of the rotating body 3. A worm wheel 60 and a motor-driven worm wheel 60 are installed in the slide guide 12 on the side of the bottom surface 102 of the box 1, close to the bearing 222 of the bottom surface 21d of the slide cylinder 21, and mesh with the worm wheel 60. worm 61; The rotating body driving device 6 can be changed to other existing devices such as a combination of a lever and a jack instead of the worm gear as long as the rotating body 3 can be driven to rotate.

The lock mechanism L consists of a movable body locking device 5 that locks the sliding of the movable body 2 and a rotating body locking device 7 that locks the rotation of the rotating body 3. The movable body locks at the cutter bit cutting position and the cutter bit replacement position. 2 and the rotating body 3 are locked.

The movable body lock device 5 is a box formed by penetrating the cylindrical peripheral surface of the box 1 at a predetermined position where the movable body 2 contacts within the sliding range of the movable body 2 in the box 1. 1 and the movable body 2 at the cutter bit cutting position formed at a position corresponding to the lock hole 501 of the box 1 of the movable body 2 when the movable body 2 in the box 1 is at the cutter bit cutting position. A lock hole 502 and a lock hole of the movable body 2 at the cutter bit replacement position formed at a position corresponding to the lock hole 501 of the box 1 of the movable body 2 when the movable body 2 in the box 1 is at the cutter bit replacement position. 503 (see FIG. 12) is arranged outside the box 1 concentrically with respect to the lock hole 501 of the box 1, and the lock hole 502 of the movable body 2 at the cutter bit cutting position from the lock hole 501 of the box 1 Alternatively, the lock shaft 51 that can be inserted into the lock hole 503 of the movable body 2 at the cutter bit replacement position, and the lock shaft 51 from the lock hole 501 of the case 1 to the lock hole 502 of the movable body 2 at the cutter bit cutting position or the lock hole 503 of the movable body 2 at the cutter bit replacement position. .

In this case, the lock hole 501 of the box 1 is a state in which the movable body 2 is arranged at the cutting position of the cutter bit inside the box 1, and the movable body 2 slides through the top surface portion 101 and the bottom surface portion 102 of the box 1. 21 is drilled at a predetermined position near the rear end thereof. The lock hole 502 of the movable body 2 is formed in the top surface portion 21c and the bottom surface portion 21d of the slide cylinder 21 of the movable body 2 in a state where the movable body 2 is arranged at the cutting position of the cutter bit. The lock hole 502 of the movable body 2 is drilled at a predetermined position on the rear end corresponding to the lock hole 501, and the lock hole 502 of the movable body 2 is inserted into the movable body 2 in a state where the movable body 2 in the case 1 is arranged at the cutter bit replacement position. The top surface portion 21 c and the bottom surface portion 21 d of the slide cylinder 21 are bored at predetermined positions in front of the respective lock holes 502 corresponding to the respective lock holes 501 of the box 1 . A pair of slide jacks is adopted for the lock shaft 51 and the lock shaft drive device 52, and the jack body (hereinafter referred to as the jack body 52) as the lock shaft drive device 52 is the top surface portion 101 and the bottom surface portion 102 of the box 1. Concentrically installed to each lock hole 501 of the box 1 on the outside, an operation rod (hereinafter referred to as an operation rod 51) as a lock shaft 51 is provided outside the top surface portion 101 and the bottom surface portion 102 of the box 1, respectively. It is arranged concentrically with respect to the lock hole 501 . It should be noted that the movable body locking device 5 can be changed to other existing devices as long as the same locking operation as that of the slide jack can be obtained.

Referring to FIG. 8(b), the rotating body lock device 7 is configured by locking holes 701 of the movable body 2 formed in the movable body 2 at the cutter bit cutting position within the slide guide 12 of the housing 1, and The movable body 2 inside is at the cutter bit cutting position, and the lock hole 702 of the rotating body 2 at the cutter bit cutting position formed at a position corresponding to the lock hole 701 of the movable body 2 of the rotating body 3 and the inside of the box 1 The lock hole 701 of the movable body 2 of the rotating body 3 is closed when the movable body 2 is at the cutter bit replacement position and the rotating body 3 is rotated by the rotating body driving device 6 to face the cutter bit C toward the cutter bit replacement port 10. The lock hole 703 (see FIG. 12) of the rotary body 3 at the cutter bit replacement position formed at the position corresponding to the position corresponding to the position corresponding to the lock hole 703 of the movable body 2 on the slide guide 12 of the box 1. a lock shaft 71 that can be inserted from the lock hole 701 of the movable body 2 into the lock hole 702 of the rotating body 3 at the cutter bit cutting position or the lock hole 703 of the rotating body 3 at the cutter bit replacement position; 12 concentrically or in the vicinity of the lock hole 701 of the movable body 2, and the lock shaft 71 is moved from the lock hole 701 of the movable body 2 to the lock hole 702 of the rotary body 3 at the cutting position of the cutter bit, or the cutter bit is replaced. It is composed of a lock shaft drive device 72 which drives forward and backward so as to be insertable into and removable from the lock hole 703 of the rotating body 3 at the position. In addition, the lock shaft 71 includes a large shaft portion 71B that can be inserted into the lock holes 701, 702, and 703 and can be fitted into the lock holes 701, 702, and 703. It consists of a small shaft portion 71</b>S that extends axially and can be loosely fitted in each lock hole 702 .

In this case, each lock hole 701 of the movable body 2 is closed by the top surface portion 21c and the bottom surface portion 21d of the slide cylinder 21 of the movable body 2 in a state where the movable body 2 is arranged at the cutting position of the cutter bit. It is drilled at a predetermined position corresponding to the front end of each slide guide 12 of the body 1 . The lock holes 702 of the rotating body 3 are inserted into the lock holes 701 of the movable body 2 at the top surface portion 31c and the bottom surface portion 31d of the rotating body 3 in a state in which the movable body 2 is arranged at the cutter bit cutting position inside the box 1. Corresponding pre-determined positions are drilled. The lock holes 703 of the rotating body 3 are inserted into the lock holes 701 of the movable body 2 at the top surface portion 31c and the bottom surface portion 31d of the rotating body 3 when the movable body 2 is arranged at the cutter bit replacement position inside the box 1. Corresponding pre-determined positions are drilled. A pair of slide jacks are adopted for the lock shaft 71 and the lock shaft drive device 72, and the jack main body (hereinafter referred to as the jack main body 72) as the lock shaft drive device 72 is the top surface portion 101 and the bottom surface portion 102 of the box 1. Concentrically installed on each slide guide 12 with respect to each lock hole 701 of the movable body 2 , an operation rod (hereinafter referred to as an operation rod 71 ) as a lock shaft 71 concentrically with respect to each lock hole 701 of the movable body 2 on each slide guide 12 of . The configuration of the lock shaft 71 is as described above. It should be noted that this rotating body locking device 7 can be changed to other existing devices as long as the same locking operation as that of the slide jack can be obtained.

In addition, this rotating body locking device 7 is used for the tooth bit to keep the rotating body 3 at a required angle with respect to the rotation of the cutter head M1 in the forward and reverse directions, so that the tooth bit can maintain a constant cutting angle. It is configured to be able to cut while maintaining a clearance angle. As shown in FIG. 8, each lock hole 701 of the movable body 2 and each of the lock holes 702 and 703 of the rotating body 3 have a length b in the diameter direction, and the diameter of the large shaft portion 71B of the lock shaft 71 is b, the diameter of the small shaft portion 71S is c, the diameter difference is 2α, and the relationship of b=2α+c is established. In this manner, the large shaft portion 71B of the lock shaft 71 is passed through the lock holes 701 of the movable body 2 and the lock holes 702 and 703 of the rotating body 3, and the rotation of the rotating body 3 is restricted. 71B is passed through each lock hole 701 of the movable body 2, and the small shaft portion 71S is passed through each lock hole 702 of the rotating body 3, so that the rotating body 3 is allowed to swing within a range of length 2α in the rotating direction. As a result, the rotation of the rotating body 3 is restricted. By doing so, as shown in FIG. 9, when the tooth bit C2 is installed in the rotating body 3, the rotating body 3 can be rocked in the left-right direction by a step of α. During cutting, the tooth bit C2 is tilted to give the tooth bit C2 a rake angle and a relief angle. This prevents wear of the tooth bit C2 and extends its durability. In this case, if the distance between the rotating shaft 312 of the rotating body 3 and the lock shaft 71 is r, and the tilting angle of the tooth bit C2 is θ, then α=r×θ, so θ=α/r. The tooth bit C2 can be tilted within the range of the tilt angle θ.

Further, in this rotating body locking device 7, as shown in FIG. 10, each lock shaft 71 has a large shaft portion 71B (the distal end side thereof) and a small shaft portion 71S of a gradually tapered shape (in other words, a substantially truncated conical shape). ), and each lock hole 701 of the movable body 2 and each of the lock holes 702 and 703 of the rotating body 3 correspond to the taper shape (in other words, substantially truncated cone shape) of each lock shaft 71 (large shaft portion 71B). It may be formed in a tapered shape (in other words, a substantially truncated cone shape). In this way, when the tooth bit C2 is replaced with the rotating body 3, the lock shafts 71 can be easily inserted through the lock holes 701 of the movable body 2 and the lock holes 702 and 703 of the rotating body 3. In the same manner as described above, the rotating body 3 can be made to swing in the horizontal direction, and when the ground is cut by the tooth bit C2, the tooth bit C2 can be tilted to give the tooth bit C2 a rake angle and a relief angle. can.

11, the cutter bit exchanging device E1 is arranged around the cutter bit mounting opening M120 of the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 and/or the front plate M111, and is rotated by the rotation of the rotating body 3. Injection pipes (pipes, hoses, etc.) 91a, 91b for injecting and filling the gap between the front surface portion 31a of the moving body 3 and the rotation guide 22 with a fluid filler, and the cutter bit of the box 1. It is inserted in the vicinity of the port 10 and/or the lid 11 that opens and closes the cutter bit exchange port 10, and discharges the fluid filler from the gap created between the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 and the rotating guide 22, or A discharge/injection pipe (pipe, hose, etc.) 92 is also provided for injecting and filling the gap with a fluid filler.

