JP6593265B2 - 炭化珪素単結晶基板、炭化珪素半導体装置および炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
炭化珪素単結晶基板、炭化珪素半導体装置および炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6593265B2 JP6593265B2 JP2016138660A JP2016138660A JP6593265B2 JP 6593265 B2 JP6593265 B2 JP 6593265B2 JP 2016138660 A JP2016138660 A JP 2016138660A JP 2016138660 A JP2016138660 A JP 2016138660A JP 6593265 B2 JP6593265 B2 JP 6593265B2
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- silicon carbide
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 179
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 179
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
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- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005092 sublimation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- -1 titanium aluminum silicon Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
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- H01L22/00—Testing or measuring during manufacture or treatment; Reliability measurements, i.e. testing of parts without further processing to modify the parts as such; Structural arrangements therefor
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- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
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Description
半導体装置のフォトリソグラフィ工程においては、炭化珪素単結晶基板の一方の主面が、たとえば真空チャックに固定された状態で、他方の主面上にマスクパターンが形成される。たとえば径方向における炭化珪素単結晶基板の厚みが異なると、炭化珪素単結晶基板の一方の主面がチャックの表面に固定される際、他方の主面の平坦性が悪化する。そのため、他方の主面上に形成されるマスクパターンの位置が、所望の位置からずれる場合がある。
[実施形態の詳細]
以下、図面に基づいて本発明の実施の形態を説明する。なお、以下の図面において同一または相当する部分には同一の参照番号を付し、その説明は繰返さない。また、本明細書中の結晶学的記載においては、個別方位を[]、集合方位を<>、個別面を()、集合面を{}でそれぞれ示している。また、負の指数については、結晶学上、”−”(バー)を数字の上に付けることになっているが、本明細書中では、数字の前に負の符号を付けている。
(実施の形態1:炭化珪素単結晶基板)
まず、実施の形態1に係る炭化珪素単結晶基板の構成について説明する。
(TTV:Total Thickness Variation)
TTV=|T1−T2| ・・・(数1)
TTVは、たとえば以下の手順で測定される。まず、平坦な吸着面に炭化珪素単結晶基板10の第2主面10bが全面吸着される。次に、第1主面10a全体の画像が光学的に取得される。図3および数1に示されるように、TTVとは、平坦な吸着面に第2主面10bを全面吸着させた状態で、第2主面10bから第1主面10aの最高点A1までの高さT1から、第2主面10bから第1主面10aの最低点A2までの高さT2を差し引いた値である。言い換えれば、TTVは、第2主面10bに対して垂直な方向において、第2主面10bと第1主面10aとの最長距離から、第2主面10bと第1主面10aとの最短距離を差し引いた値である。つまり、TTVは、最高点A1を通りかつ第2主面10bと平行な平面L3と、最低点A2を通りかつ第2主面10bと平行な平面L4との距離である。本実施の形態における炭化珪素単結晶基板10のTTVは、5μm以下である。TTVは、好ましくは、3μm以下であり、より好ましくは、1.5μm以下である。
(LTIR:Local Total Indicated Reading)
LTIR=|T3|+|T4| ・・・(数2)
LTIRは、たとえば以下の手順で測定される。まず、平坦な吸着面に炭化珪素単結晶基板10の第2主面10bが全面吸着される。次に、ある局所的な領域(たとえば中央正方領域1および外側正方領域2など)における第1主面10aの画像が光学的に取得される。次に、第1主面10aの最小二乗平面L5が計算により求められる。図4および数2に示されるように、LTIRは、平坦な吸着面に第2主面10bを全面吸着させた状態で、最小二乗平面L5から第1主面10aの最高点A4までの高さT4と、最小二乗平面L5から第1主面10aの最低点A3までの高さT3とを足した値である。最低点A3とは、最小二乗平面L5に対して第2主面10b側に位置する第1主面10aの領域において、最小二乗平面L5に対して垂直な方向に沿った最小二乗平面L5と第1主面10aとの距離が最大となる位置である。最高点A4とは、最小二乗平面L5に対して第2主面10b側とは反対側に位置する第1主面10aの領域において、最小二乗平面L5に対して垂直な方向に沿った最小二乗平面L5と第1主面10aとの距離が最大となる位置である。つまり、LTIRは、最高点A4を通りかつ最小二乗平面L5と平行な平面L6と、最低点A3を通りかつ最小二乗平面L5と平行な平面L7との距離である。中央正方領域1におけるLTIRは、たとえば1μm以下であり、好ましくは0.5以下である。外側正方領域2におけるLTIRは、たとえば1μm以下であり、好ましくは0.7以下である。
