JP2004092141A - Tunnel excavation machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tunnel boring machine which improves working efficiency and safety of a disc cutter exchanging work. <P>SOLUTION: A disc cutter housing room 41 and a cutter changing room 42 are provided in the cutter spoke 19 of a cutter head 18, and a rotating body 46 is fitted in the disc cutter housing room 41 so as to be freely rotatable by a hydraulic jack 57., and a disc cutter 23 is detachably fitted to the front part of the rotating body 46 and an earth discharging passage 53 piercing from the fitting opening 45 of the disc cutter 23 to the side of the cutter spoke 19 is formed at the side of the rotating body 46. Further, a water ejection nozzle 61 discharging earth stuck to the disc cutter 23 corresponding to the earth discharging passage 53. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator capable of replacing a disk cutter.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a general shield excavator, a disk-shaped cutter head that can be driven and rotated is rotatably mounted at the front of a cylindrical excavator body, and a number of disk cutters and cutter bits are attached to the cutter head. On the other hand, a large number of shield jacks for advancing the excavator body are mounted at the rear, and an erector device for mounting a segment on the inner wall surface of the existing tunnel is mounted. Therefore, when the shield jack is extended while rotating the cutter head, the excavator body moves forward with the excavation reaction force from the existing segment, and the disk cutter or cutter bit excavates the ground in front and forms a tunnel. Can be.
[0003]
In recent years, the length of tunnels has been increasing, and the disk cutter and the cutter bit mounted on the cutter head will be worn during tunnel excavation work. If the disk cutter or the cutter bit is worn, the excavation efficiency of the ground is reduced. Therefore, the excavation operation must be stopped and each worn cutter must be replaced. However, this cutter replacement work involves discharging muddy water and excavated earth and sand in the space including the chamber between the face and the bulkhead to the outside, supplying air to this space, and compressing the face to prevent collapse of the face. In a state in which the pressure is suppressed, the operator enters the compressed air space and replaces the disk cutter or the cutter bit.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in such cutter replacement work, the work time for discharging muddy water, excavated earth and sand, and pressurizing takes a long time, resulting in poor workability. In addition, even if the worker pressurizes the working space, there is a risk that the face will collapse due to an earthquake or the like, and it is desired to further secure worker safety.
[0005]
Therefore, the present applicant attaches a disk cutter to a rotating body as a Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-349128 "Tunnel excavator", rotatably mounts the rotating body to a spoke of a cutter head, and when the disk cutter is worn. In this patent application, the disk cutter is exchanged from the exchange chamber of the cutter head by rotating the rotating body so that the disk cutter is directed rearward. However, the cutter head crushes the bedrock by pressing the disk cutter against the face, and excavated earth and sand tends to adhere to the mounting portion of the disk cutter. Therefore, it becomes difficult to attach and detach the disc cutter worn by the excavated earth and sand attached to the mounting portion of the disc cutter.
[0006]
The present invention solves such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavator that improves workability and safety of a disk cutter replacement operation.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tunnel excavator having a tubular excavator body, a propulsion jack for advancing the excavator body, and a drive rotatable at a front portion of the excavator body. A cutter head mounted radially on the cutter head, a rotator mounted radially on the cutter head, a rotator rotatably mounted on a front portion of the cotter spoke with an axis intersecting the excavation direction, and a rotator. A rotating means for rotating the disk cutter by a predetermined angle, a disk cutter detachably mounted on the rotating body so as to protrude forward from the cutter head, and a sediment removing device for removing earth and sand attached to a mounting portion of the disk cutter. Means.
[0008]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the tunnel excavator, the sediment removing means has an injection nozzle for injecting water into a gap between the rotating body and the disk cutter.
[0009]
In the tunnel excavator according to the third aspect of the present invention, a sediment discharge passage penetrating from the mounting portion of the disk cutter to a side of the cut spoke is provided, and the injection nozzle is mounted on the cut spoke and passed through the sediment discharge passage. It is characterized by spraying water.