In this case, two pump-driven injection pipes 91a and 91b extend from a fluid filler storage portion (not shown). The pipe 91a passes through the inside of the rotating body 3 via the center of the shaft 312, and the tip of the pipe 91a faces the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3, and is piped. It is passed along the outer surface of the front plate M111 and arranged around the cutter bit mounting opening M120 of the front plate M111, and the tip of the pipe 91b is connected to the cutter bit mounting opening M120 of the front plate M111 or the front surface of the slide cylinder 21 of the movable body 2. It faces the opening 210 of the portion 21a and is piped so that the gap formed between the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 and the rotating guide 22 due to the rotation of the rotating body 3 is filled with a fluid filler. It's becoming It should be noted that either one of the two lines of injection pipes 91a and 91b may be used.

In this case, a pump-driven discharge/injection pipe 92 extends from a fluid filler storage portion (not shown). is inserted into the lid 11 that opens and closes and is piped, and the fluid filler is discharged from the gap formed between the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 and the rotation guide 22, and the fluid filler is introduced into the gap. It is designed for injection filling. The discharge/injection pipe 92 may be inserted in the vicinity of the cutter bit exchange port 10, or may be inserted in both the lid 11 of the cutter bit exchange port 10 and the vicinity of the cutter bit exchange port 10. good.

Furthermore, in this case, the fluid filler consists of fibers, polymeric absorbents, grease, bentonite, clay, water, etc., and these materials may be selectively used. , microbubbles or nanobubbles may be mixed therein. The flowable filler is waterproof, lubricious, and pumpable.

In this manner, the cutter bit C is attached to the cutter bit support fixing portion 313 of the rotating body 3 through the cutter bit supporting member 315 so that the cutting edge protrudes from the opening 310 of the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3. When cutting the cutting surface with the cutter bit C, the movable body 2 is slid to the cutter bit cutting position by the movable body driving device 4 in the box 1, the movable body 2 is locked by the lock mechanism L, and the cutter is cut. The bit C is protruded from the cutter bit mounting opening M110 to a predetermined position. When replacing the cutter bit C, the movable body 2 is slid to the cutter bit replacement position by the movable body driving device 4 in the box 1, the movable body 2 is locked by the lock mechanism L, and at the cutter bit replacement position, The rotating body 3 is rotated by the rotating body driving device 6 to direct the cutter bit C toward the cutter bit replacement opening 10. At the same time, the cutter bit mounting opening M120 is blocked by the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 3, and the lock mechanism L is rotated. The moving body 3 is locked, and the cutter bit C is exchanged between the cutter bit mounting portion P and the cutter bit exchange work chamber S.

This cutter bit exchanging device E1 is for gauge cutters as described above. FIG. 12 illustrates a case where the gauge cutter is attached to the rotating body 3 of the movable body 2. As shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 12, in this case, the rotating body 3 is fitted with a roller bit C1 suitable for excavating soft rock, hard rock, or boulder ground.
Here, as shown in FIG. 12(a), the state of the cutter bit exchanging device E1 is such that the opening 210 of the front surface portion 21a of the movable body 2 is located behind the cutter bit mounting opening M110 of the front plate M111. position, and the slide tube 21 of the movable body 2 is locked by the movable body lock device 5. FIG. In this case, each lock hole 501 on the rear end side of the top surface portion 101 and the bottom surface portion 102 of the box 1 and each lock hole 503 on the rear end portion of the top surface portion 21c and the bottom surface portion 21d of the slide cylinder 21 of the movable body 2 Each actuating rod 51 of each slide jack is inserted between them to restrict the movement of the movable body 2 (slide cylinder 21) (for convenience of explanation below, this operation will be referred to as movable body cutter bit replacement position locking operation. ). Further, it is assumed that the rotation of the rotating body 3 is locked by the rotating body locking device 7 with the opening 310 of the front face 31a of the rotating body 3 directed toward the cutter bit replacement opening 10 of the box 1 . In this case, each operating rod 71 (large shaft portion 71B) of each slide jack is inserted between each lock hole 701 of the movable body 2 and each lock hole 703 of the rotating body 3 in each slide guide 12 of the box 1. (see FIG. 8(b)), and the rotation of the rotating body 3 is restricted (for the convenience of the following description, this operation will be referred to as a rotating body cutter bit exchange opening lock operation). In this state, the opening 210 of the front surface 21a of the movable body 2 and the dust discharge opening 221 of the rear surface 21b of the movable body 2 are blocked by the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 3. FIG.

In attaching the roller bit C1 to the rotating body 3, first, remove the door 11 of the cutter bit exchange opening 10 of the box 1, and insert the roller through the cutter bit exchange opening 10 and the cutter bit insertion openings 212 and 224 of the movable body 2. The bit C1 is attached to the cutter bit support fixing portion 313 of the opening 310 of the front portion 31a of the rotating body 3 via the cutter bit support member 315. As shown in FIG. In this case, the fixing portions 315b of the cutter bit support member 315 that supports the roller bit C1 are fitted into the grooves 313b of the upper and lower cutter bit support fixing portions 313 on the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3, so that the roller bit C1 is attached to the cutting edge. A part thereof protrudes from the opening 310 of the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3, and is horizontally rotatably arranged in the opening 310 of the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3. As shown in FIG. Subsequently, a bolt (not shown) is passed through each fixing portion 315b of the cutter bit support member 315 and fastened to the bottom of each groove 313b of the cutter bit support fixing portion 313 (see FIG. 6).

In this manner, the roller bit C1 is attached to the opening 310 of the front surface 31a of the rotating body 3. As shown in FIG. After the roller bit C1 is attached, the lid 11 is attached to the cutter bit replacement opening 10 of the box 1 to close the cutter bit replacement opening 10.例文帳に追加

When cutting a cutting surface with this roller bit C1, first, each rotating body lock device 7 between the movable body 2 and the rotating body 3 is unlocked. In this case, each operating rod 71 (large shaft portion 71 B ) is pulled up to each slide guide 12 of the box 1 by driving each jack body 72, and the rotation restriction of the rotating body 3 is released (see FIG. 8(b)). (This is referred to as the unlocking operation of the rotating body cutter bit exchange port.).

Next, the rotating body driving device 6, that is, the worm 61 of the worm gear is rotated by the motor drive, and the worm wheel 60 engaged with the worm 61 is rotated to rotate the rotating body 3, thereby rotating the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 3. to the guide surface 223 of the rotation guide 22 from the opening 210 of the front surface 21a of the rotation guide 22 and the waste discharge opening 221 of the rear surface 21b of the rotation guide 22, and the opening 310 of the front surface 31a of the rotating body 3 From the cutter bit exchange port 10 on one side portion 103 of the box 1 toward the cutter bit mounting port M120 on the front plate M111 (see FIGS. 3 and 5). action). Here, the rotation of the rotating body 3 is locked by the rotating body locking device 7 . In this case, with the opening 310 of the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 facing the cutter bit mounting opening 120 of the front plate M111, each operating rod is operated by operating each rotating body lock device 7 on each slide guide 12 of the box 1. 71 (large shaft portion 71B) is inserted between each lock hole 701 of the movable body 2 and each lock hole 702 of the rotating body 3 to restrict the rotation of the rotating body 3 (see FIG. 8B). (For the convenience of the following description, this operation will be referred to as a rotating body cutter bit cutting position locking operation.).

Subsequently, each movable body locking device 5 between the box 1 and the movable body 2 is unlocked. In this case, each lock hole 501 on the rear end side of the top surface portion 101 and the bottom surface portion 102 of the box 1 and each lock hole 503 on the intermediate portion between the top surface portion 21c and the bottom surface portion 21d of the slide cylinder 21 of the movable body 2 Each actuating rod 51 of each slide jack inserted between them is pulled up to each lock hole 501 of the case 1 by driving each jack body 52 to release the movement restriction of the movable body 2 (see FIG. 3). For convenience of explanation, this operation will be referred to as a movable body cutter bit replacement position lock release operation).

Then, as shown in FIG. 12(b), the movable body 2 (slide cylinder 21) is moved within the box 1 by driving the movable body driving devices 4 attached between the box 1 and the movable body 2. drive. In this case, a pair of slide jacks attached between the inner rear end portions of the left and right side portions 103 and 104 of the box 1 and the inner rear end portions of the left and right side portions 21e and 21f of the slide cylinder 21 By driving the main body 41, each operating rod 42 is extended from each jack main body 41 by a predetermined stroke length, and the movable body 2 moves from the cutter bit replacement position behind the cutter bit mounting opening M120 to the cutter bit cutting position in the box 1. , and the front portion 31a of the rotating body 3 is slid to the cutter bit mounting opening M120 of the front plate M111 (for convenience of explanation below, this operation will be referred to as the movable body advancing operation).

Here, each movable body locking device 5 between the box 1 and the movable body 2 is locked. In this case, each lock hole 501 on the rear end side of the top surface portion 101 and the bottom surface portion 102 of the box 1 and each lock hole 502 on the rear end portion of the top surface portion 21c and the bottom surface portion 21d of the slide cylinder 21 of the movable body 2 Each actuating rod 51 of each slide jack is inserted between them to restrict the movement of the movable body 2 (slide cylinder 21) (see FIG. 3). It is called cutting position lock operation.).

In this manner, the roller bit C1 (part of the cutting edge) protrudes from the cutter bit mounting opening M120 of the front plate M111 through the opening 210 of the front surface 21a of the slide cylinder 21 and the opening 310 of the front surface 31a of the rotating body 3. It is protruded to the position.

Then, the shield machine M is excavated, and the outer diameter of the tunnel is excavated with the roller bit C1 (see FIG. 1). The excavation reaction force at this time is supported by each movable body driving device 4 and each movable body locking device 5 . While the rock is being cut by the roller bit C1, the cutting waste is continuously taken into the rotating body 3 through the opening 310 of the front face portion 31a of the rotating body 3 in the cutter bit mounting opening M120, and 314, the muck discharge openings 311 and 221, and the earth discharge tube 23, and are continuously discharged from the earth discharge opening M14 of the box 1.

When the roller bit C1 wears and reaches a critical wear amount during rock cutting with the roller bit C1, or when the roller bit C1 is damaged, the roller bit C1 is replaced. In this case, the excavation of the shield machine M is stopped, and first, each movable body locking device 5 between the box 1 and the movable body 2 is unlocked. In this case, each lock hole 501 on the rear end side of the top surface portion 101 and the bottom surface portion 102 of the box 1 and each lock hole 502 on the rear end portion of the top surface portion 21c and the bottom surface portion 21d of the slide cylinder 21 of the movable body 2 Each actuating rod 51 of each slide jack inserted between is pulled up to each lock hole 501 of the box 1 by driving each jack body 52 to release the movement restriction of the movable body 2 (see FIG. 3). For the convenience of the following description, this operation will be referred to as a movable body cutter bit cutting position lock release operation.). The movable body 2 (slide cylinder 21 ) is driven within the box 1 by driving each movable body driving device 4 attached between the box 1 and the movable body 2 . In this case, the jack body of each slide jack mounted between the inner rear end portions of the left and right side portions 103 and 104 of the box 1 and the inner rear end portions of the left and right side portions 21e and 21f of the slide cylinder 21 41, each actuating rod 42 is retracted by a predetermined stroke length in each jack body 41, and the movable body 2 is moved from the cutter bit mounting port M120 to the rear of the cutter bit mounting port M120 in the box 1 by a predetermined distance. The front part 31a of the rotating body 3 is slid to the cutter bit replacement position within the box 1 (for convenience of explanation below, this operation will be referred to as the movable body retracting operation).

