JP6655414B2 - 排気浄化システム - Google Patents
排気浄化システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP6655414B2 JP6655414B2 JP2016026154A JP2016026154A JP6655414B2 JP 6655414 B2 JP6655414 B2 JP 6655414B2 JP 2016026154 A JP2016026154 A JP 2016026154A JP 2016026154 A JP2016026154 A JP 2016026154A JP 6655414 B2 JP6655414 B2 JP 6655414B2
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- urea
- exhaust gas
- surfactant
- purification system
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 121
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 121
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 60
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 39
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 32
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 32
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 19
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanic acid Chemical compound OC#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9477—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2067—Urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
- F01N2610/1486—Means to prevent the substance from freezing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/18—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the system for adding a substance into the exhaust
- F01N2900/1806—Properties of reducing agent or dosing system
- F01N2900/1818—Concentration of the reducing agent
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Description
このとき、同時に生成するシアン酸(CHNO)は、以下の反応式に示すように、さらに加水分解され、アンモニアと二酸化炭素が発生する。
発生したアンモニアは、以下の反応式に示すように、SCR触媒22上でNOxの還元剤として作用し、NOxの還元反応を促進する。
一方、NOxの還元に寄与せずにSCR触媒22を通過したアンモニアは、以下の反応式に示すように、第2酸化触媒23により浄化される。
次に、本実施形態に係る尿素SCRシステムで用いられる尿素水溶液について説明する。尿素水溶液は、排気に含まれる窒素酸化物を還元する還元剤である尿素と、界面活性剤と、尿素および界面活性剤を溶解可能な溶媒である水とを含む溶液により構成されている。
本発明は上述の実施形態に限定されることなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲内で、以下のように種々変形可能である。また、上記各実施形態に開示された手段は、実施可能な範囲で適宜組み合わせてもよい。
4 タンク(貯留部)
11 排気流路
22 SCR触媒(触媒)
100 内燃機関(エネルギ変換部)
Claims (9)
- 窒素および酸素の存在下における燃料酸化に基づいてエネルギ変換し、窒素酸化物を含んだ排気を排出するエネルギ変換部(100)と、
前記排気に含まれる前記窒素酸化物を還元する還元用溶液を貯留する貯留部(4)と、
前記排気が流通する排気流路(11)に設けられるとともに、前記窒素酸化物の還元反応を促進する触媒(22)と、
前記貯留部から供給される前記還元用溶液を前記触媒に供給する供給部(3)とを備え、
前記還元用溶液は、前記排気に含まれる前記窒素酸化物を還元する還元剤と、界面活性剤と、前記還元剤および前記界面活性剤を溶解可能な溶媒とを含んでおり、
前記還元用溶液中における界面活性剤の含有量は、前記還元剤の含有量および前記溶媒の含有量のいずれよりも少ない排気浄化システム。 - 前記還元剤は尿素であり、前記溶媒は水であり、前記界面活性剤は、非イオン性の界面活性剤である請求項1に記載の排気浄化システム。
- 前記還元用溶液中における前記還元剤の濃度は、45%以下である請求項1ないし5のいずれか1つに記載の排気浄化システム。
- 前記還元用溶液中における前記還元剤の濃度は、32.5%以上である請求項1ないし6のいずれか1つに記載の排気浄化システム。
- 前記還元用溶液中における前記界面活性剤の濃度は、5%以下である請求項1ないし7のいずれか1つに記載の排気浄化システム。
- 前記還元用溶液中における前記界面活性剤の濃度は、0.1%以上である請求項1ないし8のいずれか1つに記載の排気浄化システム。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2016026154A JP6655414B2 (ja) | 2016-02-15 | 2016-02-15 | 排気浄化システム |
DE112017000846.8T DE112017000846T5 (de) | 2016-02-15 | 2017-01-13 | Abgasreinigungssystem |
PCT/JP2017/000937 WO2017141591A1 (ja) | 2016-02-15 | 2017-01-13 | 排気浄化システム |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2016026154A JP6655414B2 (ja) | 2016-02-15 | 2016-02-15 | 排気浄化システム |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2017145709A JP2017145709A (ja) | 2017-08-24 |
JP6655414B2 true JP6655414B2 (ja) | 2020-02-26 |
Family
ID=59625001
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2016026154A Active JP6655414B2 (ja) | 2016-02-15 | 2016-02-15 | 排気浄化システム |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP6655414B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112017000846T5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2017141591A1 (ja) |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000026834A (ja) * | 1998-07-13 | 2000-01-25 | Hino Motors Ltd | 内燃機関排出ガス浄化用還元剤組成物 |
WO2000030733A1 (en) * | 1998-11-23 | 2000-06-02 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Liquid urea exhaust gas treatment additive |
JP2002001066A (ja) * | 2000-06-20 | 2002-01-08 | Mitsui Chemicals Inc | 脱NOx用還元剤 |
JP2009035644A (ja) | 2007-08-02 | 2009-02-19 | Denso Corp | 尿素scrシステム用不凍尿素溶液および尿素scrシステム |
TWI551295B (zh) | 2008-04-18 | 2016-10-01 | 英特威特國際股份有限公司 | 防備胞內勞森菌(Lawsonia intracellularis)用疫苗 |
-
2016
- 2016-02-15 JP JP2016026154A patent/JP6655414B2/ja active Active
-
2017
- 2017-01-13 DE DE112017000846.8T patent/DE112017000846T5/de active Pending
- 2017-01-13 WO PCT/JP2017/000937 patent/WO2017141591A1/ja active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2017145709A (ja) | 2017-08-24 |
DE112017000846T5 (de) | 2018-10-31 |
WO2017141591A1 (ja) | 2017-08-24 |
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