[0010]
In the tunnel excavator according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the earth and sand discharge passage is formed so as to penetrate from both sides of the cut-spoke from the mounting portion of the disc cutter, and the injection nozzle is provided corresponding to each of the earth and sand discharge passages. It is characterized by having been.
[0011]
In the tunnel excavator according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of the disk cutters are removably mounted on the cut-spoke along its longitudinal direction, and a plurality of the injection nozzles are provided corresponding to the plurality of disk cutters. A water supply means is provided in the excavator body, and a water supply pipe extending from the water supply means is branched and connected to each of the injection nozzles via an on-off valve.
[0012]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the tunnel excavator, a mounting hole is formed in the rotating body so as to penetrate a mounting portion of the disk cutter, and the injection nozzle is detachably mounted in the mounting hole.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0014]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross section of a tunnel excavator according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the tunnel excavator, FIG. 3 is a front view of a disk cutter, FIG. FIG. 5 schematically shows the operation of replacing the disk cutter.
[0015]
In the tunnel excavator of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an excavator main body 11 has a cylindrical front body 12 and a rear body 13 that are flexibly connected to each other. It is bendable. A rotary ring 16 is rotatably supported by a bearing 15 at a front portion of the front body 12, and a cutter head 18 is connected to the rotary ring 16 via a connection beam 17. The cutter head 18 has a plurality of radially provided cut-spokes 19, 20, 21 and a face plate 22, and a plurality of disk cutters 23, 24, 25 are respectively provided on the front surfaces of the cut-spokes 19, 20, 21. It is attached detachably. A number of cutter bits 26 are fixed to the sides of each of the cut spokes 19, 20, and 21, and a sediment intake opening 27 is formed in the face plate 22.
[0016]
A ring gear 28 is fixed to the rear part of the rotating ring 16, while a cutter turning motor 29 is attached to the excavator body 11, and a driving gear 30 of the cutter turning motor 29 is engaged with the ring gear 28. . Therefore, when the cutter swing motor 29 is driven to rotate the drive gear 30, the cutter head 18 can be rotated via the ring gear 28, the rotating ring 16, and the connecting beam 17.
[0017]
A bulkhead 31 is attached to the front of the front trunk 12 behind the cutter head 18, and a chamber 32 is formed between the cutter head 18 and the bulkhead 31. The upper end of the chamber 32 is open at the other end of a mud feed pipe 33 having one end extending outside the machine, and the lower part of the chamber 32 is provided with a mud discharge pipe 34 having one end extending outside the machine. The end is open. Further, a plurality of shield jacks (propulsion jacks) 35 are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction around the front portion of the rear trunk 13, and the shield jack 35 is extended rearward to press the spreader 36 against the existing segment S. Thus, the excavator body 11 can be moved forward by the reaction force. The rear trunk 13 is provided with an erector device 37 for assembling the segment S on the inner wall surface of the existing tunnel.
[0018]
By the way, in the tunnel excavator of the present embodiment, the disc cutter 23 mounted on the cutter spoke 19 of the cutter head 18 is replaceable from the excavator body 11 side. That is, when the disc cutter 23 is worn by excavating the tunnel for a predetermined length, or when the sheet cutter, the H-shaped steel pile, the reinforced concrete pile, or the like is damaged by contact with an obstacle, the worn or damaged disc cutter 23 is replaced with a new one. Excavation work can be continued in exchange for a new one.
[0019]
In the above-mentioned cutter head 18, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the cut-spoke 19 has a box-like shape radially arranged from the center of the cutter head 18, and a disk cutter storage chamber 41 is provided at the front. On the other hand, a cutter exchange chamber 42 is provided at the rear, and both chambers 41 and 42 can communicate with each other by a gate 40. A saddle 43 is fitted and fixed in the disk cutter storage chamber 41 of the cut-spoke 19 along the longitudinal direction. The saddle 43 is formed with an arc-shaped rotation support portion 44, A projecting opening 45 is formed in front of the portion 44. A rotating body 46 is fitted in the saddle 43, and an arc-shaped outer peripheral surface is supported by a rotation supporting portion 44 and is rotatable via a plurality of seal members 47.
[0020]
A mounting opening 48 is formed on the front side of the rotating body 46, the disc cutter 23 is accommodated in the mounting opening 48, and a cutout 50 is formed in each side wall 49 of the mounting opening 48. The support shaft 23a of the disk cutter 23 is located in the notch 50, and the locking piece 51 is fixed by the fixing bolt 52, so that the support shaft 23a is locked and the disk cutter 23 is supported by the rotating body 46. It will be. Therefore, the rotating body 46 has an axis O extending radially from the center of the cutter head 18. ₁ The disc cutter 23 is rotatably supported by the ₁ Axis O parallel to ₂ It is rotatably supported by. In the present embodiment, two disk cutters 23 are mounted on one rotating body 46, but one or three or more disk cutters 23 may be mounted on one rotating body 46.
[0021]
Further, the cutter head 18 is provided with a sediment discharge path 53 that takes in the earth and sand crushed or excavated by the disk cutter 23 into the chamber 32 through the earth and sand intake opening 27. That is, left and right earth and sand circulation holes 54 are formed in the rotating body 46 so as to penetrate laterally from the mounting opening 48, and each earth and sand circulation hole 54 is a earth and sand discharge opening formed on the side of the cut-spoke 19. It communicates with 55. Accordingly, the earth and sand discharge path 53 is constituted by the projecting opening 45 of the cut-spoke 19, the mounting opening 48 of the rotating body 46, the left and right earth and sand flow holes 54, and the left and right earth and sand discharge openings 55 of the cut-spoke 19. ing.
[0022]
The shaft O ₁ , A hydraulic jack 57 is mounted on the cutter spoke 19, a rack 59 is fixed to the drive rod 58, and the rack 59 meshes with the pinion 56. Therefore, by moving the rack 59 by expanding and contracting the hydraulic jack 57, the rotating body 46 can be rotated forward and reverse via the pinion 56. In this case, when the disk cutter 23 faces the front side, the protruding opening 45, the mounting opening 48, the earth and sand flow hole 54, and the earth and sand discharge opening 55 communicate with each other, and the rotary body 46 is rotated by 180 degrees by the hydraulic jack 57. When the disk cutter 23 faces rearward, the protruding opening 45 is shielded by the rotating body 46 and the earth and sand flow hole 54 is shut off.
[0023]
Further, the saddle 43 of the cut-spoke 19 is provided with a water jet nozzle 61 as a sediment removing means for removing excavated sediment attached to the mounting portion of the disk cutter 23 corresponding to the sediment discharge path 53. The water injection nozzles 61 are respectively mounted behind the left and right earth and sand discharge openings 55 formed on the respective sides of the cut-spoke 19, and are attached to the mounting openings 48 of the rotating body 46 through the left and right earth and sand flow holes 54. Water can be injected into the gap with the disk cutter 23.
[0024]
A plurality of water injection nozzles 61 are provided corresponding to the respective disk cutters 23 mounted on the cut-spokes 19, and the first water supply pipes 62 from the respective water injection nozzles 61 in the disk cutter storage chamber 41 are respectively connected to the cutter exchange chamber. Each of the first water supply pipes 62 is provided with a solenoid valve (opening / closing valve) 63 that can be opened and closed remotely and independently. The second water supply pipe 64 is piped in the cutter exchange chamber 42 along the longitudinal direction, and has one end branched and connected to each of the first water supply pipes 62, while the other end passes through the inside of the support cylinder 65 and is rotatable. A pipe is provided inside the excavator body 11 via a swivel joint 66 provided together with the joint 65, and is connected to a water supply pump 67 as a water supply means disposed inside the excavator body 11.
[0025]
Therefore, when the water supply pump 67 is driven, water is supplied into the cutter head 18 by the second water supply pipe 64, and by opening each solenoid valve 63, the left and right earth and sand discharge openings 55 from each water injection nozzle 61 and By injecting water into the gap between the mounting opening 48 of the rotating body 46 and the disc cutter 23 through the earth and sand flow hole 54, excavated earth and sand adhering to the gap can be removed.