Here, the movable body lock device 5 between the box 1 and the movable body 2 is locked. That is, by driving the jack bodies 52 of the slide jacks on the box 1 , the operation rods 51 are moved between the lock holes 501 on the rear end side of the top surface 101 and the bottom surface 102 of the box 1 and the movable body 2 . It is inserted between the lock holes 503 at the intermediate portions of the top surface portion 21c and the bottom surface portion 21d of the slide cylinder 21 to restrict the movement of the movable body 2 (see FIG. 3). lock operation).

Subsequently, each rotating body locking device 7 between the movable body 2 and the rotating body 3 is unlocked. In this case, each operating rod 71 (large shaft portion 71 B ) are pulled up to the slide guides 12 of the box 1 by driving the jack bodies 72 to release the rotation restriction of the rotating body 3 (see FIG. 8(b)). unlock operation.).

Then, as shown in FIG. 12( a ), each rotating body driving device 6 drives the rotating body 3 within the rotating guide 22 of the movable body 2 . At the same time, the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 and the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 are connected to the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 by the rotation of the rotating body 3 from the two pipes 91a and 91b arranged around the cutter bit mounting opening M120 of the front plate M111. A fluid filler is injected and filled into the gap generated between the guide 22 (see FIG. 11). In this case, the rotating body driving device 6, that is, the worm 61 of the worm gear is rotated by the motor drive, the worm wheel 60 engaged with the worm 61 is rotated, the rotating body 3 is rotated, and the rotating body 3 front surface portion 31a is rotated. The opening 310 is directed from the direction of the cutter bit mounting opening M120 to the cutter bit replacement opening 10 of one side surface 103 of the case 1 (see FIG. 3). .). As the rotating body 3 rotates, the opening 210 of the front surface portion 21a of the movable body 2 and the dust discharging opening 221 of the rear surface portion 22b of the movable body 2 are blocked by the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 3. As shown in FIG. During this rotation of the rotating body 3, the fluid filler is supplied to the rotating body 3 by driving a pump from two lines of pipes 91a and 91b arranged around the front face portion 31a of the rotating body 3 and the cutter bit mounting port M120. The gap between the front surface portion 31a and the rotation guide 22 is filled with injection (see FIG. 11). As a result, it is possible to prevent any dirt or earth and sand falling from the blades from entering the gap, thereby enabling smooth rotation of the rotating body 3 and preventing wear of the seal 8 provided on the rotating body 3 and the like. Damage can be prevented.

Here, the rotation of the rotating body 3 is locked by each rotating body lock device 7 (locking operation of the rotating body cutter bit exchange opening described above).

Next, the valve 921 for opening and closing the pipe 92 for discharge/injection inserted in the lid 11 for opening and closing the cutter bit exchange port 10 of the box 1 is opened, and the pipe 92 is driven to the rotation guide 22 by driving the pump. The fluid filler filled inside is discharged together with mud and muddy water containing cutting waste that has entered inside the rotary guide 22 . After the discharge, the valve 921 for opening and closing the pipe 92 for discharge/injection is closed (see FIG. 11).

Then, the door 11 is removed from the cutter bit replacement opening 10 of the box 1, and the worn or damaged roller bit C1 is replaced with a new roller bit through the cutter bit replacement opening 10 and the cutter bit insertion openings 212 and 224 of the movable body 2. Replace with C1. In this case, bolts (not shown) are removed from the bottom of each groove 313b of the upper and lower cutter bit support fixing portions 313 of the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 and from each fixing portion 315b of the cutter bit support member 315, and the worn or damaged roller bit C1 is removed. Each fixing portion 315b of the supporting cutter bit support member 315 is removed from each groove 313b of the cutter bit support fixing portion 313, and the worn or damaged roller bit C1 is removed from the opening 310 of the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 (Fig. 6). ), the cutter bit insertion openings 224 and 212 of the movable body 2 and the cutter bit exchange opening 10 of the box 1 are taken out into the cutter bit exchange work chamber S. Then, from the cutter bit replacement work chamber S, the cutter bit support member 315 that supports the new roller bit C1 is passed through the cutter bit replacement opening 10 of the box 1 and the cutter bit insertion openings 212 and 224 of the movable body 2, The fixing portions 315b of the cutter bit support member 315 are fitted into the grooves 313b of the upper and lower cutter bit support fixing portions 313 of the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3, so that the blade edge of the roller bit C1 is partially attached to the rotating body 3. It protrudes from the opening 310 of the front part 31a and is arranged in the opening 310 of the front part 31a of the rotating body 3 so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction. Then, bolts (not shown) pass through the fixing portions 315b of the cutter bit support member 315 and are fastened to the bottoms of the grooves 313b of the cutter bit support fixing portion 313 (see FIG. 6). In this manner, a new roller bit C1 is attached to the opening 310 of the front surface 31a of the rotating body 3. As shown in FIG. In this manner, the same kind of cutter bit C can be replaced in the cutter bit replacement work chamber S under atmospheric pressure inside the cutter head M1 (cutter spoke M11) accessible from inside the machine main body M0. After replacing the roller bit C1, a lid 11 is attached to the cutter bit replacement opening 10 of the box 1 to close the cutter bit replacement opening 10.例文帳に追加

Subsequently, the valve 921 for opening and closing the pipe 92 for discharge/injection inserted in the lid 11 is opened, and the gap inside the rotation guide 22 is filled with the fluid filler through the pipe 92 by driving the pump. (See FIG. 11(b)). Then, each rotating body locking device 7 between the movable body 2 and the rotating body 3 is unlocked (the rotating body cutter bit replacement port unlocking operation described above). Next, the rotating body driving device 6 rotates the rotating body 3 (forward rotation of the rotating body described above), and the opening 310 of the front face portion 31a of the rotating body 3 faces the cutter bit mounting opening M110 of the front plate M111. Here, the rotation of the rotating body 3 is locked by each rotating body locking device 7 (the above-described rotating body cutter bit cutting position locking operation).

Subsequently, each movable body locking device 5 between the box 1 and the movable body 2 is unlocked (movable body cutter bit replacement position unlocking operation described above), and the box 1 and the movable body 2 are locked. By driving each movable body driving device 4 attached to the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3, the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 is slid to the cutter bit cutting position, that is, to the cutter bit mounting opening M120 of the front plate M111 (movable body forward movement described above). . Here, each movable body locking device 5 between the box 1 and the movable body 2 is locked (movable body cutter bit cutting position locking operation described above).

In this way, as shown in FIG. 12(b), the cutter bit is inserted from the cutter bit mounting opening M120 of the front plate M111 through the opening 210 of the front surface 21a of the slide cylinder 21 and the opening 310 of the front surface 31a of the rotating body 3. C (part of the cutting edge) is protruded to a predetermined protruding position.

Then, the shield machine M is excavated, and the outer diameter of the tunnel is excavated with the roller bit C1 (see FIG. 1). While the rock is being cut by the roller bit C1, the cutting waste is continuously taken into the rotating body 3 through the opening 310 of the front face portion 31a of the rotating body 3 in the cutter bit mounting opening M120, and 314, the muck discharge openings 311 and 221, and the earth discharge tube 23, and are continuously discharged from the earth discharge opening M14 of the box 1.

FIG. 13 shows the advantage of providing this gauge cutter with a substantially truncated biconical rotating body 3 .
Here, line segment AO is the line of inclination angle θ of the gauge cutter Point A is the point of contact with the face of the gauge cutter Point B is the contact point of the face when the bit reaches the limit wear amount Point C is the face plate of the cutter head and the outer diameter side surface part Line segment XAX is a line perpendicular to OA Line segment X1AX1' is the initial excavation trajectory of the bit group including the gauge cutter Line segment X2BX2' is the bit group when the bit group reaches the limit wear amount Excavation trajectory Line segment MN is the width of the cylindrical rotating body. The width of the truncated biconical rotating body is the same. Line segment MDAEN is the initial rotational trajectory of the approximately cylindrical rotating body of the conventional gauge cutter. Line segment MKALN is the original As shown in FIG. 13, in the case of a substantially cylindrical rotating body, it cannot be rotated unless it retreats to the position of MGFN. can be accommodated within the outermost circumference excavation locus of the gauge cutter, so that it can be rotated by retreating at least to the position of MSBTN. Since AB<AP, the substantially truncated biconical rotating body needs less retraction than the cylindrical rotating body. Therefore, in the case of the substantially biconical truncated rotating body, the amount of sliding of the movable body in the box can be reduced, so that the movable body drive device can be made smaller, which contributes to cost reduction. From the above, when comparing the substantially truncated bisconical rotating body of this gauge cutter with the substantially cylindrical rotating body of the conventional gauge cutter, the substantially truncated bisconical rotating body is suitable for replacing the cutter bit. .

In addition, when the rock changes from hard rock suitable for cutting with the roller bit C1 to soft ground during cutting of the rock with the roller bit C1, the roller bit C1 cannot rotate on the soft ground and is worn to one side. not suitable for If the cutter bit C is not suitable for the ground, the cutter bit C is abnormally worn, or the cutter bit C is damaged, which reduces the excavation speed and prolongs the construction period. Therefore, in this case, it is necessary to replace the cutter bit C with one suitable for soft ground. Teeth bits are suitable for excavating gravel layers, sandy ground, cohesive ground, etc. and are widely used. The shell bit is suitable for excavating hard gravel layers and gravel-mixed sand layers, but is not suitable for hard clay layers and bedrock. For composite ground, the various cutter bits described above are used together as appropriate. Teeth bits are suitable for soft ground.

Therefore, the roller bit C1 is replaced with the tooth bit C2. When replacing with the tooth bit C2, it is important to improve the cutting performance of the tooth bit C2 by securing a rake angle and clearance angle suitable for cutting the ground for the tooth bit C2 regardless of the rotation direction of the cutter head M1. is.

