JP6452630B2 - 含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤、電子顕微鏡観察用キット、電子顕微鏡による観察、診断、評価、定量の方法並びに試料台 - Google Patents
含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤、電子顕微鏡観察用キット、電子顕微鏡による観察、診断、評価、定量の方法並びに試料台 Download PDFInfo
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- GGHPAKFFUZUEKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hexadecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O GGHPAKFFUZUEKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- RIRRNZUBFFOHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;phosphoric acid;acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O.OP(O)(O)=O RIRRNZUBFFOHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UPUIQOIQVMNQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;tetradecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O UPUIQOIQVMNQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000008279 sol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940057429 sorbitan isostearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011067 sorbitan monolaureate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229950011392 sorbitan stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019337 sorbitan trioleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960000391 sorbitan trioleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001589 sorbitan tristearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011078 sorbitan tristearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004129 sorbitan tristearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019710 soybean protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- SFVFIFLLYFPGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-M stearalkonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 SFVFIFLLYFPGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940057981 stearalkonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940102548 stearalkonium hectorite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940114926 stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940072873 stearoyl glutamic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003637 steroidlike Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012353 t test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940104261 taurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003080 taurine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DINKXUCRJBUQAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 5-bromopyridine-3-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CN=CC(Br)=C1 DINKXUCRJBUQAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJQWBACJIAKDTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC BJQWBACJIAKDTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRZGMTHQPGNLEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl propionate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CC YRZGMTHQPGNLEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFIYFFUAOQKJJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraoctylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[P+](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC WFIYFFUAOQKJJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001385 