JP6608936B2 - 組換え細胞、組換え細胞の製造方法、並びに、1,4−ブタンジオールの生産方法 - Google Patents
組換え細胞、組換え細胞の製造方法、並びに、1,4−ブタンジオールの生産方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6608936B2 JP6608936B2 JP2017537144A JP2017537144A JP6608936B2 JP 6608936 B2 JP6608936 B2 JP 6608936B2 JP 2017537144 A JP2017537144 A JP 2017537144A JP 2017537144 A JP2017537144 A JP 2017537144A JP 6608936 B2 JP6608936 B2 JP 6608936B2
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Description
一方、メタノール経路は、メタノールをホルムアルデヒド(HCHO)、さらにギ酸(HCOOH)に変換する経路と、メタノールから[CH3]−THFを誘導する経路を含んでいる。
すなわち、メチルテトラヒドロ葉酸([CH3]−THF)、一酸化炭素(CO)、及びCoAからアセチルCoAを合成する経路は、アセチルCoA経路とメタノール経路とで共通している。
上記6種のClostridium属細菌、Moorella属細菌、又はAcetobacterium属細菌は、合成ガス資化性微生物の代表例として知られている。
このように、CODHを有する細菌は広く存在しており、その中から本発明で用いる宿主細胞を適宜選択することができる。例えば、CO、CO/H2(COとH2を主成分とするガス)、もしくはCO/CO2/H2(COとCO2とH2を主成分とするガス)を唯一の炭素源かつエネルギー源とした選択培地を用い、嫌気、微好気、もしくは好気的条件で、宿主細胞として利用できるCODHを有する細菌を分離することができる。
遺伝子の例(いずれもUniProtKB No.で表示):P76149 (E. coli); P25526 (E. coli); P94428 (Bacillus subtilis); Q55585 (Synechocystis sp.); P38067 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)等
遺伝子の例(いずれもUniProtKB/Swiss-Prot No.で表示):P0AGE9 (E. coli); P0A836 (E. coli); P53598 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae); P53312 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae); P09143 (Thermus thermophilus); O82662 (Arabidopsis thaliana)等。本酵素活性は、すべての生物が保有するが、必要に応じて外来遺伝子として導入することも有効である。
遺伝子の例(いずれもUniProtKB/Swiss-Prot No.で表示):P38947 (Clostridium kluyveri); A4YGN0 (Metallosphaera sedula)等。
遺伝子の例(いずれもUniProtKB/Swiss-Prot No.で表示):D8GUP1 (Clostridium ljungdahlii); C9YNR6 (Clostridium difficile); Q97IR6 (Clostridium acetobutylicum);Q8XYI7 (Ralstonia solanacearum); Q7MWD4 (Porphyromonas gingivalis)等。
遺伝子の例(いずれもUniProtKB/Swiss-Prot No.で表示):Q9RM86 (Clostridium aminobutyricum); P38942 (Clostridium kluyveri); Q185L2 (Clostridium difficile); Q3ACH6 (Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformas); C4Z8H6 (Eubacterium rectale); I8UF15 (Porphyromonas gingivalis)等。
遺伝子の例:Q716S8 (Clostridium beijerinckii); Q7X4B7 (Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum); A5HYN9 (Clostridium botulinum); P0A9Q7 (E. coli) (以上、UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot No.で表示); GenBank CAQ57983 (Clostridium saccharobutylicum); NCBI ZP_03705305 (Clostridium methylpentosum); NCBI ZP_08533507 (Caldalkalibacillus thermarum)等。
遺伝子の例(いずれもUniProtKB/Swiss-Prot No.で表示):P0A4X1 (Mycobacterium bovis); P00331(Saccharomycess cerevisiae); P00330(Saccharomycess cerevisiae); Q9HIM3 (Thermoplasma acidophilum); B9WPR7 (Arthrobacter sp.); P00334 (Drosophila melanogaster)等。
