JP6325736B1 - 造形物の製造方法 - Google Patents
造形物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
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- B22F3/10—Sintering only
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- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
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- B22F1/065—Spherical particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/49—Scanners
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/70—Gas flow means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/241—Chemical after-treatment on the surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/35—Iron
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F2304/00—Physical aspects of the powder
- B22F2304/10—Micron size particles, i.e. above 1 micrometer up to 500 micrometer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract
Description
好ましくは、前記浸炭処理工程後の前記造形物の表面硬度は、ロックウェル硬さHRC50以上である。
好ましくは、前記造形工程は、前記焼結層に対して切削加工を行う切削工程を含む。
造形工程では、造形テーブル5上に材料粉体を均一に撒布して材料粉体層8を形成するリコート工程と、材料粉体層8の所定箇所にレーザ光Lを照射して焼結層を形成する焼結工程とを繰り返して、所望の造形物を形成する。以下、この工程の実施に利用可能な積層造形装置について詳細に説明する。
続いて、図1及び図5〜図7を用いて、上記の積層造形装置を用いた積層造形方法について説明する。なお、図5〜図7では、視認性を考慮し図1では示していた構成要素を一部省略している。
浸炭処理工程では、材料粉体を用いて積層造形した造形物に対し、浸炭処理を行う。かかる処理により、浸炭処理前の造形物と比較し、造形物の表面及び表面近くの硬度を向上させることが可能である。
炭素含有量0.025質量%の材料粉体を用い、積層造形により、造形プレート上に、縦×横×高さ=20mm×20mm×20mmの立方体状の造形物を所定間隔毎に6個形成し、図8に示すような試験片Aを得た。なお、造形テーブルの温度は120℃に設定した。なお、試験片Aの寸法測定の測定対象となる側面上部10mmに関しては上述の切削加工を行っている。また、以下に記載する試験片Aに係る試験データは、6個の試験片Aのデータの平均である。
また、同材料を用いた積層造形により、ダンベル形状の造形物を造形プレート上に形成し、造形後ワイヤ放電加工機により造形プレートと造形物を切り離し、図9に示すような試験片Bを得た。試験片Bは、日本工業規格(JIS Z 2241)に規定される14B号試験片である。なお、造形テーブルの温度は120℃に設定した。
造形から24時間経過後の試験片Aおよび試験片Bに対し浸炭処理を行い、浸炭物を得た。浸炭処理は、ガス浸炭により下記条件に従い行った。なお、試験片Aの浸炭処理前および浸炭後の炭素含有量は、試験片Aが室温(約24℃)まで冷却された状態で、EPMA(電子線マイクロアナライザ)(日本電子製JXA−8100)により測定した。
・浸炭条件
浸炭方法:ガス浸炭
雰囲気ガス:メタンガス
浸炭温度:860℃
処理時間:2時間
試験片Aの寸法変化は、浸炭処理前の試験片Aについて造形直後約120℃での寸法と造形後室温(約24℃)まで冷却してから24時間経過後の寸法を比較することで評価した。測定は、積層造形装置上でタッチセンサ(大昭和精機製KSH−E25PMP−100)により行った。実施例1においては、約−17μm変化しており、約0.085%の寸法変化であり、熱膨張係数に換算すると9.1×10−6であり正常な温度変化での値であった。
浸炭処理前及び浸炭処理後の試験片Aのロックウェル硬さについて測定した。測定は、試験片Aが室温(約24℃)まで冷却された状態で行う。測定は、マイクロビッカース硬さ試験機(ミツトヨ製HM−220D)により行った。結果を表1に示す。
浸炭処理前及び浸炭処理後の試験片Bの伸びについて測定した。測定は、試験片Bが室温(約24℃)まで冷却された状態で行う。測定は、精密万能試験機(島津製作所製AG−250kNXplus)により行った。結果を表1に示す。
浸炭処理を、下記条件に従い真空浸炭により行ったこと以外は実施例1と同様に実施した。寸法変化については実施例1と同じであった。炭素含有量及び各評価結果については表1に示す。
・浸炭条件
浸炭方法:真空浸炭
浸炭温度:1030℃
処理時間:1時間
試験片Aおよび試験片Bの積層造形については、炭素含有量0.44質量%の炭素材料を用いたこと、及び浸炭処理を行わなかったこと以外は同様に実施例1と同様に実施した。
なお、比較例1においては、寸法が約135μm変化しており、約0.67%の寸法変化であった。
一方、実施例1及び2では、炭素含有量が0.025質量%の材料を用いたため、寸法変化が小さかった。さらに、伸びを十分に有するため寸法変化により割れが生じる可能性が低くなっていた。そして、浸炭処理前は硬さが低いものの、浸炭処理により十分な硬さを確保することができていた。
1a :保護ウインドウ
1b :チャンバ供給口
1c :チャンバ排出口
1d :造形空間
1e :副供給口
1f :副排出口
3 :粉体層形成装置
4 :ベース台
5 :造形テーブル
7 :造形プレート
8 :材料粉体層
11 :リコータヘッド
11a :材料収容部
11b :材料供給部
11c :材料排出部
11fb :ブレード
11fs :リコータヘッド供給口
11rb :ブレード
11rs :リコータヘッド排出口
13 :レーザ光照射部
15 :不活性ガス供給装置
17 :保護ウインドウ汚染防止装置
17a :筐体
17b :開口部
17c :拡散部材
17d :不活性ガス供給空間
17e :細孔
17f :清浄室
17g :保護ウインドウ汚染防止装置供給口
19 :ヒュームコレクタ
21 :ダクトボックス
23 :ダクトボックス
26 :粉体保持壁
31 :造形テーブル駆動機構
42 :レーザ光源
43a :ガルバノミラー
43b :ガルバノミラー
44 :フォーカス制御ユニット
50 :切削装置
57 :加工ヘッド
60 :スピンドルヘッド
81f :焼結層
82f :焼結層
A :矢印
B :矢印
C :矢印
L :レーザ光
R :造形領域
