JP6338221B2 - 核酸生成物を生成するための、テンプレートスイッチに基づく方法 - Google Patents
核酸生成物を生成するための、テンプレートスイッチに基づく方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
核酸生成物を生成するための方法を提供する。本方法は、重合のためのテンプレートとして第1核酸鎖を使用して「テンプレートスイッチ」して、その後、重合反応を継続しながら(「テンプレートスイッチ核酸」又は「受容体テンプレート」と称されてもよい)第2テンプレート核酸鎖にスイッチするある核酸ポリメラーゼの能力を利用する。その結果、第1テンプレート核酸鎖に相補的な5'領域と、テンプレートスイッチ核酸に相補的な3'領域とを有するハイブリッド核酸鎖が合成される。ある態様では、新しく合成されたハイブリッド核酸鎖が対象の下流側の一若しくは複数の適用、例えばPCR 増幅、クローニング、配列決定、及び/又はあらゆる他の対象の下流側の一若しくは複数の適用に有用な3'端部にヌクレオチド配列を有するように、テンプレートスイッチ核酸の全て又は一部(例えば5'領域)のヌクレオチド配列が本方法を実行する者によって定められてもよい。
本開示によって組成物が更に提供される。対象の組成物は、例えば本方法に関して上述した反応混合物の要素のいずれかの一又は複数を含んでもよい。例えば、組成物は、テンプレートデオキシリボ核酸(DNA )、ポリメラーゼ(例えばテンプレートスイッチングを行うことができるポリメラーゼ、耐熱性ポリメラーゼ若しくはこれらの組み合わせなど)、テンプレートスイッチオリゴヌクレオチド、デオキシリボヌクレオチド三リン酸、塩、金属補因子、一若しくは複数のヌクレアーゼ阻害剤(例えばDNA 分解酵素阻害剤)、一若しくは複数の酵素安定化要素(例えばDTT )、前駆体dsDNA から3'オーバーハングを有するdsDNA を生成することができる酵素(例えば制限エンドヌクレアーゼ、ターミナルトランスフェラーゼ若しくはこれらの組み合わせ)、又はあらゆる他の所望の反応混合物の一若しくは複数の要素の内の一又は複数を含んでもよい。
本開示の態様はキットを更に含む。対象のキットは、例えば本方法に関して上述した反応混合物の要素のいずれかの一又は複数を含んでもよい。例えば、キットは、テンプレートデオキシリボ核酸(DNA )、ポリメラーゼ(例えばテンプレートスイッチングを行うことができるポリメラーゼ、耐熱性ポリメラーゼ、これらの組み合わせなど)、テンプレートスイッチオリゴヌクレオチド、デオキシリボヌクレオチド三リン酸、塩、金属補因子、一若しくは複数のヌクレアーゼ阻害剤(例えば、RNA 分解酵素阻害剤及び/若しくはDNA 分解酵素阻害剤)、GCリッチな配列の増幅/複製を容易にするための一若しくは複数の添加物(例えば、GC-Melt (登録商標)試薬(クロンテック・ラボラトリーズ社(マウンテンビュー,カリフォルニア州))、ベタイン、DMSO、エチレングリコール、1,2-プロパンジオール若しくはこれらの組み合わせ)、一若しくは複数の分子密集剤(例えば、ポリエチレングリコールなど)、 一若しくは複数の酵素安定化要素(例えばDTT )、前駆体dsDNA から3'オーバーハングを有するdsDNA を生成することができる酵素(例えば制限エンドヌクレアーゼ、ターミナルトランスフェラーゼ若しくはこれらの組み合わせ)、又は容器及び/若しくは固体支持体、例えば管、ビーズ、マイクロ流体チップなどのあらゆる他の所望の一若しくは複数のキット要素の内の一又は複数を含んでもよい。
例えば、核酸の一端部又は両端部に既知の配列の領域を有する核酸の使用が有効な様々な適用に本方法は使用される。このような適用は、基礎研究及び診断(例えば臨床診断)の分野にあり、核酸クローニング、増幅、検出、ライブラリ生成/増幅、アレイハイブリダイゼーション、全ゲノム増幅、全ゲノム配列決定、及び本方法に従って生成される核酸生成物が使用されるあらゆる他の適用を含むが、これらに限定されない。本方法の重要な態様は、例えばハイブリッド核酸分子を生成するための従来の連結反応に基づく手法に関連した追加のステップなしで、テンプレートDNA を用いて、その端部の一方又は両方に既知の配列の一又は複数の領域を有する核酸種が1つのステップで生成されることである。従って、本方法は更に効率的であり、コスト効率が良く、従来の手法より更に適応性がある。
I.2つの別個のDNA からの1つの核酸生成物の生成
この実験では、6-FAM でその5'端部に標識された20塩基対DNA を、その3'端部で20塩基対DNA に相補的な40塩基対テンプレートDNA にハイブリッド形成した。SMARTer(登録商標)IIA テンプレートスイッチオリゴヌクレオチド(クロンテック・ラボラトリーズ社(マウンテンビュー,カリフォルニア州))の存在下で又は無しで、野生型MMLV逆転写酵素又はSMARTScribe (登録商標)RNAseH低減逆転写酵素(クロンテック・ラボラトリーズ社(マウンテンビュー,カリフォルニア州))を使用して、ハイブリッド形成された20塩基対DNA を伸長した。反応生成物をTBE-UREAアクリルアミドゲル上で分解して、ポリメラーゼによって伸長してテンプレートスイッチオリゴヌクレオチドの存在下のときのみ、より大きな長さの追加のバンドが観察された。
ポリメラーゼ、