When replacing the roller bit C1 with the tooth bit C2, as shown in FIG. is unlocked (movable body cutter bit cutting position lock release operation described above). Then, by driving each movable body driving device 4 attached between the box 1 and the movable body 2, the movable body 2 (slide cylinder 21) is driven in the box 1 (movable body retraction operation described above). ). As a result, the front portion 31a of the rotating body 3 is slid to the cutter bit replacement position within the box 1. As shown in FIG. Here, each movable body locking device 5 between the box 1 and the movable body 2 is locked (movable body cutter bit replacement position locking operation described above). Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 12(a), each rotating body locking device 7 between the movable body 2 and the rotating body 3 is unlocked (the rotating body cutter bit cutting position unlocking operation described above). Subsequently, the rotating body driving device 6 is driven to drive the rotating body 3 within the rotating guide 22 of the movable body 2 (the above-described rotating body reverse rotation operation). At the same time, the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 and the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 are connected to the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 by the rotation of the rotating body 3 from the two pipes 91a and 91b arranged around the cutter bit mounting opening M120 of the front plate M111. A fluid filler is injected and filled into the gap generated between the guide 22 and the guide 22 . As a result, it is possible to prevent any dirt or earth and sand falling from the blades from entering the gap, thereby enabling smooth rotation of the rotating body 3 and preventing the wear of the seal 8 provided on the rotating body 3 and the like. Damage can be prevented. In this way, the opening 310 of the front surface 31 a of the rotating body 3 is directed toward the cutter bit replacement port 10 of one side surface 103 of the box 1 . As the rotating body 3 rotates, the opening 210 of the front surface portion 21a of the movable body 2 and the dust discharging opening 221 of the rear surface portion 22b of the movable body 2 are blocked by the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 3. Here, the rotation of the rotating body 3 is locked by each rotating body lock device 7 (locking operation of the rotating body cutter bit exchange opening described above).

Next, the valve 921 for opening and closing the pipe 92 for discharge/injection inserted in the lid 11 for opening and closing the cutter bit exchange port 10 of the box 1 is opened, and the pipe 92 is driven to the rotation guide 22 by driving the pump. The fluid filler filled inside is discharged together with mud and muddy water containing cutting waste that has entered inside the rotary guide 22 . After the discharge, the valve 921 for opening and closing the pipe 92 for discharge/injection is closed (see FIG. 11).

Then, the door 11 of the cutter bit replacement port 10 of the box 1 is removed, and the roller bit C1 is replaced with the tooth bit C2 through the cutter bit replacement port 11 and the cutter bit insertion ports 212 and 224 of the movable body 2. In this case, as described above, the roller bit C1 is removed from the opening 310 of the front surface 31a of the rotating body 3, and passed through the cutter bit insertion openings 224 and 212 of the movable body 2 and the cutter bit replacement opening 10 of the box 1. Take it out to the exchange work room S. Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the cutter bit support member 315 for supporting the tooth bit C2 is moved from the cutter bit replacement work chamber S to the cutter bit replacement opening 10 of the box 1 and the cutter bit insertion opening 212 of the movable body 2. , 224, the fixing portions 315b of the cutter bit support member 315 are fitted into the grooves 313b of the upper and lower cutter bit support fixing portions 313 on the upper and lower front portions 31a of the rotating body 3, and fixed with bolts. In this manner, the tooth bit C2 is attached to the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 and protrudes from the opening 310 of the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3. As shown in FIG. After replacing with the tooth bit C2, a lid 11 is attached to the cutter bit replacement opening 10 of the box 1 to close the cutter bit replacement opening 10.例文帳に追加

In this way, the operation of exchanging different types of cutter bits C can also be performed in the cutter bit exchange work chamber S inside the cutter head M1 (cutter spokes M11), which is accessible from the inside of the machine main body M0 under atmospheric pressure.

In this way, the shield machine M is excavated, and the outer diameter of the tunnel is excavated by the tooth bit C2. When cutting a cutting surface with this tooth bit C2, the rotating body 3 maintains a required angle with respect to forward and reverse rotation of the cutter head M1, and the tooth bit C2 has a constant rake angle and relief angle. retained. That is, when one tooth bit C2 cuts while maintaining a constant rake angle with respect to the cutting surface, the tip of the other tooth bit C2 becomes lower than the excavation surface, thereby preventing the back surface of the other tooth bit C2 from wearing. Abrasion and wear of the tooth bit C2 can be prevented to prolong its life. While the tooth bit C2 is used to cut the rock, the cutting waste is continuously taken into the rotating body 3 through the opening 310 of the front face portion 31a of the rotating body 3 in the cutter bit mounting opening M120. 314, the muck discharging openings 311 and 221, and the unloading tube 23, and are continuously discharged from the unloading opening M14 of the box 1. As a result, the cutting waste cut by the tooth bit C2 does not stay in the cutter bit mounting portion P, which is useful for long-distance excavation of the shield machine M.

As described above, in this cutter bit exchanging device E1, the cutter bit C is attached to the cutter bit support fixing portion 313 of the rotating body 3 via the cutter bit support member 315 so that the cutting edge is inserted through the opening 310 of the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3. Install by protruding. When cutting the cutting surface with the cutter bit C, the front surface portion 21a of the slide cylinder 21 of the movable body 2 is arranged in the cutter bit mounting opening M120 in the box 1, and the opening 210 of the front surface portion 21a of the slide cylinder 21 and the rotating body 3. Project the cutter bit C from the cutter bit mounting opening M120 through the opening 310 of the front surface portion 31a. When replacing the cutter bit C, the movable body driving device 4 is driven to retract the movable body 2 together with the rotating body 3 in the box 1, pull the cutter bit C toward the cutter bit mounting opening M110 side, and pull the rotating body. By unlocking the lock device 7, the rotating body 3 is unlocked in the rotating direction, and by rotating the rotating body 3 with the rotating body driving device 6, the cutter bit C is directed toward the cutter bit replacement opening 10, The opening 210 of the front surface 21a of the movable body 2 is blocked by the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 3, and the cutter bit C is exchanged between the cutter bit mounting part P and the cutter bit exchange work chamber S. By doing so, the cutter bit exchanging device E1 has a simple system (mechanism), and the operator does not need to exchange the cutter bits C in the cutter bit exchanging work chamber S under the atmospheric pressure inside the cutter head M1. It can be done in a short time with a simple work procedure, and can be applied to replace various cutter bits C such as inner cutters, gauge cutters, tooth bits, leading bits, and shell bits. The replacement of the cutter bit C can be facilitated even in a tunnel boring machine under water pressure.

(Embodiment 2)
This cutter exchange device E1 can be similarly applied to the cutter bit mounting portion P of the outer ring M12 (see FIG. 2). When applied to the cutter bit mounting portion P of the outer peripheral ring M12, this cutter bit exchanging device E1 can be realized with a configuration similar to that of the first embodiment, and can exhibit the same effects as the first embodiment. can. Therefore, the explanation of the cutter bit exchanging device E1 at the cutter bit mounting portion P of the outer ring M12 overlaps with the explanation of the first embodiment, so the explanation thereof is omitted here.

(Embodiment 3)
This cutter bit exchanging device E1 can also be applied to an inner cutter attached to the cutter bit attachment portion P of each cutter spoke M11 intermediate portion (see FIGS. 1 and 2). When applied to an inner cutter, this cutter bit exchanging device E1 can be realized with a configuration similar to that of the first embodiment, and can have the same effects as those of the first embodiment. Therefore, the explanation of the cutter bit exchanging device E1 applied to the inner cutter overlaps with the explanation of the first embodiment, so the explanation thereof is omitted here. However, in the case of the inner cutter, when the roller bit C1 is replaced, the shield machine M is slightly retracted to move the roller bit C1 away from the face so that the roller bit C1 can be rotated. Thus, the roller bit C1 does not hit the side wall of the excavation hole and the shield machine M cannot be moved backward. It may be substantially cylindrical. When the rotating body 3 and the rotating guide 22 are formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, the rotating body and the rotating guide are disclosed in a patent application (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2017-8554) proposed by the applicant of the present application. , see this. Even if this cutter bit exchanging device E1 is applied to an inner cutter, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

(Embodiment 4)
14 and 15 illustrate the cutter bit changing device E2 applied to the center cutter attached to the cutter bit attachment portion P substantially in the center of each cutter spoke M11. In the case of the center cutter, the cutter bit mounting opening M110 of the front plate M111 is provided in a rectangular shape elongated in the diametrical direction. A mud port M14a (discharge port M14) is formed, and a cutter bit mounting portion P is formed between the cutter bit mounting port M110 of the front plate M111 and the rear plate M141. A plurality of roller bits C1 are attached to the cutter bit attachment portion P so as to be vertically rotatably connected on the same axis. Further, in the case of this center cutter, a plurality of cutter bit exchange work chambers S are defined in the vertical direction on at least one side of the cutter bit mounting portion P, and each of them has an atmospheric pressure on the side of the machine main body M0 of the tunnel excavator. is communicated with.

As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the cutter bit exchanging device E2 is installed in the cutter bit mounting portion P, and exchanges the roller bit C1 between the cutter bit mounting portion P and each cutter bit exchanging work chamber S. A box 1 defining a cutter bit mounting portion P between a cutter bit mounting port M110 of a front plate M111 and a rear plate M141, a slide cylinder 21, a rotation guide 22, and a mud discharge pipe. 23a (soil discharge tube 23), sludge feed pipe 24, movable body 2 slidably fitted in box 1, and rotatably fitted in rotation guide 22 via rotation shaft 312. A rotating body 3 arranged together, a movable body driving device 4 attached between the box 1 and the movable body 2 and slidingly driving the movable body 2 in the box 1, and a rotating body in the rotation guide 22 3 and a lock mechanism L for locking the movable body 2 and the rotating body 3 .

The box 1 is formed in a cylindrical shape between the cutter bit mounting opening M110 of the front plate M111 and the rear plate M141. The cutter bit replacement port 10 is provided on the top surface 101 and the bottom surface 102, and the slide guides 12 are provided on the top surface 101 and the bottom surface 102 so that the bearings 222 of the movable body 2 can be inserted and slid rearward. A mounting portion P is defined.