(LTV:Local Thickness Variation)
LTV=|T6−T5| ・・・(数3)
LTVは、たとえば以下の手順で測定される。まず、平坦な吸着面に炭化珪素単結晶基板10の第2主面10bが全面吸着される。次に、ある局所的な領域(たとえば中央正方領域1および外側正方領域2など)における第1主面10aの画像が光学的に取得される。図5および数3に示されるように、LTVとは、平坦な吸着面に第2主面10bを全面吸着させた状態で、第2主面10bから第1主面10aの最高点A6までの高さT6から、第2主面10bから第1主面10aの最低点A5までの高さT5を差し引いた値である。言い換えれば、LTVは、第2主面10bに対して垂直な方向において、第2主面10bと第1主面10aとの最長距離から、第2主面10bと第1主面10aとの最短距離を差し引いた値である。つまり、LTVは、最高点A6を通りかつ第2主面10bと平行な平面L9と、最低点A5を通りかつ第2主面10bと平行な平面L10との距離である。中央正方領域1におけるLTVは、たとえば1μm以下であり、好ましくは、0.5μm以下である。外側正方領域2におけるLTVは、たとえば1μm以下であり、好ましくは、0.8μm以下である。
たとえば昇華法により製造された炭化珪素単結晶からなるインゴットがワイヤーソーによりスライスされることにより、炭化珪素単結晶基板10が準備される。炭化珪素単結晶基板10は、たとえばポリタイプ4Hの六方晶炭化珪素から構成されている。炭化珪素単結晶基板10は、第1主面10aと、第1主面10aの反対側の第2主面10bとを有する。第1主面10aは、たとえば{0001}面または{0001}面から4°以下程度オフした面である。たとえば第1主面10aおよび第2主面10bが研削された後、第1主面10aおよび第2主面10bに対して機械研磨およびCMP(Chemical Mechanical Polishing)が行われる。
実施の形態1に係る炭化珪素単結晶基板10によれば、中央正方領域1におけるLTIRを中央正方領域1におけるLTVで除した値は0.8以上1.2以下である。LTIRはLTVと基準面が異なる。そのため、LTIRは小さいがLTVは大きい場合と、LTIRが大きいがLTVが小さい場合等があり得る。そのため、どちらか一方のパラメータだけでは、平坦性を精度良く判断することは困難である。そこで、LTIRとLTVとの比を計算し、当該比を上述の範囲内に制御することにより、中央正方領域1における平坦性を精度良く制御することができる。また外側正方領域2におけるLTVを中央正方領域1におけるLTVで除した値は1以上3以下である。外側正方領域2における平坦性を、中央正方領域1と同程度に制御することにより、外側正方領域2における平坦性を良好にすることができる。結果として、フォトリソグラフィ工程におけるマスクパターンの位置ずれを抑制することができる。
(実施の形態2:炭化珪素半導体装置)
次に、実施の形態2に係る炭化珪素半導体装置100の一例としてのMOSFETの構成について説明する。
Claims (7)
- 第1主面と、前記第1主面と反対側の第2主面とを備えた炭化珪素単結晶基板であって、
前記第1主面は、前記炭化珪素単結晶基板の重心を通りかつ前記炭化珪素単結晶基板の厚み方向に平行な直線と前記第1主面との交点を中心とする正方形に囲まれた中央正方領域と、前記第1主面の外縁上のある位置と前記交点とを繋ぐ直線に対して垂直な直線と平行な辺を有しかつ前記ある位置から前記交点に向かって10.5mm離れた位置を中心とする正方形に囲まれた外側正方領域とを含み、
前記厚み方向から見た場合、前記中央正方領域および前記外側正方領域の双方の一辺の長さは15mmであり、
前記第1主面の最大径は、100mm以上であり、
前記炭化珪素単結晶基板のTTVは、5μm以下であり、
前記中央正方領域におけるLTIRを前記中央正方領域におけるLTVで除した値は、0.9以上1.1以下であり、
前記外側正方領域におけるLTVを前記中央正方領域におけるLTVで除した値は、1以上3以下である、炭化珪素単結晶基板。 - 前記最大径は、150mm以上である、請求項1に記載の炭化珪素単結晶基板。
- 前記最大径は、200mm以上である、請求項2に記載の炭化珪素単結晶基板。
- 前記第1主面には、前記厚み方向における深さが0.5nm以上の傷が形成されており、
前記傷の面密度は、0.085個/cm2以下である、請求項1〜請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素単結晶基板。 - 前記外側正方領域におけるLTIRを前記外側正方領域におけるLTVで除した値は、0.8以上1.2以下である、請求項1〜請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素単結晶基板。
- 請求項1〜請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素単結晶基板を備える、炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 請求項1〜請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素単結晶基板を準備する工程と、
前記炭化珪素単結晶基板を加工する工程と、を備える、炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
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WO2016181667A1 (ja) | 2016-11-17 |
DE112016002124T5 (de) | 2018-01-25 |
US9978651B2 (en) | 2018-05-22 |
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