テンプレートスイッチオリゴヌクレオチド、及び
デオキシリボヌクレオチド三リン酸を
前記ポリメラーゼによってデオキシリボヌクレオチド三リン酸から重合した領域を有する1つの核酸生成物の隣の領域に夫々ハイブリッド形成したテンプレートDNA 及びテンプレートスイッチオリゴヌクレオチドを含む核酸生成物を生成するのに十分な条件下で結合して反応混合物にすることを特徴とする方法。
5'アダプタ配列に相補的な1つの核酸生成物の3'領域を該3'領域に結合すべく構成された第2鎖プライマとハイブリダイゼーション条件下で接触させることを特徴とする付記1に記載の方法。
5'アダプタ配列及び3'アダプタ配列に相補的なプライマで前記1つの核酸生成物を増幅することにより、前記1つの核酸生成物にPCR 増幅条件を施すことを特徴とする付記17に記載の方法。
ターミナルトランスフェラーゼ活性を有するポリメラーゼ、及び
テンプレート化されていないヌクレオチドを付加することによって前記ポリメラーゼにより生成されるヌクレオチド伸長体に相補的な3'端部を有するテンプレートスイッチ核酸
を備えていることを特徴とするキット。
Claims (16)
- テンプレートデオキシリボ核酸(DNA )、
ポリメラーゼ、
テンプレートスイッチオリゴヌクレオチド、及び
デオキシリボヌクレオチド三リン酸を
前記ポリメラーゼによってデオキシリボヌクレオチド三リン酸から重合した領域を有する1つのハイブリッド核酸の隣の領域に夫々ハイブリッド形成した前記テンプレートDNA 及び前記テンプレートスイッチオリゴヌクレオチドを含むハイブリッド核酸を生成するのに十分な条件下で結合して反応混合物にし、
前記ポリメラーゼによってデオキシリボヌクレオチド三リン酸から重合した領域は、前記テンプレートDNA の5'末端に相補的な領域を有することを特徴とする方法。 - 前記ポリメラーゼは逆転写酵素であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記テンプレートスイッチオリゴヌクレオチドは3'ハイブリダイゼーション領域及び5'アダプタ配列を有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 5'アダプタ配列の補体を合成した後、前記ポリメラーゼが前記テンプレートスイッチオリゴヌクレオチドから異なるテンプレート核酸にスイッチすることを防止する修飾体を前記テンプレートスイッチオリゴヌクレオチドは含むことを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ハイブリッド核酸を生成して、
5'アダプタ配列に相補的な1つのハイブリッド核酸の3'領域を該3'領域に結合すべく構成された第2鎖プライマとハイブリダイゼーション条件下で接触させることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 前記テンプレートDNA を第1のプライマと接触させることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記1つのハイブリッド核酸に核酸増幅条件を施すことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記テンプレートDNA は一本鎖であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記テンプレートDNA は二本鎖であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 二本鎖のテンプレートDNA は3'オーバーハングを含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の方法。
- 1つのハイブリッド核酸の隣の領域に夫々ハイブリッド形成したテンプレートデオキシリボ核酸(DNA )及びテンプレートスイッチオリゴヌクレオチドを含み、
前記1つのハイブリッド核酸は、前記テンプレートDNA の5'末端に相補的な、ポリメラーゼによってデオキシリボヌクレオチド三リン酸から重合した領域を有することを特徴とする組成物。 - 前記テンプレートスイッチオリゴヌクレオチドは、前記1つのハイブリッド核酸のテンプレート化されていない領域に相補的な3'ハイブリダイゼーション領域、及び5'アダプタ配列を有することを特徴とする請求項11に記載の組成物。
- 前記3'ハイブリダイゼーション領域はホモトリヌクレオチドを有することを特徴とする請求項12に記載の組成物。
- 3'オーバーハングを生成する酵素、
ターミナルトランスフェラーゼ活性を有するポリメラーゼ、及び、
テンプレート化されていないヌクレオチドを付加することによって前記ポリメラーゼにより生成されるヌクレオチド伸長体に相補的な3'端部を有するテンプレートスイッチ核酸
を備えていることを特徴とするキット。 - 前記3'オーバーハングを生成する酵素は、制限エンドヌクレアーゼ又はターミナルトランスフェラーゼであることを特徴とする請求項14に記載のキット。
- 前記3'オーバーハングを生成する酵素、及び前記ターミナルトランスフェラーゼ活性を有するポリメラーゼは、別々の容器に存在することを特徴とする請求項14又は15に記載のキット。
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