In this case, the box 1 has a top surface portion 101, a bottom surface portion 102 and two rectangular side plates long in the front-rear direction, and left and right side portions 103 and 104 which are long rectangular side plates and a rear portion 105. The rear plate M141 forms a vertically elongated square tube having a substantially rectangular cross section. The front part 100 has a full opening that communicates with the cutter bit mounting opening M110. The mud discharge port M14a of the rear plate M141 is drilled above the top surface portion 101 of the box 1, and the mud feed port M15 of the rear plate M141 is drilled on the lower side inside the box 1. The cutter bit exchange opening 10 is formed as a rectangular opening through which the cutter bit C can be inserted for each of the cutter bit exchange work chambers S in one of the side plates forming one side surface portion 103 . A lid 11 is detachably attached to each cutter bit exchange port 10 . The lid 11 also has a rectangular main body 11a that can be fitted into the cutter bit replacement port 10 and a flange 11b that extends along the entire peripheral edge of the main body 11a with a step and can abut on the entire peripheral edge of the cutter bit replacement port 10. and is fastened to one side portion 103 with a bolt (not shown). One side of the lid 11 may also be attached to one side edge of the cutter bit exchange port 10 via a hinge, and the other side and upper and lower portions may be bolted. Each slide guide 12 is formed in the center of the top surface 101 and the bottom 102 in the left-right direction as a substantially rectangular opening extending from a predetermined position a little backward from the front surface 100 to a predetermined position in the middle in the front-rear direction. Further, in the case of this case 1, the rear slide guide 13 is formed as an opening of a predetermined length at a predetermined position on the extension of the rear portion of the slide guide 12 of the top surface portion 101. As shown in FIG. In this manner, the box 1 is fitted and fixed between the cutter bit mounting opening M110 of the front plate M111 and the rear plate M141.

The movable body 2 is composed of a slide cylinder 21 , a rotation guide 22 , a mud discharge pipe 23 a (soil discharge pipe 23 ), and a mud feed pipe 24 .

The slide cylinder 21 has an opening 210 in the front part 21a, two openings 211a and 211b in the rear part 21b, and a side part 21e on one side facing the cutter bit exchange openings 10 of the box 1 so that the cutter bits can be inserted. It is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape having an opening 212, and is arranged in the box 1 so as to be slidable in contact with the inner surface of the box 1. As shown in FIG. In this case, the slide cylinder 21 has a top surface portion 21c, a bottom surface portion 21d, and left and right side portions 21e and 21f that can contact the inner surfaces of the top surface portion 101, the bottom surface portion 102, the left and right side portions 103 and 104, and the left and right side portions 21e and 21f. It is formed in a substantially square tubular shape with a substantially rectangular cross section that is long in the vertical direction with an open front surface having a rear surface portion 21b, and the length in the front-rear direction is shorter than the length in the front-rear direction of the box 1. In this case, the box It is about three-fifths of the length of the body 1 in the front-rear direction. The opening 210 of the front surface 21a is formed in a rectangular shape elongated in the vertical direction. One of the openings 211a, 211b of the rear surface portion 22b is drilled in the upper center of the rear surface portion 22b, and the other is drilled in the lower center of the rear surface portion 22b.

The rotation guide 22 passes through both side edges of the opening 210 of the front surface portion 21a on the side of the front surface portion 21a in the slide cylinder 21, and a part of the arc extends forward from the opening portion 210 of the front surface portion 21a of the slide cylinder 21 at a predetermined distance. An opening 211a (mud discharge opening 221) and an opening 211b are provided in the rear surface portion 22b (21b) facing the opening 210 of the front surface portion 21a along the imaginary circumference in the slide cylinder 21 projecting to a range. It is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and bearings 222 protruding above the slide guide 12 of the box 1 are provided at mutually opposing positions of the slide cylinder 21 on the center axis of the substantially cylindrical shape.

In this case, the rotation guide 22 is formed between the front surface portion 21a and the rear surface portion 21b in the slide cylinder 21, and the front surface portion 21a is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape with a flat opening portion 210, and the center axis of this substantially cylindrical shape is Cylindrical bearings 222 protrude from the top surface portion 21c and the bottom surface portion 21d of the slide cylinder 21 passing therethrough so as to be fitted to the slide guides 12 of the top surface portion 101 and the bottom surface portion 102 of the box 1 . The opening 211a of the rear surface 22b is formed at the upper center of the rear surface 22b, and the opening 211b of the rear surface 22b is formed at the lower center of the rear surface 22b.

Also, in this case, the rotation guide 22 has a substantially cylindrical shape. Also, the inner peripheral surface of the rotation guide 22 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and this serves as a guide surface 223 . A cutter bit insertion opening 224 communicating with the cutter bit insertion opening 212 of the slide cylinder 21 is formed at a position facing the cutter bit insertion opening 212 of the slide cylinder 21 on one side portion 22c of the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface. . An open/close lid may be detachably attached to the cutter bit insertion opening 224 of the rotation guide 22 as well.

The mud discharge pipe 23a is connected to an opening 211a formed in the rear surface portion 22b of the rotation guide 22 so as to communicate with the mud discharge opening 311 of the rear surface portion 31b of the rotating body 3, which will be described later. It is passed through the slide guide 13 and slidably inserted into the mud discharge port M14a of the rear plate M141. In this case, the mud discharge pipe 23a is made of a flexible pipe, connected to the opening 211a of the rear surface portion 22b of the rotating guide 22, and passed through the rear slide guide 13 of the top surface portion 101 of the box 1 and fitted into the mud discharge port M14a of the rear plate M141. The part until it is inserted is formed in a substantially Z shape.

Similarly, the mud feed pipe 24 is connected to an opening 211b formed in the rear surface portion 22b of the rotation guide 22 so as to communicate with a mud feed opening 311a of the rear surface portion 31b of the rotating body 3, which will be described later, to feed the rear plate M141. It is slidably inserted into the gate M15. In this case, the sludge feed pipe 24 is also made of a flexible pipe, and the portion connected to the opening 211b of the rear surface portion 22b of the rotation guide 22 and inserted into the sludge feed port M15 of the rear plate M141 is formed in a substantially Z shape. be done.

In this manner, the movable body 2 is formed and slidably fitted in the box 1 . It should be noted that a predetermined contact surface of the box 1 and the movable body 2 is positioned close to the cutter bit mounting opening M110 on the front plate M111, that is, on the front part 100 side of the inner surface of the box 1 and close to the cutter bit mounting opening M110. and a predetermined position adjacent to the cutter bit mounting opening M110 on the side of the front surface portion 21a of the outer surface of the movable body 2. is held to

The rotating body 3 has a top surface 31c and a bottom surface 31d formed on a flat surface so that the front surface 31a can be arranged along the opening 210 of the front surface 21a of the slide cylinder 21 so that it can be fitted into the rotation guide 22 of the movable body 2. The rotary shaft 312 is fitted in each bearing 222 of the rotary guide 22 at the center of the top surface portion 31c and the bottom surface portion 31d of the substantially cylindrical shape. The flat surface of the shaped front portion 31a is provided with an opening 310 through which the cutting edges of a plurality of roller bits C1 can protrude and the waste can be taken in, and the rear surface portion 31b is provided with a waste discharge opening 311 and a mud transfer opening 311a. Cutter bit support fixing portions 313 for supporting and fixing a plurality of roller bits C1 are provided between the top surface portion 31c and the bottom surface portion 31d of the shaped front portion 31a.

In this case, the rotating body 3 has a substantially cylindrical shape and can be fitted to the guide surface 223 on the inner peripheral surface of the rotating guide 22 . The front surface portion 31a is formed into a rectangular flat surface so that it can be arranged along the opening 210 of the front surface portion 21a of the slide cylinder 21 . The opening 310 of the front surface 31a is formed in a rectangular shape slightly narrower than the opening 210 of the front surface 21a of the slide cylinder 21 and elongated in the vertical direction. A waste discharge opening 311 of the rear surface portion 31b is formed so as to communicate with the opening portion 211a of the rotation guide 22. As shown in FIG. A mud feeding opening 311a of the rear surface portion 31b is formed in the lower center of the rear surface portion 31b so as to communicate with the opening portion 211b of the rotation guide 22. As shown in FIG. The opening 310 of the front surface portion 31a and the waste discharge opening 311 of the rear surface portion 31b are communicated with each other to form a waste passage 314. As shown in FIG. The rotation shafts 312 of the top surface portion 31c and the bottom surface portion 31d are projected in a columnar shape from the center of the top surface portion 31c and the bottom surface portion 31d so as to be fitted to the bearings 222 of the slide cylinder 21, respectively.

In this manner, the rotating body 3 is fitted in the rotating guide 22 via the rotating shaft 312 so as to be rotatable.

Although not shown here, a predetermined position near the opening 210 on the front surface portion 21a side of the inner surface of the rotation guide 22 and a predetermined position near the opening portion 310 on the front surface portion 31a side of the outer surface of the rotating body 3 are provided. A seal (not shown) is interposed between the predetermined position and the opening 210 side of the front face portion 21a to keep the two watertight.

In addition, the cutter bit support fixing portion 313 in the rotating body 3 is formed between the top surface portion 31c and the bottom surface portion 31d of the substantially cylindrical front surface portion 31a, and the roller bit C1 is supported through the cutter bit support member 315. It is designed to be supported and fixed. Here, the cutter bit support member 315 is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, and includes a support portion that rotatably supports the roller bit and a pair of fixed blocks that are formed in the shape of rectangular cross-section blocks at both ends of the support portion. consists of The cutter bit support fixing portion 313 is provided on the top surface portion, the bottom surface portion, and part of a plurality of bearing portions installed at predetermined intervals between the top surface portion and the bottom surface portion of the rotating body. On the top surface and bottom surface of the rotating body, the cutter bit support fixing part 313 has a rectangular cross section formed so that each fixing part of the cutter bit supporting member 315 can be fitted to the inner surface on the front side of the rotating shaft of the rotating body. It consists of a pair of grooves and bolts that are fastened between each fixed portion of the cutter bit support member 315 and the top surface and bottom surface of the rotating body. In the plurality of bearing portions, the cutter bit support fixing portion 313 is formed with a hole having a square cross section so that each fixing portion of the cutter bit support member 315 can be fitted therein, and each fixing portion of the cutter bit support member 315 and the bearing are formed. A bolt is fastened between the part. Thus, the roller bit C1 is configured to be replaceable.