thiamine disulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 206010043554 thrombocytopenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZCIHMQAPACOQHT-ZGMPDRQDSA-N trans-isorenieratene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/c1c(C)ccc(C)c1C)C=CC=C(/C)C=Cc2c(C)ccc(C)c2C ZCIHMQAPACOQHT-ZGMPDRQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)CC(O)=O ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HJHUXWBTVVFLQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl(methyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](C)(CCCC)CCCC HJHUXWBTVVFLQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCBRTSYWJMECAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl(tetradecyl)phosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC YCBRTSYWJMECAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940061629 trideceth-9 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SWZDQOUHBYYPJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(CCCCCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCCCCC SWZDQOUHBYYPJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCLVFLIIJODTJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl(octyl)phosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[P+](CC)(CC)CC QCLVFLIIJODTJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGXJWHBYXNYHML-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl(pentyl)phosphanium Chemical compound CCCCC[P+](CC)(CC)CC RGXJWHBYXNYHML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQBIADNTNBDLCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl(tetradecyl)phosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[P+](CC)(CC)CC HQBIADNTNBDLCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCZKTXKOKMXREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylsulfanium Chemical compound CC[S+](CC)CC WCZKTXKOKMXREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFZKOODUSFUFIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoro phosphate Chemical compound FOP(=O)(OF)OF JFZKOODUSFUFIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940057400 trihydroxystearin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UYPYRKYUKCHHIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine N-oxide Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)[O-] UYPYRKYUKCHHIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N triolein Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000004881 tumor cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tyrosine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIXPTCZPFCVOQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ubiquinone-0 Chemical compound COC1=C(OC)C(=O)C(C)=CC1=O UIXPTCZPFCVOQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003954 umbilical cord Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 241000701161 unidentified adenovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000712461 unidentified influenza virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004474 valine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940124549 vasodilator Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003071 vasodilator agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 1
- NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin A aldehyde Natural products O=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010374 vitamin B1 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019163 vitamin B12 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011715 vitamin B12 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019164 vitamin B2 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011716 vitamin B2 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011675 vitamin B5 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009492 vitamin B5 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011912 vitamin B7 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011735 vitamin B7 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019166 vitamin D Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011710 vitamin D Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003710 vitamin D derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019168 vitamin K Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011712 vitamin K Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003721 vitamin K derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940046008 vitamin d Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940046010 vitamin k Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940051021 yellow-fever virus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical class [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AFVLVVWMAFSXCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C#N)=CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 AFVLVVWMAFSXCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N β-Carotene Chemical compound CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/02—Details
- H01J37/20—Means for supporting or positioning the objects or the material; Means for adjusting diaphragms or lenses associated with the support
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
- G01N33/4833—Physical analysis of biological material of solid biological material, e.g. tissue samples, cell cultures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/5005—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells
- G01N33/5008—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics
- G01N33/5011—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics for testing antineoplastic activity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/02—Details
- H01J37/22—Optical or photographic arrangements associated with the tube
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/60—Specific applications or type of materials
- G01N2223/612—Specific applications or type of materials biological material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/70—Mechanisms involved in disease identification
- G01N2800/7023—(Hyper)proliferation
- G01N2800/7028—Cancer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2237/00—Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
- H01J2237/20—Positioning, supporting, modifying or maintaining the physical state of objects being observed or treated
- H01J2237/2002—Controlling environment of sample
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2237/00—Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