[0026]
The rotating body 46 is fixed to the cut-spoke 19 by a fixing bolt (not shown) at a position where the disk cutter 23 faces the front side. Can be fixed to the cut spoke 19 with fixing bolts (not shown).
[0027]
Further, a communication passage (not shown) is provided between the front trunk 12 of the excavator body 11 and the cutter exchange chamber 42 of the cut-spoke 19, and the cutter exchange chamber 42 is substantially in an atmospheric pressure state similar to that of the excavator body 11. Has been maintained. Therefore, an operator can enter the cutter exchange chamber 42 from the excavator main body 11 through this communication passage and perform the exchange work of the disk cutter 23.
[0028]
Here, a tunnel excavation operation by the tunnel excavator configured as described above and an exchange operation of the disk cutter 23 will be described.
[0029]
To excavate and form a tunnel, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a plurality of shield jacks 35 are extended while the cutter head 18 is rotated by a cutter turning motor 29, and excavation is performed by a pressing force against the existing segment S. The machine body 11 is moved forward. Then, a large number of disk cutters 23, 24, 25 are pressed against the ground in front and crushed and excavated, and each cutter bit 26 excavates the ground, and excavated earth and sand is taken into the chamber 32 from the intake opening 27. , Together with the mud supplied from the mud feeding pipe 33, is discharged to the outside by the mud discharging pipe 34. At this time, the earth and sand crushed by the disk cutter 23 enters the mounting opening 48 of the rotating body 46 from the projecting opening 45 of the cut-spoke pork 19, passes through each earth and sand circulation hole 54, and is taken in from the earth and sand discharge opening 55. It is discharged to the opening 27 and taken into the chamber 32, so that the flowability of the crushed soil can be improved and the excavation efficiency can be improved.
[0030]
Then, one of the shield jacks 35 is operated in the contracting direction to form a space between the shield jack 35 and the existing segment S, and the new segment S is mounted in the space by the erector device 26. By repeating this operation, a tunnel of a predetermined length is excavated and formed.
[0031]
In the course of performing such a tunnel excavation operation, when the disk cutter 23 wears out due to a long-term tunnel excavation operation and the excavation efficiency is reduced, it is necessary to replace it with a new one. When performing the replacement work of the disk cutter 23, the turning of the cutter head 18 and the advance of the excavator body 11 are stopped, but the cutter head 18 is stopped at an angle at which the cutter spoke 19 is in a vertical state. In addition, the front jack 12 is retracted with respect to the rear body 13 by contracting the center folding jack 14 to form a space between each disk cutter 23 and the face.
[0032]
Further, if the excavated earth and sand adheres to the periphery of the disk cutter 23 to be replaced, it becomes difficult to remove the disk cutter 23 from the rotating body 46 and to attach a new disk cutter 23 to the rotating body 46. It is necessary to remove earth and sand adhering to the periphery of the disk cutter 23 in advance. That is, the water supply pump 67 in the excavator body 11 is driven to supply water into the cutter head 18 through the second water supply pipe 64, and the water is injected from each water injection nozzle 61 by opening the electromagnetic valve 63. . Then, the water is sprayed through the earth and sand discharge path 53 into the gap between the mounting opening 48 of the rotating body 46 and the disc cutter 23 to remove the excavated earth and sand adhering thereto. At this time, when replacing all the disk cutters 23 mounted on the cut-spokes 19, all the electromagnetic valves 63 are opened, water is injected from the respective water injection nozzles 61, and all the disk cutters 23 adhere to the disk cutters 23. Although the earth and sand are eliminated, when only the specific disk cutter 23 is to be replaced, the corresponding solenoid valve 63 is opened to inject water from the water injection nozzle 61, and only the earth and sand adhered to the disk cutter 23 that needs to be replaced. To eliminate.
