JP6436615B2 - Scr触媒を含むパーシャルフィルタ基板及び排出処理システム及びエンジンの排気処理方法 - Google Patents
Scr触媒を含むパーシャルフィルタ基板及び排出処理システム及びエンジンの排気処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6436615B2 JP6436615B2 JP2012507385A JP2012507385A JP6436615B2 JP 6436615 B2 JP6436615 B2 JP 6436615B2 JP 2012507385 A JP2012507385 A JP 2012507385A JP 2012507385 A JP2012507385 A JP 2012507385A JP 6436615 B2 JP6436615 B2 JP 6436615B2
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Images
Classifications
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/944—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or carbon making use of oxidation catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9477—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
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Description
(比較例1)ウォールフローフィルタ上のSCR被覆
SCR触媒は、孔隙率が65%で、直径1で長さ3のコーディアライトフィルタコアに担持される。このように、Feベータといったベータ構造を有するアルミノシリケートゼオライトに変換した金属、触媒粉が、粒子の90%が10ミクロン以下(例えばD90<10μm)の直径となるように、水と混合及び粉砕される。結果物としてのスラリーは、20質量%の固体に希釈される。フィルタコアは、スラリーでフィルタコアが完全に浸透されるまで、スラリー中に浸され、圧縮空気が吹き付けられてスラリーが壁部から除去される。壁部及び溝から全ての余剰のスラリーが除去された後、その部分は、30分間、120℃の流動空気で乾燥される。乾燥されたサンプルは、1時間、450℃の静止大気で焼成される。その部分に担持された結果物としての触媒は、0.76g/in3である。圧力損失測定は、スーパーフロー(登録商標)のフローベンチを用いて、被覆に優先しかつ被覆後にも実行される。流量は、被覆に優先して及び被覆後に再び、水の4、6、8、10、12及び15インチにおいて測定される。流量の減少は記録及び平均化され、1.0%の被覆を備えた単一の背圧増加をもたらす。被覆後、サンプルは、10%の蒸気を含んだ空気の流動下で、5時間に亘って750℃で熟成される。被覆されたサンプルのSCR性能は、500ppmのNO、500ppmのNH3、5%のH2O、10%のO2、及び残余のN2を含むガス供給を備えた石英ライニング反応器を用いて測定される。サンプルを流通する全フローガスは22.5Lであり、その結果は、単位時間あたりおよそ37000hr-1のガス空間速度である。サンプルであるSCR触媒作用は、15分間、200℃で安定化された状態で試験され、下流のNO、NO2、N2O及びNH3ガスの濃度がFTIRで測定される。ガス濃度は、同じ方法によって250、300、350及び450℃において測定される。サンプルの“NOX”変換率は、それぞれの測定温度においてNOの濃度が何%削減されたかが記録されることで求められる。その結果を下記の表1に示す。
実施例1の方法を用いて、95%の孔隙率を有する金属フォームディスクであって、直径1に対する厚み1、30.5%の固形スラリーを用いたFeベータのSCR触媒を担持させることで、一連のサンプルが形成された。このように、単位インチあたり40〜50孔(ppi)の孔密度の95%の孔隙率を有するFeCr合金の金属フォームは、触媒で被覆され、0.7〜0.9g/in3の触媒担持量に達するように乾燥及び焼成される。
背圧の増加及びSCR触媒の性能は、1つのX3セットを形成するために直列に配置された3つの直径1、厚み1のサンプルのために測定された。セットのSCRの作用は、実施例1と同じ手法である。作用の結果は、下記の表2で示される。3つのサンプルの被覆されたセットの背圧増加が、それぞれのピースについて測定され、平均化されて被覆上で約11%の背圧増加が得られた。
12 パティキュレートフィルタ
13 基板
14 バルブ
15 エンジン
16 混合部
17 パーティション
20 通路
21 被覆層
22 フィルタアセンブリ
29 繊維層
46 迂回表面
58 ハウジングユニット
62 細孔
Claims (7)
- 初期のNOX濃度及び微粒子物質を含むエンジンの排気ガス流を処理するシステムに用いられ、前記ガス流がシステムの背圧及びシステムのNOX変換を生じさせる触媒物質において、
該触媒物質は、
第1のSCR触媒を含むパティキュレートフィルタを備え、
該パティキュレートフィルタは、
0.1g/in3〜3.5g/in3(0.1/16.3871(g/cm3)〜3.5/16.3871(g/cm3))の範囲の触媒担持量を有し、
80〜98%の自由容積及び40〜70ppi(40/2.54〜70/2.54 pores per cm)の孔密度を有するとともに、
連続気泡または網状の基板構造を有するフォームを備え、
該フォームは、金属フォームであって、
多孔質壁を形成する孔及び支柱を備えることを特徴とする触媒物質。 - 前記パティキュレートフィルタは、軸方向の長さを有し、
前記SCR触媒は、前記フィルタの軸長さ全長よりも短い領域に亘って配置されたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の触媒物質。 - 前記SCR触媒担持量は、
0.5g/in3〜2.0g/in3(0.5/16.3871(g/cm3)〜2.0/16.3871(g/cm3))の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の触媒物質。 - 請求項1に記載の触媒物質を含むディーゼルエンジン用排出処理システムであって、
前記パティキュレートフィルタの上流に配置された酸化触媒を更に含み、
前記エンジンと前記パティキュレートフィルタとの間にSCR触媒が介在しないことを特徴とするディーゼルエンジン用排出処理システム。 - 初期のNOX濃度及び微粒子物質を含みかつNOX変換に有用な、エンジンの排気ガス流を処理し、前記ガス流がシステムの背圧及びシステムのNOX変換を有する方法であって、
エンジンの下流に配置され、NOX変換に有効な0.1g/in3〜3.5g/in3(0.1/16.3871(g/cm3)〜3.5/16.3871(g/cm3))の範囲の担持量を有しフィルタ基板それ自体の長さの10〜100%に亘って配置されたSCR触媒を担持したパティキュレートフィルタをガス流が通過する方法であって、
前記パティキュレートフィルタは、
80〜98%の自由容積及び40〜70ppi(40/2.54〜70/2.54 pores per cm)の孔密度を有するとともに、
