JP6345968B2 - 太陽電池の製造方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 101
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 411
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PTVDYARBVCBHSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cu] PTVDYARBVCBHSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021424 microcrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Electrodes Of Semiconductors (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Description
以下に、本発明の太陽電池として用いられる光電変換層について説明する。
第二主面側の透明導電層6−2の上には、裏面電極層8が形成されている。裏面電極層8は、金属層8−2を有する。図4に示すように、裏面電極層8は、金属層8−2の表面を不動態化することにより、第二主面側の最表面に不動態層8−1が形成される。この際、金属層8−2の最表面が不導態化して不動態層8−1が形成される。すなわち、不動態層8−1形成後の金属層8−2は、金属層8−2’と不動態層8−1により形成される。不動態層8−1は、めっき液と接触するため、化学的安定性が高いものが望まれる。ここでいう「化学的安定性が高い」とは、pHが7.0より大きい、もしくは7.0より小さい薬液において、正の電位を印加しても、溶解、もしくは化学反応をしにくいことをいう。
上記透明導電層6−1上には、集電極7が形成される。集電極7には、めっき層が含まれる。また第一導電層として、透明導電層6−1と導電性シード層7−1とを有する場合、集電極は導電性シード層7−1とめっき層7−2により形成される。第一導電層として透明導電層のみを用いる場合、めっき層が集電極となる。
2.第一の真性シリコン系薄膜
3.p型シリコン系薄膜
4.第二の真性シリコン系薄膜
5.n型シリコン系薄膜
6.透明導電層
6−1.第一主面側透明導電層
6−2.第二主面側透明導電層
7.集電極
7−1.導電性シード層
7−2.めっき層
8. 裏面電極層
8−1.不動態層
8−2. 金属層
8−3. 第二導電層
9.絶縁層
10.第一導電層
11.めっき槽
12.被めっき基板
13.アノード電極
14.保持部材
15.電源
16.めっき液
17. 導電クリップ
18. 絶縁体
19. n型半導体層
20. p型半導体層
21.光電変換層
Claims (6)
- n型半導体層の第一主面側にp型半導体層を有する光電変換層と、前記光電変換層の第一主面側に、透明導電層および導電性シード層の少なくとも一方を有する第一導電層と、前記光電変換層の第二主面側に金属層を含む裏面電極層と、を備えた被めっき基板を用いた太陽電池の製造方法であって、
前記金属層の表面を不動態化させることにより、前記裏面電極層の第二主面側の最表面に、酸性又はアルカリ性のめっき液に対して化学的安定性を有する不動態層を形成した後、
前記第一導電層と裏面電極層の短絡が除去された状態で、前記第一導電層上に電解めっき法によりめっき層を形成する、太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記n型半導体層が、n型単結晶シリコンを含み、前記p型半導体層がp型シリコン系薄膜である、請求項1に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記金属層は、ニッケル、チタン、アルミ、クロム、錫の単体もしくはそれらの合金を含んでおり、前記めっき層を形成する前に、前記裏面電極層の第二主面側の最表面に前記不動態層を形成する、請求項1または2に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記不導態層は、前記金属層を大気にさらすことにより形成される、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記裏面電極層が、さらに第二導電層を含み、前記光電変換層側から、前記第二導電層と前記金属層をこの順に有する請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記第一導電層は、前記光電変換層側から順に、透明導電層と導電性シード層を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
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JP6722007B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-14 | 2020-07-15 | 株式会社カネカ | 積層型光電変換装置およびその製造方法 |
US20200052135A1 (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2020-02-13 | Kaneka Corporation | Photoelectric conversion element and photoelectric conversion element manufacturing method |
CN108039378A (zh) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-05-15 | 君泰创新(北京)科技有限公司 | 太阳能电池上电极的制备方法 |
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