JP6613731B2 - トリグリセリド生産性が改良された真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株及びその利用 - Google Patents
トリグリセリド生産性が改良された真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株及びその利用 Download PDFInfo
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Description
リン脂質+1,2-ジアシルグリセロール=リゾリン脂質+TAG
遺伝子組換え技術を用いて、このTAG合成に関わる酵素活性を上昇させることにより、微細藻類の単位時間当たり及び単位受光面積当たりのTAG生産量(以降、「TAG生産性」と呼ぶ)を改良し、バイオディーゼル生産コストの削減に貢献しようという研究が既に幾つか行われている。
(1)AGL1タンパク質をコードする遺伝子を高発現させた真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株であって、親株と比較してTAG生産性が向上しており、前記AGL1タンパク質が配列番号4に示すアミノ酸配列と少なくとも50%の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、且つアルファ・グリコシダーゼ活性を有するタンパク質である、前記真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株。
(2)さらに、FAT1タンパク質をコードする遺伝子及び/又はDGAT2タンパク質をコードする遺伝子を高発現させた、(1)記載の真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株であって、前記FAT1タンパク質が配列番号8に示すアミノ酸配列と少なくとも50%の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、且つアシルACPチオエステラーゼ活性を有するタンパク質であり、前記DGAT2タンパク質が配列番号12に示すアミノ酸配列と少なくとも50%の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、且つジアシルグリセロールアシル転移酵素活性を有するタンパク質である、前記真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株。
(3)前記遺伝子が、遺伝子高発現を担保するプロモーターに機能的に連結されている、(1)又は(2)記載の真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株。
(4)トレボキシア藻網に属する、(1)〜(3)のいずれか1記載の真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株。
(5)コッコミクサ(Coccomyxa)属又はシュードコッコミクサ(Pseudococcomyxa)属に属する、(4)記載の真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株。
(6)前記遺伝子が、緑藻に属する株に由来する、(1)〜(5)のいずれか1記載の真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株。
(7)前記遺伝子が、トレボキシア藻網に属する株に由来する、(6)記載の真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株。
(8)前記遺伝子が、コッコミクサ属又はシュードコッコミクサ属に属する株に由来する、(7)記載の真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株。
(9)(1)〜(8)のいずれか1記載の真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株を培養する工程を含む、TAG生産方法。
培養後、例えば培養物からヘキサン抽出等によって、TAGを含む脂質を得ることができる。
多くの微細藻類では、窒素欠乏条件で、あるいはそれに加えNaClを100 mM程度培地に添加することによって、TAG生産を促進することができる。KJ株及びKJ株に近縁のシュードコリシスティス・エリプソイディア(Pseudochoricystis ellipsoidea)Obi株(以下、「Obi株」と呼ぶ: Satoh et al., 2010, J Jpn Inst Energ, 89, 909)においても、窒素欠乏条件下での培養、及びNaCl添加後の培養の双方において、TAG含有量の増加が見られ、一方でデンプンの蓄積量は減少した。100 mM NaCl添加後のKJ株培養での増殖、TAG及びデンプン含有量の変化を図1に示す。
KJ株内でAGL1遺伝子、FAT1遺伝子、DGAT2d遺伝子のcDNAを単独で、あるいは複数を同時に高発現させるために、KJ株の翻訳伸長因子のαサブユニットであるEF1αをコードする遺伝子(以降、「KJEF1A」と呼ぶ)のプロモーター(配列番号13)とターミネーター(配列番号14)とを利用した。AGL1遺伝子、FAT1遺伝子及びDGAT2d遺伝子それぞれのcDNAを、KJEF1Aのプロモーターとターミネーターとの間に挿入したpAGL1、pFAT1及びpDGAT2dプラスミドを作製した(図4)。
pAGL1プラスミドを導入して得られた6株の形質転換体におけるKJAGL1 cDNAの発現を、Real time PCRで解析した。最もKJAGL1 cDNAの発現が高かったKJoxAGL1-6060株(oxはoverexpression line:高発現株を示す)では、培養13日目のTAG生産性が野生株の約1.3倍であった(図5)。残りの株については、TAG含量が若干上昇し、デンプン含量が若干減少したが、TAG生産性は野生株とほぼ同等であった。