連続気泡または網状の基板構造を有するフォームを備え、
該フォームは、金属フォームであって、
多孔質壁を形成する孔及び支柱を備える、
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 初期のNOX濃度及び微粒子物質を含みかつNOX変換に有用な、エンジンの排気ガス流を処理し、前記ガス流がシステムの背圧及びシステムのNOX変換を有する方法であって、
エンジンの下流に配置され、NOX変換に有効な0.1g/in3〜3.5g/in3(0.1/16.3871(g/cm3)〜3.5/16.3871(g/cm3))の範囲の担持量を有しパーシャルフィルタ基板それ自体の長さの10〜100%に亘って配置された第1のSCR触媒を担持したパティキュレートフィルタをガス流が通過し、
該パティキュレートフィルタを通過した後のガス流が中間のNOX濃度を有し、
前記パティキュレートフィルタの上流の排気ガスシステムにアンモニアまたはアンモニア前駆体を噴射し、
NOX変換に有用なパティキュレートフィルタの下流に配置された第2のSCR触媒を担持した第2の基板を、中間のNOX濃度を有するガス流が通過し、
排出処理システムから出たガス流が最終のNOX濃度を有し、かつシステムのNOX変換及びシステムの背圧が作動可能領域内に存在する方法であって、
前記パティキュレートフィルタは、
80〜98%の自由容積及び40〜70ppi(40/2.54〜70/2.
54 pores per cm)の孔密度を有するとともに、
連続気泡または網状の基板構造を有するフォームを備え、
該フォームは、金属フォームであって、
多孔質壁を形成する孔及び支柱を備える、
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記エンジンと前記パティキュレートフィルタとの間にSCR触媒が介在しないことを特徴とする請求項5または6に記載の方法。
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PCT/US2010/032073 WO2010124105A1 (en) | 2009-04-22 | 2010-04-22 | Partial filter substrates containing scr catalysts and emission treatment systems and methods of treating engine exhaust |
US12/765,441 US9475002B2 (en) | 2009-04-22 | 2010-04-22 | Partial filter substrates containing SCR catalysts and methods and emissions treatment systems |
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US7340888B2 (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2008-03-11 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Diesel particulate matter reduction system |
JP4949696B2 (ja) * | 2006-02-27 | 2012-06-13 | 田中貴金属工業株式会社 | ディーゼル排ガス浄化用フィルター |
DE502007003465D1 (de) * | 2007-02-23 | 2010-05-27 | Umicore Ag & Co Kg | Katalytisch aktiviertes Dieselpartikelfilter mit Ammoniak-Sperrwirkung |
KR101358482B1 (ko) * | 2007-02-27 | 2014-02-05 | 바스프 카탈리스트 엘엘씨 | 구리 cha 제올라이트 촉매 |
EP2014348A2 (en) * | 2007-06-22 | 2009-01-14 | Paul Scherer Institut | A method and a system for a treatment of a NOx- and soot-containing exhaust gas |
EP2382031B2 (en) | 2008-12-24 | 2022-12-14 | BASF Corporation | Emissions treatment systems and methods with catalyzed scr filter and downstream scr catalyst |
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2010
- 2010-04-22 JP JP2012507385A patent/JP6436615B2/ja active Active
- 2010-04-22 ES ES10715638.2T patent/ES2640040T3/es active Active
- 2010-04-22 EP EP10715638.2A patent/EP2421632B1/en active Active
- 2010-04-22 WO PCT/US2010/032073 patent/WO2010124105A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-04-22 CN CN201080017387.1A patent/CN102405092B/zh active Active
- 2010-04-22 KR KR1020117022102A patent/KR101706398B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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KR101706398B1 (ko) | 2017-02-27 |
CN102405092A (zh) | 2012-04-04 |
BRPI1015322A2 (pt) | 2016-04-26 |
WO2010124105A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
US9475002B2 (en) | 2016-10-25 |
EP2421632A1 (en) | 2012-02-29 |
EP2421632B1 (en) | 2017-06-14 |
CN102405092B (zh) | 2014-12-24 |
JP2012528705A (ja) | 2012-11-15 |
KR20110139232A (ko) | 2011-12-28 |
BRPI1015322B1 (pt) | 2020-03-10 |
ES2640040T3 (es) | 2017-10-31 |
US20100269491A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
PL2421632T3 (pl) | 2017-11-30 |
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