Claims (2)
- 造形テーブル上に材料粉体を均一に撒布して材料粉体層を形成するリコート工程と、前記材料粉体層の所定箇所にレーザ光を照射して焼結層を形成する焼結工程とを繰り返して、所望の造形物を形成する造形工程と、
前記造形物を浸炭処理する浸炭処理工程と、を備え、
前記材料粉体は、炭素含有量が0.1質量%以下の鉄系材料であり、
前記浸炭処理工程後の前記造形物の表面硬度は、ロックウェル硬さHRC50以上である、造形物の製造方法。 - 前記造形工程は、前記焼結層に対して切削加工を行う切削工程を含む、請求項1に記載の造形物の製造方法。
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US15/841,833 US20180207723A1 (en) | 2017-01-24 | 2017-12-14 | Method for producing three-dimensional molded object |
US17/242,946 US20210245248A1 (en) | 2017-01-24 | 2021-04-28 | Method for producing three-dimensional molded object |
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JP2017010581 | 2017-01-24 | ||
JP2017010581 | 2017-01-24 |
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JP6325736B1 true JP6325736B1 (ja) | 2018-05-16 |
JP2018119208A JP2018119208A (ja) | 2018-08-02 |
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US (1) | US20180207723A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6325736B1 (ja) |
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JPWO2022097652A1 (ja) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-05-12 |
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CN110863169A (zh) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-03-06 | 河南科技大学 | 一种渗碳钢轴承套圈热处理优化方法 |
CN113385941A (zh) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-09-14 | 西安交通大学 | 一种增减材复合制造装置 |
Citations (1)
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JP2016216773A (ja) * | 2015-05-19 | 2016-12-22 | 株式会社ソディック | 積層造形装置 |
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US5613180A (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1997-03-18 | Keystone Investment Corporation | High density ferrous power metal alloy |
JP4536669B2 (ja) * | 2006-02-27 | 2010-09-01 | 株式会社ソディック | スピンドル装置 |
JP6162824B2 (ja) * | 2013-02-01 | 2017-07-12 | エアロジェット ロケットダイン インコーポレイテッド | 高温延性および応力破断寿命のための付加製造 |
JP5721887B1 (ja) * | 2014-06-20 | 2015-05-20 | 株式会社ソディック | 積層造形装置 |
US10688581B2 (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2020-06-23 | The Board Of Trustees Of Western Michigan University | 3D metal printing device and process |
CZ306654B6 (cs) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-04-19 | Českévysoké Učení Technické V Praze, Fakulta Strojní, Ústav Výrobních Strojů A Zařízení | Způsob vytváření kovových dílců pomocí depozice materiálu a zařízení k provádění tohoto způsobu |
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JP2016216773A (ja) * | 2015-05-19 | 2016-12-22 | 株式会社ソディック | 積層造形装置 |
Cited By (4)
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JPWO2022097652A1 (ja) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-05-12 | ||
WO2022097652A1 (ja) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-05-12 | 日立金属株式会社 | 合金部材の製造方法、合金部材、および合金部材を用いた製造物 |
JP7248196B2 (ja) | 2020-11-04 | 2023-03-29 | 株式会社プロテリアル | 合金部材の製造方法、合金部材、および合金部材を用いた製造物 |
EP4242335A4 (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2024-04-24 | Proterial, Ltd. | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ALLOY ELEMENT, ALLOY ELEMENT AND PRODUCT USING ALLOY ELEMENT |
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US20180207723A1 (en) | 2018-07-26 |
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