JP6553623B2 - 電磁エネルギー生成のための多素子カプラ - Google Patents
電磁エネルギー生成のための多素子カプラ Download PDFInfo
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- JP6553623B2 JP6553623B2 JP2016542874A JP2016542874A JP6553623B2 JP 6553623 B2 JP6553623 B2 JP 6553623B2 JP 2016542874 A JP2016542874 A JP 2016542874A JP 2016542874 A JP2016542874 A JP 2016542874A JP 6553623 B2 JP6553623 B2 JP 6553623B2
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Description
無線給電は、移植可能な電子機器の機能を向上させるために長年の関心事項であり、胸壁を横切って電磁エネルギーを運ぶ実験と共に1960年代初頭に始まった。近接場で結合された物体同士を通して空気を介して電力を伝送するための理論体系を概念的に描きながら、初期の具現化されたものは、かさばるコイルの限界から、体内での長期間に渡る動作にとって深刻な課題を提起する真空管電源または電池までをも含んでいた。以降、半導体技術における進歩は、細胞規模の寸法内部での感知機能および刺激機能を組み込んだ高性能の機器を可能にした。しかしながら、ほぼ全ての既存のシステムは、エネルギーの貯蔵または集積のためにしばしば全体サイズの最大寸法で数センチメートルとなる大規模な構造と、重量と、体内への統合の機会を制約する効率特性とを必要とし続けている。
一実施形態においては、移植可能な機器は、交換可能なセンサーおよび/または刺激装置を可能にするモジュラー設計を含む。
幾つかの実施形態においては、移植可能なモジュールが、脳の上、中、または近傍に移植されて脳に脳深部刺激を与えるように構成される。別の実施形態においては、移植可能なモジュールが、脊髄の上、中、または近傍に移植されて脊髄に刺激を与えるように構成される。さらに別の実施形態においては、移植可能なモジュールが舌の筋肉組織の上、中、または近傍に移植されて舌に刺激を与え、閉塞性睡眠時無呼吸を治療するように構成される。
別の実施形態においては、送信ステップが、波に垂直で組織境界面に平行な電磁場を生成するサブ波長構造体を用いて、波を送信することを含む。
組織を通して無線電力を伝送するように構成された装置も提供され、この装置は、組織内部に伝搬場を生成しそれによって組織内部に空間的に適応可能な電磁場を生成するように構成され配置された複数のサブ波長構造体と、複数のサブ波長構造体のそれぞれを個別に励起しそれによって空間的に適応可能な電磁場を生成するように構成され配置された複数の独立した供給ポートと、ピーク表面電磁場を再分配して許容可能な無線周波数出力電力を増加させるように構成された制御装置と、を含む。
本発明の新規の特徴が、以降の特許請求の範囲に詳細に記載される。本発明の原理を利用しており、添付の図面が次の通りである例示的な実施形態について記載している以下の詳細な説明を参照することにより、本発明の特徴および利点のより良い理解が得られるであろう。
本明細書に記載される構造は、サブ波長構造体へのフィードバックを含むセンサー/機器と共に使用することができる。センサーのこれらの種類は、たとえば、移植可能な温度センサーまたは撮像機器を含むことができる。このように、機器は、空間的に適応可能な電磁場/信号を生成する上記で示した構造に応答する。フィードバック型の機器は、空間的に適応可能な電磁場/信号によって提供される信号の電力および/またはデータ部分に応答し、かつ、応答するように促される。たとえば、患者の内部に配置された温度センサーは、空間的に適応可能な電磁場/信号によって提供される信号の電力および/またはデータ部分に応答して、組織の温度を同報送信する/報告するであろう。加えて、組織内に移植された撮像機器は、空間的に適応可能な電磁場/信号によって提供される信号の電力および/またはデータ部分に応答して、撮影された画像を同報送信する/報告することができる。さらに、空間的に適応可能な電磁場/信号の浸透の深さは、モデル化され制御されることができる。したがって、特定の実施形態においては、フィードバック機器は、空間的に適応可能な電磁場/信号に応答して、データを示しデータにラベルを付けて、機器が動作している深さを記録することができる。このデータを患者ごとに記憶装置に格納することにより、統計目的のためにコンピュータがこのデータにアクセスし分析を行うことができる。
本明細書における教示と様々な程度で組み合わせることができる、他の実施形態、実験、および応用の詳細に関する情報のために、この特許書類の一部を形成し、本明細書に参照により完全に組み込まれる以下の添付書類において提供される、実験的教示および根底にある参照への参照がなされ得る。これらの付録において議論される実施形態は、特に断りのない限り、全般的な技術的開示、または、特許請求される開示の任意の部分に限定することを、どのような形であれ、意図してはいない。
Claims (18)
- 無線電力システムであって、
複数のサブ波長構造体および制御装置を有する外部モジュールであって、
前記複数のサブ波長構造体は、それぞれ、該サブ波長構造体に与えられる励起信号に応答して、患者の組織の外側のエバネッセント場を操作して前記患者の組織の内側に伝搬場を生成し、それによって組織内に空間的に集束した場を生成することにより、無線周波数電力信号を送信するように構成され、
前記制御装置は、前記複数のサブ波長構造体に与えられた前記励起信号の位相および/または振幅を調節して、前記組織内の前記空間的に集束した場の焦点を調節するように構成される、外部モジュールと、
送信された前記無線周波数電力信号を通じて前記外部モジュールから電力を無線で受け取るように構成される移植可能モジュールであって、前記移植可能モジュールが、前記組織のパラメータを感知するように構成される少なくとも1つのセンサー、または前記組織に刺激を与えるように構成される少なくとも1つの刺激装置を含む、移植可能モジュールと、
を含む、無線電力システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、前記少なくとも1つのセンサーが、熱センサー、化学センサー、圧力センサー、酸素センサー、PHセンサー、流量センサー、電気センサー、歪みセンサー、磁気センサー、および画像センサーからなる群から選ばれる、システム。