[0033]
Then, when the soil attached to the disc cutter 23 to be replaced is removed, the operator in the excavator body 11 enters the cutter exchanging chamber 42 through the communication passage, and replaces the disc cutter 23 in order from the upper disc cutter 23. Go. In this case, the inside of the excavator body 11 is maintained substantially at atmospheric pressure by an air-conditioning device (not shown), while the cutter exchange chamber 42 is separated from the face side by the rotating body 46, and from the inside of the excavator body 11 to the communication passage. Is a communicating shielded space, which is in an atmospheric pressure state as in the excavator main body 11, so that an operator can work safely in the cutter exchange room 31.
[0034]
The operator can release the locking of the rotating body 46 to the saddle 43 and loosen the rotating body 46 by loosening a plurality of fixing bolts as shown in FIG. And Next, as shown in FIG. 5A, the hydraulic jack 57 is extended to move the rack 59, and the rotating body 46 is rotated together with the pinion 56 meshing with the rack 59. Then, as shown in FIG. 5B, when the rotating body 46 is rotated by 180 degrees, the disk cutter 23 that has been facing forward in the digging direction is now facing backward in the digging direction. In this case, a predetermined earth pressure is applied to the front of the cutter head 18 by mud sending or excavated soil so that the cutting face is stabilized, but the rotating body 46 is fitted to the saddle 43 and the sealing performance is maintained. Due to the rotation, the mud and excavated soil do not enter the cutter exchange chamber 42, and the safety of the worker is ensured.
[0035]
Then, with the disk cutter 23 to be replaced facing rearward, as shown in FIG. 5C, the gate 40 is opened to communicate the disk cutter storage chamber 41 with the cutter replacement chamber 42, and the fixing bolt 52 is loosened. Then, the locking piece 51 is removed, and the support of the disk cutter 23 on the rotating body 46 is released. Here, as shown in FIG. 5D, the operator pulls out the disk cutter 23 slightly forward, lifts the disk cutter 23 using a transport winch (not shown), and passes through the communication passage from the cutter exchange chamber 42. The new disc cutter 23 is connected to the transfer winch and transferred to the cutter exchange chamber 42 again. Then, the new disk cutter 23 is mounted on the rotating body 46, and the locking piece 51 is attached by the fixing bolt 52.
[0036]
Thereafter, the hydraulic jack 57 is contracted to move the rack 59 in the reverse direction, and the rotating body 46 is rotated 180 degrees in reverse with the pinion 56 meshing with the rack 59. Then, the disc cutter 23 is directed forward, and the rotating body 46 is fixed to the saddle 43 with fixing bolts. At this time, since the space portion is formed between the face and the face, the new disk cutter 23 can be easily fixed without contacting the face. When the upper disk cutter 23 is replaced in this way, the lower disk cutter 23 is replaced sequentially. When all or specific disk cutters 16 in one cut spoke 15 are replaced, the cutter head 14 is rotated by a predetermined angle, and the corresponding disk cutter 16 is replaced as needed.
[0037]
As described above, in the tunnel excavator of the present embodiment, the disk cutter storage chamber 41 and the cutter exchange chamber 42 are provided in the cutter spoke 19 of the cutter head 18, and the rotating body 46 is provided in the disk cutter storage chamber 41 by the hydraulic jack 57. The disk cutter 23 is removably mounted on the front of the rotating body 46, and penetrates through the mounting opening 45 of the disk cutter 23 to the side of the cutter spoke 19 on the side of the rotating body 46. And a water jet nozzle 61 for removing the soil attached to the disk cutter 23 corresponding to the soil discharge path 53.
[0038]
Therefore, before performing the replacement work of the disk cutter 23, water is sprayed from the water injection nozzle 61 through the earth and sand discharge path 53 to the gap between the mounting opening 48 of the rotating body 46 and the disk cutter 23, thereby adhering thereto. Excavated earth and sand can be removed, and the work of removing the disk cutter 23 from the rotating body 46 and the work of attaching a new disk cutter 23 to the rotating body 46 can be easily and safely performed in a short time.
