JP6680957B2 - 交流スイッチならびにそれを備える無停電電源装置および瞬低補償装置 - Google Patents
交流スイッチならびにそれを備える無停電電源装置および瞬低補償装置 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
- H02M5/04—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
- H02M5/22—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M5/275—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M5/293—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/72—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices having more than two PN junctions; having more than three electrodes; having more than one electrode connected to the same conductivity region
- H03K17/725—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices having more than two PN junctions; having more than three electrodes; having more than one electrode connected to the same conductivity region for ac voltages or currents
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16566—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533
- G01R19/1659—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533 to indicate that the value is within or outside a predetermined range of values (window)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/12—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac
- G05F1/14—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using tap transformers or tap changing inductors as final control devices
- G05F1/16—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using tap transformers or tap changing inductors as final control devices combined with discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- G05F1/20—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using tap transformers or tap changing inductors as final control devices combined with discharge tubes or semiconductor devices semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/062—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/068—Electronic means for switching from one power supply to another power supply, e.g. to avoid parallel connection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
- H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
- H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
- H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/12—Modifications for increasing the maximum permissible switched current
- H03K17/125—Modifications for increasing the maximum permissible switched current in thyristor switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/14—Modifications for compensating variations of physical values, e.g. of temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/327—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection against abnormal temperatures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
- H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
- H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
- H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M5/4585—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having a rectifier with controlled elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
- H03K2217/0009—AC switches, i.e. delivering AC power to a load
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
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Description
図1は、この発明の実施の形態1に係る交流スイッチの概略構成図である。
制御装置6は、電流検出器5の検出値に応じて、サイリスタT1〜T4の導通および非導通を制御する。制御装置6は、主にCPU(Central Processing Unit)、メモリおよびインターフェイス回路などによって実現される。制御装置6は、上位の制御部(図示せず)から与えられる開閉指令に応答して、サイリスタTに印加するゲート信号Gを生成する。
上述の実施の形態1では、負荷電流Iの波高値が閾値Ioより大きくなる場合において、負荷電流Iを1周期ごとに、第1のサイリスタスイッチ4aと第2のサイリスタスイッチ4bとに交互に流す構成について説明したが、このような構成は負荷電流Iの波高値の大きさによらず採用することが可能である。
