JP6655615B2 - 充填部材を分布させるための構造体及び構造体の製造方法 - Google Patents
充填部材を分布させるための構造体及び構造体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Landscapes
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Description
・ ヤング率−約10Mpaを大きく上回るべきである
・ 降伏歪み−可能な限り高く、少なくとも1%、好ましくは10%を超えるべきである
・ 摩擦係数は、断熱材が圧縮されるときには摩擦は高いべきであり、また再ロフトが許容されるときには摩擦は低いべきであるという点で、理想的には異方性であるべきである(ダウンは、その3次構造を使用してこれを達成する)
・ 断熱材を湿気に耐性のあるものにするには、疎水性繊維が極めて好ましい
・ 表面の疎水性だけでなく、繊維は、全体的に湿気に耐性を有するべきであり、また、それらの機械的性質は、濡れたときに変化しないべきである
・ ヤーンが区画に充填されたときに、およそ30kg/m3以下の低い嵩密度。天然ダウンは、区画に充填されたときに、約10kg/m3である。およそ20〜30kg/m3のより重い断熱材が、本発明の範囲に含まれる特定の範囲のものである。(個々の充填されていないヤーンは平坦な構造の場合があり、また、そのようなヤーンは区画に充填されたときにある程度互いに貫通し合う場合があり、また、繊維ユニットがそれら自体でもつれるのを回避し得る十分に低い嵩高を有するので、そのようなヤーンの嵩密度は、それ自体では有意な数になり得ない。)
天然グースダウンのフィルパワーは、2つの重要な特徴、すなわち、暖かさ対重量比(warmth−to−weight ratio)、および圧縮性の指標であり、どちらの特徴も、暖かさの維持および快適性の提供に欠かせない。正確なフィルパワーは、1オンスのグースダウンを目盛付きのシリンダに入れて、ダウンが占める体積を立方インチで測定することによって測定される。本発明の主題の実施形態に従って作られた断熱性材料は、グースダウンに匹敵し、グースダウンと同様におよそ550から900フィルパワーを提供することが可能であると考えられる。
Claims (21)
- 構造体であって、
繊維の集塊を含む複数の個別要素であって、曲げやすいシート様の構造に配置される、複数の個別要素を備え、
前記個別要素が、前記シート様の構造を維持するために前記個別要素と係合してそれらを互いに対して所定の位置に不動化させる助けとなる長尺の第1の相互接続する繊維により、前記シート様の構造内で互いに関連付けられ、各個別要素に対して、前記第1の相互接続する繊維が、前記シート様の構造における前記個別要素を不動化させる助けとなるように十分に前記各個別要素の繊維と係合される、前記各個別要素に隣接する個別要素からの係合した繊維を含み、
構造体がさらに、
前記シート様の構造の個別要素に隣接する第1のシート材料であって、前記個別要素を支持する約0.5から約75デニールの繊維のテキスタイルで構成される不織のウェブまたはスクリムである、第1のシート材料を備え、
前記個別要素が、第2の相互接続する繊維を介して前記第1のシート材料と相互接続し、前記第2の相互接続する繊維のそれぞれが、個別要素から出ている第1の繊維部分と、前記第1のシート材料から出ている第2の繊維部分を含むことを特徴とする構造体。 - 請求項1に記載の構造体であって、前記第1または第2の相互接続する繊維が、溶融した繊維を含むことを特徴とする構造体。
- 請求項2に記載の構造体であって、前記集塊になる繊維が、2次構造を有する繊維を含む、構造体。
- 請求項2に記載の構造体であって、前記第1または第2の相互接続する繊維が、ポリエステルを含むことを特徴とする構造体。
- 請求項1に記載の構造体であって、前記第1のシート材料が、可溶性の繊維を含むことを特徴とする構造体。
- 請求項1に記載の構造体であって、前記第2の相互接続する繊維が、前記第1のシート材料から前記個別要素の配置内へ延在する複数の隣り合ったパイルを含み、前記パイルが、前記個別要素とブロッキング、交絡、および/または融合して、前記個別要素を前記第1のシート材料に対して所定の位置に不動化させる助けとなり、前記パイルが、前記個別要素を形成する前記繊維および前記第1のシート材料を形成する前記繊維と別個の構造であることを特徴とする構造体。
- 請求項6に記載の構造体であって、前記第1のシート材料の反対側の第2のシート材料をさらに含み、前記個別要素がそれらの間に配置されることを特徴とする構造体。
