JP6616030B2 - 魚油のコレステロール - Google Patents
魚油のコレステロール Download PDFInfo
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- JP6616030B2 JP6616030B2 JP2019024523A JP2019024523A JP6616030B2 JP 6616030 B2 JP6616030 B2 JP 6616030B2 JP 2019024523 A JP2019024523 A JP 2019024523A JP 2019024523 A JP2019024523 A JP 2019024523A JP 6616030 B2 JP6616030 B2 JP 6616030B2
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- Prior art keywords
- cholesterol
- fish oil
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- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 title claims description 140
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 70
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 59
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000526 short-path distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- -1 C22 fatty acid Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 46
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 45
- MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCC(O)=O MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N 0.000 description 20
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 241001454694 Clupeiformes Species 0.000 description 16
- 235000019513 anchovy Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 13
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 235000020673 eicosapentaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N eicosapentaenoic acid Natural products CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229960005135 eicosapentaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 12
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 12
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 235000020669 docosahexaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 241001125048 Sardina Species 0.000 description 10
- 229940090949 docosahexaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 235000019512 sardine Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940013317 fish oils Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000199 molecular distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (6E,10E,14E,18E)-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaene Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BHEOSNUKNHRBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetramethylsqualene Natural products CC(=C)C(C)CCC(=C)C(C)CCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC(C)C(=C)CCC(C)C(C)=C BHEOSNUKNHRBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloheptane Chemical compound C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecahydrosqualene Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003071 polychlorinated biphenyls Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940031439 squalene Drugs 0.000 description 2
- TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N squalene Natural products CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC=C(/C)CCC=C(/C)CC=C(C)C)C)C)C TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- MECHNRXZTMCUDQ-RKHKHRCZSA-N vitamin D2 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)/C=C/[C@H](C)C(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C MECHNRXZTMCUDQ-RKHKHRCZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010698 whale oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical group [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DVSZKTAMJJTWFG-SKCDLICFSA-N (2e,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e)-docosa-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaenoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C(O)=O DVSZKTAMJJTWFG-SKCDLICFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHDAKFFMKLQPTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-3-phenoxybenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 AHDAKFFMKLQPTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGBQILNBLMPPDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran Chemical compound O1C2=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2C2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 OGBQILNBLMPPDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZJLLYHBALOKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-Ketone, O18-Me-Ussuriedine Natural products CC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCC(O)=O GZJLLYHBALOKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000273930 Brevoortia tyrannus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000252203 Clupea harengus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 description 1
- YVGGHNCTFXOJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N DDT Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 YVGGHNCTFXOJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004166 Lanolin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000736029 Ruvettus pretiosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000785681 Sander vitreus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001504592 Trachurus trachurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000693 bioaccumulation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036983 biotransformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012716 cod liver oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003026 cod liver oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycerol Chemical class OCC(O)COCC(O)CO GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KAUVQQXNCKESLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) Natural products COC(=O)C(C)NOCC1=CC=CC=C1 KAUVQQXNCKESLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012259 ether extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019514 herring Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940106134 krill oil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012454 non-polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFBOHOGPQUYFRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 NFBOHOGPQUYFRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940119224 salmon oil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000278 spinal cord Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010972 statistical evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/10—Vacuum distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/02—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping in boilers or stills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/04—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping pipe stills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/06—Flash distillation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