[0039]
Also, during the excavation work, the earth and sand excavated by the disk cutter 23 enters the mounting opening 48 of the rotating body 46 from the projecting opening 45 of the cut-spoke 19 and passes through each earth and sand flow hole 54 from the earth and sand discharge opening 55. The excavated soil is discharged into the intake opening 27 and is taken into the chamber 32, so that the excavated sediment stays in the rotating body 46 and is properly discharged without being clogged, thereby improving the flowability of the crushed sediment. The disk cutter 23 can rotate reliably to excavate the ground, and the excavation efficiency can be improved.
[0040]
Further, when the disk cutter 23 is worn, the operator enters the cutter exchange chamber 42 from the excavator body 11 and performs the exchange work of the disk cutter 23 to discharge muddy water, excavated earth and sand, and pressurize. Work is not required, the work time can be shortened and the work cost can be reduced, and the worker does not need to go outside the machine such as in front of the cutter head 18 or the chamber 32, and the burden on the worker is reduced. And safety is improved. The rotatable member 46 having the disc cutter 23 supported on the saddle 43 of the cut-spoke 19 is rotatably supported via a seal member 47, so that even during excavation work or replacement of the disc cutter 23, Infiltration of muddy water or the like from the face side into the cutter exchange chamber 42 is reliably prevented, and the safety of work can be sufficiently ensured.
[0041]
Further, the rotating body 46 is provided on the cutter head 18 with an axis O extending radially from the center thereof. ₁ The disk cutter 23 is rotatably supported by the ₁ Axis O parallel to ₂ When the ground is excavated by the rotating cutter head 18, the disk cutter 23 is pressed against the ground and crushed, and the reaction force acts on the rotating body 46 via the support shaft 23a. The body 46 is the rotation axis O of the disk cutter 23. ₂ Same rotation axis O as ₁ Therefore, the reaction force in this direction is received, and the reaction force in other directions is reliably received by the saddle 43. Further, since the disk cutter 23 is positioned within the rotation locus of the rotating body 46, the disk cutter 23 can be easily replaced without sliding the disk cutter 23 with respect to the rotating body 46 when replacing the disk cutter 23. .
[0042]
In the first embodiment, the water jet nozzle 61 for removing the soil attached to the disk cutter 23 corresponding to the left and right earth and sand flow holes 54 and the earth and sand discharge opening 55 in the earth and sand discharge path 53 formed in the cut-spoke 19. However, the mounting position of the water injection nozzle 61 is not limited to this position. FIG. 7 shows a cross section of a main part of a cutter head in a tunnel excavator according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Note that members having the same functions as those described in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.
[0043]
In the tunnel excavator of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the rotating body 46 rotatably supported by the saddle 43 of the cut-spoke 19 includes left and right A pair of mounting holes 71 are formed, and a water jet nozzle 72 is mounted in each of the mounting holes 71. The water injection nozzle 72 is positioned opposite to the gap between the mounting opening 48 and the disk cutter 23, and is rotated by a locking mechanism (not shown) (for example, a fixing bolt, a spring-biased locking pin, or the like). The locking mechanism is fixed to the mounting hole 71 at 46 and can be removed by releasing the locking mechanism from the cutter exchange chamber 42 side as necessary. The first water supply pipe 62 described above is connected to the water injection nozzle 72.
[0044]
Therefore, when performing the replacement work of the disk cutter 23, the turning of the cutter head 18 and the advance of the excavator body 11 are stopped, and the cutter head 18 is stopped at an angle at which the cutter spoke 19 is in a vertical state. In this state, water is supplied to each water injection nozzle 72 through the first water supply pipe 62 by a water supply pump in the excavator body 11, and the mounting opening 48 of the rotating body 46 is passed through the water injection nozzle 72 through the earth and sand discharge path 53. And the disc cutter 23 is sprayed to remove excavated earth and sand adhering thereto.
