JP6503730B2 - 成膜装置 - Google Patents
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- JP6503730B2 JP6503730B2 JP2014259156A JP2014259156A JP6503730B2 JP 6503730 B2 JP6503730 B2 JP 6503730B2 JP 2014259156 A JP2014259156 A JP 2014259156A JP 2014259156 A JP2014259156 A JP 2014259156A JP 6503730 B2 JP6503730 B2 JP 6503730B2
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 261
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 93
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 57
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 21
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
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- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 110
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 28
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
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- -1 CH 3 OH Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH2]Cl MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- AEZYJGQBWAYALH-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C(C)(C)C)CCCCC.CC(C(C)(C)C)CCCCC.[Sr] Chemical compound CC(C(C)(C)C)CCCCC.CC(C(C)(C)C)CCCCC.[Sr] AEZYJGQBWAYALH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004356 Ti Raw Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000006309 butyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003253 isopropoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(O*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical compound [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45544—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45563—Gas nozzles
- C23C16/45565—Shower nozzles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45587—Mechanical means for changing the gas flow
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45587—Mechanical means for changing the gas flow
- C23C16/45589—Movable means, e.g. fans
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45587—Mechanical means for changing the gas flow
- C23C16/45591—Fixed means, e.g. wings, baffles
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Description
ALD法においては、原料ガスの供給と反応ガスの供給との間に雰囲気を置換するための置換ガスの供給を行う必要がある。そのため高いスループットを得るには、雰囲気の置換を迅速に行うことが重要であり、かつ成膜される膜の膜厚の面内均一性が良好なことが求められる。
ガス供給構造としては例えば特許文献1に記載されたようにシャワーヘッドから処理容器内に処理ガスを供給する装置が知られているが、シャワーヘッド内における処理ガスの分散性が悪く、成膜された膜の膜厚の面内均一性が悪いという課題があった。
前記処理室に設けられ、基板が載置される載置部と、
前記載置部の上方側に位置する天井部を構成し、ガスをシャワー状に吹き出すための複数のガス噴出孔が形成されると共に平面的に見て最も外側のガス噴出孔が基板の外周縁よりも外側に位置しているガス拡散板部と、
前記ガス拡散板部の上方側にガスの拡散空間を介して対向する対向部に設けられ、各々前記拡散空間に横方向にガスを分散させるようにその周方向に沿ってガス吐出口が形成された複数のガス分散部と、
前記処理室内の真空排気を行う真空排気部と、を備え、
前記複数のガス分散部は、平面的に見て前記載置部上の基板の中心部を中心とする第1の円に沿って等間隔に配置された3個以上の第1のガス分散部と、前記第1の円と同心で第1の円の外側に位置する第2の円に沿って等間隔に配置された5個以上の第2のガス分散部と、を備えたことを特徴とする。