- H01J2237/20—Positioning, supporting, modifying or maintaining the physical state of objects being observed or treated
- H01J2237/2007—Holding mechanisms
Description
(1)生存環境付与成分(グリセリン):(水):糖類(グルコース):電解質(塩化ナトリウム)=20:10:0.7:0.03〜20:10:0.4:0.01
(2)生存環境付与成分(グリセリン):糖類(グルコース):電解質(塩化ナトリウム)=20:0.7:0.03〜20:0.4:0.01
(3)生存環境付与成分(グリセリン):(水):糖類(グルコース):電解質(リン酸一水素ナトリウム)=20:10:0.7:0.03〜20:10:0.4:0.01
(4)生存環境付与成分(グリセリン):糖類(グルコース):電解質(リン酸一水素ナトリウム)=20:0.7:0.03〜20:0.4:0.01
(5)生存環境付与成分(グリセリン):(水):糖類(グルコース):電解質(クエン酸)=20:10:0.7:0.03〜20:10:0.4:0.01
(6)生存環境付与成分(グリセリン):糖類(グルコース):電解質(クエン酸)=20:0.7:0.03〜20:0.4:0.01
(7)生存環境付与成分(グリセリン):(水):糖類(グルコース):電解質(乳酸カルシウム)=20:10:1:0.03〜20:10:0.4:0.01
(8)生存環境付与成分(グリセリン):糖類(グルコース):電解質(乳酸カルシウム)=20:1:0.03〜20:0.4:0.01
なお、生存環境付与成分は水を含有したものの方が、調製が容易であり、試料に塗布しやすく好ましい。
リル、セスキオレイン酸ソルビタン、セスキオレイン酸ジグリセリル、セスキステアリン酸PEG-20メチルグルコース、セスキステアリン酸ソルビタン、セスキステアリン酸メチルグルコース、セチルジメチコンコポリオール、セチルピリジウムクロリド、セチル硫酸ナトリウム、セチルリン酸DEA、セチルリン酸カリウム、セテアリルアルコール、セテアリルグルコシド・セテアリルアルコール、セテアリル硫酸ナトリウム、セテアレス-10、セテアレス-15、セテアレス-22、セテアレス-34、セテアレス-55、セテアレス-60、セテアレス-60ミリスチルグリコール、セテアレス-100、セテス-8リン酸、セテス-10、セテス-10リン酸、セテス-12、セテス-24、セテス-45、セトリモニウムクロリド、セトリモニウムサッカリン、セトリモニウムプロミド、セトレス-10、セトレス-20、セトレス-25、タロウアミドMEA、デカイソステアリン酸ポリグリセリル-10、デカオレイン酸ポリグリセリル-10、デカステアリン酸ポリグリセリル-10、デシルグルコシド、テトラオクタン酸ジグリセロールソルビタン、テトラオレイン酸ソルベス-30、テトラオレイン酸ソルベス-40、テトラオレイン酸ソルベス-60、テトラステアリン酸ソルベス-60、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸TEA、トリPEG-8アルキル(C12-15)リン酸、トリ(イソステアリン酸PEG-3)トリメチロールプロパン、トリイソステアリン酸PEG-10グリセリル、トリイソステアリン酸PEG-15水添ヒマシ油、トリイソステアリン酸PEG-20水添ヒマシ油、トリイソステアリン酸PEG-30グリセリル、トリイソステアリン酸PEG-30水添ヒマシ油、トリイソステアリン酸PEG-50グリセリル、トリイソステアリン酸PEG-50水添ヒマシ油、トリイソステアリン酸PEG-160ソルビタン、トリイソステアリン酸ポリグリセリル-2、トリオレイン酸ソルビタン、トリオレイン酸ポリグリセリル-10、トリステアリン酸PEG-3ソルビット、トリステアリン酸PEG-140グリセリル、トリステアリン酸PEG-160ソルビタン、トリステアリン酸スクロース、トリステアリン酸ソルビタン、トリステアリン酸ポリグリセリル-10トリデセス-三酢酸ナトリウム、トリデセス-六酢酸ナトリウム、トリデセス-9、トリデセス-10、トリデセス-11、トリデセス-20、トリデセス-21、トリヒドロキシステアリン、トリベヘン酸スクロース、トリラウリルアミン、トリラウレス-四リン酸、トリラウレス-四リン酸ナトリウム、乳酸脂肪酸グリセリル、ノニルノノキシノール-10、ノニルノノキシノール-100、ノノキシノール-3、ノノキシノール-4硫酸ナトリウム、ノノキシノール-6リン酸、ノノキシノール-6リン酸ナトリウム、ノノキシノール-10、ノノキシノール-10リン酸、ノノキシノール-23、ノノキシノール-50、ノノキシノール-120、パーフルオロアルキルPEGリン酸、パーフルオロアルキルリン酸DEA、パーム核脂肪酸アミドDEA、パーム核脂肪酸アミドエチルヒドロキシエチルアミノプロピオン酸ナトリウム、パーム核脂肪酸アミドプロピルベタイン、パーム脂肪酸グルタミン酸ナトリウム、パルミタミドMEA、パルミチン酸PEG-6、パルミチン酸PEG-18、パルミチン酸PEG-20、パルミチン酸スクロース、パルミチン酸ソルビタン、パルミトイルアスパラギン酸二TEA、パルミトイルメチルタウリンナトリウム、ピーナッツ油PEG-6、ヒドロキシステアリン酸グリセリル、ヒドロキシプロピルトリモニウム加水分解カゼイン、ヒドロキシプロピルトリモニウム加水分解ケラチン、ヒドロキシプロピルトリモニウム加水分解コムギタンパク、ヒドロキシプロピルトリモニウム加水分解コラーゲン、ヒドロキシプロピルトリモニウム加水分解シルク、ヒドロキシラノリン、プロピオン酸PPG-2ミリスチル、ヘプタステアリン酸ポリグリセリル-10、ヘプタデシルヒドロキシエチルカルボキシラートメチルイミダゾリニウム、ベヘナミドプロピルPGジモニウムクロリド、ベヘナミンオキシド、ベヘネス-10、ベヘネス-30、ベヘン酸グリセリル、ベヘントリモニウムクロリド、ベンザルコニウムクロリド、ペンタイソステアリン酸ポリグリセリル-10、ペンタオクタン酸ジグリセロールソルビタン、ペンタオレイン酸PEG-40ソルビット、ペンタオレイン酸ポリグリセリル-6、ペンタオレイン酸ポリグリセリル-10、ペンタステアリン酸ポリグリセリル-10、ポリアクリル酸カリウム、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム、ポリアクリル酸アンモニウム、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテルリン酸TEA、ポリオキシエチレンエーテルリン酸ナトリウム、ポリオキシエチレンオクチルエーテルリン酸、ポリオキシエチレンセチルステアリルジエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンフィトスタノール、ポリオキシエチレンブチルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンヤシ脂肪酸ジエタノールアミド、ポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテルリン酸TEA、ポリオキシプロピレンカルボキシアルキル(C14-18)ジグルコシド、ポリオキシプロピレングリセリルエーテルリン酸、ポリオキシプロピレンソルビット、ポリオレイン酸スクロース、ポリグリセリル-2オレイル、ポリステアリン酸スクロース、酢酸セチル、酢酸ラノリンアルコール、ポリバーム脂肪酸スクロース、ポリラウリン酸スクロース、ポリリシノレイン酸ポリグセリル、ポリリノール酸スクロースポロキサマー181、ポロキサマー333、ポロキサミン304、ポロキサミン901、ポロキサミン1104、ポロキサミン1302、ポロキサミン1508、マルチトールヒドロキシアルキル(C12,14)、ミリスタミドDEA、ミリスタミンオキシド、ミリスタルコニウムクロリド、ミリスチルPGヒドロキシエチルデカナミド、ミリスチルベタイン、ミリスチル硫酸ナトリウム、ミリスチン酸PEG-8、ミリスチン酸PEG-20、ミリスチン酸グリセリル、ミリスチン酸スクロース、ミリスチン酸ポリグリセリル-10、ミリスチン酸ミレス-3、ミリストイル加水分解コラーゲン、ミリストイル加水分解コラーゲンカリウム、ミリストイルグルタミン酸、ミリストイルグルタミン酸カリウム、ミリストイルグルタミン酸ナトリウム、ミリストイルサルコシンナトリウム、ミリストイルメチルアラニンナトリウム、ミリストイルメチルタウリンナトリウム、ミレス-3、ミレス-3硫酸ナトリウム、モノ酢酸モノステアリン酸グリセリル、ヤシ脂肪酸TEA、ヤシ脂肪酸グリセリル、ヤシ脂肪酸スクロース、ヤシ脂肪酸ソルビタン、ヤシ脂肪酸リシン、ラウラミドDEA、ラウラミドMEA、ラウラミドプロピルベタイン、ラウラミノジ酢酸ナトリウム、ラウラミノプロピオン酸、ラウラミノプロピオン酸ナトリウム、ラウラミンオキシド、ラウリミノジプロピオン酸ナトリウム、ラウリルDEA、ラウリルイソキノリニウムサッカリン、ラウリルイソキノリニウムプロミド、ラウリルグルコシド、ラウリルジアミノエチルグリシンナトリウム、ラウリルジモニウムヒドロキシプロピル加水分解ケラチン、ラウリルジモニウムヒドロキシプロピル加水分解コラーゲン、ラウリルジモニウムヒドロキシプロピル加水分解シルク、ラウリルスルホ酢酸ナトリウム、ラウリルヒドロキシ酢酸アミド硫酸ナトリウム、ラウリルヒドロキシスルタイン、ラウリルピリジニウムクロリドラウリルベタイン、ラウリル硫酸DEA、ラウリル硫酸カリウム、ラウリル硫酸MEA、ラウリル硫酸マグネシウム、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム、ラウリル硫酸TEAラウリル硫酸アンモニウム、ラウリルリン酸、ラウリルリン酸ニナトリウム、ラウリルリン酸ナトリウム、ラウリン酸PEG-2、ラウリン酸PEG-4DEA、ラウリン酸PEG-6、ラウリン酸PEG-8、ラウリン酸PEG-8グリセリル、ラウリン酸PEG-9、ラウリン酸PEG-10、ラウリン酸PEG-12グリセリル、ラウリン酸PEG-23グリセリル、ラウリン酸PEG-32、ラウリン酸PEG-75、ラウリン酸PEG-150、ラウリン酸PEGソルビット、ラウリン酸PG、ラウリン酸TEA、ラウリン酸グリセリル、ラウリン酸スクロース、ラウリン酸ポリオキシエチレン水添ヒマシ油、ラウリン酸ポリグリセリル-6、ラウリン酸ポリグリセリル-10、ラウリン酸マルチトール、ラウルトリモニウムクロリド、ラウルトリモニウムプロミド、ラウレス-2-硫酸アンモニウム、ラウレス-3酢酸、ラウレス-3硫酸TEA、ラウレス-3硫酸アンモニウム、ラウレス-3リン酸、ラウレス-4リン酸、ラウレス-4リン酸ナトリム、ラウレス-4.5酢酸カリウム、ラウレス-5酢酸、ラウレス-5硫酸ナトリム、ラウレス-6酢酸、ラウレス-6酢酸ナトリム、ラウレス-7リン酸、ラウレス-9、ラウレス-10、ラウレス-10酢酸、ラウレス-10酢酸カリウム、ラウレス-16酢酸ナトリム、ラウレス-17酢酸ナトリウム、ラウレス-40、ラウレス硫酸TEA、ラウロアンホPG酢酸リン酸ナトリウム、ラウロアンホ酢酸ナトリウム、ラウロイルアスパラギン酸、ラウロイル加水分解コラーゲンカリウム、ラウロイル加水分解コラーゲンナトリウム、ラウロイル加水分解シルクナトリウム、ラウロイルグルタミン酸、ラウロイルグルタミン酸カリウム、ラウロイルグルタミン酸ナトリウム、ラウロイルグルタミン酸TEA、ラウロイルグルタミン酸ジオクチルドデシル、ラウロイルグルタミン酸ジオクチルドデセス-2、ラウロイルグルタミン酸ジオクチルドデシル、ラウロイルグルタミン酸ジコレステリル、ラウロイルグルタミン酸ジステアレス-2、ラウロイルグルタミン酸ジステアレス-5、ラウロイルサルコシン、ラウロイルサルコシンナトリウム、ラウロイルサルコシンTEA、ラウロイルトレオニンカリウム、ラウロイル乳酸ナトリウム、ラウロイルメチルアラニン、ラウロイルメチルアラニンナトリウム、ラウロイルメチルアラニンTEA、ラウロイルメチルタウリンナトリウム、ラネス-10、ラネス-25、ラネス-40、ラネス-75、ラノリン脂肪酸PEG-4、ラノリン脂肪酸PEG-12、ラノリン脂肪酸アミドDEA、ラノリン脂肪酸イソプロピル、ラノリン脂肪酸オクチルドデシル、ラノリン脂肪酸グリセリル、ラノリン脂肪酸コレステリル、ラピリウムクロリド、リシノレイン酸アミドプロピルベタイン、リシノレイン酸グリセリル、リシノレイン酸スクロース、リシノレイン酸ポリオキシプロピレンソルビット、リシノレイン酸ポリグリセリル-6、リノール酸ラノリル、リノレアミドDEA、硫酸化ヒマシ油、リンゴ酸ラウラミド、ロジン加水分解コラーゲン、ロジン加水分解コラーゲンAMPDなどが挙げられる。
(1)界面活性剤(ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム):金属化合物(エチレンジアミンニッケル錯体)=0.005:0.001〜0.05〜0.01
(2)界面活性剤(ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム):金属化合物(エチレンジアミンニッケル錯体)=0.005:0.0001〜0.05〜0.001
(3)界面活性剤(ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム):金属化合物(テトラアンミンコバルト錯体)=0.005:0.001〜0.05〜0.01
(4)界面活性剤(Tween 20)/糖(トレハロース)=3/1〜20/2
(5)界面活性剤(Tween 20)/糖(プルラン)=3/0.2〜20/2
(6)界面活性剤(Tween 20/糖(イヌリン)=3/0.1〜20/7
界面活性剤含有溶液は、試料に塗布した後、余分な液をキムワイプのような柔らかい布状の紙、ろ紙などで吸い取る。TEM観察のための試料は、媒体の塗布、付着、コート、被覆、包埋などにより処理される。
生存環境付与成分としてグリセリンと水を、糖類としてグルコースを、電解質として塩化ナトリウムを用い、生存環境付与成分(グリセリン):(水):糖類(グルコース):電解質(塩化ナトリウム)=20:10:0.7:0.03の配合割合で混合し、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤を調製した。
実施例1と同様に、生きたマウスから腹膜を摘出し、10%(w/w)中性緩衝ホルマリンによって一次化学固定した後、本発明の電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤と界面活性剤含有溶液で処理せずに、マウス腹膜の上皮側を上面にしてSEM試料室に入れ、SEM観察を行った。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