本酵素は4−ヒドロキシ酪酸から4−ヒドロキシブチルアルデヒドへの変換を可逆的に触媒できる酵素であり、酵素分類上、アルデヒドデヒドロゲナーゼ (例えばEC 1.2.1.3, EC 1.2.1.4, EC 1.2.1.5等)に属する。
4−ヒドロキシブチルアルデヒド脱水素酵素活性を示すアルデヒドデヒドロゲナーゼ遺伝子の例(いずれもUniProtKB/Swiss-Prot No.で表示):E4R8S4 (Pseudomonas putida); P23883 (E. coli); P12693 (Pseudomonas putida); P40047 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae); P25553 (E. coli); P0C6D7 (Vibrio sp.); P47771 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae); G3XYI2 (Aspergillus niger)等。
遺伝子の例(いずれもUniProtKB/Swiss-Prot No.で表示):A0R2B1 (Mycobacterium smegmatics); I0WZ48 (Rhodococcus imtechensis); G2EJR8 (Corynebacterium glutamicum); J1S9U2 (Streptomyces auratus); J7LQH4 (Arthrobacter sp.)等。
基本的に、宿主細胞が保有していない1,4−ブタンジオール生合成関連酵素については、当該酵素をコードする遺伝子を外部から導入する。また、宿主細胞が保有しているが分子活性が低い場合には、より分子活性の高い酵素をコードする遺伝子を導入することが好ましい。
第二実施形態の場合には、セルロソーム構成タンパク質群をコードする遺伝子が挙げられる。
これらの遺伝子の発現を上方制御することによっても、同様の効果が得られる。上方制御とは、目的遺伝子の多コピー化、プロモーター変異、酵素遺伝子変異等による活性向上を意味する。
例えば、宿主細胞が細菌等の原核生物の場合には、当該ベクターとして、宿主細胞において自立複製可能ないしは染色体中への組み込みが可能で、挿入された上記遺伝子を転写できる位置にプロモーターを含有しているものを用いることができる。例えば、当該ベクターを用いて、プロモーター、リボソーム結合配列、上記遺伝子、および転写終結配列からなる一連の構成を宿主細胞内で構築することが好ましい。
また、エネルギー源として水素(H2)を同時に提供することが好ましい。
・CO
・CO2
・CO/H2
・CO2/H2
・CO/CO2/H2
・CO/HCOOH
・CO2/HCOOH
・CO/CH3OH
・CO2/CH3OH
・CO/H2/HCOOH
・CO2/H2/HCOOH
・CO/H2/CH3OH
・CO2/H2/CH3OH
・CO/CO2/H2/HCOOH
・CO/CO2/H2/CH3OH
・CH3OH/H2
・HCOOH/H2
・CH3OH
・HCOOH
カラム: InterCap FFAP (GL Sciences)
ディメンション: 30m×0.25mm,0.25μm
移動相: 100%メタノール
キャリアガス: ヘリウム
スプリット比: 1:10
トータルフロー: 14.4mL/分
インジェクション温度: 220℃
速度(℃/分) 最終温度(℃) 保持時間(分)
− 60 1.00
5.0 70 0.00
35.0 220 2.00
培養液のOD600が2.0になった時点で、遠心分離し、上清を採取した。フィルター濾過(0.22μm)した後にGCMS(QP2010S GC-MS system (Shimadzu))によって分析した(InterCap FFAP (GL Sciences), Mobile phase was 100% Methanol, carrier gas was helium, split ration 1:10, injection temperature 220 degree C)。
培養液のOD600が2.0になった時点で、遠心分離し、上清を採取した。フィルター濾過(0.22μm)した後にGCMS (QP2010S GC-MS system (Shimadzu))によって分析した(InterCap FFAP (GL Sciences), Mobile phase was 100% Methanol, carrier gas was helium, split ration 1:10, injection temperature 220 degree C)。
培養液のOD600が2.0になった時点で、遠心分離し、上清を採取した。フィルター濾過(0.22μm)した後にGCMS (QP2010S GC-MS system (Shimadzu))によって分析した(InterCap FFAP (GL Sciences), Mobile phase was 100% Methanol, carrier gas was helium, split ration 1:10, injection temperature 220 degree C)。
1,4−ブタンジオール生合成関連酵素遺伝子クラスターである配列番号5の人工合成遺伝子(6774bp)を構築した。該遺伝子クラスターは、sucD(CoA依存型コハク酸セミアルデヒド脱水素酵素、Gene ID: 5394466)、4Hb(4−ヒドロキシ酪酸脱水素酵素、Gene ID: 2552693)、abfT(4−ヒドロキシ酪酸CoA転移酵素、EMBL_CAB60036.2)、adhE2(アルコールデヒドロゲナーゼ、EMBL_AAK09379.1)の各遺伝子とT7ターミネーターを含み、さらに、両末端にそれぞれBglIIとXhoIの認識配列を含む。
上記(1)で作製したpSOS-BDOを、エレクトロポレーションにてClostridium ljungdahlii(DSM13528/ATCC55383)に導入し、組換え体を取得した。コントロールとして、pSOS-MSを同様にしてClostridium ljungdahlii(DSM13528/ATCC55383)に導入し、組換え体を取得した。エレクトロポレーションは、Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2013, 79(4):1102-9で推奨されている方法によって行った。