- 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、前記少なくとも1つの刺激装置が、電気刺激装置、光学刺激装置、化学刺激装置、および機械刺激装置からなる群から選ばれる、システム。
- 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、前記複数のサブ波長構造体が、パッチ、PIFA、接地面内のスロット、接地面内のクロススロット、接地面内の開口部結合円形スロット、および接地面内のハーフスロットからなる群から選ばれる、システム。
- 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、前記外部モジュールがさらに、
前記複数のサブ波長構造体にそれぞれ結合された複数の励起ポートと、
前記複数の励起ポートに結合されて前記励起信号を提供するように構成された少なくとも1つの電圧源と、
を含む、システム。 - 請求項5に記載のシステムであって、前記制御装置が、前記移植可能モジュールから受け取られた無線エネルギーの電力レベルを検出するように構成され、かつ、フィードバックを提供して前記焦点の位置を自動的に調節し無線電力送信を最適化するように構成される、システム。
- 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、前記移植可能モジュールが、心臓の上、中、または近傍に移植されて前記心臓にリードレスペーシングを適用するように構成される、システム。
- 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、前記移植可能モジュールが、脳の上、中、または近傍に移植されて前記脳に脳深部刺激を与えるように構成される、システム。
- 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、前記移植可能モジュールが、脊髄の上、中、または近傍に移植されて前記脊髄に刺激を与えるように構成される、システム。
- 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、前記移植可能モジュールが舌の筋肉組織の上、中、または近傍に移植されて前記舌に刺激を与え、閉塞性睡眠時無呼吸を治療するように構成される、システム。
- 無線電力システムの作動方法であって、
患者の体外にある複数の異なるサブ波長構造体が、該サブ波長構造体にそれぞれ与えられる励起信号に応答して、組織の中に移植された無線電力受信モジュールに給電するために、前記無線電力受信モジュールへ中間場伝搬波を送信することであって、該送信することが、前記組織の外側のエバネッセント場を操作して前記組織の内側に前記中間場伝搬波を生成し、それによって前記組織内に空間的に集束した場を生成することを含む、前記送信することと、
制御装置が、前記励起信号の位相および/または振幅を調節することによって、前記無線電力受信モジュールに向けて前記中間場伝搬波を集束させることと、
前記組織のパラメータを感知するとともに前記組織から感知された前記パラメータに基づいて前記組織に刺激を提供するように構成された前記無線電力受信モジュールが、集束された前記中間場伝搬波を通じてエネルギーを受け取ることによって作動することと、
を含む作動方法。 - 請求項11に記載の作動方法であって、前記伝搬波の焦点を調節して前記モジュールへの無線電力送信を最適化することをさらに含む、作動方法。
- 請求項11に記載の作動方法であって、前記送信するステップが、前記波に垂直で組織境界面に平行な電磁場を生成するサブ波長構造体を用いて、前記波を送信することを含む、作動方法。
- 組織を通して無線電力を伝送するように構成された装置であって、
外部モジュールを備え、該外部モジュールは、
基板と、
前記基板上に配置された少なくとも1つのサブ波長構造体であって、該少なくとも1つのサブ波長構造体に与えられる励起信号に応答して無線周波数電力信号を送信するように構成された少なくとも1つのサブ波長構造体と、
前記少なくとも1つのサブ波長構造体に結合された少なくとも1つの無線周波数ポートと、
前記少なくとも1つの無線周波数ポートに結合された電圧または電流源と、
前記電圧または電流源を用いて前記少なくとも1つの無線周波数ポートおよびサブ波長構造体の励起を管理して、組織の外側のエバネッセント場を操作し、前記組織の内側に伝搬場を生成し、それによって前記組織内に空間的に集束した場を生成するように構成された制御装置と、を含み、
前記外部モジュールから送信された前記電力信号は移植可能モジュールによって受け取られるように構成され、前記移植可能モジュールは、前記組織のパラメータを感知するように構成される少なくとも1つのセンサー、または前記組織に刺激を与えるように構成される少なくとも1つの刺激装置を含む、装置。 - 請求項14に記載の装置であって、前記少なくとも1つのサブ波長構造体の各々が、それぞれの独立した無線周波数ポートに結合されている、装置。
- 組織を通して無線電力を伝送するように構成された装置であって、
外部モジュールを備え、該外部モジュールは、
組織の外側のエバネッセント場を操作して該組織の内側に伝搬場を生成し、それによって前記組織内に空間的に適応可能な電磁場を生成して無線周波数電力信号を送信するように構成され配置された、複数のサブ波長構造体と、
前記複数のサブ波長構造体のそれぞれ1つを個別に励起し、それによって前記空間的に適応可能な電磁場を生成するように構成され配置された、複数の独立した供給ポートと、
ピーク表面電磁場を再分配して、許容可能な無線周波数出力電力を増加させるように構成された制御装置と、を備え、
前記外部モジュールから送信された前記電力信号は移植可能モジュールによって受け取られるように構成され、前記移植可能モジュールは、前記組織のパラメータを感知するように構成される少なくとも1つのセンサー、または前記組織に刺激を与えるように構成される少なくとも1つの刺激装置を含む、装置。 - 請求項16に記載の装置であって、前記複数のサブ波長構造体が、組織内に適応ステアリング磁場を生成するようにさらに構成され配置された、装置。
- 請求項16に記載の装置であって、前記空間的に集束し且つ適応可能なステアリング磁場/信号が、300MHzと3000MHzの間の周波数を有する、装置。
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