JP6462019B2 - 積層造形ワークピースの放射線及びct検査方法 - Google Patents
積層造形ワークピースの放射線及びct検査方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6462019B2 JP6462019B2 JP2017020008A JP2017020008A JP6462019B2 JP 6462019 B2 JP6462019 B2 JP 6462019B2 JP 2017020008 A JP2017020008 A JP 2017020008A JP 2017020008 A JP2017020008 A JP 2017020008A JP 6462019 B2 JP6462019 B2 JP 6462019B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 71
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title description 10
- 239000002872 contrast media Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical group [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000487 osmium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- JIWAALDUIFCBLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoosmium Chemical compound [Os]=O JIWAALDUIFCBLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000684 Cobalt-chrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000820 Os alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010952 cobalt-chrome Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002907 osmium Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003657 tungsten Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc iodide Chemical compound I[Zn]I UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011960 computer-aided design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010603 microCT Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WAIPAZQMEIHHTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr].[Co] Chemical compound [Cr].[Co] WAIPAZQMEIHHTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013170 computed tomography imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940039231 contrast media Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920013657 polymer matrix composite Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011160 polymer matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007528 sand casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
- G01N23/046—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material using tomography, e.g. computed tomography [CT]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption
- G01N23/083—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption the radiation being X-rays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/40—Imaging
- G01N2223/404—Imaging contrast medium
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/60—Specific applications or type of materials
- G01N2223/646—Specific applications or type of materials flaws, defects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Description
[実施態様1]
1以上の内部通路を有するワークピースに対し、造影剤を含有する造影剤スラリーを塗工する工程と、
ワークピースの内部通路内に、造影剤又はその酸化物を堆積させる工程と、
放射線探傷検査技術を使用して、ワークピースを検査する工程と、
ワークピースの内部通路から造影剤を除去する工程とを含む、検査方法。
[実施態様2]
造影剤はタングステン、塩又はそれらの合金である、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様3]
造影剤はオスミウム、塩又はそれらの合金である、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様4]
ワークピースを加熱すると、造影剤の少なくとも一部が酸化する、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様5]
堆積する工程が、ワークピースを加熱して、スラリーの液体成分の少なくとも一部を蒸発させる工程を含む、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様6]
除去する工程が浸出する工程を含む、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様7]
浸出する工程を、フッ化水素酸又はアンモニアを使用して実施する、実施態様2に記載の方法。