- 請求項7に記載の構造体であって、複数の相互接続する前記パイルのまたは異なる第2の複数の相互接続するパイルのうちの1つが、前記第2のシート材料から前記個別要素の配置内へ延在し、前記第2のシート材料から延在する相互接続する前記パイルが、前記個別要素の上の前記繊維とブロッキング、交絡、および/または融合して、それらを前記第1および第2のシート材料に対して所定の位置に不動化させる助けとなり、前記第2のシート材料から延在する前記パイルが、前記個別要素を形成する前記繊維および前記第2のシート材料を形成する前記繊維と別個の構造であることを特徴とする構造体。
- 請求項1に記載の構造体であって、前記第1のシート材料の反対側の第2のシート材料をさらに含み、前記個別要素がそれらの間に配置され、前記第1のシート材料は、一方の表面の特性が反対側の表面の特性と異なっており、前記特性が、通気性、断熱性、および耐摩耗性のうちの1つ以上に関して異なっており、前記第2のシート材料が、編まれたまたは織られたテキスタイル材料を含むことを特徴とする構造体。
- 請求項9に記載の構造体であって、複数のバッフル構造化され統合された区画を含み、前記第1のシート材料が、前記区画の第1の側上にあり、前記第2のシート材料が、前記区画の第2の反対の側上にあることを特徴とする構造体。
- 請求項10に記載の構造体であって、長尺の相互接続する繊維が、前記第1のシート材料の一部を形成する繊維と、前記個別要素の一部を形成する繊維とを含み、各タイプの構造からの前記繊維が、1つ以上の地点で互いに融合されることを特徴とする構造体。
- 曲げやすい第2のシート材料から離間されかつ対向した曲げやすい第1のシート材料であって、前記シート材料間のスペースが、緩い充填材料を受容するための空間を提供する、曲げやすい第1のシート材料と、
前記スペースの前記空間内に延在し、フィラメントを含む複数のパイルであって、
それぞれが、前記第1のシート材料または前記第2のシート材料のうちの1つに固定して関連付けられた第1の端部と固定されていない第2の端部とを含み前記第1のシート材料又は前記第2のシート材料から前記スペースの空間内へ突出する一のパイルと、
それぞれが、前記第1のシート材料又は前記第2のシート材料のうちの1つに固定して関連付けられた第1の端部と前記第2のシート材料もしくは前記第1のシート材料の他方に固定して関連付けられた第2の端部とを有する他のパイルと、を含み、
前記第1および第2のシート材料に対して垂直方向に配向されている複数のパイルと、
前記空間内で前記パイルの周りに配置される個別要素を含む緩い充填材料と、
を備え、
前記複数のパイルの少なくとも1つが前記充填材料を通って延在し前記充填材料と係合すること、
を特徴とする構造体。 - 請求項12に記載の構造体であって、前記第1のシート材料および/または前記第2のシート材料が、スクリムまたはタフタなどの軽量のファブリックを含むことを特徴とする構造体。
- 請求項1に記載の構造体であって、複数の前記構造体が、バッフル構造化された構造に一体に形成されることを特徴とする構造体。
- 請求項12に記載の構造体であって、前記パイルが、前記第1および第2のシート材料に対して垂直に配向されることを特徴とする構造体。
- 請求項1に記載の構造体であって、前記第1のシート材料に同一の広がりを有して結合された追加のテキスタイルの層または膜をさらに含むことを特徴とする構造体。
- 請求項16に記載の構造体であって、前記追加の層が、それが固着される前記層よりも重いテキスタイルを含むことを特徴とする構造体。
- 請求項1に記載の構造体であって、寝袋及び衣服であることを特徴とする構造体。
- 請求項1に記載の構造体であって、前記相互接続する繊維が、少なくともおよそ1DPFであることを特徴とする構造体。
- 構造体を製造する方法であって、
曲げやすいテキスタイルの第1のシート材料の第1の層を用意するステップであって、前記第1のシート材料が、約0.5から約75デニールの繊維のテキスタイルで構成される不織のウェブまたはスクリムであるステップと、
繊維の集塊を含む複数の個別要素を前記曲げやすい第1のシート材料の上に配置するステップであって、前記繊維の少なくとも一部が可溶性の繊維を含む、ステップと、
前記個別要素を前記第1のシート材料に対して不動化させる長尺の第1の相互接続する溶融した繊維により前記個別要素がシート様の構造において互いに関連付けられるように、前記可溶性の繊維を溶融させ、そして前記個別要素が、前記溶融の後でその全体的な体積的または位相的な形態の少なくとも50%を維持することを実現するステップと、を含み、
前記個別要素が、第2の相互接続する繊維を介して前記第1のシート材料と相互接続し、前記相互接続する繊維のそれぞれが、前記個別要素から出ている第1の繊維部分と、前記第1のシート材料から出ている第2の繊維部分とを含む
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項12に記載の構造体であって、前記パイルは、実質的に直線状であることを特徴とする構造体。
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