することが確認された。一方、対照区の人工皮膚細胞においては、正常な形態が保たれていた。以上の結果から、三次元培養した人工皮膚細胞に対してゲフィチニブを添加した後、本発明の電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤を用いてSEM観察することにより、ゲフィチニブの副作用である皮膚細胞の表面変化を培養細胞系で評価することが可能となった。また、各種の抗癌剤を添加することにより、より副作用の少ない薬剤をスクリーニングすることが可能となる。さらにまた、抗癌剤に限らず、薬剤候補物質を添加して培養した後、本発明の電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤を用いてSEM観察することによって、活性のある薬剤候補物質をスクリーニングすることができる。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
ポリエチレンテレフタラート(PET)製の細胞培養フィルターに、ヒト新生児皮膚由来性線維芽細胞を4層の層状になるように培養し、次いで、培養されたヒト新生児皮膚由来性線維芽細胞の上に、ヒト皮膚由来リンパ管内皮細胞を播種して共培養した。共培養した細胞上に、ヒト皮膚由来リンパ管内皮細胞の膜タンパク質を抗原とする1次抗体溶液を、適当な抗体希釈バッファーを用いて濃度調整して滴下し、37℃で30分培養した。適当な洗浄バッファーを用いて、共培養した細胞に結合しなかった余分な1次抗体等を洗浄し、1次抗体と結合性を有し、金コロイド修飾された2次抗体を、適当な抗体希釈バッファーを用いて濃度調整して滴下し、37℃で30分培養した。適当な洗浄バッファーを用いて、共培養した細胞に結合しなかった余分な2次抗体等を洗浄した後、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤で処理し、界面活性剤含有溶液で処理した。その後、界面活性剤含有溶液で覆われた抗体結合性の培養細胞をSEM試料室に入れ、電子ビームを照射して界面活性剤含有溶液を重合させて薄膜を成膜し、SEM観察を行った。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
生きたマウスから摘出した腹膜を、10%(w/w)中性緩衝ホルマリンによって一次化学固定した後、試料を乾燥させて金属蒸着(JEOL JFC−1100)した。このような従来の電子顕微鏡観察用標本の作製方法に則って作製したマウス腹膜標本を、図23(a)に示した試料台上に上皮側を上面にして載置し、SEM観察を行った。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
マウスから摘出した腹膜を、図23に示した試料台(a)上に内臓側を上面にして載置したこと以外は、比較例4と同様にしてマウス腹膜内臓側の標本を作製し、SEM観察を行った。
実施例15と同様にして生きたマウスから摘出した腹膜を、図23(a)に示した試料台上に載置し、未処理の状態で電子顕微鏡内に導入した。図28(a)、(b)のいずれも倍率1,500倍で観察、撮影したSEM像である。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例18の対照区として、マウスにアジュバントを注射せず、1週間に1回生理食塩水を腹腔内注射することを繰り返し、3週間後に、生きたマウスから腹膜を摘出した。上記対照区マウス腹膜を用いたこと以外は、実施例15と同様にしてマウス腹膜の標本を作製し、SEM観察を行った。
生存環境付与成分としてグリセリンと水を、糖類としてグルコースを、電解質として塩化ナトリウムを用い、生存環境付与成分(グリセリン):(水):糖類(グルコース):電解質(塩化ナトリウム)=20:10:0.09:0.01の配合割合で混合し、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤を調製した。
実施例19と同様にして、ガラスプレート上で培養したマウス由来線維芽細胞を培養細胞として用い、培地からガラスプレートごと引き揚げた後、未処理の状態で電子顕微鏡内に導入した。
実施例19と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤を調製した。
単一細胞として、ヒト赤血球を含む生理食塩水をガラスプレート上に滴下し、未処理の状態で電子顕微鏡内に導入した。
実施例19と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤を調製した。
実施例19と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤を調製した。
実施例19と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤を調製した。
実施例19と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤を調製した。
実施例19と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤を調製した。
実施例19と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤を調製した。
ウイルスとして、GFPを発現するマウスサイトメガロウイルス(GFP−M32−MCMV)を作製し、ウイルス粒子を含む分散液をスライドガラス状に播種し、MCMV粒子にプラスの電荷をチャージさせるポリブレンを添加処理した。次いで、実験区としてカバーガラスの表面にプラズマ処理を施し、表面に水酸基を露出させることで親水性を向上し、表面の電荷がマイナスにチャージしたカバーガラスを作製した。また、対照区として、未処理のカバーガラスを用いた。ポリブレン処理によって、実験区および対照区の2種類のカバーガラスに対するMCMV粒子の吸着量に差異があるかどうかを検討した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例28と同様にして、カバーガラスに吸着して濃縮させたMCMVを、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤で処理し、界面活性剤含有溶液で処理した。界面活性剤含有溶液を滴下したMCMVをカバーガラスごとSEM試料室に入れ、電子ビームを照射してSEM観察を行った。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
SEM試料室に入れ、電子ビームを照射してSEM観察を行った。また、単一細胞として大腸菌を含む培養液を用いて同様の処理を行い、TEM観察を行った。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
実施例1と同様にして、電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を調製した。
Claims (25)
