JP2016521965A - 土壌の保水性を有効に高める湿潤剤組成物およびその特定のための関連方法 - Google Patents
土壌の保水性を有効に高める湿潤剤組成物およびその特定のための関連方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
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- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
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Abstract
Description
Yは、x個の反応性ヒドロキシ基を有する有機化合物に由来し、
Zは、エチレンオキシドとプロピレンオキシドとのアルコキシル化反応生成物に由来するヘテロコポリマーを表し、
下付文字aは、ゼロまたは正数であり、
下付文字bは、ゼロまたは正数であり、
下付文字cは、ゼロまたは正数であり、
下付文字aは、下付文字bがゼロである場合に正数であり、下付文字bは、下付文字aがゼロである場合に正数であり、および
下付文字xは、1以上である]
によるポリオール組成物を含む。
Phは、フェニル基であり;
Yは、x個の反応性ヒドロキシ基を有する有機化合物に由来し;
Zは、エチレンオキシドとプロピレンオキシドとのアルコキシル化反応生成物に由来するヘテロコポリマーを表し、
下付文字aは、ゼロまたは正数であり、
下付文字bは、ゼロまたは正数であり、
下付文字cは、ゼロまたは正数であり、
下付文字dは、正数であり、
下付文字aは、下付文字bがゼロである場合に正数であり、
下付文字bは、下付文字aがゼロである場合に正数であり、および
下付文字xは、1以上である]
によるポリオール組成物を含む。
1.一般式
一般に、一般式
一般に、試料Jの製造方法は以下の通りである。まず、試料H(上記第2表に示されるポリエーテルポリオール)、アクリル酸、マクロマー、反応調整剤、および遊離ラジカル重合開始剤を、同時に反応器に導入した。次に、アクリル酸、マクロマー、および反応調整剤を、遊離ラジカル重合開始剤の存在下に反応させて、加熱した。製造したグラフトポリオール分散液(試料J)は、試料H中に分散されたポリアクリル酸ホモポリマー15質量%を含んでいた。
土壌試料を手でバラバラにして、10番のふるい(目開き0.0787インチ)にかけた。前記土壌の含水率を105℃のmoisture balanceで測定したため、土壌中の湿潤剤の量は、土壌の乾燥重量を基準とした。次に、脱イオン水中の第1表のポリオール組成物2000、5000および8000ppmの溶液を作製した。
前記土壌試料の含水率を、2つのMettler moisutre balanceで測定した。1つのmoisture balanceは、土壌試料3.1〜3.2グラムを、等温温度40℃で設定点4まで乾燥させた。もう1つのmoisutre balanceは、土壌試料5.3〜5.4グラムを等温温度105℃で設定点3まで乾燥させた。最大7種の試料を、土壌、湿潤剤および湿潤剤レベルの組み合わせそれぞれで試験して、試験回数は、土壌の密度および入手可能な試料の量によって変化させた。周囲温度および相対湿度は、それぞれテスト実行時に測定した。
Claims (20)
- 土壌の保水率を高めるための方法であって、以下:
土壌に有効な湿潤剤組成物を、以下の工程:
(a)土壌の平均含水率を、最小湿潤剤濃度レベルで測定する工程、
(b)前記湿潤剤組成物を、最小湿潤剤濃度レベルを超える第一湿潤剤濃度レベルで土壌に施与する工程、
(c)前記施与された湿潤剤組成物を有する土壌の平均含水率を、第一湿潤剤濃度レベルで測定する工程、
(d)前記湿潤剤組成物を、第一湿潤剤濃度レベルを超える最大湿潤剤濃度レベルで土壌に施与する工程、
(e)前記施与された湿潤剤組成物を有する土壌の平均含水率を最大湿潤剤濃度レベルで測定する工程、
(f)前記土壌の平均含水率を、最小湿潤剤濃度レベルから最大湿潤剤濃度レベルまでの施与された湿潤剤濃度レベルでプロットして平均勾配曲線を作成する工程、
(g)工程(f)の作成された平均勾配曲線が、最小湿潤剤濃度レベルから最大湿潤剤濃度レベルまでの平均勾配曲線の全長にわたって、平均含水率の増加を示し、かつ前記作成された平均勾配曲線が、0.05またはそれ未満のp値を有する場合に、前記湿潤剤組成物が土壌の保水性を高めるのに有効な湿潤剤組成物であることを決定する工程:
によって特定すること;ならびに
前記有効な湿潤剤組成物の有効量を土壌に施与することを含む前記方法。 - 最小湿潤剤濃度レベルが0である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 最大湿潤剤濃度レベルが、土壌百万部あたり前記湿潤剤組成物86.5部である、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 土壌に有効な湿潤剤組成物を特定する工程が、さらに以下の工程:
(h)前記湿潤剤組成物を、第一湿潤剤濃度レベルを超え、かつ最大湿潤剤濃度レベルに満たない第二湿潤剤濃度レベルで土壌に施与する工程;および
(i)前記施与された湿潤剤組成物を有する土壌の平均含水率を、第二湿潤剤濃度レベルで測定する工程
を含む、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記有効な湿潤剤組成物が、土壌であるDinuba soil、Los Banos soil、Lubbock soil、およびNabraska soilからなる群から選択される少なくとも3種の土壌に有効な湿潤剤組成物を含む、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記有効な湿潤剤濃度の有効量を、最小湿潤剤濃度レベルを超え、かつ最大湿潤剤濃度レベルに満たないか、または該レベルと同等の量で前記土壌に施与する、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記有効な湿潤剤濃度の有効量を、土壌百万部あたり前記有効な湿潤剤組成物0超〜86.5部の範囲の量で前記土壌に施与する、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 土壌であるDinuba soil、Los Banos soil、Lubbock soil、およびNebraska soilからなる群から選択される少なくとも3種の土壌に有効な湿潤剤組成物を含む、請求項8に記載の湿潤剤組成物。
- 前記ポリオール組成物の質量平均分子量が、2000〜6000g/molの範囲にある、請求項8または9に記載の湿潤剤組成物。
- 前記有機化合物が、反応性ヒドロキシ基の数が異なる、少なくとも2種の有機化合物の混合物を含む、請求項8から10までのいずれか1項に記載の湿潤剤組成物。
- 前記Zのアルコキシル化反応生成物が、さらにブチレンオキシドを含む、請求項8から11までのいずれか1項に記載の湿潤剤組成物。
- 前記Zのアルコキシル化反応生成物が、さらにスチレンオキシドを含む、請求項8から12までのいずれか1項に記載の湿潤剤組成物。
- (CH2CHCH3O)cが、存在しており、かつ前記ポリオール組成物の総質量の多くても10質量%を構成する、請求項8から13までのいずれか1項に記載の湿潤剤組成物。
- 前記ポリオール組成物が、以下:
(i)三官能性アルコール3質量%、
(ii)エチレンオキシド10〜15質量%、および
(iii)プロピレンオキシド82〜87質量%
の反応生成物を含み、
ここで、成分(i)〜(iii)の質量%は、前記ポリオール組成物の総質量を基準としており;および
ここで、前記反応生成物が、多くても10質量%のプロピレンオキシドでキャップ化される、
請求項8から10までのいずれか1項に記載の湿潤剤組成物。 - (i)単官能性アルコールまたは二官能性アルコール3〜8質量%、
(ii)エチレンオキシド82〜87質量%、および
(iii)プロピレンオキシド0〜10質量%、
の反応生成物を含む第二ポリオール組成物を含み、
ここで、成分(i)〜(iii)の質量%は、第二ポリオール組成物の総質量を基準としており;および
ここで、第二ポリオール組成物の質量平均分子量は、2000〜6000g/molの範囲である、
請求項16に記載の湿潤剤組成物。 - 前記ポリオール組成物が、以下:
(i)3個のOH官能基を有するポリオール2.5〜3.1質量%、
(ii)エチレンオキシド50〜80質量%、および
(iii)プロピレンオキシド16.9〜47.5質量%、
の反応生成物を含み、
ここで、成分(i)〜(iii)の質量%は、前記ポリオール組成物の総質量を基準としており、および、ここで、該ポリオール組成物は、2000〜6000g/molの範囲の質量平均分子量を有する、
請求項8に記載の湿潤剤組成物。 - 請求項8から15までのいずれか1項、または請求項18に記載のポリオール組成物中に分散されたポリアクリル酸ホモポリマー5〜25質量%をさらに含む湿潤剤組成物。
- 土壌;および
土壌百万部あたり前記湿潤剤組成物0超〜86.5部の範囲の有効量で前記土壌に施与される、請求項8から19のいずれか1項に記載の湿潤剤組成物
を含む処理された土壌。
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WO2020221919A1 (en) * | 2019-05-01 | 2020-11-05 | Novochem Green Additives 2 B.V. | Crop enhancement composition |
BR112022004347A8 (pt) | 2019-09-11 | 2022-10-18 | Bayer Ag | Formulações altamente eficazes à base de 2-[(2,4-diclorofenil)-metil]-4,4'-dimetil-3-isoxazolidinona e herbicidas de pré-emergência |
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