[0045]
When the soil attached to the disk cutter 23 to be replaced is removed, the operator in the excavator body 11 enters the cutter replacement chamber 42 through the communication passage, and removes the water injection nozzle 72 from the mounting hole 71. Then, the disk cutters 23 are sequentially replaced by the same operation steps as described above.
[0046]
As described above, in the tunnel excavator of the second embodiment, mounting holes 71 penetrating the earth and sand discharge passage 53 are formed in the rotating body 46, and the water injection nozzles 72 are detachably mounted in the mounting holes 71. The water jet nozzle 72 is located opposite to the gap between the mounting opening 48 and the disk cutter 23. Therefore, when water is jetted from the water jet nozzle 72, the jetted water reaches the gap between the mounting opening 48 of the rotating body 46 and the disc cutter 23 through the earth and sand discharge path 53 without being disturbed by the surrounding members. As a result, the excavated earth and sand adhering thereto can be properly removed, and the work of removing the disk cutter 23 from the rotating body 46 and the work of attaching a new disk cutter 23 to the rotating body 46 can be easily performed in a short time. And can be performed safely.
[0047]
In the above-described embodiment, two water jet nozzles 61 and 72 are provided on both sides of the cut-spoke 19 as sediment removing means for removing sediment adhering to the periphery of the disk cutter 23, but may be one. In this case, it is desirable that the direction of the water injection nozzle can be changed by remote control. Further, although water is jetted from the water jet nozzles 61 and 72 to the peripheral portion of the disk cutter 23 through the earth and sand discharge passage 53, water may be jetted to the peripheral portion of the disk cutter 23 from the front side of the cutter spoke 19. Further, the sediment removing means is not limited to the water injection nozzles 61 and 72, but may be an injection nozzle that injects high-pressure air, a cleaning brush, or the like.
[0048]
Further, although the rotating means for rotating the disk cutter 23 together with the rotating body 46 is constituted by the pinion 56, the hydraulic jack 57 and the rack 59, a combination of a worm wheel, a worm gear, a drive motor and the like may be used. Further, the plurality of rotating bodies 46 of the cut-spoke 19 are sequentially rotated to exchange the disk cutters 23 one by one. However, all the rotating bodies 46 may be rotated at once by connecting the rotating bodies 46. . Furthermore, although the disk cutter 23 mounted on the cut-spokes 19 is replaceable, the disk cutters 24, 25 mounted on the cut-spokes 20, 21 may be replaceable.
[0049]
The tunnel excavator according to the present invention can be applied to a muddy or mud pressure shielded excavator or a tunnel boring machine.
[0050]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail in the embodiment, according to the tunnel excavator according to the first aspect of the present invention, the cutter head having the radial cut-spoke at the front portion of the excavator body is rotatably mounted on the cutter head, A rotating body is mounted to the front part of the rotating body so as to be rotatable by a predetermined angle by a rotating means, and a disk cutter is detachably mounted on the rotating body so as to protrude forward from the cutter head, and adheres to a mounting portion of the disk cutter. Before removing the disk cutter, the sediment removal means can remove the dirt attached to the periphery of the disk cutter, and remove the disk cutter or remove the new disk. The cutter mounting operation can be performed easily and safely in a short time, and the workability and safety of the disk cutter replacing operation are improved. Door can be.
[0051]
According to the tunnel excavator of the second aspect of the present invention, since the sediment removing means is an injection nozzle for injecting water into the gap between the rotating body and the disc cutter, the operator can easily go to the vicinity of the disc cutter. In addition, the earth and sand adhered to the peripheral portion of the disk cutter can be reliably removed, and the burden on the operator can be reduced, and the safety can be improved.
[0052]
According to the tunnel excavator according to the third aspect of the present invention, the earth and sand discharge passage penetrating from the mounting portion of the disk cutter to the side of the cut-spoke is provided, and the jet nozzle is mounted on the cut-spoke to inject water through the sand and discharge passage. As a result, the injection nozzle can be easily mounted without making significant design changes to the cut spokes and the rotating body, and the structure can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.