- 生存環境付与成分として、グリセリンを含有し、糖類として、グルコース、フルクトースから選択される1種以上を含有し、電解質として、塩化ナトリウム、リン酸一水素ナトリウム、リン酸二水素ナトリウム、クエン酸、乳酸カルシウムから選択される1種以上を含有し、生存環境付与成分、糖類および電解質を、20:0.7:0.03〜20:0.4:0.01の配合比で含有する電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤を含水状態の生物試料に塗布する工程と、界面活性剤含有溶液を含水状態の生物試料に塗布する工程と、前記電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を塗布した含水状態の生物試料を試料台に載置し、電子線またはプラズマを照射して含水状態の生物試料の表面に薄膜を形成して含水状態の生物試料を覆う工程と、真空下の試料室に収容された前記薄膜で覆った含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡像を表示装置に表示する工程とを含むことを特徴とする含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡による観察方法。
- 請求項1に記載の含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡による観察方法において、前記電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤を含水状態の生物試料に塗布するのに先立って含水状態の生物試料表面を水洗浄することを特徴とする含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡による観察方法。
- 請求項1に記載の含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡による観察方法において、前記試料台は、円柱形の基部材の上面に、前記薄膜を形成させた含水状態の生物試料を載置し、前記円柱形の部材の直径にほぼ等しい円形の開口部を有し、その上面部には前記開口部よりも直径の小さな開口部を備え、側面部には固定孔を持つリング状部材を、前記円柱形の基部材の上面に載置した含水状態の生物試料に被せ、円柱形の基部材とリング状部材を固定材で固定することを特徴とする含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡による観察方法。
- 請求項1に記載の含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡による観察方法において、前記試料台は、中央に円形の凹部が形成された円柱形の部材の上面に、前記薄膜を形成させた含水状態の生物試料を載置し、中央に円形の貫通孔が形成され、前記貫通口の周囲に複数の固定孔が開孔された円盤状の部材を、円柱形の部材の上面に載置した含水状態の生物試料に被せ、円盤状の部材と円柱形の部材とを固定材で固定することを特徴とする含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡による観察方法。
- 請求項1に記載の含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡による観察方法において、電子顕微鏡の試料室内において試料観察用の電子線を含水状態の生物試料に照射することによって、含水状態の生物試料の表面に薄膜を形成することを特徴とする含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡による観察方法。
- 請求項1に記載の含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡による観察方法において、電子顕微鏡による含水状態の生物試料観察前に予め、電子顕微鏡の試料室内の電子線とは別途の電子線またはプラズマを試料に照射することによって、含水状態の生物試料の表面に薄膜を形成することを特徴とする含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡による観察方法。
- 請求項1に記載の含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡による観察方法において、含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡像を、含水状態の生物試料の破壊を伴わずに前記表示装置に表示することを特徴とする含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡による観察方法。
- 請求項1に記載の含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡による観察方法において、走査型電子顕微鏡を用いて、含水状態の生物試料のチャージアップを起こさずに含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡像を表示装置に表示することを特徴とする含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡による観察方法。
- 生体から摘出した含水状態の癌細胞またはこれを含む組織に、生存環境付与成分として、グリセリンを含有し、糖類として、グルコース、フルクトースから選択される1種以上を含有し、電解質として、塩化ナトリウム、リン酸一水素ナトリウム、リン酸二水素ナトリウム、クエン酸、乳酸カルシウムから選択される1種以上を含有し、生存環境付与成分、糖類および電解質を、20:0.7:0.03〜20:0.4:0.01の配合比で含有する電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤を塗布する工程と、界面活性剤含有溶液を含水状態の生物試料に塗布する工程と、前記電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を塗布した含水状態の癌細胞またはこれを含む組織を試料台に載置し、電子線またはプラズマを照射して含水状態の癌細胞またはこれを含む組織の表面に薄膜を形成して覆う工程と、真空下の試料室に収容された前記薄膜で覆った含水状態の癌細胞またはこれを含む組織の電子顕微鏡像を表示装置に表示する工程と、表示された含水状態の癌細胞またはこれを含む組織の画像診断を行う工程とを含むことを特徴とする含水状態の癌細胞の電子顕微鏡による診断方法。
- 請求項9において、前記含水状態の癌細胞は、正常細胞または細胞シート上に播種し、培養したものであることを特徴とする含水状態の癌細胞の電子顕微鏡による診断方法。
- 請求項9において、生体から摘出した含水状態の癌細胞またはこれを含む組織を、摘出後直ちに化学固定することを特徴とする含水状態の癌細胞の電子顕微鏡による診断方法。
