JP2012132282A - Disk cutter exchanger and tunnel excavator including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a disk cutter exchanger capable of reducing costs by simplifying the exchanger and quickly and safely executing exchange work.SOLUTION: The disk cutter exchanger includes: a cylindrical guide part 31 disposed between front and rear wall parts of a cutter spoke 5 and provided with a cutter projection port 32, a cutter exchange port 33 and a first earth removal port 34; a drum 35 freely turnably equipped inside the guide part and provided with a cutter gateway 36 which can be selectively communicated with the cutter projection port and the cutter exchange port and a second earth removal port 37 which can be communicated to the first earth removal port; a cylindrical cutter support member 38 which communicates the cutter gateway and the second earth removal port inside the drum, supports a disk cutter 7 inside a cylindrical part movable forwards and backwards at the cutter gateway, and is energized in a backward movement direction at all times by a compression spring 41; a member 42 with a cam, which is fixed to the guide part to support the drum, and whose cam part 42c is put inside the drum and engaged with the cutter support member against the energizing force of the compression spring; and a jack 43 for turning the drum.

Description

  The present invention relates to a disk cutter exchanging device and a tunnel excavator provided with the exchanging device.

  An example of a tunnel excavator equipped with this type of disc cutter exchanging device is disclosed in Patent Document 1.

  This is a cylindrical excavator main body, a propulsion jack for advancing the excavator main body, and four from the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical support cylinder that is attached to the front portion of the excavator main body so as to be able to drive and rotate. A cutter head with radially extending cutter spokes, a disk cutter and a dummy cutter supported movably on the respective cutter porks, and a support cylinder and the cutter supported in a circumferentially rotatable manner within the support cylinder. A rotary cylinder having a communication port communicating with the spokes, a gate that can open and close the communication port of the rotary cylinder, and various rods that are installed in the rotary cylinder and connected to the disk cutter and the dummy cutter are repeatedly grasped. And a rod gripping device that can be pulled in and pushed out of the rotating cylinder.

  According to this, since the inside of the support cylinder of the cutter head is sealed with the rotary cylinder, it can be used as a cutter exchange chamber, and the rod gripping device can be compactly installed in the cutter exchange chamber. It is possible to easily replace the cutters attached to all cutter pork parts in a short time without the need for separate installation and removal work of the cutter exchange chamber. Therefore, the workability and safety of the cutter exchanging work can be improved and the reliability of the cutter excavation for the plural exchanging can be improved.

JP 2006-9413 A

  However, in the tunnel excavator provided with the disc cutter exchanging device disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above, in the disc cutter exchanging device, a rod gripping device is installed and a sealable cutter exchanging chamber or a rod is connected. This requires a large dummy cutter, which increases the cost and increases costs. When replacing the cutter, the rod gripping device repeatedly grabs the various rods connected to the disk cutter and dummy cutter (addition of split rods). Since the drawing and pushing out of the cutter exchange chamber is involved, there is a problem that the exchange work takes time.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a disk cutter exchanging apparatus that can reduce costs by simplifying the exchanging apparatus and that can perform a replacement operation quickly and safely, and a tunnel excavator equipped with the exchanging apparatus.

In order to achieve such an object, a disc cutter exchanging apparatus according to the present invention comprises:
A cylindrical guide portion that is installed between the front wall portion and the rear wall portion of the cutter pork, and has a cutter projection port, a cutter replacement port, and a first earth discharge port spaced apart in the circumferential direction;
A second earth discharging unit that is rotatably mounted in the guide portion and that can communicate with the cutter projecting port and the cutter exchanging port selectively on the peripheral surface and the first earth discharging port. A drum with a mouth,
In the drum, the cutter entrance and the second discharge port are communicated with each other, and the disc cutter is rotatably supported in a cylindrical portion that can be advanced and retracted at the cutter entrance and is always urged in the backward direction by the urging means. A cylindrical cutter support member,
It is fixed to the guide part and rotatably supports the drum, and its eccentric shaft part enters the drum and engages the cutter support member against the urging force of the urging means. A member with an eccentric shaft,
Drive means for rotating the drum;
It is provided with.

