JP6632521B2 - 層構造パネルの製造方法 - Google Patents
層構造パネルの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6632521B2 JP6632521B2 JP2016515450A JP2016515450A JP6632521B2 JP 6632521 B2 JP6632521 B2 JP 6632521B2 JP 2016515450 A JP2016515450 A JP 2016515450A JP 2016515450 A JP2016515450 A JP 2016515450A JP 6632521 B2 JP6632521 B2 JP 6632521B2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 121
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 99
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 99
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004021 metal welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
- B63B3/14—Hull parts
- B63B3/16—Shells
- B63B3/20—Shells of double type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
- B23K11/11—Spot welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
- B23K11/11—Spot welding
- B23K11/115—Spot welding by means of two electrodes placed opposite one another on both sides of the welded parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/16—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating taking account of the properties of the material to be welded
- B23K11/20—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating taking account of the properties of the material to be welded of different metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/011—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic all layers being formed of iron alloys or steels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/043—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B15/00—Superstructures, deckhouses, wheelhouses or the like; Arrangements or adaptations of masts or spars, e.g. bowsprits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
- B63B17/0081—Vibration isolation or damping elements or arrangements, e.g. elastic support of deck-houses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
- B63B3/14—Hull parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
- B63B3/14—Hull parts
- B63B3/68—Panellings; Linings, e.g. for insulating purposes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/292—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and sheet metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/12—Ships
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B5/00—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material
- B63B5/24—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of plastics
- B63B2005/242—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of plastics made of a composite of plastics and other structural materials, e.g. wood or metal
- B63B2005/245—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of plastics made of a composite of plastics and other structural materials, e.g. wood or metal made of a composite of plastics and metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
- E04B2001/8461—Solid slabs or blocks layered
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Resistance Welding (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