- 含水状態の細胞または細胞シートに生理活性物質または薬剤を添加する工程と、前記生理活性物質または薬剤を添加した含水状態の細胞または細胞シートに、生存環境付与成分として、グリセリンを含有し、糖類として、グルコース、フルクトースから選択される1種以上を含有し、電解質として、塩化ナトリウム、リン酸一水素ナトリウム、リン酸二水素ナトリウム、クエン酸、乳酸カルシウムから選択される1種以上を含有し、生存環境付与成分、糖類および電解質を、20:0.7:0.03〜20:0.4:0.01の配合比で含有する電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤を塗布する工程と、界面活性剤含有溶液を含水状態の生物試料に塗布する工程と、前記電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を塗布した含水状態の細胞または細胞シートを試料台に載置し、電子線またはプラズマを照射して含水状態の細胞または細胞シートの表面に薄膜を形成して覆う工程と、真空下の試料室に収容された前記薄膜で覆った含水状態の細胞または細胞シートの電子顕微鏡像を表示装置に表示する工程と、表示された含水状態の細胞または細胞シートに対する前記生理活性物質または薬剤の効果を画像診断する工程とを含むことを特徴とする含水状態の細胞に対する生理活性物質または薬剤の作用の電子顕微鏡による評価方法。
- 請求項12において、前記細胞が含水状態の正常細胞であって、正常細胞の形態変化を指標として副作用の少ない生理活性物質または薬剤をスクリーニングすることを特徴とする含水状態の細胞に対する生理活性物質または薬剤の作用の電子顕微鏡による評価方法。
- 請求項13において、前記生理活性物質または薬剤が抗癌剤であることを特徴する含水状態の細胞に対する薬剤の作用の電子顕微鏡による評価方法。
- 請求項12において、前記細胞が含水状態の病変細胞であって、前記含水状態の病変細胞の形態変化を指標として活性のある薬剤をスクリーニングすることを特徴とする含水状態の細胞に対する生理活性物質または薬剤の作用の電子顕微鏡による評価方法。
- 請求項15において、前記含水状態の病変細胞が癌細胞であって、前記生理活性物質または薬剤が抗癌剤であることを特徴とする含水状態の細胞に対する生理活性物質または薬剤の作用の電子顕微鏡による評価方法。
- 含水状態の細胞と1次抗体を接触させる工程と、前記1次抗体に金コロイド修飾された2次抗体を接触させる工程と、前記1次抗体と2次抗体とが結合した細胞に、生存環境付与成分として、グリセリンを含有し、糖類として、グルコース、フルクトースから選択される1種以上を含有し、電解質として、塩化ナトリウム、リン酸一水素ナトリウム、リン酸二水素ナトリウム、クエン酸、乳酸カルシウムから選択される1種以上を含有し、生存環境付与成分、糖類および電解質を、20:0.7:0.03〜20:0.4:0.01の配合比で含有する電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤を塗布する工程と、界面活性剤含有溶液を含水状態の生物試料に塗布する工程と、前記電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を塗布した細胞を試料台に載置し、電子線またはプラズマを照射して細胞の表面に薄膜を形成して試料を覆う工程と、真空下の試料室に収容された前記薄膜で覆った細胞の電子顕微鏡像を表示装置に表示する工程とを含み、含水状態の細胞の一次抗体との結合部位を観察することを特徴とする電子顕微鏡による観察方法。
- 請求項17において、前記1次抗体と反応する抗原が、前記含水状態の細胞の膜タンパク質であり、含水状態の細胞の一次抗体との結合部位を観察することを特徴とする電子顕微鏡による観察方法。
- 含水状態のウイルス粒子を基板上に濃縮する工程と、前記基板上に濃縮した含水状態のウイルス粒子に、生存環境付与成分として、グリセリンを含有し、糖類として、グルコース、フルクトースから選択される1種以上を含有し、電解質として、塩化ナトリウム、リン酸一水素ナトリウム、リン酸二水素ナトリウム、クエン酸、乳酸カルシウムから選択される1種以上を含有し、生存環境付与成分、糖類および電解質を、20:0.7:0.03〜20:0.4:0.01の配合比で含有する電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤を塗布する工程と、界面活性剤含有溶液を含水状態の生物試料に塗布する工程と、前記電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤および界面活性剤含有溶液を塗布した含水状態のウイルス粒子を前記基板とともに試料台に載置し、電子線またはプラズマを照射して含水状態のウイルス粒子の表面に薄膜を形成して試料を覆う工程と、真空下の試料室に収容された前記薄膜で覆った含水状態のウイルス粒子の電子顕微鏡像を表示装置に表示する工程と、表示された含水状態のウイルス粒子の電子顕微鏡像においてウイルス粒子を計数する工程とを含むことを特徴とする含水状態のウイルス粒子の電子顕微鏡による定量方法。
- 請求項19において、前記含水状態のウイルス粒子を基板上に濃縮する工程が、含水状態のウイルス粒子の表面に電荷をチャージさせ、このチャージさせた電荷と相反する電荷を表面にチャージさせた基板に吸着させてウイルス粒子を濃縮することを特徴とする含水状態のウイルス粒子の電子顕微鏡による定量方法。
- 請求項20において、前記含水状態のウイルス粒子表面にポリブレン処理してプラスの電荷をチャージさせることを特徴とする含水状態のウイルス粒子の電子顕微鏡による定量方法。
- 請求項21において、プラズマ照射することによって基板の表面にマイナスの電荷をチャージさせることを特徴とする含水状態のウイルス粒子の電子顕微鏡による定量方法。
- 請求項1に記載の観察方法に用いる含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡観察用キットであって、(A)生存環境付与成分として、グリセリンを含有し、糖類として、グルコース、フルクトースから選択される1種以上を含有し、電解質として、塩化ナトリウム、リン酸一水素ナトリウム、リン酸二水素ナトリウム、クエン酸、乳酸カルシウムから選択される1種以上を含有し、生存環境付与成分、糖類および電解質を、20:0.7:0.03〜20:0.4:0.01の配合比で含有する電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤と、(B)界面活性剤含有溶液とを具有することを特徴とする含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡観察用キット。
- 請求項1に記載の観察方法に用いる含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤であって、生存環境付与成分として、グリセリンを含有し、糖類として、グルコース、フルクトースから選択される1種以上を含有し、電解質として、塩化ナトリウム、リン酸一水素ナトリウム、リン酸二水素ナトリウム、クエン酸、乳酸カルシウムから選択される1種以上を含有し、生存環境付与成分、糖類および電解質を、20:0.7:0.03〜20:0.4:0.01の配合比で含有することを特徴とする含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤。
- 生存環境付与成分に対して2:1の配合比で水をさらに含有することを特徴とする請求項24に記載の含水状態の生物試料の電子顕微鏡観察用保護剤。
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