Also,
A packing for sealing between the exposed portion of the drum and the exposed portion of the drum is attached to the cutter projecting port.

Also,
The urging means is a compression spring interposed between the cutter support member and a cutter inlet / outlet of the drum.

Also,
The second discharge port of the drum has a cylindrical portion protruding inward, and the end portion on the second discharge port side of the cutter supporting member is slidably fitted in the cylindrical portion in the cylindrical axis direction. It is characterized by combining.

Also,
The eccentric shaft portion is a fixed cam, and on the lift circle surface thereof, the cutter support member is advanced to project the disc cutter from the cutter inlet / outlet of the drum, and when moving from the lift circle surface to the base circle surface, The cutter support member is set to be gradually retracted so that the disk cutter can be inserted from the cutter entrance of the drum.

In order to achieve such an object, a tunnel excavator equipped with a disk cutter exchanging device according to the present invention comprises:
Cutter head having a cylindrical excavator body, a propulsion jack for advancing the excavator body, and a plurality of cutter spokes mounted on the front portion of the excavator body so as to be driven to rotate. The disk cutter replacement device is mounted on each of the cut spokes.

  According to the disc cutter exchanging apparatus and the tunnel excavator provided with the exchanging apparatus according to the present invention, the disc cutter is made of the cutter pork by aligning the cutter entrance of the drum with the cutter projecting opening of the guide during normal excavation. The face can be excavated by projecting from the front wall, and the excavated earth and sand is cut from the inside of the cutter support member through the second discharge port of the drum and through the first discharge port of the guide portion. It is discharged smoothly backwards.

  On the other hand, when the cutter is replaced, the disc cutter can be replaced easily and more quickly than the cutter replacement port by aligning the drum cutter inlet / outlet with the cutter replacement port of the guide unit by rotating the drum. The cutter projection opening is closed by the exposed portion of the drum, and the intrusion of earth and sand into the cutter pork is prevented, so that the cutter can be exchanged safely in the cutter pork.

  In this way, the simple operation of rotating the drum allows the disk cutter to move forward and backward relative to the cutter projecting port and to move the cutter projecting port to the cutter replacing port. Therefore, the cost can be reduced by simplifying the exchanging device.

FIG. 7 is a plan sectional view of a disk cutter exchanging apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view corresponding to a section taken along line AA in FIG. It is a rear view of FIG. It is AA arrow sectional drawing of FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is an operational state diagram of FIG. 4. It is a schematic block diagram of an earth pressure type shield excavator.

  Hereinafter, a disk cutter exchanging apparatus according to the present invention and a tunnel excavator equipped with the exchanging apparatus will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a plan sectional view of a disk cutter exchanging apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 6, FIG. 2 is a rear view of FIG. 4 is a perspective view of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is an operational state diagram of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of an earth pressure shield excavator.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in the earth pressure type shield excavator (tunnel excavator) of this embodiment, the excavator main body has a cylindrical excavator main part 1 and a longitudinal direction (tunnel) in the excavator main part 1. And a cylindrical excavator sub-portion 2 that can be moved relative to each other in the longitudinal direction). The excavator main part 1 is further divided into a front excavator main part 1a and a rear excavator main part 1b in the front-rear direction.

  A cutter head 4 is rotatably mounted on a partition wall (bulk head) 3 of the front excavator main part 1a via a bearing or the like. A cutter spoke 5 is fixed in a radial pattern on the front surface of the cutter head 4, and a number of cutter bits 6 and a disk (roller) cutter 7 are attached to the cutter spoke 5, and the cutter head 4 extends in the radial direction of the cutter head 4. An appropriate number of copy cutters 9 are mounted so that they can be expanded and contracted (in and out) by the hydraulic jack 8. A ring gear 10 is fixed to the rear portion of the cutter head 4.

  On the other hand, a cutter turning motor 11 as a cutter head driving means is attached to the partition wall 3, and a drive gear 12 of the cutter turning motor 11 is engaged with the ring gear 10. Therefore, when the cutter turning motor 11 is operated to drive the drive gear 12 to rotate, the cutter head 4 is rotated via the ring gear 10. A rotary joint 13 is assembled at the center of the partition wall 3, and pressure oil is supplied and discharged from a hydraulic source (not shown) to the hydraulic jack 8 of the copy cutter 9 and the like via the rotary joint 13. It is like that. Further, an appropriate number of intermediate jacks 15 are disposed between the outer peripheral portion of the partition wall 3 and the ring-shaped reinforcing portion 14 provided at the front portion of the rear excavator main portion 1b.

