JP6279492B2 - スピンバルブ、mram及びmramの動作方法 - Google Patents
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- JP6279492B2 JP6279492B2 JP2014560249A JP2014560249A JP6279492B2 JP 6279492 B2 JP6279492 B2 JP 6279492B2 JP 2014560249 A JP2014560249 A JP 2014560249A JP 2014560249 A JP2014560249 A JP 2014560249A JP 6279492 B2 JP6279492 B2 JP 6279492B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 66
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002902 ferrimagnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910020708 Co—Pd Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910020707 Co—Pt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 126
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000005293 ferrimagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005290 antiferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002983 circular dichroism Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005381 magnetic domain Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002885 antiferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005298 paramagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N50/00—Galvanomagnetic devices
- H10N50/80—Constructional details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F10/00—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure
- H01F10/32—Spin-exchange-coupled multilayers, e.g. nanostructured superlattices
- H01F10/324—Exchange coupling of magnetic film pairs via a very thin non-magnetic spacer, e.g. by exchange with conduction electrons of the spacer
- H01F10/325—Exchange coupling of magnetic film pairs via a very thin non-magnetic spacer, e.g. by exchange with conduction electrons of the spacer the spacer being noble metal
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C11/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor
- G11C11/02—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements
- G11C11/16—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements using elements in which the storage effect is based on magnetic spin effect
- G11C11/161—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements using elements in which the storage effect is based on magnetic spin effect details concerning the memory cell structure, e.g. the layers of the ferromagnetic memory cell
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C11/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor
- G11C11/02—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements
- G11C11/16—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements using elements in which the storage effect is based on magnetic spin effect
- G11C11/165—Auxiliary circuits
- G11C11/1675—Writing or programming circuits or methods
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F10/00—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure
- H01F10/32—Spin-exchange-coupled multilayers, e.g. nanostructured superlattices
- H01F10/324—Exchange coupling of magnetic film pairs via a very thin non-magnetic spacer, e.g. by exchange with conduction electrons of the spacer
- H01F10/3286—Spin-exchange coupled multilayers having at least one layer with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N50/00—Galvanomagnetic devices
- H10N50/10—Magnetoresistive devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N50/00—Galvanomagnetic devices
- H10N50/80—Constructional details
- H10N50/85—Magnetic active materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C11/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor
- G11C11/02—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements
- G11C11/16—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements using elements in which the storage effect is based on magnetic spin effect
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F10/00—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure
- H01F10/08—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers
- H01F10/10—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers characterised by the composition
- H01F10/12—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers characterised by the composition being metals or alloys
- H01F10/126—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers characterised by the composition being metals or alloys containing rare earth metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F10/00—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure
- H01F10/32—Spin-exchange-coupled multilayers, e.g. nanostructured superlattices
- H01F10/3227—Exchange coupling via one or more magnetisable ultrathin or granular films
- H01F10/3231—Exchange coupling via one or more magnetisable ultrathin or granular films via a non-magnetic spacer