上記(2)で取得した2種の組換え体を、37℃、嫌気条件下で培養した。培地として、4μg/mLクラリスロマイシンを含有するATCC medium 1754 PETC培地(ただし、フルクトース非含有)を用いた。125mL容の密閉可能なガラス容器に45mLの培地を仕込み、CO/CO2/H2=33/33/34%(体積比)の混合ガスを0.25MPa(絶対圧)のガス圧で充填し、アルミキャップで密封した後、振とう培養した。OD600が0.9に到達した時点で培養を終了し、培養液を遠心した後、上清を用いてLCMSによって分析した。
Claims (15)
- 偏性嫌気性かつ酢酸生成能を有するClostridium属細菌の組換え細胞であって、
セルロース資化性を有し、
セルロソームを生産するものであり、
外来遺伝子として、CoA依存型コハク酸セミアルデヒド脱水素酵素、4−ヒドロキシ酪酸脱水素酵素、4−ヒドロキシ酪酸CoA転移酵素、4−ヒドロキシ酪酸CoA還元酵素、及びアルコールデヒドロゲナーゼを含む酵素群をコードする遺伝子を有し、
当該遺伝子が発現し、
リグノセルロース、セルロース、又は可溶性炭水化物から1,4−ブタンジオールを生産可能である組換え細胞。 - 偏性嫌気性かつ酢酸生成能を有するClostridium属細菌の組換え細胞であって、
セルロース資化性を有し、
セルロソームを生産するものであり、
外来遺伝子として、2−オキソグルタル酸脱炭酸酵素、4−ヒドロキシ酪酸脱水素酵素、4−ヒドロキシ酪酸CoA転移酵素、4−ヒドロキシ酪酸CoA還元酵素、及びアルコールデヒドロゲナーゼを含む酵素群をコードする遺伝子を有し、
当該遺伝子が発現し、
リグノセルロース、セルロース、又は可溶性炭水化物から1,4−ブタンジオールを生産可能である組換え細胞。 - Clostridium thermocellum、Clostridium cellulolyticum、又はClostridium cellulovoransである、請求項1又は2に記載の組換え細胞。
- Clostridium cellulolyticumである、請求項1又は2に記載の組換え細胞。
- 前記酵素群を構成する酵素の少なくとも1つは、細菌由来のものである、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の組換え細胞。
- 前記酵素群を構成する酵素の少なくとも1つは、宿主細胞由来のものである、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の組換え細胞。
- 前記遺伝子がゲノムに組み込まれている、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の組換え細胞。
- 少なくとも400mMの1,4−ブタンジオールに対する耐性を有する、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の組換え細胞。
- エタノール合成能が、宿主細胞のそれと比較して下方制御されている、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の組換え細胞。
- 2,3−ブタンジオール合成能が、宿主細胞のそれと比較して下方制御されている、請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の組換え細胞。
- 組換え細胞の製造方法であって、
偏性嫌気性かつ酢酸生成能を有し、セルロース資化性を有し、かつセルロソームを生産するClostridium属細菌の宿主細胞を提供する第一工程、及び、
前記宿主細胞に、CoA依存型コハク酸セミアルデヒド脱水素酵素、4−ヒドロキシ酪酸脱水素酵素、4−ヒドロキシ酪酸CoA転移酵素、4−ヒドロキシ酪酸CoA還元酵素、及びアルコールデヒドロゲナーゼを含む酵素群をコードする遺伝子を導入する第二工程、を包含し、
当該遺伝子が発現し、
リグノセルロース、セルロース、又は可溶性炭水化物から1,4−ブタンジオールを生産可能である組換え細胞を製造する、組換え細胞の製造方法。 - 組換え細胞の製造方法であって、
偏性嫌気性かつ酢酸生成能を有し、セルロース資化性を有し、かつセルロソームを生産するClostridium属細菌の宿主細胞を提供する第一工程、及び、
2−オキソグルタル酸脱炭酸酵素、4−ヒドロキシ酪酸脱水素酵素、4−ヒドロキシ酪酸CoA転移酵素、4−ヒドロキシ酪酸CoA還元酵素、及びアルコールデヒドロゲナーゼを含む酵素群をコードする遺伝子を導入する第二工程、を包含し、
当該遺伝子が発現し、
リグノセルロース、セルロース、又は可溶性炭水化物から1,4−ブタンジオールを生産可能である組換え細胞を製造する、組換え細胞の製造方法。 - 請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の組換え細胞、又は請求項11若しくは12に記載の方法により製造された組換え細胞に、リグノセルロース、セルロース、又は可溶性炭水化物を接触させ、当該組換え細胞に前記リグノセルロース、セルロース、又は可溶性炭水化物から1,4−ブタンジオールを生産させる、1,4−ブタンジオールの生産方法。
- 前記組換え細胞をリグノセルロース、セルロース、又は可溶性炭水化物を炭素源として培養し、その培養物から1,4−ブタンジオールを取得する、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記組換え細胞は、Clostridium cellulolyticumである、請求項13又は14に記載の方法。
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