The movable body driving device 4 is attached between the box 1 and the movable body 2 and drives the movable body 2 to slide in the front-rear direction within the box 1 . In this case, a pair of slide jacks is adopted for the movable body driving device 4 . The jack body 41 of each slide jack is fixed to the rear surface 105 of the box 1, that is, the top and bottom of the rear plate M141, and the tip of each operating rod 42 extended by a predetermined stroke length from each jack body 41 is the slide cylinder 21. , in this case, it is fixed to the upper and lower portions of the rear surface portion 22b of the rotation guide 22. As shown in FIG. By driving each jack body 41, each actuating rod 42 is contracted by a predetermined stroke length, so that the movable body 2 in the box 1 slides from the cutter bit mounting port M110 to the slide cylinder 21 in the box 1 to a predetermined length. A part of the cutter bit C protruding from the front surface 21a of the movable body 2 is retracted to a predetermined position behind the cutter bit mounting opening M110, that is, the cutter bit replacement position by a predetermined distance on the side of the cutter bit mounting opening M110. Only the distance attracts. In addition, each operating rod 42 is extended by a predetermined stroke length by driving each jack body 41 from the cutter bit replacement position behind the cutter bit mounting opening M110, which is retreated by a predetermined distance from the cutter bit mounting opening M110 in the box 1. By doing so, the movable body 2 in the box 1 is advanced by a predetermined distance due to the sliding of the slide cylinder 21 in the box 1, and the front part 21a of the movable body 2 reaches the cutter bit mounting opening M110, that is, the cutter bit cutting position. A part of the cutter bit C projected from the front surface portion 21a of the movable body 2 after being returned is projected from the cutter bit mounting opening M110 to the original predetermined projecting position. Here, the stroke length of each slide jack is 1.5 to 3 times the allowable wear amount in the case of the roller bit C1 (the allowable wear amount of the roller bit C1 varies depending on the conditions, but is approximately 20 mm to 30 mm). About twice as much is appropriate. But there are more. Since each slide jack is provided inside the box 1 in this way, substantially the entire slide cylinder 21 of the movable body 2 can be stored in the box 1, so that the outer diameter of the slide cylinder 21 can be reduced and the structure can be improved. It is easy and can reduce costs. The movable body drive device 4 can be changed to other existing device such as a hydraulic cylinder as long as the same forward/backward movement as that of the slide jack can be obtained.

The rotating body driving device 6 is arranged on each slide guide 12 of the box 1 and is operatively connected to each rotating shaft 312 of the rotating body 3 supported by each bearing 222 of the movable body 2, and is operated at the cutter bit replacement position. It drives the rotating body 3 . In this case, the rotating body driving device 6 is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, is constituted by a worm gear, is arranged on each slide guide 12 of the box 1, and is concentric with each rotating shaft 312 of the rotating body 3. The worm wheel 60 is mounted on the housing 1, and the top surface portion 21c and the bottom surface portion 21d of the slide cylinder 21 are installed in the slide guides 12 of the box 1 in close proximity to the bearings 222 of the top surface portion 21c and the bottom surface portion 21d. It consists of a motor-driven worm 61 meshed with a worm wheel 60 . The rotating body driving device 6 can be changed to other existing devices such as a combination of a lever and a jack instead of the worm gear as long as the rotating body 3 can be driven to rotate.

The lock mechanism L consists of a movable body lock device 5 that locks the sliding of the movable body 2 and a rotating body lock device 7 that locks the rotation of the rotating body 3. 2 and the rotating body 3 are locked.

As in the first embodiment, the movable body locking device 5 is positioned at a predetermined position within the sliding range of the movable body 2 inside the box 1 and at a predetermined position where the movable body 2 abuts on the cylindrical peripheral surface of the box 1. The lock hole of the box 1 formed through and the cutter bit cut formed at the position corresponding to the lock hole of the box 1 of the movable body 2 when the movable body 2 inside the box 1 is at the cutting position of the cutter bit. The lock hole of the movable body 2 at the position and the movable body 2 in the box 1 are at the cutter bit replacement position, and the movable body 2 is formed at the position corresponding to the lock hole of the box 1 at the cutter bit replacement position. 2 lock hole, and a lock hole of the movable body 2 located outside the box 1 concentrically with respect to the lock hole of the box 1 and at a cutter bit cutting position from the lock hole of the box 1 or a cutter bit replacement position. A lock shaft that can be inserted into the lock hole of the movable body 2 of the box 1 is installed concentrically or in the vicinity of the lock hole of the box 1 on the outside of the box 1, and the lock shaft is installed from the lock hole of the box 1 to the cutter It is composed of a lock shaft driving device which moves forward and backward so that it can be inserted into and removed from the lock hole of the movable body 2 at the bit cutting position or the lock hole of the movable body 2 at the cutter bit replacement position.

In this case, the lock hole of the box 1 is arranged in the box 1 with the movable body 2 at the cutter bit cutting position, and the sliding cylinder 21 of the movable body 2 is inserted into the top surface portion 101 and the bottom surface portion 102 of the box 1 . is drilled at a predetermined position near the rear end of the The lock hole of the movable body 2 at the cutter bit cutting position is closed by the top surface portion 21 c and the bottom surface portion 21 d of the slide cylinder 21 of the movable body 2 in a state where the movable body 2 is arranged at the cutter bit cutting position within the box body 1 . The lock holes of the movable body 2 at the cutter bit exchange position are drilled at predetermined positions on the rear end corresponding to the respective lock holes of the body 1. The movable body 2 in the box 1 is arranged at the cutter bit exchange position In this state, the top surface portion 21c and the bottom surface portion 21d of the slide cylinder 21 of the movable body 2 are drilled at positions corresponding to the respective lock holes of the box 1. As shown in FIG. A pair of slide jacks are adopted for the lock shaft and the lock shaft driving device, and the jack main body as the lock shaft driving device is provided outside the top surface portion 101 and the bottom surface portion 102 of the box 1 for each lock hole of the box 1. It is installed concentrically, and an operating rod as a locking shaft is arranged concentrically with each locking hole on the outside of the top part 101 and the bottom part 102 of the housing 1 . It should be noted that the movable body locking device 5 can be changed to other existing devices as long as the same locking operation as that of the slide jack can be obtained.

The rotating body lock device 7 includes each lock hole of the movable body 2 formed in the movable body 2 at the cutter bit cutting position within the slide guide 12 of the box 1, and the movable body 2 inside the box 1 at the cutter bit cutting position. The lock hole of the rotating body 2 at the cutter bit cutting position formed at the position corresponding to the lock hole of the movable body 2 of the rotating body 3, and the movable body 2 in the box 1 at the cutter bit exchange position, the rotating body 3 is rotated by the rotating body driving device 6 and the cutter bit C is directed toward the cutter bit replacement port 10, and the cutter bit replacement position is formed at a position corresponding to the lock hole of the movable body 2 of the rotating body 3. The lock hole of the rotating body 3 is arranged concentrically with the lock hole of the movable body 2 on the slide guide 12 of the box 1, and the lock hole of the rotating body 3 at the cutter bit cutting position from the lock hole of the movable body 2. Alternatively, a lock shaft that can be inserted into the lock hole of the rotating body 3 at the cutter bit replacement position, and a lock shaft that is installed concentrically or in the vicinity of the lock hole of the movable body 2 on the slide guide 12 of the box 1, It is composed of a lock shaft driving device which moves forward and backward so that it can be inserted into and removed from the lock hole of the movable body 2 into the lock hole of the rotary body 3 at the cutter bit cutting position or the lock hole of the rotary body 3 at the cutter bit replacement position.

In this case, each lock hole of the movable body 2 is opened by the top surface portion 21c and the bottom surface portion 21d of the slide cylinder 21 of the movable body 2 in a state where the movable body 2 is arranged at the cutting position of the cutter bit. 1 is drilled at a predetermined position on the front end side of each slide guide 12 . The lock hole of the rotating body 3 at the cutting position of the cutter bit is provided at the top surface portion 31c and the bottom surface portion 31d of the rotating body 3 in a state in which the movable body 2 is arranged at the cutting position of the cutter bit inside the box 1. It is drilled at a predetermined position corresponding to the lock hole. The lock hole of the rotating body 3 at the cutter bit replacement position is arranged at the top surface portion 31c and the bottom surface portion 31d of the rotating body 3 in a state in which the movable body 2 is arranged at the cutter bit replacement position inside the box 1. It is drilled at a predetermined position corresponding to the lock hole. A pair of slide jacks are adopted as the lock shaft and the lock shaft driving device, and the jack main body as the lock shaft driving device is placed on each slide guide 12 of the top surface portion 101 and the bottom surface portion 102 of the case 1 and each lock of the movable body 2. It is installed concentrically with respect to the hole, and an operating rod as a lock shaft is arranged concentrically with respect to each lock hole of the movable body 2 on each slide guide 12 of the top surface portion 101 and bottom surface portion 102 of the box 1. . It should be noted that this rotating body locking device 7 can be changed to other existing devices as long as the same locking operation as that of the slide jack can be obtained.

In this case, the rotating body locking device 7 is constructed by sharing a portion of the locking hole of the movable body locking device 5 and the slide jack.

Although not shown here, in this cutter bit exchanging device E2 as well, as in the first embodiment, it is arranged around the cutter bit mounting opening M110 of the front surface portion 21a of the rotating body 2 and/or the front plate M111. and an injection pipe for injecting and filling a fluid filler into a gap formed between the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 and the rotating guide 22 due to the rotation of the rotating body 3, and a cutter bit of the box 1. It is inserted in the vicinity of the replacement port 10 and/or in the lid 11 that opens and closes the cutter bit replacement port 10, and discharges the fluid filler from the gap formed between the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 and the rotation guide 22. A discharge/injection pipe for injecting and filling the fluid filler into the gap is also provided. A flowable filler may be injected and discharged into the resulting gap.

In this manner, a plurality of cutter bits C are attached to the cutter bit support fixing portion 313 of the rotating body 3 via the cutter bit support member 315 so that the cutting edge protrudes from the opening 310 of the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3. When cutting the cutting surface with these cutter bits C, the movable body 2 is slid to the cutter bit cutting position by the movable body drive device 4 in the box 1, and the lock mechanism L locks the movable body 2. , the cutter bit C is protruded from the cutter bit mounting opening M110 to a predetermined position. When replacing the cutter bit C, the movable body 2 is slid to the cutter bit replacement position by the movable body driving device 4 in the box 1, the movable body 2 is locked by the lock mechanism L, and at the cutter bit replacement position, The rotating body 3 is rotated by the rotating body driving device 6 to direct the cutter bit C toward the cutter bit replacement opening 10, and the cutter bit mounting opening 10 is blocked by the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 3, and the lock mechanism L is rotated. The moving body 3 is locked, and the cutter bit C is exchanged between the cutter bit mounting portion P and the cutter bit exchange work chamber S.

