JP6470901B2 - 組成物、エネルギー貯蔵装置および関連する工程 - Google Patents
組成物、エネルギー貯蔵装置および関連する工程 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6470901B2 JP6470901B2 JP2013232640A JP2013232640A JP6470901B2 JP 6470901 B2 JP6470901 B2 JP 6470901B2 JP 2013232640 A JP2013232640 A JP 2013232640A JP 2013232640 A JP2013232640 A JP 2013232640A JP 6470901 B2 JP6470901 B2 JP 6470901B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- positive electrode
- electrode composition
- alkali metal
- metal halide
- aluminum
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 125
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 65
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 63
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical group [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 45
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 37
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 aluminum halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Chemical compound [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cs+] AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011698 potassium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003270 potassium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007715 potassium iodide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000873 Beta-alumina solid electrolyte Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical group Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000037427 ion transport Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001538 sodium tetrachloroaluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- TWLBWHPWXLPSNU-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Na].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ni++] Chemical compound [Na].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ni++] TWLBWHPWXLPSNU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940123973 Oxygen scavenger Drugs 0.000 description 2
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002228 NASICON Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003249 Na3Zr2Si2PO12 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000156302 Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLOUBPYRXGXXQE-UHFFFAOYSA-K [Na+].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ni++] Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ni++] VLOUBPYRXGXXQE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000022131 cell cycle Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical class O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003463 sulfur Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052645 tectosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012956 testing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002043 β-alumina solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
- H01M10/0563—Liquid materials, e.g. for Li-SOCl2 cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/39—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34 working at high temperature
- H01M10/399—Cells with molten salts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/581—Chalcogenides or intercalation compounds thereof
- H01M4/5815—Sulfides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/582—Halogenides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0048—Molten electrolytes used at high temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/463—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their shape
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
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Description
110 断面図
112 筐体
114 内側の面
116 セパレータ
118 第1の面
120 アノード室
122 第2の面
124 正極室
126 アノード集電体
128 正極集電体
130 正極組成物
132 垂直軸
Claims (5)
- 正極と負極を含むエネルギー貯蔵装置に少なくとも1回の充/放電サイクルを適用するステップを含む、エネルギー貯蔵装置を作動させる方法であって、
前記正極が、正極組成物と、溶融電解質塩とを含み、
前記正極組成物が、
ハロゲン化アルカリ金属とアルミニウムとの残部の範囲内、かつ、前記正極組成物の重量に基づいて50〜65重量パーセントの量で存在する少なくとも1つの電気活性金属と、
前記正極組成物の総重量に基づいて、35〜45重量パーセントの少なくとも1つのハロゲン化アルカリ金属と、
を含み、
前記少なくとも1つの電気活性金属が、チタン、バナジウム、ニオビウム、モリブデン、ニッケル、鉄、コバルト、クロム、マンガン、銀、アンチモン、カドミウム、スズ、鉛、銅、亜鉛から成る群から選択され、
前記少なくとも1つのハロゲン化アルカリ金属が、塩化ナトリウム、ヨウ化ナトリウム、臭化ナトリウム、フッ化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、ヨウ化カリウム、臭化カリウム、フッ化カリウム、塩化リチウム、ヨウ化リチウム、臭化リチウム、フッ化リチウム、塩化セシウムおよびそれらの組み合わせから成る群から選択され、
ヨウ化ナトリウムが、前記正極組成物中のハロゲン化アルカリ金属の重量に基づいて、1.0重量パーセントまでの量で存在し、
アルミニウムが、前記正極組成物の重量に基づいて、少なくとも1.0重量パーセントの量で存在し、
前記溶融電解質塩が、ハロゲン化アルカリ金属とハロゲン化アルミニウムの反応生成物を含み、
最初の充電時に、前記電気活性金属が、反応に利用可能なハロゲン化物の総量の90パーセントまでと反応することによって電気活性金属ハロゲン化物へと酸化する、
方法。 - 前記少なくとも1つのハロゲン化アルカリ金属が、塩化ナトリウムを含み、
最初の塩化ナトリウムの容量の少なくとも10パーセントが、前記エネルギー貯蔵装置のサイクル動作において利用されない、
請求項1に記載の方法。 - 充電時にアノードにおいて生成された金属ナトリウムの少なくとも10パーセントが、放電後も前記アノード内に残る、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記ハロゲン化アルカリ金属の少なくとも95パーセントが、前記エネルギー貯蔵装置の1回目の充電時に前記電気活性金属および/またはアルミニウムと反応する、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ハロゲン化アルカリ金属の総量の90パーセント未満が、前記最初の充電時に前記電気活性金属が電気活性金属ハロゲン化物へと酸化するのに使用される、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の方法。
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US13/675,061 US9257698B2 (en) | 2007-01-25 | 2012-11-13 | Composition, energy storage device, and related process |
US13/675,061 | 2012-11-13 |
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JP2014099401A JP2014099401A (ja) | 2014-05-29 |
JP2014099401A5 JP2014099401A5 (ja) | 2016-12-22 |
JP6470901B2 true JP6470901B2 (ja) | 2019-02-13 |
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US (1) | US9257698B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2731190A3 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6470901B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103928661B (ja) |
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KR102326627B1 (ko) * | 2014-09-04 | 2021-11-16 | 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 | 나트륨 이차전지 |
CN106469807B (zh) * | 2015-08-19 | 2019-11-26 | 通用电气公司 | 阴极组分、能量储存装置和方法 |
US9567232B1 (en) | 2015-08-20 | 2017-02-14 | General Electric Company | Method for preparing sodium chloro-aluminate |
CN107819126A (zh) * | 2016-09-14 | 2018-03-20 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | 一种金属卤化物电池的正极材料及其制备方法 |
WO2018097390A1 (ko) * | 2016-11-23 | 2018-05-31 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | 중저온 구동 나트륨계 이차 전지 및 그의 제조방법 |
EP3333964B1 (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2021-03-03 | General Electric Company | Treatment processes for electrochemical cells |
JP7018571B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-13 | 2022-02-14 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 固体電解質及びそれを用いた二次電池 |
CN111416152B (zh) * | 2020-03-27 | 2022-04-15 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | 电化学装置及包括其的电子装置 |
CN113793920B (zh) * | 2021-08-09 | 2023-07-25 | 华中科技大学 | 一种金属锂表面原位锂铝合金层的筑构方法与应用 |
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US5972533A (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 1999-10-26 | Electro Chemical Holdings Societe Anonyme | Electrochemical cell comprising a molten salt electrolyte containing sodium iodide |
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JP2010514142A (ja) * | 2006-12-19 | 2010-04-30 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | 銅を主体とするエネルギー蓄積装置及び方法 |
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CN101734911B (zh) * | 2009-12-22 | 2013-04-10 | 南京工业大学 | 一种Na-β″-Al2O3固体电解质的制备方法 |
CN101752614A (zh) * | 2010-01-12 | 2010-06-23 | 南京工业大学 | 一种新型低成本高密度钠-氯化镍单体电池及其电池组 |
US20140030596A1 (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2014-01-30 | Huiqing Wu | Cathode for sodium-metal halide battery, battery comprising the same, methods for preparing the same and use thereof |
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EP2731190A3 (en) | 2014-07-30 |
CN103928661A (zh) | 2014-07-16 |
EP2731190A2 (en) | 2014-05-14 |
CN103928661B (zh) | 2018-05-08 |
US9257698B2 (en) | 2016-02-09 |
US20140132221A1 (en) | 2014-05-15 |
JP2014099401A (ja) | 2014-05-29 |
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