JP6463330B2 - 土壌の保水性を有効に高める湿潤剤組成物およびその特定のための関連方法 - Google Patents
土壌の保水性を有効に高める湿潤剤組成物およびその特定のための関連方法 Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F283/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
- C08G65/2603—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen
- C08G65/2606—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxyl groups
- C08G65/2609—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxyl groups containing aliphatic hydroxyl groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
- C08G65/2603—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen
- C08G65/2606—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxyl groups
- C08G65/2612—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxyl groups containing aromatic or arylaliphatic hydroxyl groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L71/02—Polyalkylene oxides
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
- C09K17/18—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Polyethers (AREA)
Description
Yは、x個の反応性ヒドロキシ基を有する有機化合物に由来し、
Zは、エチレンオキシドとプロピレンオキシドとのアルコキシル化反応生成物に由来するヘテロコポリマーを表し、
下付文字aは、ゼロまたは正数であり、
下付文字bは、ゼロまたは正数であり、
下付文字cは、ゼロまたは正数であり、
下付文字aは、下付文字bがゼロである場合に正数であり、下付文字bは、下付文字aがゼロである場合に正数であり、および
下付文字xは、1以上である]
によるポリオール組成物を含む。
Phは、フェニル基であり;
Yは、x個の反応性ヒドロキシ基を有する有機化合物に由来し;
Zは、エチレンオキシドとプロピレンオキシドとのアルコキシル化反応生成物に由来するヘテロコポリマーを表し、
下付文字aは、ゼロまたは正数であり、
下付文字bは、ゼロまたは正数であり、
下付文字cは、ゼロまたは正数であり、
下付文字dは、正数であり、
下付文字aは、下付文字bがゼロである場合に正数であり、
下付文字bは、下付文字aがゼロである場合に正数であり、および
下付文字xは、1以上である]
によるポリオール組成物を含む。
1.一般式
一般に、一般式
一般に、試料Jの製造方法は以下の通りである。まず、試料H(上記第2表に示されるポリエーテルポリオール)、アクリル酸、マクロマー、反応調整剤、および遊離ラジカル重合開始剤を、同時に反応器に導入した。次に、アクリル酸、マクロマー、および反応調整剤を、遊離ラジカル重合開始剤の存在下に反応させて、加熱した。製造したグラフトポリオール分散液(試料J)は、試料H中に分散されたポリアクリル酸ホモポリマー15質量%を含んでいた。
土壌試料を手でバラバラにして、10番のふるい(目開き0.0787インチ)にかけた。前記土壌の含水率を105℃のmoisture balanceで測定したため、土壌中の湿潤剤の量は、土壌の乾燥重量を基準とした。次に、脱イオン水中の第1表のポリオール組成物2000、5000および8000ppmの溶液を作製した。
前記土壌試料の含水率を、2つのMettler moisutre balanceで測定した。1つのmoisture balanceは、土壌試料3.1〜3.2グラムを、等温温度40℃で設定点4まで乾燥させた。もう1つのmoisutre balanceは、土壌試料5.3〜5.4グラムを等温温度105℃で設定点3まで乾燥させた。最大7種の試料を、土壌、湿潤剤および湿潤剤レベルの組み合わせそれぞれで試験して、試験回数は、土壌の密度および入手可能な試料の量によって変化させた。周囲温度および相対湿度は、それぞれテスト実行時に測定した。
Claims (5)
- 土壌の保水率を高めるための方法であって、
以下のステップ:
(a)土壌の平均含水率を、最小湿潤剤濃度レベルで測定するステップ、
(b)湿潤剤組成物を、最小湿潤剤濃度レベルを超える第一湿潤剤濃度レベルで土壌に施与するステップ、
(c)前記施与された湿潤剤組成物を有する土壌の平均含水率を、第一湿潤剤濃度レベルで測定するステップ、