以下の実施の形態3および4では、実施の形態1および2に係る交流スイッチ1が適用され得る装置の代表例について説明する。
図11は、本発明の実施の形態4に係る瞬低補償装置の全体構成図である。図11を参照して、本実施の形態4に係る瞬低補償装置110は、交流電源2と負荷3との間に接続される。瞬低補償装置110は、交流電源2に瞬時電圧低下(瞬低)または瞬時停電が発生したときに、交流電源2と負荷3と瞬時に切り離すとともに、負荷3に対して無停電状態で電力を供給するように構成される。なお、瞬低とは、落雷などによる送電線事故を送電線保護リレーで除去するまでに発生する一時的な電圧低下である。
Claims (6)
- 交流電源と負荷との電気的接続および遮断を切り替えるための交流スイッチであって、
アノードが前記交流電源に接続され、カソードが前記負荷に接続される第1のサイリスタと、
前記第1のサイリスタと逆並列に接続される第2のサイリスタと、
アノードが前記交流電源に接続され、カソードが前記負荷に接続される第3のサイリスタと、
前記第3のサイリスタと逆並列に接続される第4のサイリスタと、
前記交流電源から前記負荷に供給される交流電流を検出する電流検出器と、
前記第1から第4のサイリスタの導通および非導通を制御する制御装置とを備え、
前記制御装置は、前記電流検出器の検出値に応じて、前記交流電流の1周期ごとに、前記第1のサイリスタおよび前記第3のサイリスタを交互に導通させ、かつ、前記第2のサイリスタおよび前記第4のサイリスタを交互に導通させる、交流スイッチ。 - 前記第1から第4のサイリスタは、第1から第4のゲート信号がそれぞれ印加された状態において、前記交流電流に応じてターンオンおよびターンオフするように構成され、
前記制御装置は、前記電流検出器の検出値の最小値が負の閾値より大きく、かつ、前記検出値の最大値が正の閾値より小さいときには、前記第1および第3のゲート信号を同時に印加し、かつ、第2および第4のゲート信号を同時に印加する一方で、
前記検出値の最小値が前記負の閾値より小さく、かつ、前記検出値の最大値が前記正の閾値より大きいときには、前記制御装置は、
前記電流検出器の検出値が前記負の閾値を超えて低下するごとに、前記第1のゲート信号および前記第3のゲート信号を交互に印加し、かつ、
前記電流検出器の検出値が前記正の閾値を超えて増加するごとに、前記第2のゲート信号および前記第4のゲート信号を交互に印加する、請求項1に記載の交流スイッチ。 - 前記電流検出器の検出値が前記負の閾値を超えて低下した時点から、前記交流電流の1周期よりも長い第1の時間が経過するまでの間に、該検出値が再び前記負の閾値を超えて低下しないときには、前記制御装置は、前記第1のゲート信号および前記第3のゲート信号を同時に印加し、
前記電流検出器の検出値が前記正の閾値を超えて増加した時点から前記第1の時間が経過するまでの間に、該検出値が再び前記正の閾値を超えて増加しないときには、前記制御装置は、前記第2のゲート信号および前記第4のゲート信号を同時に印加する、請求項2に記載の交流スイッチ。 - 前記第1から第4のサイリスタは、第1から第4のゲート信号がそれぞれ印加された状態において、前記交流電流に応じてターンオンおよびターンオフするように構成され、
前記制御装置は、
前記電流検出器の検出値の極性が正から負に切り替わった時点から、前記交流電流の1/2周期よりも短い第2の時間が経過するごとに、前記第1のゲート信号および前記第3のゲート信号を交互に印加し、
前記電流検出器の検出値の極性が負から正に切り替った時点から前記第2の時間が経過するごとに、前記第2のゲート信号および前記第4のゲート信号を交互に印加する、請求項1に記載の交流スイッチ。 - 変換器給電回路およびバイパス給電回路を切り替えて負荷に給電するための無停電電源装置であって、
前記変換器給電回路は、
交流電源の交流電力を直流電力に変換するコンバータと、
前記コンバータから出力される直流電力を交流電力に変換するインバータと、
前記インバータの交流出力端子と前記負荷との間に接続された開閉器と、
前記コンバータおよび前記インバータの間の直流回路に接続された蓄電装置とを含み、 前記バイパス給電回路は、前記交流電源と前記負荷との間に接続された交流スイッチを含み、
給電経路を前記変換器給電回路から前記バイパス給電回路に切り替える際に、前記交流スイッチを導通させるとともに前記開閉器を開放するように構成された制御装置と、
前記バイパス給電回路から前記負荷に供給される交流電流を検出する電流検出器とを備え、
前記交流スイッチは、
アノードが前記交流電源に接続され、カソードが前記負荷に接続される第1のサイリスタと、
前記交流電源および前記負荷の間に、前記第1のサイリスタと逆並列に接続される第2のサイリスタと、
アノードが前記交流電源に接続され、カソードが前記負荷に接続される第3のサイリスタと、
前記交流電源および前記負荷の間に、前記第3のサイリスタと逆並列に接続される第4のサイリスタとを含み、
前記バイパス給電回路から前記負荷に給電しているとき、前記制御装置は、前記電流検出器の検出値に応じて、前記交流電流の1周期ごとに、前記第1のサイリスタおよび前記第3のサイリスタを交互に導通させ、かつ、前記第2のサイリスタおよび前記第4のサイリスタを交互に導通させる、無停電電源装置。 - 交流電源の瞬時電圧低下または瞬時停電時に負荷に給電するための瞬低補償装置であって、
前記交流電源および前記負荷の間に接続された交流スイッチと、
蓄電装置と、
前記蓄電装置から出力される直流電力を交流電力に変換するインバータと、
前記交流電源の瞬時電圧低下または瞬時停電時に前記交流スイッチを非導通とし、給電経路を前記交流電源から前記インバータに切り替えるように構成された制御装置と、
前記交流電源の健全時に前記交流電源から前記負荷に供給される交流電流を検出する電流検出器とを備え、
前記交流スイッチは、
アノードが前記交流電源に接続され、カソードが前記負荷に接続される第1のサイリスタと、
前記交流電源および前記負荷の間に、前記第1のサイリスタと逆並列に接続される第2のサイリスタと、
アノードが前記交流電源に接続され、カソードが前記負荷に接続される第3のサイリスタと、
前記交流電源および前記負荷の間に、前記第3のサイリスタと逆並列に接続される第4のサイリスタとを含み、
前記交流電源の健全時、前記制御装置は、前記電流検出器の検出値に応じて、前記交流電流の1周期ごとに、前記第1のサイリスタおよび前記第3のサイリスタを交互に導通させ、かつ、前記第2のサイリスタおよび前記第4のサイリスタを交互に導通させる、瞬低補償装置。
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CN111580008B (zh) * | 2020-04-16 | 2021-04-27 | 华北电力大学 | 一种基于相位跳变下扰动功率分析的短路故障选线方法 |
CN111654034B (zh) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-08-24 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | 园区级电压暂降分层分级治理系统、方法及终端设备 |
KR102442582B1 (ko) * | 2021-03-02 | 2022-09-13 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | 선박 부하의 에너지 절감을 위한 공통 dc 멀티드라이브 시스템 및 동 시스템을 구비한 선박 |
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JP2023048702A (ja) * | 2021-09-28 | 2023-04-07 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 逆並列サイリスタの故障検出方法及び電力制御装置 |
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