  Inside the front excavator main part 1a and the rear excavator main part 1b, a screw conveyor 16 is disposed so as to penetrate the excavator sub part 2, and the earth and sand excavated by the cutter head 4 are moved to the rear of the tunnel. It is possible to discharge. That is, the front end portion (outlet) of the screw conveyor 16 passes through the lower portion of the partition wall 3 and opens into the chamber chamber 17 defined by the cutter head 4 and the partition wall 3, and the discharge port ( It is opened and closed by a gate 19 driven by a jack 18) on a belt conveyor (not shown) arranged in the longitudinal direction in the tunnel. The screw conveyor 16 is configured such that screw wings 16c are mounted in a cylindrical tube 16a disposed so as to incline rearward so as to be rotatable by a drive motor 16b.

  A large number of main propulsion jacks 20 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction between the ring-shaped reinforcing portion 14 of the rear excavator main portion 1b and the inner peripheral portion of the excavator sub-portion 2. . And in the outer peripheral part of the excavator sub-part 2, there is a sub-propulsion jack 22 that can expand and contract with respect to the existing segment S constructed (assembled) on the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel as a lining member in the circumferential direction. A large number of them are arranged at predetermined intervals.

  The rear end portion of the rear excavator main portion 1 b is fitted to the outer periphery of the existing segment S via a tail seal 23. Further, a support member (base) 24 is assembled to the rear part of the excavator sub-part 2, and an segment 25 that holds the assembled segment S in a perfect circle and an erector 25 that assembles the segment S on the support member 24. Equipped.

  Therefore, when excavating the tunnel, first, the cutter turning motor 11 is operated to rotate the cutter head 4 at the initial position where all the main propulsion jacks 20 and the sub propulsion jacks 22 are contracted together.

  Next, all the main propulsion jacks 20 are extended from the above state, and the excavator main part 1 is propelled (moved forward) by one stroke. At this time, the propulsion reaction force is received by the existing segment S via the excavator sub-part 2. As a result of this propulsion, a number of cutter bits 6 and disk cutters 7 mounted on the cutter head 4 excavate the ground in front. The excavated earth and sand are discharged from the chamber chamber 17 to the outside by the screw conveyor 16 or the like.

  Next, in a state where the rotation of the cutter head 4 is stopped (in some cases, it may not be stopped), all the sub-propulsion jacks 22 are extended while the main propulsion jacks 20 are contracted, and the excavator sub-part 2 is set to 1 Reset by pushing the stroke. Also in this case, the propulsion reaction force is received by the existing segment S. Thus, the main propulsion jack 20 can be propelled in the fully contracted state, and the sub propulsion jack 22 can be assembled in the segment S in the fully expanded state.

  Next, in a state where the cutter head 4 is rotated, all the main propulsion jacks 20 are extended to propel the excavator main part 1 and the sub propulsion jacks 22 are partially contracted in order to be segmented by the erector 25 and the segment adjuster 26. Assemble S and hold the perfect circle.

  Thereafter, a tunnel having a predetermined length is excavated and formed by repeating the above-described operation.

  By the way, during excavation of the tunnel, the disc cutter 7 and the like attached to the cutter head 4 (strictly, the cutter pork 5) are worn. Since the excavation efficiency of the ground decreases when the disc cutter 7 or the like is worn, the excavation operation must be stopped and the worn disc cutter 7 or the like must be replaced.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, a disc cutter exchanging device 30 is mounted on the cutter pork 5.

  That is, in the disc cutter exchanging device 30, the cylindrical guide portion 31 is installed between the front wall portion 5a and the rear wall portion 5b of the cutter pork 5. The guide portion 31 includes a cutter projection port 32, a cutter replacement port 33, and a first earth discharge port 34 that are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction, and the cutter projection port 32 is formed in an opening at the front wall portion 5a. At the same time, the first earth discharge port 34 is formed in a tubular shape, and the tip thereof is opened in the rear wall 5b. The cutter replacement port 33 is formed near the first discharge port 34 between the cutter projection port 32 and the first discharge port 34.