pFAT1プラスミドを導入して得られた形質転換体18株についてTAGの生産性を評価した。18株中12株でTAG含有率が増加し、そのうち細胞乾燥重量の減少があまり見られなかった(すなわち、増殖が悪くならなかった)6株では、培養7日目にTAG生産性が約1.2〜1.3倍に、14日目で約1.1〜1.2倍に増加していた(図6)。このとき、TAGの増加と同時にデンプンの減少が見られたため、pFAT1プラスミドの導入によるTAGの増加はデンプンの減少を伴うと考えられた(図6)。本実施例では、各株は1/2 DENSO培地で同時に培養し、7日目(7d)と14日目(14d)にサンプリングを行った。
pDGAT2dプラスミドの導入で得られた形質転換体6株のうち4株(KJoxDGAT2d-567, 5617, 5650, 5822)において、細胞乾燥重量当たりのTAG含有率に有意な増加が見られ(P < 0.01, Student's t-test)、培養7日目で野生株の約1.2倍、14日目で約1.1倍に増加した(図7)。このとき、TAGの増加が見られた4株においてデンプン含有率が減少していた(P < 0.05, Student's t-test)ことから、KJDGAT2d cDNAの高発現によるTAGの増加はデンプンの減少を伴うと考えられた(図7)。本実施例では、各株は1/2 DENSO培地で同時に培養し、7日目と14日目にサンプリングを行った。図7において、棒グラフとエラーバーは独立な実験で得られたサンプルの平均値と標準誤差(n = 3-6)を示す。
pFAT1プラスミド形質転換体のうち、7日目におけるTAG生産性が最も高かったKJoxFAT1-325株(図6)にpDGAT2dプラスミドとpble-PeEGFP-T1Aプラスミドとを共導入し、Zeo耐性コロニーを228個選抜した。そして、KJDGAT2d cDNA発現カセットの挿入をPCRで解析したところ、13株(5.7%)でKJDGAT2d cDNA発現カセットの全長が挿入されていることが確認できた。
実施例6に示すように、KJoxFAT1-325株(図6)にKJDGAT2d cDNA発現カセットを導入した株、すなわち、KJFAT1 cDNAとKJDGAT2d cDNAとを高発現させた13株のうち、最もTAG生産性が高かったKJoxFD-2643株について詳しく解析を行った。また、下記に、形質転換体の構築手順を示す:
FERM BP-22294
Claims (9)
- AGL1タンパク質をコードする遺伝子を高発現させた真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株であって、親株と比較してトリアシルグリセロール(TAG)生産性が向上しており、前記AGL1タンパク質が配列番号4に示すアミノ酸配列と少なくとも90%の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、且つアルファ・グリコシダーゼ活性を有するタンパク質である、前記真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株。
- さらに、FAT1タンパク質をコードする遺伝子及び/又はDGAT2タンパク質をコードする遺伝子を高発現させた、請求項1記載の真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株であって、前記FAT1タンパク質が配列番号8に示すアミノ酸配列と少なくとも90%の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、且つアシルACPチオエステラーゼ活性を有するタンパク質であり、前記DGAT2タンパク質が配列番号12に示すアミノ酸配列と少なくとも90%の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、且つジアシルグリセロールアシル転移酵素活性を有するタンパク質である、前記真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株。
- 前記遺伝子が、遺伝子高発現を担保するプロモーターに機能的に連結されている、請求項1又は2記載の真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株。
- トレボキシア藻網に属する、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載の真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株。
- コッコミクサ(Coccomyxa)属又はシュードコッコミクサ(Pseudococcomyxa)属に属する、請求項4記載の真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株。
- 前記遺伝子が、緑藻に属する株に由来する、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項記載の真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株。
- 前記遺伝子が、トレボキシア藻網に属する株に由来する、請求項6記載の真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株。
- 前記遺伝子が、コッコミクサ属又はシュードコッコミクサ属に属する株に由来する、請求項7記載の真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれか1項記載の真核微細藻類遺伝子改変株を培養する工程を含む、TAG生産方法。
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