[実施態様8]
造影剤はタングステンを含み、加熱により、タングステン酸化物が生成され、浸出する工程を、フッ化水素酸洗浄液を使用して実施する、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様9]
造影剤はオスミウムを含み、加熱により、オスミウム酸化物が生成され、浸出する工程を、アンモニウム洗浄液を使用して実施する、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様10]
ワークピースは鉄、鋼、コバルトクロム、インコネル、アルミニウム、及びチタンを含む、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様11]
造影剤を塗工する前に、交互積層によりワークピースを形成する、実施態様1に記載の方法であって、
(a)粉末床に粉末の層を注入して溶融領域を形成する工程と、
(b)粉末床の第1側部から粉末床にリコーターアームを通すことにより、粉末床に後続の粉末層を設ける工程と、
(c)粉末床にワークピースが形成されるまで、(a)と(b)とを繰り返す工程と、
(d)粉末床からワークピースを除去する工程とを含む、方法。
[実施態様12]
造影剤を塗工する前に、精密鋳造プロセスを使用して、ワークピースを製造する、実施態様1に記載の方法であって、精密鋳造プロセスは、
鋳造コアと外側シェル鋳型とを備えた鋳型に液体金属を注入して固化させ、鋳造部品を形成する工程と、
外側シェル鋳型と鋳造コアとを除去する工程とを含む、方法。
[実施態様13]
鋳造コアを除去する工程は浸出工程を含む、実施態様12に記載の方法。
[実施態様14]
液体金属を注入する前に、プロセスを使用して鋳型を製造する工程をさらに含む、実施態様12に記載の方法であって、プロセスは、
鋳造コアの少なくとも一部を使い捨てパターン材料で包囲して、コアアセンブリを形成する工程と、
コアアセンブリの周辺に外側シェル鋳型を形成する工程と、
外側シェル鋳型から使い捨てパターン材料を除去する工程とを含む、方法。
[実施態様15]
使い捨てパターン材料がワックス又はプラスチックである、実施態様14に記載の方法。
Claims (15)
- 検査方法であって、
1以上の内部通路を有するワークピースに対し、ワークピースを構成する物質と非反応性の金属物質であって、タングステンを基準とする高原子番号の金属物質を含む造影剤を含有する造影剤スラリーを塗工する工程と、
ワークピースの内部通路内に、造影剤又はその酸化物を堆積させる工程と、
放射線探傷検査技術を使用して、ワークピースを検査する工程と、
ワークピースの内部通路から造影剤を除去する工程と
を含む方法。 - 造影剤がタングステン、タングステン塩又はタングステン合金である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 造影剤がオスミウム、オスミウム塩又はオスミウム合金である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ワークピースを加熱すると、造影剤の少なくとも一部が酸化する、請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 堆積工程が、ワークピースを加熱して、スラリーの液体成分の少なくとも一部を蒸発させる工程を含む、請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 除去工程が浸出する工程を含む、請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 浸出工程が、フッ化水素酸又はアンモニアを使用して実施される、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 造影剤がタングステンを含み、加熱により、タングステン酸化物が生成され、浸出工程を、フッ化水素酸洗浄液を使用して実施する、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 造影剤がオスミウムを含み、加熱により、オスミウム酸化物が生成され、浸出工程を、アンモニウム洗浄液を使用して実施する、請求項3に記載の方法。
- ワークピースが鉄、鋼、コバルトクロム、インコネル、アルミニウム、及びチタンを含む、請求項1乃至9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 造影剤を塗工する前に、交互積層によりワークピースを形成する、請求項1乃至10のいずれかに記載の方法であって、
(a)粉末床に粉末の層を注入して溶融領域を形成する工程と、
(b)粉末床の第1側部から粉末床にリコーターアームを通すことにより、粉末床に後続の粉末層を設ける工程と、
(c)粉末床にワークピースが形成されるまで、(a)と(b)とを繰り返す工程と、
(d)粉末床からワークピースを除去する工程と
を含む、方法。 - 造影剤を塗工する前に、精密鋳造プロセスを使用して、ワークピースを製造する、請求項1乃至10のいずれかに記載の方法であって、精密鋳造プロセスが、
鋳造コアと外側シェル鋳型とを備えた鋳型に液体金属を注入して固化させ、鋳造部品を形成する工程と、
外側シェル鋳型と鋳造コアとを除去する工程と
を含む、方法。 - 鋳造コアを除去する工程が浸出工程を含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 液体金属を注入する前に、プロセスを使用して鋳型を製造する工程をさらに含む、請求項12または13に記載の方法であって、プロセスが、
鋳造コアの少なくとも一部を使い捨てパターン材料で包囲して、コアアセンブリを形成する工程と、
コアアセンブリの周辺に外側シェル鋳型を形成する工程と、
外側シェル鋳型から使い捨てパターン材料を除去する工程と
を含む、方法。 - 使い捨てパターン材料がワックス又はプラスチックである、請求項14に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/044,921 | 2016-02-16 | ||
US15/044,921 US9989482B2 (en) | 2016-02-16 | 2016-02-16 | Methods for radiographic and CT inspection of additively manufactured workpieces |
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JP2019128288A (ja) * | 2018-01-25 | 2019-08-01 | 三井化学株式会社 | きずの観察方法 |
JP7281994B2 (ja) * | 2019-08-02 | 2023-05-26 | 東芝Itコントロールシステム株式会社 | 非破壊解析装置 |
JP2021096087A (ja) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-24 | 株式会社島津製作所 | 非破壊検査用造影剤および非破壊検査方法 |
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