[0053]
According to the tunnel excavator of the fourth aspect of the present invention, the earth and sand discharge passage is formed to penetrate from both sides of the cut-spoke to the disk cutter mounting portion, and the injection nozzle is provided corresponding to the earth and sand discharge passage. Appropriate ground excavation and earth and sand discharge by the disk cutter can be performed, and water from the injection nozzle can be reliably injected to the periphery of the disk cutter to remove the attached earth and sand.
[0054]
According to the tunnel excavator of the invention of claim 5, a plurality of disk cutters are removably mounted on the cut-spoke along its longitudinal direction, and a plurality of injection nozzles are provided corresponding to the plurality of disk cutters. A water supply means is installed in the water supply pipe, and the water supply pipe extended from this water supply means is branched and connected to each injection nozzle via an on-off valve, so that the sediment attached to all the disk cutters attached to the cut-spoke is removed. In addition to this, it is possible to eliminate only the sediment attached to the specific disk cutter, and it is possible to improve the workability of the cutter replacement work.
[0055]
According to the tunnel excavator of the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the rotating body has the mounting hole penetrating through the mounting portion of the disk cutter, and the injection nozzle is detachably mounted in the mounting hole, the water is injected from the water injection nozzle. The water reaches the periphery of the disk cutter without being disturbed by the surrounding members, and the excavated earth and sand adhering thereto can be properly removed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a tunnel excavator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the tunnel excavator.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the disk cutter.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a replacement operation of a disk cutter.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a main part of a cutter head in a tunnel excavator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 Excavator body
14 Half-fold jack
18 cutter head
19 cutter spoke
23 Disk cutter
29 cutter rotation motor
35 Shield jack (propulsion jack)
37 Electa device
41 Disk cutter storage room
42 cutter exchange room
45 Projection opening
46 rotating body
48 Mounting opening
53 Sediment discharge path
54 Sediment circulation hole
55 Sediment discharge opening
56 pinion (rotating means)
57 Hydraulic jack (rotating means)
58 rack (rotating means)
61 Water injection nozzle (Sand removal means)
62 1st water pipe
63 solenoid valve (open / close valve)
64 2nd service pipe
65 rotary joint
66 Swivel joint
67 Water supply pump (water supply means)
71 Mounting hole
72 Water jet nozzle (means for removing earth and sand)

Claims (6)

An excavator body having a cylindrical shape, a propulsion jack for advancing the excavator body, a cutter head rotatably mounted on a front portion of the excavator body, and a cut-spoke mounted radially on the cutter head. A rotating body rotatably mounted on the front portion of the cut-spoke with an axis crossing the excavation direction, rotating means for rotating the rotating body by a predetermined angle, and protruding forward from the cutter head. A tunnel cutter having a disk cutter detachably mounted on the rotating body as described above, and earth and sand removing means for removing earth and sand attached to a mounting portion of the disk cutter. 2. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein the sediment removing unit has an injection nozzle that injects water into a gap between the rotating body and the disk cutter. 3. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein a sediment discharge passage penetrating from a mounting portion of the disc cutter to a side of the cut-spoke is provided, and the spray nozzle is mounted on the cut-spoke and injects water through the sediment discharge passage. Features a tunnel excavator. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the earth and sand discharge passage is formed so as to penetrate from both sides of the cut-spoke from the mounting portion of the disk cutter, and the injection nozzle is provided corresponding to each of the earth and sand discharge passages. Tunnel excavator. 3. The excavator body according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the disk cutters are detachably mounted on the cut-spoke along a longitudinal direction thereof, and a plurality of the injection nozzles are provided corresponding to the plurality of disk cutters. A tunnel excavator provided with a supply means, wherein a water supply pipe extending from the water supply means is branched and connected to each of the injection nozzles via an on-off valve. 3. The tunnel excavator according to claim 2, wherein a mounting hole penetrating through the mounting portion of the disk cutter is formed in the rotating body, and the spray nozzle is removably mounted in the mounting hole.

Images