In this center bit, a cutter bit C is a roller bit C1 suitable for excavating soft rock to hard rock or boulder ground.
Although the state of the cutter bit exchanging device E2 is not particularly illustrated in the description here, the opening 210 of the front surface portion 21a of the movable body 2 is retracted by a predetermined distance from the cutter bit mounting opening M110 of the front plate M111. It is assumed that the movable body 2 is positioned at the cutter bit replacement position behind the cutter bit mounting opening M110, and the slide cylinder 21 of the movable body 2 is locked by the movable body lock device 5. FIG. Further, it is assumed that the opening 310 of the front surface 31a of the rotating body 3 faces the cutter bit exchange opening 10 of the housing 1, and the rotation of the rotating body 3 is locked by the rotating body locking device 7. FIG.

When attaching each roller bit C1 to the rotating body 3, first, remove the door 11 of the cutter bit exchange opening 10 of the box 1, and through this cutter bit exchange opening 10 and the cutter bit insertion openings 212 and 224 of the movable body 2, The roller bit C1 is attached to the cutter bit support fixing portion 313 of the opening 310 of the front portion 31a of the rotating body 3 via the cutter bit support member 315. As shown in FIG. In this case, as in Embodiment 1, each fixing portion of the cutter bit support member 315 that supports the roller bit C1 is fitted into each groove of the cutter bit support fixing portion 313 above and below the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3. A roller bit C1 is horizontally rotatably arranged in the opening 310 of the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 with a portion of the cutting edge protruding from the opening portion 310 of the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3. Subsequently, a bolt (not shown) is passed through each fixing portion of the cutter bit support member 315 and fastened to the bottom of each groove of the cutter bit support fixing portion 313 .

In this manner, each roller bit C1 is attached to the opening 310 of the front portion 31a of the rotating body 3. As shown in FIG. After attaching each roller bit C1, a lid 11 is attached to the cutter bit exchange opening 10 of the box 1 to close the cutter bit exchange opening 10.例文帳に追加

When cutting a cutting surface with this center bit, first, the lock of the rotating body lock device 7 between the movable body 2 and the rotating body 3 is unlocked (the rotating body cutter bit replacement port unlocking operation described above). Next, the rotating body driving device 6 is driven to direct the opening 310 of the front face portion 31a of the rotating body 3 to the cutter bit mounting opening M110 of the front plate M111 (rotating body normal rotation operation described above). Here, the rotation of the rotating body 3 is locked by the rotating body locking device 7 (the above-described rotating body cutter bit cutting position locking operation). Subsequently, the movable body lock device 5 between the box 1 and the movable body 2 is unlocked (movable body cutter bit replacement position unlocking operation described above). Then, by driving the movable body driving device 4 attached between the box 1 and the movable body 2, the movable body 2 (slide cylinder 21) is driven in the box 1 (movable body forward movement described above). ), the front portion 31a of the rotating body 3 is slid to the cutter bit cutting position, that is, to the cutter bit mounting opening M110 of the front plate M111. Here, the movable body locking device 5 between the box 1 and the movable body 2 is locked (movable body cutter bit cutting position locking operation described above). In this way, the cutter bit C (a part of the cutting edge) projects from the cutter bit mounting opening M110 of the front plate M111 through the opening 210 of the front surface 21a of the slide cylinder 21 and the opening 310 of the front surface 31a of the rotating body 3. protrude into position. Then, the shield machine M is excavated, and the tunnel face is excavated by the roller bit C1. The excavation reaction force at this time is supported by the movable body driving device 4 and the movable body locking device 5 . While the rock is being cut by these roller bits C1, cutting waste is continuously taken into the rotating body 3 through the opening 310 of the front face portion 31a of the rotating body 3 in the cutter bit mounting opening M110, and 314 and is agitated and mixed with the mud water sent by the mud-sending pipe 24 . This keeps the inside of the cutter chamber at a predetermined pressure. The cutting waste mixed with the muddy water is continuously discharged through the mud discharge pipe 23a.

When some of the roller bits C1 wear out and reach a critical wear amount during rock cutting with these roller bits C1, or when some of the roller bits C1 are damaged, the roller bits C1 are replaced. In this case, the excavation of the shield machine M is stopped, and first, the movable body locking device 5 between the box 1 and the movable body 2 is unlocked (movable body cutter bit cutting position unlocking operation described above). Then, by driving the movable body driving device 4 attached between the box 1 and the movable body 2, the movable body 2 (slide cylinder 21) is driven in the box 1 (the movable body retraction operation described above). ), the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 is slid to the cutter bit replacement position. Here, the movable body locking device 5 between the box 1 and the movable body 2 is locked (movable body cutter bit replacement position locking operation described above). Subsequently, the rotating body locking device 7 between the movable body 2 and the rotating body 3 is unlocked (the rotating body cutter bit cutting position unlocking operation described above). Subsequently, by driving the rotating body driving device 6, the rotating body 3 is driven within the rotating guide 22 of the movable body 2 (the above-described rotating body reverse rotation operation), and the opening 310 of the front face portion 31a of the rotating body 3 is moved. It is directed to the cutter bit exchange port 10 on one side portion 103 of the box 1 . As the rotating body 3 rotates, the opening 210 of the front surface 21a of the movable body 2 and the openings 211a and 211b of the rear surface 22b of the rotating guide 22 are blocked by the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 3. Here, the rotation of the rotating body 3 is locked by the rotating body locking device 7 (the above-described rotating body cutter bit replacement port locking operation). Then, the door 11 of the cutter bit replacement port 10 of the box 1 is removed, and the worn or damaged roller bit C1 is replaced with a new roller through the cutter bit replacement port 10 and the cutter bit insertion ports 212 and 224 of the movable body 2. Swap to bit C1. In this case, bolts (not shown) are removed from the bottom of each groove of the cutter support fixing portion 313 of the rotating body 3 and from each fixing portion of the cutter bit support member 315, and the cutter bit support member 315 supporting the worn or damaged roller bit C1 is removed. Each fixing part is removed from each groove of the cutter bit support fixing part 313 above and below the front part 31a of the rotating body 3, the worn or damaged roller bit C1 is removed from the opening 310 of the front part 31a of the rotating body 3, and the movable body 2 is removed. and the cutter bit exchange opening 10 of the box 1 into the cutter bit exchange work chamber S. Subsequently, from the cutter bit replacement work chamber S, the cutter bit support member 315 for supporting the new roller bit C1 is passed through the cutter bit replacement opening 10 of the box 1 and the cutter bit insertion openings 212 and 224 of the movable body 2. The fixed portions of the cutter bit support member 315 are fitted into the grooves of the upper and lower cutter bit support and fixed portions 313 on the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3, and a part of the cutting edge of the roller bit C1 is inserted into the opening of the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3. It protrudes from the portion 310 and is horizontally rotatably arranged in the opening 310 of the front portion 31a of the rotating body 3 . Then, a bolt (not shown) is passed through each fixing portion of the cutter bit support member 315 and fastened to the bottom of each groove of the cutter bit support fixing portion 313 of the rotating body 3 . The same applies to the cutter bit support fixing portion 313 of the bearing portion.

In this manner, a new roller bit C1 is attached to the opening 310 of the front surface 31a of the rotating body 3. As shown in FIG. In this manner, the cutter bit C1 of the same type can be replaced in the cutter bit replacement work chamber S inside the cutter head M1 (cutter spoke M11), which is accessible from the inside of the machine main body M0 under atmospheric pressure. After replacing the roller bit C1, a lid 11 is attached to the cutter bit replacement opening 10 of the box 1 to close the cutter bit replacement opening 10.例文帳に追加

Subsequently, the rotating body lock device 7 between the movable body 2 and the rotating body 3 is unlocked (the rotating body cutter bit exchange opening lock release operation described above), and the rotating body 3 is rotated by the rotating body driving device 6. Then, the opening 310 of the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 faces the cutter bit mounting opening M110 of the front plate M111. Here, the rotation of the rotating body 3 is locked by the rotating body locking device 7 (the above-described rotating body cutter bit cutting position locking operation). Subsequently, the movable body locking device 5 between the box 1 and the movable body 2 is unlocked (movable body cutter bit replacement position unlocking operation described above), and the box 1 and the movable body 2 are locked. By driving the attached movable body driving device 4, the movable body 2 (slide cylinder 21) is driven within the box 1 (movable body forward motion described above), and the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3 is moved to the cutter bit cutting position. That is, it is slid to the cutter bit mounting opening M110 of the front plate M111. Here, the movable body locking device 5 between the box 1 and the movable body 2 is locked (movable body cutter bit cutting position locking operation described above).

In this way, the cutter bit C (a part of the cutting edge) projects from the cutter bit mounting opening M110 of the front plate M111 through the opening 210 of the front surface 21a of the slide cylinder 21 and the opening 310 of the front surface 31a of the rotating body 3. Protrude to position. Then, the shield machine M is excavated, and the tunnel face is excavated by the roller bit C1. While the roller bit C1 is cutting the rock, the cutting waste is continuously taken into the rotating body 3 through the opening 310 on the front surface of the rotating body 3 in the cutter bit mounting opening M110, The mud is continuously discharged from the earth discharge port M14 of the box 1 through the mud discharge opening 311 and the mud discharge pipe 23a.

As described above, in this cutter bit exchanging device E2, the cutter bit C is attached to the cutter bit support fixing portion 313 of the rotating body 3 via the cutter bit support member 315 so that the cutting edge is inserted through the opening 310 of the front surface portion 31a of the rotating body 3. Install by protruding. When cutting the cutting surface with the cutter bit C, the front surface 21a of the slide cylinder 21 of the movable body 2 is arranged in the cutter bit mounting opening M110 in the box 1, and the opening 310 of the front surface 31a of the rotating body 3 and the slide The cutter bit C is protruded through the opening 210 of the front surface portion 21a of the cylinder 21 . When replacing the cutter bit C, the movable body driving device 4 is driven to retract the movable body 2 together with the rotating body 3 in the box 1, pull the cutter bit C toward the cutter bit mounting opening M110 side, and pull the rotating body. By unlocking the lock device 7, the rotating body 3 is unlocked in the rotating direction, and by rotating the rotating body 3 with the rotating body driving device 6, the cutter bit C is directed toward the cutter bit replacement opening 10, The opening 210 of the front surface 21a of the movable body 2 is blocked by the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 3, and the cutter bit C is exchanged between the cutter bit mounting part P and the cutter bit exchange work chamber S. By doing so, the cutter bit exchanging device E2 has a simple system (mechanism), and an operator can exchange the same type of cutter bits C in the cutter bit exchanging work chamber S under atmospheric pressure inside the cutter head M1. can be carried out in a short time with a small number of simple work procedures, and replacement of the cutter bit C can be facilitated even in a long-distance tunneling machine under high water pressure.