  A drum 35 is rotatably mounted on the guide portion 31. On the peripheral surface of the drum 35, a boss hole-shaped cutter inlet / outlet 36 that can selectively communicate with the cutter projection port 32 and the cutter replacement port 33, and a cylindrical shape that can communicate with the first earth discharge port 34. And the second discharge port 37 are formed on the same diameter line.

  A cylindrical cutter support member 38 is housed in the drum 35 so that the cutter inlet / outlet port 36 and the second earth discharge port 37 communicate with each other. The cutter support member 38 is formed by connecting a large-diameter cylindrical portion 38a with an outward flange and a small-diameter cylindrical portion 38b, and the large-diameter cylindrical portion 38a advances and retreats to and from the cutter inlet / outlet 36 (slids in the cylinder axis direction). The small-diameter cylindrical portion 38b is fitted into the second discharge port 37 so that it can be expanded and contracted (slidable in the cylindrical axis direction).

  The disk cutter 7 is pivotally supported in the large-diameter cylindrical portion 38a, and between the outward flange portion of the large-diameter cylindrical portion 38a and the cutter inlet / outlet 36 (the boss portion thereof) of the drum 35. A compression spring (biasing means) 41 is interposed to constantly urge the cutter support member 38 in the backward direction.

  A member with a cam (member with an eccentric shaft) 42 is fixed to the guide portion 31. The cam-equipped member (member with eccentric shaft) 42 enters the drum 35 and the pivot portion 42b that rotatably supports the mounting plate portion 42a to the guide portion 31 and the bearing portion 35a of the drum 35, as described above. A cam portion (eccentric shaft portion) 42c that is engaged with the rear surface of the large-diameter cylindrical portion 38a of the cutter support member 38 against the urging force of the compression spring 41 is integrally formed.

  The cam-equipped member 42 advances the cutter support member 38 so that the disc cutter 7 projects from the cutter inlet / outlet 36 of the drum 35 on the lift circle surface, and at the time of transition from the lift circle surface to the base circle surface, The cutter support member 38 is set to be gradually retracted so that the cutter 7 can be inserted from the cutter entrance 36 of the drum 35.

  A jack 43 is attached to the guide portion 31 horizontally (horizontal), and a rack 44 connected to the tip of the jack 43 meshes with a pinion gear 45 engraved on the outer periphery of the bearing portion 35a in the drum 35. (See FIGS. 2 and 3). The jack 43, the rack 44, and the pinion gear 45 constitute driving means for rotating the drum 35 within a predetermined angle range.

  In the figure, reference numeral 46 denotes a packing attached to the cutter protrusion 32, which seals between the exposed portion of the drum 35.

  Due to such a configuration, during normal excavation, the drum 35 is rotated in the clockwise direction in FIGS. 1 and 4 by the extension of the jack 43, and the cutter inlet / outlet 36 of the drum 35 is moved to the cutter protrusion of the guide portion 31. 32 (see the states of FIGS. 1 and 4).

  As a result, the disc cutter 7 protrudes from the front wall 5a (strictly speaking, the packing 46) of the cutter pork 5 and the ground can be excavated, and the excavated earth and sand are the large diameter cylindrical portion 38a and the small diameter cylindrical portion of the cutter support member 38. It is smoothly discharged from the inside of the portion 38 b to the chamber chamber 17 behind the cutter pork 5 through the first discharge port 34 of the guide portion 31 through the second discharge port 37 of the drum 35.

  On the other hand, when the cutter is replaced, the drum 35 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 1 due to the contraction of the jack 43 so that the cutter inlet / outlet 36 of the drum 35 is aligned with the cutter replacement port 33 of the guide portion 31 (see FIG. a) → See the state of FIG. 5B).