- H01F10/3236—Exchange coupling via one or more magnetisable ultrathin or granular films via a non-magnetic spacer made of a noble metal, e.g.(Co/Pt) n multilayers having perpendicular anisotropy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Hall/Mr Elements (AREA)
- Thin Magnetic Films (AREA)
- Mram Or Spin Memory Techniques (AREA)
Description
US 2006/0132990 A1には、積層構造の配向がスピン偏極電流によって制御される(スピントランスファトルク)、特別なスピンバルブが開示されている。このスピンバルブは二つの強磁性層から成るサブ積層構造を含むことができ、それら二つの強磁性層は中間層によって離隔されており、且つ、強磁性交換相互作用を介して結合されている。このサブ積層構造において、強磁性構造の偏極方向は平行又は反平行であり、また層面に対して垂直である。
Claims (12)
- 層面に対して垂直方向に磁化された二つの層と、該磁化された層の間に配置されている中間層とを有しているスピンバルブであって、
一方の層は、前記磁化の向きの優先配向を設定するためのリファレンス層として構成されており、フェリ磁性材料から形成されており、且つ、強磁性材料又はフェリ磁性材料から形成されている他方の層であるフリー層よりも高い保磁力を有している、スピンバルブにおいて、
前記中間層は導電性又は非導電性に構成されており、
前記リファレンス層及び前記フリー層は単一磁区性の磁化を有しており、
前記リファレンス層は、少なくとも稀土類元素及び遷移金属から成る合金から形成されており、
前記リファレンス層の保磁力は、該リファレンス層の組成を介して設定可能であり、且つ、0.8kA/m以上であり、
複数のパラメータ、即ち前記リファレンス層の異方性KRS及び層厚dRSと、前記中間層の層厚dZSの関数である結合定数Jとは、前記リファレンス層と前記フリー層との間の交換バイアスを生じさせるための条件(KRS・dRS)/J(dZS)>1を満たすように設定されており、
交換バイアス磁場は0.8kA/mから80kA/mの間の値を有している、ことを特徴とするスピンバルブ。 - 前記リファレンス層はDyzCo(1-z)から形成されている、但し、zは5atom%から35atom%の間である、請求項1に記載のスピンバルブ。
- 前記フリー層はFezGd(1-z)から形成されている、但し、zは0.05から0.95の間である、請求項1に記載のスピンバルブ。
- 前記フリー層は、Co−Pd合金若しくはCo−Pt合金から形成されているか、又は、Co/Pt多層若しくはCo/Pd多層から形成されている、請求項1に記載のスピンバルブ。
- 前記中間層は、複数の元素、即ちバナジウム、クロム、銅、ニオブ、モリブデン、ルテニウム、ロジウム、タンタル、タングステン、レニウム又はイリジウムの内の一つから形成されている、請求項1に記載のスピンバルブ。
- 前記中間層は、複数の酸化物、即ちMgO、Al2O3、BaTiO3又はBaFeO3の内の一つから形成されている、請求項1に記載のスピンバルブ。
- 前記リファレンス層は0.1nmから1,000nmの厚さを有している、請求項1に記載のスピンバルブ。
- 前記フリー層は0.1nmから1,000nmの厚さを有している、請求項1に記載のスピンバルブ。
- 前記中間層は0.1nmから2nmの間の厚さを有している、請求項1に記載のスピンバルブ。
- 前記リファレンス層はDyCo5から成り、且つ、25nmの厚さを有しており、
前記中間層はタンタルから成り、且つ、0.5nmの厚さを有しており、
前記フリー層はFe76Gd24から成り、且つ、50nmの厚さを有している、請求項1乃至9のいずれか一項に記載のスピンバルブ。 - 請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載のスピンバルブを複数有しているMRAMにおいて、
各スピンバルブは半揮発性の特性を有しており、
前記特性は、読み出しアクセス及び書き込みアクセスを実現しながら、それと同時に室温における時間的な安定性を有していること、並びに、トレーニング効果を生じさせることなく、磁場を用いて、記憶されている情報をリセットできることを特徴としている、MRAM。 - MRAMの動作方法において、
前記MRAMは、請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載のスピンバルブを複数有しており、
各スピンバルブは半揮発性の特性を有しており、
前記特性は、読み出しアクセス及び書き込みアクセスを実現しながら、それと同時に室温における時間的な安定性を有していること、並びに、トレーニング効果を生じさせることなく、磁場を用いて、記憶されている情報をリセットできることを特徴としている、MRAMの動作方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102012005134.4 | 2012-03-05 | ||
DE102012005134.4A DE102012005134B4 (de) | 2012-03-05 | 2012-03-05 | Spin-Ventil und Verwendung einer Vielzahl von Spin-Ventilen |
PCT/DE2013/000132 WO2013131510A1 (de) | 2012-03-05 | 2013-03-01 | Spin-ventil |
Publications (2)
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JP2015515126A JP2015515126A (ja) | 2015-05-21 |
JP6279492B2 true JP6279492B2 (ja) | 2018-02-14 |
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Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20150070984A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6279492B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102012005134B4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013131510A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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CN107305923A (zh) * | 2016-04-19 | 2017-10-31 | 赖志煌 | 具热稳定性的自旋轨道扭力式磁性随存储存器 |
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NL2011800C2 (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2015-05-19 | Stichting Katholieke Univ | Magneto-optical device. |
CN109873077B (zh) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-03-27 | 华北电力大学 | 调节金属间化合物的交换偏置场的方法 |
CN110412081B (zh) * | 2019-07-16 | 2022-03-08 | 三峡大学 | 一种稀土(re)-过渡族金属(tm)合金中非共线反铁磁耦合原子磁矩间夹角测量方法 |
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US7602591B2 (en) * | 2005-06-22 | 2009-10-13 | Tdk Corporation | Exchange-coupled free layer with out-of-plane magnetization |
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2012
- 2012-03-05 DE DE102012005134.4A patent/DE102012005134B4/de active Active
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2013
- 2013-03-01 WO PCT/DE2013/000132 patent/WO2013131510A1/de active Application Filing
- 2013-03-01 US US14/383,131 patent/US20150070984A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-03-01 JP JP2014560249A patent/JP6279492B2/ja active Active
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107305923A (zh) * | 2016-04-19 | 2017-10-31 | 赖志煌 | 具热稳定性的自旋轨道扭力式磁性随存储存器 |
CN107305923B (zh) * | 2016-04-19 | 2019-04-12 | 赖志煌 | 具热稳定性的自旋轨道扭力式磁性随存储存器 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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US20150070984A1 (en) | 2015-03-12 |
JP2015515126A (ja) | 2015-05-21 |
DE102012005134A1 (de) | 2013-09-05 |
DE102012005134B4 (de) | 2015-10-08 |
WO2013131510A1 (de) | 2013-09-12 |
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