In the fourth embodiment, the rotation guide and the rotating body are substantially cylindrical. (the shape of the outer peripheral surface of a so-called abacus ball). By doing so, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

Further, in Embodiments 1 to 4, a slurry type shield machine was exemplified and the cutter bit replacement device applied to this slurry type shield machine was described, but this cutter bit replacement device is an earth pressure type shield machine. The present invention can be applied to other various tunnel excavators in the same manner, and can obtain the same effects as those of Embodiments 1 to 4 above.

M Muddy water type shield machine (tunnel excavator)
M0 Machine body M1 Cutter head M10 Rotating cylinder M11 Cutter spoke M110 Cutter bit mounting port M111 Front plate M12 Outer ring M120 Cutter bit mounting port M13 Ring M14 Drain port M14a Drain port (discharge port)
M141 Rear plate M15 Sludge feed port P Cutter bit mounting part C Cutter bit C1 Roller bit C2 Teeth bit S Cutter bit replacement work chamber E (E1, E2) Cutter bit replacement device 1 Box 10 Cutter bit replacement port 100 Front part 101 Top Surface part 102 Bottom part 103 Side part 104 Side part 105 Rear part 106 Opening 107 Tube 11 Lid 11a Main body 11b Flange 12 Slide guide 13 Rear slide guide 2 Movable body 21 Slide tube 21a Front part 21b Rear part 21c Top part 21d Bottom part 21e Side Portion 21f Side portion 210 Opening 211 Opening 211a Opening 211b Opening 212 Cutter bit insertion opening 22 Rotation guide 22b Rear surface portion 22c Side surface 221 Waste discharge opening 222 Bearing 223 Guide surface 224 Cutter bit insertion opening 23 Discarding tube 23a Discharge Mud pipe 24 Mud feed pipe 3 Rotating body 31a Front face 31b Rear face 31c Top face 31d Bottom face 310 Opening 311 Mud discharge opening 311a Mud feed opening 312 Rotating shaft 313 Cutter bit support fixing part 313b Groove 313A Bearing 313c Hole 314 Muck Passage Path 315 Cutter Bit Supporting Member 315a Supporting Part 315b Fixing Part 4 Movable Body Driving Device 41 Jack Main Body 42 Operating Rod 43 Fixing Bracket L Locking Mechanism 5 Movable Body Locking Device 501, 502, 503 Lock Hole 51 Lock Shaft (Operating Rod)
52 lock shaft drive (jack body)
6 rotating body driving device 60 worm wheel 61 worm 7 rotating body locking device 701, 702, 703 lock hole 71 lock shaft (operating rod)
71B Large shaft portion 71S Small shaft portion 72 Lock shaft driving device (jack main body)
8 seals 91, 92 piping 921 valve for opening and closing

Claims (6)

The front plate of the cutter head has a cutter bit mounting opening, and the rear plate has an unloading opening. and a cutter bit replacement work chamber defined on at least one side of the cutter bit mounting portion and communicated with the atmospheric pressure on the side of the tunnel excavator main body. A cutter bit changing device for a tunnel boring machine, which is installed in the cutter bit mounting portion and exchanges the cutter bit between the cutter bit mounting portion and the cutter bit changing work chamber,
A cutter bit replacement port is formed in a cylindrical shape between the cutter bit mounting port of the front plate and the rear plate, and communicates with the cutter bit replacement work chamber on one side of one side, and is opened and closed by a lid. a box that defines the cutter bit mounting portion, and has slide guides on the surface portion and the bottom surface portion that are capable of inserting respective bearings of the movable body to be described later and that can be slidably guided toward the rear;
It is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape having an opening in the front surface, an opening in the rear surface, and a cutter bit insertion opening on one side surface facing the cutter bit exchange opening of the box. A slide cylinder that abuts on the inner surface and is slidably arranged in the box; A generally cylindrical shape having a waste discharge opening facing the opening of the front surface of the slide cylinder along a virtual circumference in the slide cylinder that protrudes forward from the opening of the front surface of the slide cylinder to a predetermined range. and a rotation guide having bearings protruding above the slide guide of the box at mutually opposing positions of the slide cylinder on the central axis of the substantially cylindrical shape, and a rear surface portion in the slide cylinder On the side thereof, there is an earth unloading tube which is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape so as to be connected to the waste discharge opening of the rotating guide and is slidably inserted into the earth unloading opening of the rear plate, and slides into the box. a movable body that can be fitted and arranged;
The movable body is formed in a substantially hollow cylindrical shape having a flat top surface and a bottom surface so that the front surface can be arranged along the opening of the front surface of the slide cylinder so as to be fitted into the rotation guide of the movable body. At the center of the top surface portion and the bottom surface portion of the substantially cylindrical shape, the rotating shaft is fitted to each of the bearings of the rotating guide, and the cutter bit is mounted on the flat surface of the front surface portion of the substantially cylindrical shape. The cutter bit is supported and fixed between the top surface portion and the bottom surface portion by the front surface portion of the substantially cylindrical shape with an opening through which the cutting edge can be protruded and the waste can be taken in, a waste discharge opening on the rear surface portion. a rotating body, each having a cutter bit support fixing portion, which is fitted and disposed in the rotating guide via the rotating shaft so as to be rotatable;
A cutter bit cutting position and a cutter bit cutting position mounted between the box and the movable body so that the cutter bit can protrude the movable body in the box from the cutter bit mounting opening to a predetermined projecting position. a movable body driving device that slides between a cutter bit replacement position behind the position where the cutter bit can be rotated toward the cutter bit replacement opening;
A rotating body drive that is arranged on the slide guide of the box and is operatively connected to the rotating shaft of the rotating body that is supported by each bearing of the movable body and that drives the rotating body at the cutter bit replacement position. a device;
a lock mechanism that locks the movable body and the rotating body at the cutter bit cutting position and the cutter bit replacement position;
with
The cutter bit is attached to the cutter bit support fixing portion of the rotating body via a cutter bit support member so that the cutting edge protrudes from the opening of the front surface of the rotating body,
When cutting a cutting surface with the cutter bit, the movable body is slid in the box to the cutter bit cutting position by the movable body driving device, the movable body is locked by the locking mechanism, and the cutter bit is cut. project from the cutter bit mounting opening to a predetermined position,
When replacing the cutter bit, the movable body is slid to the cutter bit replacement position in the box by the movable body driving device, the lock mechanism locks the movable body, and the cutter bit is replaced at the cutter bit replacement position. The rotating body is rotated by the rotating body driving device to orient the cutter bit toward the cutter bit replacement opening, and the cutter bit mounting opening is blocked by the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body so that the lock mechanism locking the rotating body and exchanging the cutter bit between the cutter bit mounting portion and the cutter bit exchange work chamber;
A cutter bit changing device for a tunnel boring machine, characterized by: 2. The tunnel excavation according to claim 1, wherein the rotation guide on the front side of the inside of the slide cylinder of the movable body and the rotation body each have a substantially cylindrical shape or a substantially biconical truncated shape having a V-shaped cross section with an outer peripheral surface convex outward. Machine cutter bit changer. The lock mechanism includes a lock hole formed through a cylindrical peripheral surface of the box in a sliding range of the movable body in the box and a position where the movable body abuts, and a lock hole in the box. wherein the movable body is at the cutter bit cutting position, a lock hole of the movable body at the cutter bit cutting position formed at a position corresponding to the lock hole of the box in the movable body, and the movable body in the box is a cutter At the bit exchange position, a lock hole of the movable body at the cutter bit exchange position formed at a position corresponding to the lock hole of the box of the movable body, and a lock hole of the box on the outside of the box. a lock shaft that is concentrically arranged and can be inserted from the lock hole of the box into the lock hole of the movable body at the cutter bit cutting position or the lock hole of the movable body at the cutter bit replacement position; The lock shaft is installed concentrically or in the vicinity of the lock hole of the box, and the lock shaft extends from the lock hole of the box to the lock hole of the movable body at the cutter bit cutting position or the movable body at the cutter bit replacement position. 3. The cutter bit changing device for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a movable body locking device comprising a lock shaft driving device that advances and retreats so as to be insertable into and removable from the lock hole. The lock mechanism includes a lock hole formed in the movable body at the cutting position of the cutter bit within the slide guide of the box, and a lock hole of the movable body in the box at the cutting position of the cutter bit. A lock hole of a rotating body at a cutter bit cutting position formed at a position corresponding to the lock hole, and a cutter when the movable body in the box is at the cutter bit replacement position and the rotating body is rotated by a rotating body driving device. At a position where the bit is directed to the cutter bit exchange port, a lock hole of the rotary body at the cutter bit exchange position formed at a position corresponding to the lock hole of the movable body of the rotary body, and a slide guide of the box. A lock disposed concentrically with respect to the lock hole of the movable body and capable of being inserted from the lock hole of the movable body into the lock hole of the rotating body at the cutter bit cutting position or the lock hole of the rotating body at the cutter bit replacement position. A shaft is installed concentrically or in the vicinity of the lock hole of the movable body on the slide guide of the box, and locks the rotating body at the cutting position of the cutter bit through the lock hole of the movable body. 4. The cutter for a tunnel excavator according to claim 1, further comprising a rotating body locking device comprising a lock shaft driving device that is driven to advance and retract so that it can be inserted into and removed from the hole or the lock hole of the movable body at the cutter bit replacement position. Bit exchange device. The cutter bit support member comprises a support portion that rotatably or fixably supports the cutter bit, and a pair of block-shaped fixing portions formed at both ends of the support portion. a pair of grooves formed on the top surface and the bottom surface of the rotating body so that the fixed portions of the cutter bit support member can be fitted into the inner surface of the rotating body on the front side of the rotating shaft; 2. A bolt is fastened between each fixing portion of the supporting member and the rotating body, and the cutter bit supporting fixing portion of the rotating body is configured to be replaceable with the same type or different type of cutter bit. 5. A cutter bit changing device for a tunnel boring machine according to any one of 1 to 4. A fluid filler is placed around the cutter bit mounting opening in the front part of the rotating body and/or the front plate, and is formed between the front part of the rotating body and the rotation guide due to the rotation of the rotating body. Piping for injection filling, near the cutter bit exchange opening of the box and/or inserted in the lid for opening and closing the cutter bit exchange opening, and generated between the front surface of the rotating body and the rotation guide 6. The cutter bit changing device for a tunnel excavator according to claim 1, further comprising a pipe for discharging the fluid filler from the gap and filling the fluid filler into the gap.

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