  Thereby, the new and old disc cutters 7 can be easily and quickly replaced in the cutter pork 5 by using a chain block (not shown) from the cutter replacement port 33, and the cutter projection port 32 of the guide portion 31 is provided with the packing 46. In addition, the drum 35 is blocked by the exposed portion of the drum 35, and the intrusion of earth and sand into the cutter pork 5 is prevented.

  Thus, the simple operation of rotating the drum 35 achieves the forward / backward movement of the disc cutter 7 with respect to the cutter projection port 32 and the movement of the cutter projection port 32 ⇔ the cutter exchange port 33. Simplification can reduce costs.

  In the present embodiment, only one disk cutter 7 to be mounted in the longitudinal direction of each cutter pork 5 is shown, but it goes without saying that the disk cutter exchanging device 30 is applied to all the disk cutters 7. Yes. In this case, the disc cutter exchanging device 30 may be provided individually for each disc cutter 7, or a plurality of cutter support members 38 are arranged in a drum 35 formed in a long cylindrical shape. The cutter exchanging device 30 may be provided so as to collect a plurality of disc cutters 7.

  The tunnel excavator according to the present invention is not limited to the earth pressure shield excavator but can also be applied to a mud pressure shield excavator, a mud shield excavator, a mechanical shield excavator, a tunnel boring machine (TBM), and the like. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Excavator main part 2 Excavator subpart 3 Bulkhead 4 Cutter head 5 Cutter pork 6 Cutter bit 7 Disc cutter 8 Hydraulic jack 9 Copy cutter 10 Ring gear 11 Cutter turning motor 12 Drive gear 13 Rotary joint 14 Ring-shaped reinforcement part 15 Folding jack 16 Screw conveyor 17 Chamber chamber 18 Jack 19 Gate 20 Main propulsion jack 22 Sub propulsion jack 23 Tail seal 24 Mount 25 Electa 26 Segment adjuster 30 Disc cutter exchanging device 31 Guide section 32 Cutter projecting port 33 Cutter exchanging port 34 Drain port 35 Drum 36 Cutter entry / exit 37 Second discharge port 38 Cutter support member 41 Compression spring 42 Cam member 43 Jack 44 Rack 45 Pinion gear 46 Packing S segment

Claims (6)

A cylindrical guide portion that is installed between the front wall portion and the rear wall portion of the cutter pork, and has a cutter projection port, a cutter replacement port, and a first earth discharge port spaced apart in the circumferential direction;
A second earth discharging unit that is rotatably mounted in the guide portion and that can communicate with the cutter projecting port and the cutter exchanging port selectively on the peripheral surface and the first earth discharging port. A drum with a mouth,
In the drum, the cutter entrance and the second discharge port are communicated with each other, and the disc cutter is rotatably supported in a cylindrical portion that can be advanced and retracted at the cutter entrance and is always urged in the backward direction by the urging means. A cylindrical cutter support member,
It is fixed to the guide part and rotatably supports the drum, and its eccentric shaft part enters the drum and engages the cutter support member against the urging force of the urging means. A member with an eccentric shaft,
Drive means for rotating the drum;
A disk cutter exchanging device characterized by comprising:   The disc cutter exchanging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a packing for sealing a gap between the exposed portion of the drum and the exposed portion of the drum is attached to the cutter projecting port.   3. The disc cutter exchanging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the urging means is a compression spring interposed between the cutter support member and a cutter inlet / outlet of the drum.   The second discharge port of the drum has a cylindrical portion protruding inward, and the end portion on the second discharge port side of the cutter supporting member is slidably fitted in the cylindrical portion in the cylindrical axis direction. The disc cutter exchanging apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that:   The eccentric shaft portion is a fixed cam, and on the lift circle surface thereof, the cutter support member is advanced to project the disc cutter from the cutter inlet / outlet of the drum, and when moving from the lift circle surface to the base circle surface, 5. The disc cutter exchanging apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the cutter support member is set to be gradually retracted so that the disc cutter enters and exits from the cutter entrance of the drum.   Cutter head having a cylindrical excavator body, a propulsion jack for advancing the excavator body, and a plurality of cutter spokes mounted on the front portion of the excavator body so as to be driven to rotate. A tunnel excavator comprising the disk cutter exchanging device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 mounted on each of the cut spokes.

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