(d)前記湿潤剤組成物を、第一湿潤剤濃度レベルを超える最大湿潤剤濃度レベルで土壌に施与するステップ、
(e)前記施与された湿潤剤組成物を有する土壌の平均含水率を最大湿潤剤濃度レベルで測定するステップ、
(f)前記土壌の平均含水率を、最小湿潤剤濃度レベルから最大湿潤剤濃度レベルまでの施与された湿潤剤濃度レベルでプロットして平均勾配曲線を作成するステップ、および
(g)ステップ(f)の作成された平均勾配曲線が、最小湿潤剤濃度レベルから最大湿潤剤濃度レベルまでの平均勾配曲線の全長にわたって平均含水率の増加を示し、かつ前記作成された平均勾配曲線が、0.05またはそれ未満のp値を有する場合に、前記湿潤剤組成物が土壌の保水性を高めるのに有効な湿潤剤組成物であることを決定するステップ:
によって土壌に有効な湿潤剤組成物を特定する工程;ならびに
前記有効な湿潤剤組成物の有効量を土壌に施与する工程を含み、
ここで、前記ステップ(a)、(c)および(e)の土壌の平均含水率が、水分率計を使用して測定され、かつ、前記有効な湿潤剤組成物が、一般式
Yは、x個の反応性ヒドロキシ基を有する有機化合物に由来し;
Zは、エチレンオキシドとプロピレンオキシドとのアルコキシル化反応生成物に由来するヘテロコポリマーを表し、
下付文字aは、ゼロまたは正数であり、
下付文字bは、ゼロまたは正数であり、
下付文字cは、ゼロまたは正数であり、
下付文字aは、下付文字bがゼロである場合に正数であり、下付文字bは、下付文字aがゼロである場合に正数であり、および
下付文字xは、1以上である]
のポリオール組成物を含む、前記方法。 - 最小湿潤剤濃度レベルが0であり、および/または最大湿潤剤濃度レベルが土壌百万部あたり前記湿潤剤組成物86.5部である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 土壌に有効な湿潤剤組成物を特定する工程が、さらに以下のステップ:
(h)前記湿潤剤組成物を、第一湿潤剤濃度レベルを超え、かつ最大湿潤剤濃度レベルに満たない第二湿潤剤濃度レベルで土壌に施与するステップ;および
(i)前記施与された湿潤剤組成物を有する土壌の平均含水率を、第二湿潤剤濃度レベルで、水分率計を使用して測定するステップ
を含む、請求項1または2に記載の方法。 - 前記有効な湿潤剤組成物が、土壌であるDinuba soil、Los Banos soil、Lubbock soil、およびNabraska soilからなる群から選択される少なくとも3種の土壌に有効な湿潤剤組成物を含む、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記有効な湿潤剤濃度の有効量を、最小湿潤剤濃度レベルを超え、かつ最大湿潤剤濃度レベルに満たないか、または該レベルと同等の量で前記土壌に施与し、および/または前記有効な湿潤剤濃度の有効量を、土壌百万部あたり前記有効な湿潤剤組成物0超〜86.5部の範囲の量で前記土壌に施与する、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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PCT/US2014/025504 WO2014159948A2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2014-03-13 | Humectant compositions that effectively increase moisture retention in soil and associated methods for identifying same |
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CA2985261A1 (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2016-11-17 | Basf Se | Process for increasing the wetting rate of hydrophobic media with a wetting composition |
CN111050550A (zh) * | 2017-09-20 | 2020-04-21 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 具有增加的保水性的经处理的植物生长培养基 |
WO2020221919A1 (en) * | 2019-05-01 | 2020-11-05 | Novochem Green Additives 2 B.V. | Crop enhancement composition |
BR112022004347A8 (pt) | 2019-09-11 | 2022-10-18 | Bayer Ag | Formulações altamente eficazes à base de 2-[(2,4-diclorofenil)-metil]-4,4'-dimetil-3-isoxazolidinona e herbicidas de pré-emergência |
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