直径300mm(半径150mm)のウエハWに対して、拡散空間50の直径が310mmのシャワーヘッド5を載置台2上のウエハWの中央部の上方位置に配置すると、シャワーヘッド5の最も外側のガス噴出孔511は平面的に見て、ウエハWの外縁よりも外側に位置することになる。
天板部材31の下面には、前記第1のガス分散部4Aの台座部43が挿入される凹部が1か所と、前記第2のガス分散部の台座部44が挿入される凹部が8か所形成されている。
図7(a)、(b)は、夫々第1のガス分散部4A、及び第2のガス分散部4Bの縦断面図を示す。このように各台座部43、44を対応する凹部内に嵌合させたとき、第1のヘッド部41A及び第2のヘッド部41Bが、天板部材31の下面から拡散空間50内に突出した状態となる。
ここで台座部43、44と天板部材31との間に反応ガスが侵入して膜が成膜され、これらの部材に固着すると、第1及び第2のガス分散部4A、4Bを取り外す際などにパーティクルが発生する原因となる。そこで、本例の台座部43、44は、このようなパーティクルの発生を抑制できる構成となっている。
第1及び第2のガス分散部4A、4Bは、図4に示すように平面的に見るとウエハWの中心部を囲む二重の円に沿って配置されており、拡散空間50の中央部にてウエハWの径方向、周方向に集約されているいわば二重のガス分散部4A、4Bが各々ガス分散源になっている。更にこの例では、外側の第2のガス分散部4Bの配列の間に臨むように内側の第1のガス分散部4Aが配置されていることから、このガス分散源からガスが周方向のガス濃度の均一性が高い状態で外側に広がっていく。
こうして拡散空間50内に吐出されたガスは、シャワーヘッド5の多数のガス噴出孔511を通過するときに圧損により十分に速度が低下し、図9に示すように処理空間313に分散して供給される。
(実施例1)
図1に示した成膜装置を用い、ウエハWに実施の形態に示したALD法により成膜を行い窒化チタン膜の膜厚の面内均一性を調べた。原料ガスとして塩化チタンガス、反応ガスとしてアンモニアガスを用い、成膜時の設定温度を530℃に設定し目標膜厚150Åとする成膜処理と、設定温度を440℃に設定し目標膜厚100Åとする成膜処理と、を行った。
(実施例2)
第1のガス分散部4Aの第1のヘッド部41Aを第2のガス分散部4Bの第2のヘッド部41Bに代えたことを除いて、実施例1と同様の条件で成膜処理を行った。
(比較例)
第1のガス分散部4Aに代えて、第2のガス分散部4Bと同じ大きさのガス拡散部を、拡散空間50の中心部に1つ設けたことを除いて、実施例1と同様の条件で成膜処理を行った。
(表1)
(表2)
この結果によれば、図11及び表1に示すように成膜温度を530℃に設定した場合には、比較例においては、ウエハWの中央部の膜厚が厚く、中心部から50mm程度の位置において膜厚が薄くなり、更に外周側において膜厚が厚くなっていることがわかる。また膜厚の最大値と最小値との差は、12.0Åであり、1σ%の値は、2.0であった。
一方実施例1、2においては、膜厚の最大値と最小値との差は各々1.6Åであった。更に1σ%の値も0.3となっていた。
これに対して実施例1では、ウエハWの中心部において膜厚が薄くなっており、膜厚の最大値と最小値との差は1.7Åであった。更に実施例2においても、実施例1と同様にウエハWの中心部において膜厚が低くなっており、膜厚の最大値と最小値との差は1.9Åであり、1σ%の値は、0.4であった。
以上の結果から成膜処理の温度が440℃、530℃のいずれの場合においても膜厚の面内均一性について実施例1、2の方が比較例よりも優れていることが分かる。
この結果によれば本発明の成膜装置を用いて成膜することで、膜厚の面内均一性が良好になるといえる。
2 載置台
4A 第1のガス分散部
4B 第2のガス分散部
5 シャワーヘッド
31 天板部
65 排気部
W ウエハ
Claims (5)
- 真空雰囲気である処理室内の基板に対して互いに反応する複数種類の反応ガスを順番に供給し、一の反応ガスの供給と次の反応ガスの供給との間に置換用のガスを供給して成膜処理を行う成膜装置において、
前記処理室に設けられ、基板が載置される載置部と、
前記載置部の上方側に位置する天井部を構成し、ガスをシャワー状に吹き出すための複数のガス噴出孔が形成されると共に平面的に見て最も外側のガス噴出孔が基板の外周縁よりも外側に位置しているガス拡散板部と、
前記ガス拡散板部の上方側にガスの拡散空間を介して対向する対向部に設けられ、各々前記拡散空間に横方向にガスを分散させるようにその周方向に沿ってガス吐出口が形成された複数のガス分散部と、
前記処理室内の真空排気を行う真空排気部と、を備え、
前記複数のガス分散部は、平面的に見て前記載置部上の基板の中心部を中心とする第1の円に沿って等間隔に配置された3個以上の第1のガス分散部と、前記第1の円と同心で第1の円の外側に位置する第2の円に沿って等間隔に配置された5個以上の第2のガス分散部と、を備えたことを特徴とする成膜装置。 - 前記天井部における前記ガス噴出孔の配置領域よりも外側から、前記載置部の上面との間に隙間を形成するように、天井部の周方向に沿って下方側に突出して設けられた環状突起部を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の成膜装置。
- 前記第2のガス分散部の個数は第1のガス分散部の個数の2倍以上であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の成膜装置。
- 前記第1のガス分散部の下面の高さ位置は、前記第2のガス分散部の下面の高さ位置よりも高いことを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれか一項に記載の成膜装置
- 前記第2のガス分散部は、前記基板の直径の60%以内の領域に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれか一項に記載の成膜装置。
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