Description
‐前記の第1金属板と、防音層と、第2金属板と、を提供するステップであって、第2金属板には、局部的溶接継手が提供される位置で、溶接開口と以下称される開口が、設けられている、または設けられる、ステップ;
‐第1溶接電流接続が第1金属板および/または第2金属板に電気的に接続される、電気スタッド溶接または別の適切な溶接電流源を提供するステップであって、装置には、第2溶接電流接続に接続される、溶接ピン、または溶接ピンと以下称される溶接スタッドが、さらに備わっており、ピンは、溶接開口の断面よりも小さい断面を有する、ステップ;
‐それぞれの溶接開口に対してスタッド溶接動作を行うステップであって、溶接ピンは、溶接開口に挿入され、続いて下層の防音層に押し通され、第1金属板の金属表面に押し付けられ、溶接電流が、溶接ピンおよび第1金属板を流れるようになっており、それによって溶接ピンおよび第1金属板の金属をその溶接電流によって溶かして合わせ、そのスタッド溶接動作は、溶接ピンと溶接開口との間のスペースが、溶接ピンおよび第1および/または第2金属板の溶融金属で少なくとも大部分満たされるまで、続けられる、ステップ。
‐前記の第1金属板と、防音層と、第2金属板と、を提供するステップ、
‐電気スポット溶接装置を提供してそれぞれの局部的溶接継手に対してスポット溶接動作を行うステップであって、第1金属板と第2金属板とは、スポット溶接装置の第1および第2溶接電流接続と電気的に接続し、第1金属板と第2金属板とは、例えば少なくとも1つのスポット溶接電極または他のスポット加圧体を溶接継手の所定の位置で使用することによって、相互に電気接触するように、互いに向かって局部的に押され、金属シート間に局部的溶接電流が生じ、両方の金属板がその位置で共に溶接されるようになっている、ステップ。
‐前記の第1金属板1と、防音層3と、第2金属板2と、を提供することであって、第2金属板には、局部的溶接継手が固定される位置で、溶接開口4と以下称される開口が、(先立って)設けられている、または(後に)設けられる(図1a‐b)。溶接開口4は、金属板1および2の両方を一つにまとめる前に、または、図1a‐bで示されているように、板を組み合わせた後に、設けられる。
‐第1電流接続(通常はアース接続5)が第1金属板1および/または第2金属板2に電気的に接続される、電気スタッド溶接装置(図示せず)を提供すること(図1c)。
‐溶接開口4の断面より小さい断面を有する金属溶接ピン7を提供すること(図1c)。
‐それぞれの溶接開口4に対してスタッド溶接動作を行うことであって、溶接ピン7の自由外端7a(下方外端)は、溶接開口に挿入され、その後、下層の防音層3に押し通され、第1金属板1の金属表面に押し付けられる(図1d)。溶接ピン7に引火点7bを設けることが必要かもしれないが、しかしながら、特に防音層は粘性を有するので、この特徴は本質的でない。溶接ピン7は、電気溶接装置の第2溶接電流接続6に電気的に接続され、スタッド溶接装置の起動後に、スタッド溶接装置が溶接電流を供給し、溶接電流が溶接ピン7および第1金属板1を流れるようになっている。結果として、溶接電流は、溶接ピン7のおよび第1金属板1の金属の溶融をもたらし、この溶融金属は、最初は溶接ピン7の外端と第1金属板の(上)表面との間の領域8で合わさる(図1e)。
‐溶接電流と溶接ピン7への圧力(下向き矢印参照)とによってもたらされる‐スタッド溶接動作の継続‐それによって溶接ピン7と溶接開口4との間の(サイド)スペース9も、溶接ピン7からのならびに第1および第2金属板からの溶融金属10で充填される(図1f‐g)。
‐最後に、溶接電流がオフに切り替えられると、‐必要ならば‐溶接ピン7の上面を平らにまたは水平にできる(図1h)。
‐第1金属板1と、防音層3と、第2金属板2と、を提供すること(図2a,2d,3a‐3d)。
‐電気スポット溶接装置(明示せず)を提供してそれぞれの局部的溶接継手に対してスポット溶接動作を行うことであって、第1および第2金属板1および2それぞれは、;溶接接続の所定の望ましい位置で単一のスポット溶接電極11を使用することによって(図2bおよび3b‐c)、スポット溶接装置の第1および第2溶接電流接続XおよびYそれぞれと電気的に接続する。スポット溶接を作るためにスポット溶接電極11(溶接電流接続Y)を使用するときに、例えば、平らな導電性底表面12が、スポット溶接装置の電流源の第2電流接続(溶接電流接続X)として機能する。2つのスポット溶接電極11および13(図2e‐fおよび3e‐f)を使用するとき、2つのスポット溶接電極11,13は、電流源の接続XおよびYにそれぞれ接続される。両方の場合(1つおよび2つのスポット溶接電極を使用することによる)において、第1および第2金属板1および2それぞれは、相互に電気接触するように、互いに向かって局部的に押され(矢印参照)、金属シート間に局部的溶接電流が生じるようなっており、両方の金属板がその位置で共に溶接される(図2c,2f,3c‐3f)。
Claims (6)
- 層構造パネルを製造する方法であって、層構造パネルは、第1金属板(1)と、第2金属板(2)と、その間に介在する防音層(3)と、を備え、第1金属板と第2金属板とは、複数の局部的溶接継手によって互いに接続され、複数の局部的溶接継手は、層構造パネルにわたって分布し、防音層の領域に広がり、
スタッド溶接によって局部的溶接継手が形成され、前記方法は、
‐前記第1金属板(1)と、第2金属板(2)と、防音層(3)と、を提供するステップであって、第2金属板には、局部的溶接継手が実現される位置で、溶接開口(4)と以下称される開口が、設けられている、または設けられる、ステップと;
‐第1溶接電流接続(5)が第1金属板および/または第2金属板に電気的に接続される、電気スタッド溶接装置または別の適切な溶接電流源を提供するステップであって、装置には、第2溶接電流接続(6)に接続される、溶接ピン(7)、または溶接ピンと以下称される溶接スタッドが、さらに備わっており、ピンは、溶接開口(4)の断面よりも小さい断面を有する、ステップと;
‐それぞれの溶接開口に対してスタッド溶接動作を行うステップであって、溶接ピンは、溶接開口に挿入され、続いて下層の防音層に押し通され、第1金属板の金属表面に押し付けられ、溶接電流が、溶接ピンおよび第1金属板を流れるようになっており、それによって溶接ピンおよび第1金属板の金属をその溶接電流によって溶かして合わせ、そのスタッド溶接動作は、溶接ピンと溶接開口との間のスペース(9)が溶接ピンおよび第1および/または第2金属板の溶融金属(10)で満たされるまで、続けられる、ステップと、
を含む方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、防音層は、粘弾性特性を備える、方法。
- 請求項1または2に記載の方法であって、溶接開口は、第1および第2金属板と介在する防音層を組み合わせるのに先立って、第2金属板にあらかじめ設けられている、方法。