- C07C7/04—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J9/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of more than two carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, coprostane
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J9/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of more than two carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, coprostane
- C07J9/005—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of more than two carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, coprostane containing a carboxylic function directly attached or attached by a chain containing only carbon atoms to the cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/12—Refining fats or fatty oils by distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C1/00—Preparation of fatty acids from fats, fatty oils, or waxes; Refining the fatty acids
- C11C1/02—Preparation of fatty acids from fats, fatty oils, or waxes; Refining the fatty acids from fats or fatty oils
- C11C1/025—Preparation of fatty acids from fats, fatty oils, or waxes; Refining the fatty acids from fats or fatty oils by saponification and release of fatty acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C1/00—Preparation of fatty acids from fats, fatty oils, or waxes; Refining the fatty acids
- C11C1/08—Refining
- C11C1/10—Refining by distillation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/74—Recovery of fats, fatty oils, fatty acids or other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin or waxes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)
Description
a)魚油を真空蒸留塔内で蒸留して第1の残留物および第1の留出物を得ること、
b)第1の留出物を真空蒸留塔内で蒸留して第2の留出物および第2の残留物を得ること、
c)第2の残留物をアルカリに接触させてけん化混合物を生成すること、
d)けん化混合物を水と不混和性の有機溶媒または水と不混和性の有機溶媒の混合物に接触させて有機相および水相を生成すること、
e)有機相を水相から分離すること、
f)有機相を冷却して固相および液相を形成すること、ならびに
g)固相を有機相から分離すること。
ここで使用される場合、「魚油」という用語は、野生のおよび養殖された、魚、甲殻類、および他の海生動物から得られる油を指す。かかる油は、魚の全身から、またはその副生物、たとえば、肝臓、頭などから得られる。かかる油の例には、カタクチイワシ油、イワシ油、サケ油、マアジ油、メンヘーデン油、マグロ油、オキアミ油、イカ油、スケトウダラ油、ニシン油、シシャモ油、タラ肝油、およびイカ油が含まれる。魚油は、単一の種に由来するものであっても、魚油の混合物であってもよい。
魚油は、一般に蒸発器の面積1m2当たり1〜150kg/時の範囲内の速度で、好ましくは蒸発器の面積1m2当たり10〜100kg/時の範囲内の速度で真空蒸留塔内に供給される。
第1の留出物は、蒸発面1m2当たり10〜350kg/時、好ましくは1m2当たり50〜200kg/時の速度で真空蒸留塔内に供給される。
次に、第2の残留物がけん化される。この目的を達成するために、第2の残留物を水中でアルカリ、たとえばNaOHまたはKOHに接触させて、けん化する混合物を形成する。第2の残留物対水の重量比は、1:0.1〜1:10、好ましくは1:0.1〜1:1である。あるいは、第2の残留物を、水および極性溶媒、たとえばメタノールもしくはエタノールを含む溶液、または前記溶媒の任意の混合物中で、アルカリ、たとえばNaOHまたはKOHに接触させて、けん化する混合物を形成する。第2の残留物対溶液の重量比は、1:0.1〜1:10、好ましくは1:0.1〜1:1である。
特許GB489623のプロセスによるカタクチイワシ油由来のコレステロール
特許GB489623に開示されるプロセスによって、カタクチイワシ油を、GB489623の例1に鯨油について具体化されているように処理した。
中和カタクチイワシ油由来のコレステロール
カタクチイワシ油(例1と同じ原材料)を苛性ソーダで中和し、熱水で洗浄して、0.2mgKOH/gの酸価を有する中和カタクチイワシ油を得た。
イワシ油由来のコレステロール
240kgのイワシ油をVK83短行程蒸留塔に供給し、253℃の温度および0.03mbarの圧力で蒸留した。凝縮器の温度は50℃に設定した。18.6kgの量の留出物D1が、イワシ油の残留物R1と共に得られた。
脱色イワシ油由来のコレステロール
250kgのイワシ油を2kgの漂白用粘土と共に、撹拌容器内で、70℃および50mbarの真空で30分間加熱した。粘土をろ過によって分離した後、245kgの脱色イワシ油が得られた。
例2からの乾燥固体の汚染物質分析
例2のコレステロール生成物について総合的な汚染物質解析を行った。その結果を表6に示す。
Claims (13)
- 以下の工程:
(a)魚油を真空蒸留塔内で蒸留して第1の残留物および第1の留出物を得る工程であって、前記魚油を脂肪酸のエチルエステルを含む補助流体との混和物中で蒸留する工程、
(b)前記第1の留出物を真空蒸留塔内で蒸留して第2の留出物および第2の残留物を得る工程、
(c)前記第2の残留物をアルカリ金属水酸化物に接触させてけん化混合物を生成する工程、
(d)前記けん化混合物を非極性有機溶媒または非極性有機溶媒の混合物に接触させて有機相および水相を生成する工程、
(e)前記有機相を前記水相から分離する工程、
(f)前記有機相を冷却して固相および液相を形成する工程、ならびに
(g)前記固相を前記有機相から分離する工程であって、前記分離された固相がコレステロールを含み、前記コレステロールが、少なくとも95重量%のコレステロールを含み、かつ前記魚油より低い人為的汚染物質含有率を有し、前記コレステロールが、単一の抽出−結晶化工程で形成される工程
を含む、魚油からコレステロールを製造するための方法。 - 前記真空蒸留塔が短行程蒸留塔である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記魚油が、工程(a)において蒸発器の面積1m2当たり1〜150kg/時の速度で前記真空蒸留塔内に供給される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物中の前記補助流体と前記魚油との重量比が、1:100〜10:100である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記混和物が、蒸発器の面積1m2当たり1〜150kg/時の速度で前記真空蒸留塔内に供給される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程(a)が、150〜300℃の蒸発温度および0.0001〜0.5mbarのカラム圧で行われる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の留出物が、工程(b)において蒸発器の面積1m2当たり10〜350kg/時の速度で前記真空蒸留塔内に供給される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程(b)が、100〜250℃の蒸発温度および0.0001〜0.5mbarのカラム圧で行われる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程(c)の前記アルカリ金属水酸化物が、NaOHまたはKOHである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程(d)の前記非極性有機溶媒または前記非極性有機溶媒の混合物が、脂肪族炭化水素溶媒を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記有機相および前記水相が、デカントまたは遠心分離によって分離される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記分離された有機相が、30℃未満に保持されて固相および液相を形成する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記脂肪酸のエチルエステルがC10〜C22脂肪酸である、請求項1に記載の方法。
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US10836701B2 (en) | 2019-04-04 | 2020-11-17 | Alejandro Markovits Rojas | Fish oil cholesterol |
CN117043308A (zh) * | 2020-09-30 | 2023-11-10 | 纳彻美佳股份有限公司 | 获得鱼油中存在的胆固醇的方法 |
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GB526951A (en) | 1938-05-03 | 1940-09-30 | Armour & Co | Improvements in or relating to the preparation of cholesterol from materials containing same |
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