- 請求項1または2に記載の方法であって、溶接開口は、第1および第2金属板と介在する防音層を組み合わせた後に、第2金属板に設けられる、方法。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法であって、2つの金属板の外縁は、全体的にまた
は部分的に、共に溶接される(15)、方法。 - 請求項1〜5のいずれか1つに記載の方法によって製造された層構造パネル。
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NL1040411 | 2013-09-26 | ||
NL1040411A NL1040411C2 (nl) | 2013-09-26 | 2013-09-26 | Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een laminaire constructieplaat. |
PCT/NL2014/000031 WO2015047081A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2014-09-17 | Method for manufacturing a laminar construction panel |
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PL (1) | PL3049319T3 (ja) |
PT (1) | PT3049319T (ja) |
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SI (1) | SI3049319T1 (ja) |
TR (1) | TR201809298T4 (ja) |
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WO2017186285A1 (de) | 2016-04-27 | 2017-11-02 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Mehrschichtbauteil und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
US10611125B2 (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2020-04-07 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method for joining dissimilar metals and articles comprising the same |
WO2019072381A1 (de) * | 2017-10-10 | 2019-04-18 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung einer unlösbaren verbindung zwischen einem ersten und einem zweiten werkstück, konstruktion und verwendung |
DE102019106160A1 (de) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-09-17 | Böllhoff Verbindungstechnik GmbH | Verbindungsverfahren für mindestens zwei bauteile, eine damit erzielte fügeverbindung sowie eine fügevorrichtung für das genannte verbindungsverfahren |
CN110933896A (zh) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-03-27 | 苏州朗威电子机械股份有限公司 | 一种强度高的服务器机柜面板结构 |
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PL3049319T3 (pl) | 2018-09-28 |
WO2015047081A1 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
MX2016003505A (es) | 2017-01-06 |
CY1121088T1 (el) | 2019-12-11 |
AU2014328861B2 (en) | 2018-05-17 |
KR20160064156A (ko) | 2016-06-07 |
RU2016107609A (ru) | 2017-10-31 |
EP3049319B1 (en) | 2018-04-04 |
RU2659316C2 (ru) | 2018-06-29 |
US20160221643A1 (en) | 2016-08-04 |
HRP20180978T1 (hr) | 2018-10-19 |
HUE038368T2 (hu) | 2018-10-29 |
PT3049319T (pt) | 2018-07-06 |
BR112016006663A2 (pt) | 2020-04-28 |
RU2016107609A3 (ja) | 2018-03-12 |
CN105579340B (zh) | 2018-04-13 |
ZA201602689B (en) | 2017-06-28 |
AU2014328861A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 |
JP2016533265A (ja) | 2016-10-27 |
CA2922953A1 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
JP2020022997A (ja) | 2020-02-13 |
TR201809298T4 (tr) | 2018-07-23 |
NL1040411C2 (nl) | 2015-03-30 |
SI3049319T1 (sl) | 2018-10-30 |
CN105579340A (zh) | 2016-05-11 |
DK3049319T3 (en) | 2018-07-16 |
US10494058B2 (en) | 2019-12-03 |
EP3049319A1 (en) | 2016-08-03 |
ES2675374T3 (es) | 2018-07-10 |
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